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El-Sharkawy RM, Abbas MHH. Unveiling antibacterial and antioxidant activities of zinc phosphate-based nanosheets synthesized by Aspergillus fumigatus and its application in sustainable decolorization of textile wastewater. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37980459 PMCID: PMC10657121 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of an environment-friendly nanomaterial with promising antimicrobial and antioxidant properties is highly desirable. The decolorization potentiality of toxic dyes using nanoparticles is a progressively serious worldwide issue. METHODS The successful biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles based on phosphates (ZnP-nps) was performed using the extracellular secretions of Aspergillus fumigatus. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthetic ZnP-nps was investigated against Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria using the agar diffusion assay method. The antioxidant property for the biosynthetic nanomaterial was evaluated by DPPH and H2O2 radical scavenging assay. RESULTS Remarkable antibacterial and antiradical scavenging activities of ZnP-nps were observed in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was 25 µg/ml, however, the MIC for Bacillus subtilis was 12.5 µg/ml. The maximum adsorptive performance of nanomaterial was respectively achieved at initial dye concentration of 200 mg/L and 150 mg/L using methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), where sorbent dosages were 0.5 g for MB and 0.75 g for MB; pH was 8.0 for MB and 4.0 for MO; temperature was 30 °C; contact time was 120 min. The experimental data was better obeyed with Langmuir's isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.999). The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of MB and MO dyes on nanomaterial were 178.25 mg/g and 50.10 mg/g, respectively. The regenerated nanomaterial, respectively, persist > 90% and 60% for MB and MO after 6 successive cycles. The adsorption capacity of the prepared zinc phosphate nanosheets crystal toward MB and MO, in the present study, was comparable/superior with other previously engineered adsorbents. CONCLUSIONS Based on the above results, the biosynthesized ZnP-nanosheets are promising nanomaterial for their application in sustainable dye decolorization processes and they can be employed in controlling different pathogenic bacteria with a potential application as antiradical scavenging agent. Up to our knowledge, this is probably the first study conducted on the green synthesis of ZnP-nanosheets by filamentous fungus and its significant in sustainable dye decolorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyad M El-Sharkawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed H H Abbas
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Horky P, Urbankova L, Bano I, Kopec T, Nevrkla P, Pribilova M, Baholet D, Chilala P, Slama P, Skalickova S. Selenium Nanoparticles as Potential Antioxidants to Improve Semen Quality in Boars. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2460. [PMID: 37570269 PMCID: PMC10417132 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential compound which can influence the fertility of boars by a greater margin. In past decades, research was mainly focused on a bioavailability of various selenium forms and the effect on semen quality. Recently, nanotechnology has expanded the possibilities of selenium supplementation research. Twenty-one Duroc boars (three groups with seven boars each) were included in this experiment with the first group being a control group with no selenium supplementation, and the second group being supplemented with 0.3 mg Se/kg of selenium in inorganic form of Na2SeO3. The third group was supplemented with selenium nanoparticles (100 nm) at the same dose as that of the second group. The experiment lasted for 126 days (three spermatogenesis cycles of boars) and the antioxidant parameters of boar semen were analysed at 42, 84 and 126 days, respectively. The antioxidant parameters (DPPH, FRAP, DMPD, GSH, GSSG) were not influenced by both Se2NO3 and selenium nanoparticle supplementation during this experiment. At the end of the monitored period, significantly higher (p < 0.004) antioxidant readings were observed by using the ABTS method but not the DPPH, DMPD and FRAP methods on the supplemented groups compared to the control. Moreover, selenium-nanoparticle-supplemented groups showed elevated glutathione peroxidase activity in the seminal fluid (p < 0.008). However, the selenium nanoparticle supplementation has not shown an improving effect on sperm quality. This could be considered as a safe alternative to inorganic selenium as well as having a potential to enhance the antioxidant properties of the semen of boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Lenka Urbankova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Iqra Bano
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Nawabshah 67210, Pakistan;
| | - Tomas Kopec
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Pavel Nevrkla
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Magdalena Pribilova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Daria Baholet
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Pompido Chilala
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
