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Mullan G, Kinney M. Anti-LGI-1 Limbic Encephalitis and Autoimmune Epilepsy Following a Third Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report. Neurohospitalist 2024; 14:332-335. [PMID: 38895001 PMCID: PMC11181977 DOI: 10.1177/19418744241234100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI-1) autoimmune encephalitis (AE) typically presents with cognitive impairment, faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and hyponatraemia. Reports are growing of neurological complications following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Here we describe a 50 year old man who developed anti-LGI-1 limbic encephalitis and autoimmune epilepsy 4 days following a dose of the mRNA Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine (of note, his first two vaccinations were viral vector ChAdOX1-S). He presented with focal aware seizures characterised by short-lived episodes of confusion, emotional distress and déjà vu associated with palpitations. He also reported subacute progressive amnesia. He responded well to high-dose steroid and subsequent immunoglobulin therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of anti-LGI-1 AE following a mixed COVID-19 vaccination regimen. We aim to complement the early literature on this post-COVID-19 vaccination phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry Mullan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Michael Kinney
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
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2
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Padilla‐Flores T, Sampieri A, Vaca L. Incidence and management of the main serious adverse events reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1224. [PMID: 38864106 PMCID: PMC11167235 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2n first appeared in Wuhan, China in 2019. Soon after, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The health crisis imposed by a new virus and its rapid spread worldwide prompted the fast development of vaccines. For the first time in human history, two vaccines based on recombinant genetic material technology were approved for human use. These mRNA vaccines were applied in massive immunization programs around the world, followed by other vaccines based on more traditional approaches. Even though all vaccines were tested in clinical trials prior to their general administration, serious adverse events, usually of very low incidence, were mostly identified after application of millions of doses. Establishing a direct correlation (the cause-effect paradigm) between vaccination and the appearance of adverse effects has proven challenging. This review focuses on the main adverse effects observed after vaccination, including anaphylaxis, myocarditis, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and transverse myelitis reported in the context of COVID-19 vaccination. We highlight the symptoms, laboratory tests required for an adequate diagnosis, and briefly outline the recommended treatments for these adverse effects. The aim of this work is to increase awareness among healthcare personnel about the serious adverse events that may arise post-vaccination. Regardless of the ongoing discussion about the safety of COVID-19 vaccination, these adverse effects must be identified promptly and treated effectively to reduce the risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Padilla‐Flores
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)Mexico CityMexico
| | - Alicia Sampieri
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)Mexico CityMexico
| | - Luis Vaca
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)Mexico CityMexico
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3
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Kondo K, Honda K, Goshima K, Inoue N, Shinjo D, Tsutsumi T, Fushimi K. Otologic disease trends in Japan post-COVID-19 outbreak: A retrospective time-series analysis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:525-530. [PMID: 38522357 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and vaccinations on otologic diseases, including facial nerve paralysis (including Ramsay Hunt syndrome), vestibular neuritis, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and Meniere's disease. METHODS In this retrospective study, we conducted a time-series analysis employing a causal impact algorithm on a large-scale inpatient database in Japan. We compared the actual number of hospitalized patients with otologic diseases to two predictions: one without any covariates and another with a covariate accounting for the reduction in the number of hospitalized patients due to lockdown measures. Additionally, we performed Granger causality tests to ensure the robustness of our findings. RESULTS No significant increase was noted in the number of hospitalized patients with otologic diseases following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the causal impact analysis. Similarly, no notable surge was observed in hospitalizations for these diseases following the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine. The Granger causality tests results aligned with the causal impact analysis findings. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that COVID-19 and vaccinations had minimal discernible effects on hospitalization of patients with otologic diseases, suggesting that otologic diseases may not be significantly impacted by COVID-19 and vaccinations, which could have implications for public health policies and the allocation of healthcare resources during a pandemic. Further research and monitoring of long-term effects are warranted to validate these findings and guide healthcare decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kondo
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, , S1651/S1568 M&D Tower, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138519, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Honda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Goshima
- Faculty of International Social Sciences, Division of International Social Sciences, Yokohama National University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Inoue
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, , S1651/S1568 M&D Tower, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138519, Japan; Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shinjo