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Baholet D, Skalickova S, Vaclavkova E, Batik A, Kolackova I, Nevrkla P, Horky P. Short-term supplementation of zinc nanoparticles in weaned piglets affects zinc bioaccumulation and carcass classification. Livest Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2023.105191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Baholet D, Skalickova S, Kopec T, Horky P. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Phosphate-Based Zinc Nanoparticles. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun.2022.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Zhu X, Li H, Zhou L, Jiang H, Ji M, Chen J. Evaluation of the gut microbiome alterations in healthy rats after dietary exposure to different synthetic ZnO nanoparticles. Life Sci 2022; 312:121250. [PMID: 36455650 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although synthetic ZnO nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) as an alternative of ZnO compounds have been extensively used such as in livestock production, the increased consuming of Nano-ZnO has raised considerable concerns in environmental pollution and public health. Because of the low digestion of Nano-ZnO, the systematic studies on their interactions with gut microbiota remain to be clarified. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nano-ZnOs were prepared by co-precipitation (ZnO-cp) and high temperature thermal decomposition (ZnO-td) as well as the commercial type (ZnO-s). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to monitor the morphology of Nano-ZnO. CCK-8 assay was used for cytotoxicity evaluation. Total antioxidant capacity assay, total superoxide dismutase assay, and lipid peroxidation assay were used to evaluate oxidative states of rats. 16S rRNA was used to study the impact of Nano-ZnO on the rat gut microbiome. KEY FINDINGS Both ZnO-cp and ZnO-td exhibited low cytotoxicity while ZnO-s and ZnO-td exhibited prominent antibacterial activities. After a 28-day oral feeding with 1000 mg/kg Zn at dietary dosage, ZnO-s showed slight effect on causing oxidative stress in comparison with that of ZnO-cp and ZnO-td. Results of 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated that ZnO-td as a promising short-term nano-supplement can increase probiotics abundances like strains belonged to the genus Lactobacillus and provide the antipathogenic effect. SIGNIFICANCE The results of the gut microbiome alteration by synthetic Nano-ZnO not only provide solution to exposure monitoring of environmental hazard, but rationalize their large-scale manufacture as alternative additive in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Henghui Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liuzhu Zhou
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China.
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Horky P, Gruberova HA, Aulichova T, Malyugina S, Slama P, Pavlik A, Skladanka J, Skoric M, Skalickova S. Protective effect of a new generation of activated and purified bentonite in combination with yeast and phytogenic substances on mycotoxin challenge in pigs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259132. [PMID: 34705867 PMCID: PMC8550360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of new mycotoxin adsorbents based on purified and activated bentonites combined with yeast and phytogenic compounds in fattening pigs. The experiment involved 96 pigs (31.2±2.4 kg). Control (C) group was fed a diet naturally contaminated with mycotoxins (5 mg/kg deoxynivalenol, DON) without an adsorbent. Treated groups received the feed with mycotoxin adsorbents: purified and activated bentonite (T1), purified and activated bentonite, yeast derivatives, phytogenic substances (T2), and purified, activated, and sulphurated bentonite with phytogenic substances (T3). Evaluated parameters involved growth performance, organ weight, small intestine and liver histopathology, complete blood count, serum biochemistry, antioxidant status of the organism and total and free DON content in urine. In all treated groups, an significant increase in intestinal GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio was observed when compared to C. No significant effects on liver and kidney weight, complete blood count, serum or intestinal malondialdehyde concentration, or total/free DON content in urine were observed. All adsorbents improved histopathological findings in the liver when compared to C. Moreover, T1, and T2 groups showed no presence of inflammatory reaction or necrotic changes in the livers. Although, mycotoxin adsorbents investigated in this study had no significant impact on pig growth performance, they reduced the oxidative stress, and on the tissue level they protected the jejunal tissue and liver parenchyma under deoxynivalenol challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Horky
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Hana Abigail Gruberova
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Tereza Aulichova
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Svetlana Malyugina
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Petr Slama
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Ales Pavlik
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Misa Skoric
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- * E-mail:
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Fatima F, Siddiqui S, Khan WA. Nanoparticles as Novel Emerging Therapeutic Antibacterial Agents in the Antibiotics Resistant Era. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2552-2564. [PMID: 33030657 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are highly resistant to the antibiotics that are commonly used and thus are becoming serious public health problem. There is an urgent need for new approaches to monitor microbial behavior, and hence, nanomaterial can be a very promising solution. Nanotechnology has led to generation of novel antimicrobial agents such as gold, silver, zinc, copper, poly-£-lysine, iron, and chitosan which have shown remarkable potential, demonstrating their applicability as proficient antibiotic agents against various pathogenic bacterial species. The antimicrobial nanoproduct physically kills the organism's cell membranes that prevent the production of drug-resistant microorganisms. These nanosized particles can also be used as diagnostic agents, targeted drug delivery vehicle, noninvasive imaging technologies, and in vivo visual monitoring of tumors angiogenesis. These nanomaterials provide a promising platform for diagnostics, prognostic, drug delivery, and treatment of diseases by means of nanoengineered products/devices. This owes to their small size, prolonged antimicrobial efficacy with insignificant toxicity creating less environmental hazard or toxicity. Scientists address several problems such as health, bioethical problems, toxicity risks, physiological, and pharmaceutical concerns related with the usage of NPs as antimicrobial agents as current research lack adequate data and information on the safe use of certain tools and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faria Fatima
- Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Saba Siddiqui
- Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Waqar Ahmad Khan
- Department of Business Management, Ishik University, Kurdistan, Erbil, Iraq
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Kanjilal D, Grieg C, Culbertson MD, Lin SS, Vives M, Benevenia J, O'Connor JP. Improved osteogenesis in rat femur segmental defects treated with human allograft and zinc adjuvants. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1857-1868. [PMID: 34038225 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211019008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone allograft is widely used to treat large bone defects or complex fractures. However, processing methods can significantly compromise allograft osteogenic activity. Adjuvants that can restore the osteogenic activity of processed allograft should improve clinical outcomes. In this study, zinc was tested as an adjuvant to increase the osteogenic activity of human allograft in a Rag2 null rat femoral defect model. Femoral defects were treated with human demineralized bone matrix (DBM) mixed with carboxy methyl cellulose containing ZnCl2 (0, 75, 150, 300 µg) or Zn stearate (347 µg). Rat femur defects treated with DBM-ZnCl2 (75 µg) and DBM-Zn stearate (347 µg) showed increased calcified tissue in the defect site compared to DBM alone. Radiograph scoring and µCT (microcomputed tomography) analysis showed an increased amount of bone formation at the defects treated with DBM-Zn stearate. Use of zinc as an adjuvant was also tested using human cancellous bone chips. The bone chips were soaked in ZnCl2 solutions before being added to defect sites. Zn adsorbed onto the chips in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Rat femur defects treated with Zn-bound bone chips had more new bone in the defects based on µCT and histomorphometric analyses. The results indicate that zinc supplementation of human bone allograft improves allograft osteogenic activity in the rat femur defect model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deboleena Kanjilal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.,School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers-Newark Health Science Campus, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Christopher Grieg
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.,School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers-Newark Health Science Campus, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Maya Deza Culbertson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Sheldon S Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Michael Vives
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Joseph Benevenia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - J Patrick O'Connor
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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van Hengel IAJ, Tierolf MWAM, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Apachitei I, Zadpoor AA. Antibacterial Titanium Implants Biofunctionalized by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation with Silver, Zinc, and Copper: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3800. [PMID: 33917615 PMCID: PMC8038786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving orthopedic implants are at risk of implant-associated infections (IAI). A growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria threaten to hamper the treatment of IAI. The focus has, therefore, shifted towards the development of implants with intrinsic antibacterial activity to prevent the occurrence of infection. The use of Ag, Cu, and Zn has gained momentum as these elements display strong antibacterial behavior and target a wide spectrum of bacteria. In order to incorporate these elements into the surface of titanium-based bone implants, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) has been widely investigated as a single-step process that can biofunctionalize these (highly porous) implant surfaces. Here, we present a systematic review of the studies published between 2009 until 2020 on the biomaterial properties, antibacterial behavior, and biocompatibility of titanium implants biofunctionalized by PEO using Ag, Cu, and Zn. We observed that 100% of surfaces bearing Ag (Ag-surfaces), 93% of surfaces bearing Cu (Cu-surfaces), 73% of surfaces bearing Zn (Zn-surfaces), and 100% of surfaces combining Ag, Cu, and Zn resulted in a significant (i.e., >50%) reduction of bacterial load, while 13% of Ag-surfaces, 10% of Cu-surfaces, and none of Zn or combined Ag, Cu, and Zn surfaces reported cytotoxicity against osteoblasts, stem cells, and immune cells. A majority of the studies investigated the antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Important areas for future research include the biofunctionalization of additively manufactured porous implants and surfaces combining Ag, Cu, and Zn. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of such implants should be determined in assays focused on prevention, rather than the treatment of IAIs. These implants should be tested using appropriate in vivo bone infection models capable of assessing whether titanium implants biofunctionalized by PEO with Ag, Cu, and Zn can contribute to protect patients against IAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar A. J. van Hengel
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands; (M.W.A.M.T.); (L.E.F.-A.); (I.A.); (A.A.Z.)