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, , S1651/S1568 M&D Tower, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138519, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tsutsumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, , S1651/S1568 M&D Tower, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138519, Japan
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4
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Valdes Y, Ledesma B, Reddy RV, Paz R, Deshmukh S, Collazo I, Bustillo M, Montenegro M, Eisermann J, Palmerola K, Arora H. COVID-19 Vaccination and Reproductive Health: a Comprehensive Review for Healthcare Providers. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1215-1226. [PMID: 38151655 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
With all the current misinformation on social media platforms about the COVID-19 vaccine and its potential effects on fertility, it is essential for healthcare providers to have evidenced-based research to educate their patients, especially those who are trying to conceive, of the risks to mothers and fetuses of being unvaccinated. It is well known that COVID-19 infection puts pregnant women at higher risk of complications, including ICU admission, placentitis, stillbirth, and death. In February of 2021, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) released a statement denying any link between COVID vaccination and infertility. ASRM later confirmed and stated that "everyone, including pregnant women and those seeking to become pregnant, should get a COVID-19 vaccine". In this review, we aim to provide a compilation of data that denies any link between vaccination and infertility for healthcare providers to be able to educate their patients based on evidence-based medicine. We also reviewed the effect of COVID-19 virus and vaccination on various parameters and processes that are essential to obtaining a successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaima Valdes
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1150 N.W. 14th St., Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Braian Ledesma
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1150 N.W. 14th St., Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Raghuram V Reddy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1150 N.W. 14th St., Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Romy Paz
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1150 N.W. 14th St., Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sameer Deshmukh
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ineabelle Collazo
- South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, IVFMD, 7300 SW 62nd Place, 4th Floor, South Miami, FL, 33143, USA
| | - Maria Bustillo
- South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, IVFMD, 7300 SW 62nd Place, 4th Floor, South Miami, FL, 33143, USA
| | - Marta Montenegro
- South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, IVFMD, 7300 SW 62nd Place, 4th Floor, South Miami, FL, 33143, USA
| | - Juergen Eisermann
- South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, IVFMD, 7300 SW 62nd Place, 4th Floor, South Miami, FL, 33143, USA
| | - Katherine Palmerola
- South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, IVFMD, 7300 SW 62nd Place, 4th Floor, South Miami, FL, 33143, USA.
| | - Himanshu Arora
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1150 N.W. 14th St., Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33143, USA.
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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5
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Thomas J, Ghosh A, Ranjan S, Satija J. Cheminformatics approach to identify andrographolide derivatives as dual inhibitors of methyltransferases (nsp14 and nsp16) of SARS-CoV-2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9801. [PMID: 38684706 PMCID: PMC11058777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak has accelerated tremendous efforts to discover a therapeutic strategy that targets severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to control viral infection. Various viral proteins have been identified as potential drug targets, however, to date, no specific therapeutic cure is available against the SARS-CoV-2. To address this issue, the present work reports a systematic cheminformatic approach to identify the potent andrographolide derivatives that can target methyltransferases of SARS-CoV-2, i.e. nsp14 and nsp16 which are crucial for the replication of the virus and host immune evasion. A consensus of cheminformatics methodologies including virtual screening, molecular docking, ADMET profiling, molecular dynamics simulations, free-energy landscape analysis, molecular mechanics generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA), and density functional theory (DFT) was utilized. Our study reveals two new andrographolide derivatives (PubChem CID: 2734589 and 138968421) as natural bioactive molecules that can form stable complexes with both proteins via hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. The toxicity analysis predicts class four toxicity for both compounds with LD50 value in the range of 500-700 mg/kg. MD simulation reveals the stable formation of the complex for both the compounds and their average trajectory values were found to be lower than the control inhibitor and protein alone. MMGBSA analysis corroborates the MD simulation result and showed the lowest energy for the compounds 2734589 and 138968421. The DFT and MEP analysis also predicts the better reactivity and stability of both the hit compounds. Overall, both andrographolide derivatives exhibit good potential as potent inhibitors for both nsp14 and nsp16 proteins, however, in-vitro and in vivo assessment would be required to prove their efficacy and safety in clinical settings. Moreover, the drug discovery strategy aiming at the dual target approach might serve as a useful model for inventing novel drug molecules for various other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobin Thomas
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology (CNBT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Anupam Ghosh
- NanoBio Research Lab, School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721301, India
| | - Shivendu Ranjan
- NanoBio Research Lab, School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721301, India
| | - Jitendra Satija
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology (CNBT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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6
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Woo HG, Kim HJ, Park J, Lee J, Lee H, Kim MS, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Rahmati M, Yeo SG, Yon DK. Global burden of vaccine-associated multiple sclerosis, 1967-2022: A comprehensive analysis of the international pharmacovigilance database. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29591. [PMID: 38572940 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Vaccine-associated multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare, with insufficient evidence from case reports. Given the scarcity of large-scale data investigating the association between vaccine administration and adverse events, we investigated the global burden of vaccine-associated MS and potential related vaccines from 1967 to 2022. Reports on vaccine-associated MS between 1967 and 2022 were obtained from the World Health Organization International Pharmacovigilance Database (total number of reports = 120 715 116). We evaluated global reports, reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information components (IC) to investigate associations between 19 vaccines and vaccine-associated MS across 156 countries and territories. We identified 8288 reports of vaccine-associated MS among 132 980 cases of all-cause MS. The cumulative number of reports on vaccine-associated MS gradually increased over time, with a substantial increase after 2020, owing to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-associated MS. Vaccine-associated MS develops more frequently in males and adolescents. Nine vaccines were significantly associated with higher MS reporting, and the highest disproportional associations were observed for hepatitis B vaccines (ROR 19.82; IC025 4.18), followed by encephalitis (ROR 7.42; IC025 2.59), hepatitis A (ROR 4.46; IC025 1.95), and papillomavirus vaccines (ROR 4.45; IC025 2.01). Additionally, MS showed a significantly disproportionate signal for COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (ROR 1.55; IC025 0.52). Fatal clinical outcomes were reported in only 0.3% (21/8288) of all cases of vaccine-associated MS. Although various vaccines are potentially associated with increased risk of MS, we should be cautious about the increased risk of MS following vaccination, particularly hepatitis B and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, and should consider the risk factors associated with vaccine-associated MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Kim
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyu Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hayeon Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Bakos T, Mészáros T, Kozma GT, Berényi P, Facskó R, Farkas H, Dézsi L, Heirman C, de Koker S, Schiffelers R, Glatter KA, Radovits T, Szénási G, Szebeni J. mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccine Lipids Induce Complement Activation and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines: Mechanisms, Effects of Complement Inhibitors, and Relevance to Adverse Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3595. [PMID: 38612407 PMCID: PMC11012056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A small fraction of people vaccinated with mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP)-based COVID-19 vaccines display acute or subacute inflammatory symptoms whose mechanism has not been clarified to date. To better understand the molecular mechanism of these adverse events (AEs), here, we analyzed in vitro the vaccine-induced induction and interrelations of the following two major inflammatory processes: complement (C) activation and release of proinflammatory cytokines. Incubation of Pfizer-BioNTech's Comirnaty and Moderna's Spikevax with 75% human serum led to significant increases in C5a, sC5b-9, and Bb but not C4d, indicating C activation mainly via the alternative pathway. Control PEGylated liposomes (Doxebo) also induced C activation, but, on a weight basis, it was ~5 times less effective than that of Comirnaty. Viral or synthetic naked mRNAs had no C-activating effects. In peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures supplemented with 20% autologous serum, besides C activation, Comirnaty induced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in the following order: IL-1α < IFN-γ < IL-1β < TNF-α < IL-6 < IL-8. Heat-inactivation of C in serum prevented a rise in IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α, suggesting C-dependence of these cytokines' induction, although the C5 blocker Soliris and C1 inhibitor Berinert, which effectively inhibited C activation in both systems, did not suppress the release of any cytokines. These findings suggest that the inflammatory AEs of mRNA-LNP vaccines are due, at least in part, to stimulation of both arms of the innate immune system, whereupon C activation may be causally involved in the induction of some, but not all, inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the pharmacological attenuation of inflammatory AEs may not be achieved via monotherapy with the tested C inhibitors; efficacy may require combination therapy with different C inhibitors and/or other anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Bakos
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
- SeroScience LCC., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Tibor Kozma
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
- SeroScience LCC., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Berényi
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
- SeroScience LCC., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Facskó
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
- SeroScience LCC., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henriette Farkas
- Hungarian Center of Reference and Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - László Dézsi
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Carlo Heirman
- Etherna Biopharmaceuticals, 2845 Niel, Belgium; (C.H.); (S.d.K.)
| | - Stefaan de Koker
- Etherna Biopharmaceuticals, 2845 Niel, Belgium; (C.H.); (S.d.K.)
| | - Raymond Schiffelers
- Division of Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Tamás Radovits
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szénási
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.B.); (T.M.); (G.T.K.); (P.B.); (R.F.); (L.D.); (G.S.)