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Vafaei S, Sadat Shandiz SA, Piravar Z. Zinc-Phosphate Nanoparticles as a Novel Anticancer Agent: An In Vitro Evaluation of Their Ability to Induce Apoptosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:109-117. [PMID: 32006202 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, zinc-phosphate nanoparticles (ZnPNPs) were investigated for the first time due to their anticancer activity against breast cancer Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell line. The modification of such nanoparticles (NPs) was further examined for physicochemical characterization using various techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential calculation, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersed spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then, the newly fabricated ZnPNPs were tested for their in vitro cell cytotoxicity against breast cancer MCF-7 cells and noncancerous human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells, using MTT assay as a colorimetric one to assess cell metabolic activity for 24 h. The apoptotic efficacy of the NPs was subsequently confirmed through data obtained from Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) staining kit and cell cycle analysis. Determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was further performed via flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression of tumor suppressor genes p53 was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the prepared NPs showed a mean particle size of 38 nm. The measurements correspondingly showed that the cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells depends on the concentration of NPs (IC50 = 80.112 μg/mL). MCF-7 cells were associated with initiation of apoptotic pathway in cells. Additionally, flow cytometry revealed cell cycle arrest in sub-G1 phase. ROS production was also obtained after treatment with IC50 concentration. According to annexin V-FITC/PI staining kit data, the percentage of early and late apoptotic cells was 78.2% in those treated with ZnPNPs. Moreover, the real-time PCR results demonstrated the ability of NPs in upregulating p53 gene expression. In summary, the data demonstrated that fabricated ZnPNPs had prominence to act as antitumor agents in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Vafaei
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Piravar
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Saidin S, Jumat MA, Mohd Amin NAA, Saleh Al-Hammadi AS. Organic and inorganic antibacterial approaches in combating bacterial infection for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111382. [PMID: 33254989 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In spite of antibiotics, antibacterial agents or specifically known as antiseptics are actively explored for the prevention of infection-associated medical devices. Antibacterial agents are introduced to overcome the complication of bacterial resistance which devoted by antibiotics. It can be classified into inorganic and organic, that prominently have impacted bacterial retardation in their own killing mechanism patterns. Therefore, this review paper aimed to provide information on most common used inorganic and organic antibacterial agents which have potential to be utilized in biomedical applications, thus, classifying the trends of antibacterial mechanism on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In the beginning, infectious diseases and associated biomedical infections were stated to expose current infection scenarios on medical devices. The general view, application, susceptible bacteria and activation mechanism of inorganic (silver, copper, gold and zinc) and organic (chlorhexidine, triclosan, polyaniline and polyethylenimine) antibacterial agents that are widely proposed for biomedical area, were then gathered and reviewed. In the latter part of the study, the intact mechanisms of inorganic and organic antibacterial agents in retarding bacterial growth were classified and summarized based on its susceptibility on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Most of inorganic antibacterial agents are in the form of metal, which release its ions to retard prominently Gram-negative bacteria. While organic antibacterial agents are susceptible to Gram-positive bacteria through organelle modification and disturbance of bio-chemical pathway. However, the antibacterial effects of each antibacterial agent are also depending on its effective mechanism and the species of bacterial strain. These compilation reviews and classification mechanisms are beneficial to assist the selection of antibacterial agents to be incorporated on/within biomaterials, based on its susceptible bacteria. Besides, the combination of several antibacterial agents with different susceptibilities will cover a wide range of antibacterial spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syafiqah Saidin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Institute for Human Centred Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Amin Jumat
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Sharaf Saleh Al-Hammadi
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Kociova S, Dolezelikova K, Horky P, Skalickova S, Baholet D, Bozdechova L, Vaclavkova E, Belkova J, Nevrkla P, Skladanka J, Do T, Zitka O, Haddad Y, Kopel P, Zurek L, Adam V, Smerkova K. Zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles as alternatives to zinc oxide in diet of weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:59. [PMID: 32528676 PMCID: PMC7282173 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high doses of zinc oxide (ZnO) administered orally to piglets for the prevention of diarrhea and increase of growth rate can contaminate pig farms and the surrounding environment. Therefore, there is a need to find a replacement of high doses of dietary ZnO with an equally effective alternative. In the present study, the effect of two formulations of zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles (ZnA and ZnC NPs) on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, antioxidant status, and intestinal and liver morphology was evaluated. A total of 100 weaned piglets were randomly divided into 10 equal groups with the base diet (control) or the base diet supplemented with ZnA, ZnC, or ZnO at concentrations 500, 1000, and 2000 mg Zn per kilogram of diet. Supplements were given to animals for 10 days. Fecal samples were collected on day 0, 5, 10 and 20. At the end of the treatment (day 10), three piglets from each group were sacrificed and analyzed. RESULTS Comparing to that of control, the significantly higher piglet weight gain was observed in all piglet groups fed with ZnA (P < 0.05). Differences in the total aerobic bacteria and coliform counts in piglet feces after NPs supplementation compared to that of control and ZnO groups were also found (P < 0.05). The majority of aerobic culturable bacteria from the feces represented Escherichia (28.57-47.62%), Enterococcus (3.85-35.71%), and Streptococcus (3.70-42.31%) spp. A total of 542 Escherichia coli isolates were screened for the virulence genes STa, STb, Stx2, F4, and F18. The substantial occurrence of E. coli virulence factors was found on day 5, mainly in fimbrillary antigen and thermostable toxins, except for piglets fed by ZnC. Zn treatment decreased Zn blood levels in piglets fed with ZnO and ZnA (500 mg/kg) and increased in ZnC (2000 mg/kg) compared to that of control (P < 0.05). The antioxidant status of piglets was affected only by ZnA. While some changes in the liver and the intestinal morphology of piglets with NPs were observed, none were serious as reflected by the normal health status and increased weigh gain performance. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that ZnA NPs have a positive effect on the piglet growth performance even at the lowest concentration. The prevalence of E. coli virulence factors was lowest in pigs supplemented with ZnC. Zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles may be an effective alternative to ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Kociova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Dolezelikova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daria Baholet
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bozdechova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Vaclavkova
- Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, CZ-104 00 Praha Uhrineves, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Belkova
- Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, CZ-104 00 Praha Uhrineves, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Nevrkla
- Department of Animal Breeding, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yazan Haddad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Zurek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Center for Zoonoses, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Selvaraj S, Karuppaiah A, Karthik S, Sankar V. Synthesis and toxicity assessment of copper-based nano composite cream: an approach to enhance the antibacterial effect of mafenide acetate. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1750428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senith Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arjunan Karuppaiah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siram Karthik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veintramuthu Sankar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ling SC, Zhuo MQ, Zhang DG, Cui HY, Luo Z. Nano-Zn Increased Zn Accumulation and Triglyceride Content by Up-Regulating Lipogenesis in Freshwater Teleost, Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051615. [PMID: 32120818 PMCID: PMC7084257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore the mechanism of nano-Zn absorption and its influence on lipid metabolism in the intestine of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Compared to ZnSO4, dietary nano-Zn addition increased the triglyceride (TG) content, enzymatic activities of malic enzyme (ME) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and up-regulated mRNA levels of 6pgd, fas, acca, dgat1, pparγ, and fatp4. Using primary intestinal epithelial cells of yellow catfish, compared to the ZnSO4 group, nano-Zn incubation increased the contents of TG and free fatty acids (FFA), the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6GPD), ME, and FAS, up-regulated mRNA levels of lipogenic genes (6pgd, g6pd, fas, dgat1, and pparγ), genes of lipid transport (fatp4 and ifabp), and Zn transport genes (znt5, znt7, mt, and mtf1), and increased the protein expression of fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Further studies found that nano-Zn absorption was via the clathrin-dependent endocytic mechanism. PPARγ mediated the nano-Zn-induced increase in TG, and nano-Zn increased Zn accumulation and induced TG accumulation by activating the PPARγ pathway and up-regulating lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Cheng Ling
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.-C.L.); (M.-Q.Z.); (D.-G.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.-C.L.); (M.-Q.Z.); (D.-G.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Dian-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.-C.L.); (M.-Q.Z.); (D.-G.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Heng-Yang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.-C.L.); (M.-Q.Z.); (D.-G.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.-C.L.); (M.-Q.Z.); (D.-G.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-8728-2113; Fax: +86-27-8728-2114
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Horky P, Skalickova S, Smerkova K, Skladanka J. Essential Oils as a Feed Additives: Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity in Monogastric Animals. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E352. [PMID: 31200591 PMCID: PMC6617186 DOI: 10.3390/ani9060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are now a hot topic in finding modern substitutes for antibiotics. Many studies have shown positive results and confirmed their high antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Deservedly, there is an attempt to use EOs as a substitute for antibiotics, which are currently limited by legislation in animal breeding. Given the potential of EOs, studies on their fate in the body need to be summarized. The content of EO's active substances varies depending on growing conditions and consequently on processing and storage. Their content also changes dynamically during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract and their effective concentration can be noticeably diluted at their place of action (small intestine and colon). Based on the solubility of the individual EO's active substances, they are eliminated from the body at different rates. Despite a strong antimicrobial effect, some oils can be toxic to the body and cause damage to the liver, kidneys, or gastrointestinal tissues. Reproductive toxicity has been reported for Origanum vulgare and Mentha arvensis. Several publications also address the effect on the genome. It has been observed that EOs can show both genoprotective effects (Syzygium aromaticum) and genotoxicity, as is the case of Cinnamomum camphor. This review shows that although oils are mainly studied as promising antimicrobials, it is also important to assess animal safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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