- SeroScience LCC., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Miskolc University, 3530 Miskolc, Hungary
- Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 06351, Republic of Korea
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8
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Airapetian A, Bachmetjev B, Zablockis R. Attitudes of the Lithuanian Population toward COVID-19 Vaccination and Evaluation of Its Effectiveness: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:313. [PMID: 38399600 PMCID: PMC10890333 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study delves into the attitudes, beliefs and determinants influencing the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among the Lithuanian population. Materials and Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional study design, a total of 3166 respondents were surveyed. Results: The findings reveal a significant disparity in vaccination rates based on socio-demographic factors, with higher uptake observed among individuals with a university degree, urban residents and those in higher income brackets. Personal beliefs, particularly regarding the vaccine's efficacy in pandemic management, played a pivotal role in vaccination decisions. This study also highlights the influence of external factors, such as the activity of the "anti-vaxxer" movement and the introduction of vaccination certificates. Conclusions: The results emphasize the need for targeted educational interventions and comprehensive public health campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy and promote widespread immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Airapetian
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K. Ciurlionio 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Benedikt Bachmetjev
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K. Ciurlionio 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Rolandas Zablockis
- Clinic of Chest Diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K. Ciurlionio 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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9
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Kharazmi E, Bayati M, Majidpour Azad Shirazi A. Vaccination and its impact on healthcare utilization in two groups of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Iran between 2021 and 2022. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1914. [PMID: 38405172 PMCID: PMC10885182 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims One of the main responsibilities of health systems impacted by the global Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, where the first case was discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, is the provision of medical services. The current study looked into the impact of vaccination on the utilization of services provided to COVID-19 patients. Methods This study was conducted in Iran between 2021 and 2022, utilizing a cross-sectional research design. The research team collected data on the utilization of provided services and the number of COVID-19 vaccines administered to 1000 patients in Iran through a random sampling approach. The data were analyzed with statistical methods, including the mean difference test, and multiple linear regression. Results Regression estimates show that after controlling for confounding variables like age, type of admission, and comorbidities, vaccination reduces the utilization of healthcare services in the general majority of services. The study's results reveal a fall in COVID-19 patients' utilization of services, specifically in patients administered two or three doses of the vaccine. However, the reduction is not statistically significant. Regression models are in contrast to univariate analysis findings that vaccination increases the mean utilization of healthcare services for COVID-19 patients in general. Comorbidities are a crucial factor in determining the utilization of diagnostic and treatment services for COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Full COVID-19 vaccination and other implementations, including investing in public health, cooperating globally, and vaccinating high-risk groups for future pandemics, are essential as a critical response to this pandemic as they reduce healthcare service utilization to alleviate the burden on healthcare systems and allocate resources more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Kharazmi
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mohsen Bayati
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Ali Majidpour Azad Shirazi
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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10
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Lin CH, Chen TA, Chiang PH, Hsieh AR, Wu BJ, Chen PY, Lin KC, Tsai ZS, Lin MH, Chen TJ, Chen YC. Incidence and Nature of Short-Term Adverse Events following COVID-19 Second Boosters: Insights from Taiwan's Universal Vaccination Strategy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:149. [PMID: 38400133 PMCID: PMC10892656 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the incidence and characteristics of adverse events (AEs) following the second COVID-19 booster dose, leveraging Taiwan's distinctive approach of extending booster vaccinations to all citizens, unlike the targeted high-risk group strategies in other countries. Utilizing data from Taipei Veterans General Hospital's Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) from 27 October 2022 to 19 January 2023, this research examines AEs in 441 out of 1711 booster recipients, considering factors like age, vaccine brands, and booster combinations. The findings revealed incidence rates (IRs) of 25.6% (95% CI: 21.1-30.8) after the first booster and 24.9% (95% CI: 20.5-30.0) after the second, mostly non-serious, with those having AEs post-first booster being five times more likely to report them again (incidence rate ratio, 5.02, p < 0.001). Significantly, switching from the mRNA1273 vaccine to another brand reduced AE risk by 18%. This study underscores that AEs are more repetitive than cumulative with additional booster doses, advocating for personalized vaccination strategies based on individual medical histories and previous vaccine reactions. These insights are valuable for healthcare providers in discussing potential AEs with patients, thereby improving vaccine compliance and public trust, and for policymakers in planning future booster vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hao Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Tsung-An Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chiang
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
| | - Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
| | - Bih-Ju Wu
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Chen Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Zih-Syun Tsai
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
| | - Ming-Hwai Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu 31064, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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11
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Sarker P, Haq MA, Akhtar E, Roy AK, Hosen MB, Huda TMN, Akter S, Ahmed R, Chowdhury MR, Ferdous J, Vandenent M, Islam MZ, Zaman RU, Arifeen SE, Razzaque A, Raqib R. Serosurveillance among urban slum and non-slum populations immunized with COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e14. [PMID: 38178722 PMCID: PMC10804132 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823001942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Using two rounds of serosurveillance, we aimed to observe the COVID-19 vaccination status and the dynamics of antibody responses to different vaccines among urban slum and non-slum populations of Bangladesh. Adults (>18 years) and children (10-17 years) were enrolled in March and October 2022. Data including COVID-19 vaccine types and dosage uptake were collected. SARS-CoV-2 spike (S)-specific antibodies were measured in blood. The proportion of vaccinated children was significantly lower among slum than non-slum populations. Two doses of vaccines showed an increase in the level of anti-S-antibodies up to 2 months, followed by reduced levels at 2-6 months and a resurgence at 6-12 months. Children showed significantly higher anti-S-antibodies after two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine than adults; however, after 6 months, the level of antibodies declined in younger children (10 - < 12 years). In a mixed vaccine approach, mRNA vaccines contributed to the highest antibody response whether given as the first two doses or as the third dose. Our findings emphasized the need for increasing the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination among slum children and booster dosing among all children. The use of mRNA vaccines in the mixed vaccination approach was found to be useful in boosting the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protim Sarker
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahsanul Haq
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Evana Akhtar
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anjan Kumar Roy
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Biplob Hosen
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tarique Mohammad Nurul Huda
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharmin Akter
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Razu Ahmed
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Razib Chowdhury
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Shams-El Arifeen
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Razzaque
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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12
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Rezvani M, Sabouri M, Aminmansour B, Falahpour S, Sourani A, Sharafi M, Baradaran Mahdavi S, Foroughi M, Nik Khah R, Sourani A, Veisi S. Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:612-619. [PMID: 38222759 PMCID: PMC10783308 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 vaccination side effects are rare but important medical situations. Spine-affecting side effects are amongst the rarest, but exceedingly important. Haemorrhagic spinal manifestations of COVID-19 and its vaccines are less reported with little knowledge about them. Case presentation An 80-year-old male who received his first shot of the COVID-19 vaccine had developed COVID-19 pneumonia, weakness, and sensory problems in his legs followed by sphincter incontinence within 5 days period. MRI showed a spontaneous epidural spinal epidural haematoma (SSEDH) in T10-L1. He underwent laminectomy and haematoma evacuation. One month follow-up showed no clinical improvement. Discussion To our knowledge, this was the first post-vaccination SSEDH and second in haemorrhagic spinal complications following COVID-19 vaccination. Considering the neuropathogenesis pathway of COVID-19 and its vaccines, there are common mechanisms of action that could potentially justify post-vaccination SSEDH such as seen in COVID-19 infection, itself. Early Neurosurgical intervention and better preoperative neurological status could be a beneficial modifier for favourable clinical outcomes. Conclusion SSEDH and COVID-19 vaccine coincidence is a rare clinical event, still no solid association could be scientifically explained. Further studies are required for a reliable pathophysiologic association. Early diagnosis, interdisciplinary medical approach, and faster intervention are the cornerstone of the treatment paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Arman Sourani
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine
- Environment Research Center
| | | | - Sadegh Baradaran Mahdavi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease
| | - Mina Foroughi
- Isfahan Medical Students’ Research Committee (IMSRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roham Nik Khah
- Isfahan Medical Students’ Research Committee (IMSRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Armin Sourani
- Isfahan Medical Students’ Research Committee (IMSRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaahin Veisi
- Isfahan Medical Students’ Research Committee (IMSRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Salai G, Ljubičić Đ, Novak R, Grgurević L. Benign fasciculation syndrome and migraine aura without headache as possible adverse events after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination: a web-based survey. Croat Med J 2023; 64:430-435. [PMID: 38168524 PMCID: PMC10797237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the characteristics of patients who experienced muscle fasciculations and migraine auras without headache after BNT162b2 immunization. METHODS In January 2022, we published a case report that described a 48-year-old female patient who experienced muscle twitching and migraine auras without headache following BNT162b2 immunization. A self-administered online survey was sent to people who had written to us and complained of similar symptoms described in the case report (N=20). RESULTS The survey was completed by 11 participants, of whom 10 reported muscle twitching following BNT162b2 immunization lasting a median of 14 (4-36.5) days. Five of these participants (50%) reported migraine auras without headache. Participants further reported on self-identified triggers that altered the intensity of their symptoms, such as anxiety or caffeine. Fifty percent of participants who got an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (3/6) experienced increased muscle symptom intensity during the acute phase of the disease. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, our survey is the first to summarize patients' experiences of these phenomena occurring after BNT162b2 immunization. It is important to note that no causal relationship between vaccination and these phenomena can be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lovorka Grgurević
- Grgurević, Department of Proteomics, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
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14
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López D, García-Peydró M. Could SARS-CoV-1 Vaccines in the Pipeline Have Contributed to Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic? Lessons for the Next Coronavirus Plague. Biomedicines 2023; 12:62. [PMID: 38255169 PMCID: PMC10813159 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 caused the devastating COVID-19 pandemic, which, to date, has resulted in more than 800 million confirmed cases and 7 million deaths worldwide. The rapid development and distribution (at least in high-income countries) of various vaccines prevented these overwhelming numbers of infections and deaths from being much higher. But would it have been possible to develop a prophylaxis against this pandemic more quickly? Since SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the subgenus sarbecovirus, with its highly homologous SARS-CoV-1, we propose here that while SARS-CoV-2-specific vaccines are being developed, phase II clinical trials of specific SARS-CoV-1 vaccines, which have been in the pipeline since the early 20th century, could have been conducted to test a highly probable cross-protection between SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel López
- Presentation and Immune Regulation Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain
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15
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da Silva LNM, Filho AGO, Guimarães JB. Musculoskeletal manifestations of COVID-19. Skeletal Radiol 2023:10.1007/s00256-023-04549-4. [PMID: 38117308 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected millions of people worldwide, with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) being the most common severe condition of pulmonary involvement. Despite its involvement in the lungs, SARS-CoV-2 causes multiple extrapulmonary manifestations, including manifestations in the musculoskeletal system. Several cases involving bone, joint, muscle, neurovascular and soft tissues were reported shortly after pandemic onset. Even after the acute infection has resolved, many patients experience persistent symptoms and a decrease in quality of life, a condition known as post-COVID syndrome or long COVID. COVID-19 vaccines have been widely available since December 2020, preventing millions of deaths during the pandemic. However, adverse reactions, including those involving the musculoskeletal system, have been reported in the literature. Therefore, the primary goal of this article is to review the main imaging findings of SARS-CoV-2 involvement in the musculoskeletal system, including acute, subacute, chronic and postvaccination manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas N M da Silva
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Grupo Fleury, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio Brandão Guimarães
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Grupo Fleury, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Radiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, UNIFESP-EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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16
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Islam MA. A review of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccines: Viral properties, mutations, vaccine efficacy, and safety. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2023; 2:247-261. [PMID: 38205179 PMCID: PMC10774670 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2 instigated by coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has delivered an unfathomable obstruction that has touched all sectors worldwide. Despite new vaccine technologies and mass administration of booster doses, the virus persists, and unknown the ending of the pandemic for new variants and sub-variants. Moreover, whether leaning on home medications or using plant extracts is sufficient often to combat the virus has generated tremendous interest in the scientific fraternity. Different databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar used to find published articles linked with related topics. Currently, COVID-19 third and fourth shots of vaccines are progressively administered worldwide, where some countries trail others by a significant margin. Many proteins related to viral activity have changed, possibly boosting the virus infectivity and making antibodies ineffective. This study will reminisce the viral genome, associated pathways for viral protein functions, variants, and their mutations. The current, comprehensive review will also provide information on vaccine technologies developed by several biotech companies and the efficacy of their doses, costs including boosters on a mass level. As no vaccine is working to protect fully against all the variants, the new proactive vaccine research needs to be conducted based on all variants, their sub-lineage, and mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Aminul Islam
- Advanced Molecular Lab, Department of Microbiology, President Abdul Hamid Medical College, Karimganj 2310, Bangladesh
- COVID-19 Diagnostic lab, Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
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17
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Jeong A, Carroll TJ, Gonzalez R. Wrist Extensor Tenosynovitis After COVID-19 Vaccination. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY GLOBAL ONLINE 2023; 5:849-851. [PMID: 38106933 PMCID: PMC10721549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 54-year-old right-handed woman with no medical history of rheumatic disease or trauma to the upper extremities who developed painful nodules along her left upper extremity and torso immediately after receiving the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster for COVID-19 in her left upper extremity. Most of the nodules subsided within several days, but several persisted over the dorsum of the left wrist with physical examination and imaging findings consistent with second and fourth extensor compartment tenosynovitis. She ultimately underwent excision of the left wrist extensor tenosynovitis, followed by a repeat excision for recurrence of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jeong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Ronald Gonzalez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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18
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Seller A, Hackenbruch C, Walz JS, Nelde A, Heitmann JS. Long-Term Follow-Up of COVID-19 Convalescents-Immune Response Associated with Reinfection Rate and Symptoms. Viruses 2023; 15:2100. [PMID: 37896879 PMCID: PMC10611319 DOI: 10.3390/v15102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide, causing millions of deaths and leaving a significant proportion of people with long-term sequelae of COVID-19 ("post-COVID syndrome"). Whereas the precise mechanism of post-COVID syndrome is still unknown, the immune response after the first infection may play a role. Here, we performed a long-term follow-up analysis of 110 COVID-19 convalescents, analyzing the first SARS-CoV-2-directed immune response, vaccination status, long-term symptoms (approximately 2.5 years after first infection), and reinfections. A total of 96% of convalescents were vaccinated at least once against SARS-CoV-2 after their first infection. A reinfection rate of 47% was observed, and lower levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies after the first infection were shown to associate with reinfection. While T-cell responses could not be clearly associated with persistent postinfectious symptoms, convalescents with long-term symptoms showed elevated SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels at the first infection. Evaluating the immune response after the first infection might be a useful tool for identifying individuals with increased risk for re-infections and long-term symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Seller
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Peptide-Based Immunotherapy, Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christopher Hackenbruch
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Peptide-Based Immunotherapy, Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Juliane S. Walz
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Peptide-Based Immunotherapy, Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Annika Nelde
- Department of Peptide-Based Immunotherapy, Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jonas S. Heitmann
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Peptide-Based Immunotherapy, Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Yaseen AR, Suleman M, Qadri AS, Asghar A, Arshad I, Khan DM. Development of conserved multi-epitopes based hybrid vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants: an immunoinformatic approach. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 11:18. [PMID: 37519944 PMCID: PMC10374517 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The world has faced unprecedented disruptions like global quarantine and the COVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2. To combat these unsettling situations, several effective vaccines have been developed and are currently being used. However, the emergence of new variants due to the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 challenges the efficacy of existing vaccines and has highlighted the need for novel vaccines that will be effective against various SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this study, we exploited the four structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 to execute a potential multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The vaccine was designed by utilizing the antigenic, non-toxic, and non-allergenic B-cell and T-cell epitopes, which were selected from conserved regions of viral proteins. To build a vaccine construct, epitopes were connected through different linkers and an adjuvant was also attached at the start of the construct to enhance the immunogenicity and specificity of the epitopes. The vaccine construct was then screened through the aforementioned filters and it scored 0.6019 against the threshold of 0.4 on VexiJen 2.0 which validates its antigenicity. Toll-like receptors (i.e., TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR8) and vaccine construct were docked by Cluspro 2.0, and TLR8 showed strong interaction with construct having a maximum negative binding energy of - 1577.1 kCal/mole. C-IMMSIM's immune simulations over three doses of the vaccine and iMODS' molecular dynamic simulations were executed to assess the reliability of the docked complexes. The stability of the vaccine construct was evaluated through the physicochemical analyses and the findings suggested that the manufactured vaccine is stable under a wide range of circumstances and can trigger immune responses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants (due to conserved epitopes). However, to strengthen the formulation of the vaccine and assess its safety and effectiveness, additional investigations and studies are required to support the computational data of this research at in-vitro and in-vivo levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-023-00156-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allah Rakha Yaseen
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Salam Qadri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Ali Asghar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Iram Arshad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Daulat Munaza Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
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20
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Vera-Lastra O, Mora G, Lucas-Hernández A, Ordinola-Navarro A, Rodríguez-Chávez E, Peralta-Amaro AL, Medina G, Cruz-Dominguez MP, Jara LJ, Shoenfeld Y. New Onset Autoimmune Diseases after the Sputnik Vaccine. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1898. [PMID: 37509537 PMCID: PMC10377489 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertiginous advance for identifying the genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 allowed the development of a vaccine including mRNA-based vaccines, inactivated viruses, protein subunits, and adenoviral vaccines such as Sputnik. This study aims to report on autoimmune disease manifestations that occurred following COVID-19 Sputnik vaccination. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with new-onset autoimmune diseases induced by a post-COVID-19 vaccine between March 2021 and December 2022, in two referral hospitals in Mexico City and Argentina. The study evaluated patients who received the Sputnik vaccine and developed recent-onset autoimmune diseases. Results: Twenty-eight patients developed recent-onset autoimmune diseases after Sputnik vaccine. The median age was 56.9 ± 21.7 years, with 14 females and 14 males. The autoimmune diseases observed were neurological in 13 patients (46%), hematological autoimmune manifestations occurred in 12 patients (42%), with thrombotic disease observed in 10 patients (28%), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in two patients (7.1%). Rheumatological disorders were present in two patients (7.1%), and endocrine disorders in one patient (3.5%). Principio del formulario Conclusion: Although the COVID-19 Sputnik vaccine is generally safe, it can lead to adverse effects. Thrombosis and Guillain-Barre were the most frequent manifestations observed in our group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vera-Lastra
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Mora
- Inmunology Department, Hospital Militar Central, Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires C1426, Argentina
| | - Abihai Lucas-Hernández
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City 03104, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ordinola-Navarro
- Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Rodríguez-Chávez
- Neurology Department, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia Peralta-Amaro
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Medina
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
| | - María Pilar Cruz-Dominguez
- Direction of Research and Education, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
| | - Luis J Jara
- Rheumatology Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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21
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Ghaderi S, Mohammadi S, Heidari M, Sharif Jalali SS, Mohammadi M. Post-COVID-19 Vaccination CNS Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings: A Systematic Review. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2023; 2023:1570830. [PMID: 37427078 PMCID: PMC10325882 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1570830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on central nervous system (CNS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in individuals who have received COVID-19 vaccinations. Our objective is to enhance understanding of potential neurological side effects, inform clinical practice, and guide future research on the neurological implications of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods In this systematic review, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2020 to April 2023, using terms related to COVID-19 vaccination and CNS MRI findings. We evaluated the quality of the study, extracted relevant data, and included 89 eligible studies that covered various vaccines, demographics of patients, symptoms, and MRI findings to provide a thorough understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related CNS problems. Results We investigated CNS MRI findings following COVID-19 vaccination across various vaccine types. Common diseases associated with post-vaccination CNS MRI findings included cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute myelitis, autoimmune encephalitis (AE), and others. Patients presented with diverse onset symptoms and neurological manifestations. Abnormalities identified in CNS MRI findings included white matter (WM) hyperintensity. Our analysis offers a comprehensive overview of the current literature on post-vaccination CNS MRI findings. Discussion. We highlight a range of post-COVID-19 vaccination CNS MRI findings, including CVST, with a higher incidence in individuals receiving the ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) vaccine. Other notable observations include cases of ADEM, myelitis or transverse myelitis (TM), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and acute encephalopathy following COVID-19 vaccination. The incidence of these neurological complications is extremely rare, and the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. The reviewed studies were primarily case reports or case series, and thus large-scale epidemiological studies and controlled clinical trials are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with these neurological complications following COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Heidari
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shadi Sharif Jalali
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Sirisuk W, Limvorapitak W, Lolekha P, Methaset K, Kulkantrakorn K. Incidence and clinical characteristics of adverse neurological events and stroke-like syndrome associated with immune stress-related response after COVID-19 vaccination in 2021 from Thailand. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 231:107804. [PMID: 37295197 PMCID: PMC10226278 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AEFIs (adverse events following immunizations), especially ISRR ( immune stress related response) which can cause stroke-like symptoms may affect the vaccine roll-out campaign to prevent the coronavirus 2019 outbreak. METHODS This study aimed to describe the incidence and clinical characteristics of neurological AEFIs and stroke-like symptoms associated with ISRR after COVID-19 vaccination. Characteristics of ISRR were compared to minor ischemic stroke patients during the same period of the study. During March to September 2021, we retrospectively collected data of participants aged ≥ 18 years who received COVID-19 vaccine and developed AEFIs from Thammasat university vaccination center (TUVC). Data of neurological AEFIs patients and minor ischemic stroke patients were collected from hospital electronic medical record system. RESULTS COVID-19 vaccine were administered at TUVC for 245,799 doses. AEFIs were reported in 129,652 instances (52.6%). ChADOx-1 nCoV-19 viral vector vaccine has the most frequent occurrence of AEFIs (58.0%), and neurological AEFIs (12.6%). 83% of neurological AEFI was headache. Most were mild and did not need medical attention. Of 119 patients who received COVID-19 vaccine from anywhere with neurological AEFIs and presented to TUH, ISRR was diagnosed in 107 patients (89.9%) and all patients who has follow-up data (30.8%) showed clinical improvement. In comparison with minor ischemic stroke (116 patients), ISRR patients had significantly less ataxia, facial weakness, weakness of arm/leg and speech disturbances (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The incidence of neurological AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccination was higher among recipients of ChAdOx-1 nCoV-19 vaccine (12.6%) than inactivated vaccine (6.2%) and mRNA vaccine (7.5%). However, most neurological AEFIs were ISRR, had mild severity and resolved within 30 days. Stroke-like symptoms occurred less frequently than patients with minor ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wikawee Sirisuk
- Division of Neurology, Depeartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wasithep Limvorapitak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Praween Lolekha
- Division of Neurology, Depeartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanthida Methaset
- Division of Pharmacy, Thammasat University Hospital, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kongkiat Kulkantrakorn
- Division of Neurology, Depeartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
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