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Zhao M, Wen X, Liu R, Xu K. Microbial dysbiosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a scientometric study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1319654. [PMID: 38863759 PMCID: PMC11166128 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1319654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Mounting evidence suggests microbiota dysbiosis augment autoimmune response. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of this research field in SLE through a bibliometric analysis. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search and retrieval of literature related to microbial researches in SLE from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. The retrieved articles were subjected to bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and Bibliometricx to explore annual publication output, collaborative patterns, research hotspots, current research status, and emerging trends. Results In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 218 research articles and 118 review articles. The quantity of publications rises annually, notably surging in 2015 and 2018. The United States and China emerged as the leading contributors in microbial research of SLE. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences had the highest publication outputs among the institutions. Frontiers in Immunology published the most papers. Luo XM and Margolles A were the most prolific and highly cited contributors among individual authors. Microbial research in SLE primarily focused on changes in microbial composition, particularly gut microbiota, as well as the mechanisms and practical applications in SLE. Recent trends emphasize "metabolites," "metabolomics," "fatty acids," "T cells," "lactobacillus," and "dietary supplementation," indicating a growing emphasis on microbial metabolism and interventions in SLE. Conclusion This study provides a thorough analysis of the research landscape concerning microbiota in SLE. The microbial research in SLE mainly focused on three aspects: microbial dysbiosis, mechanism studies and translational studies (microbiota-based therapeutics). It identifies current research trends and focal points, offering valuable guidance for scholars in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoting Wen
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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2
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Chasov V, Zmievskaya E, Ganeeva I, Gilyazova E, Davletshin D, Filimonova M, Valiullina A, Kudriaeva A, Bulatov E. Systemic lupus erythematosus therapeutic strategy: From immunotherapy to gut microbiota modulation. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:1-16. [PMID: 38828853 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.38.20240009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a systemic dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to an attack on healthy tissues of the body. During the development of SLE, pathogenic features, such as the formation of autoantibodies to self-nuclear antigens, caused tissue damage including necrosis and fibrosis, with an increased expression of type Ⅰ interferon (IFN) regulated genes. Treatment of lupus with immunosuppressants and glucocorticoids, which are used as the standard therapy, is not effective enough and causes side effects. As an alternative, more effective immunotherapies have been developed, including monoclonal and bispecific antibodies that target B cells, T cells, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokines or their receptors, and signaling molecules. Encouraging results have been observed in clinical trials with some of these therapies. Furthermore, a chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as the most effective, safe, and promising treatment option for SLE, as demonstrated by successful pilot studies. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a significant role in the severity of SLE, and the use of methods to normalize the gut microbiota, particularly fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), opens up new opportunities for effective treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zmievskaya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Irina Ganeeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Maria Filimonova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Aygul Valiullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Anna Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Alajoleen RM, Oakland DN, Estaleen R, Shakeri A, Lu R, Appiah M, Sun S, Neumann J, Kawauchi S, Cecere TE, McMillan RP, Reilly CM, Luo XM. Tlr5 deficiency exacerbates lupus-like disease in the MRL/ lpr mouse model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359534. [PMID: 38352866 PMCID: PMC10862078 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leaky gut has been linked to autoimmune disorders including lupus. We previously reported upregulation of anti-flagellin antibodies in the blood of lupus patients and lupus-prone mice, which led to our hypothesis that a leaky gut drives lupus through bacterial flagellin-mediated activation of toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Methods We created MRL/lpr mice with global Tlr5 deletion through CRISPR/Cas9 and investigated lupus-like disease in these mice. Result Contrary to our hypothesis that the deletion of Tlr5 would attenuate lupus, our results showed exacerbation of lupus with Tlr5 deficiency in female MRL/lpr mice. Remarkably higher levels of proteinuria were observed in Tlr5 -/- MRL/lpr mice suggesting aggravated glomerulonephritis. Histopathological analysis confirmed this result, and Tlr5 deletion significantly increased the deposition of IgG and complement C3 in the glomeruli. In addition, Tlr5 deficiency significantly increased renal infiltration of Th17 and activated cDC1 cells. Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were also aggravated in Tlr5-/- MRL/lpr mice suggesting impact on lymphoproliferation. In the spleen, significant decreased frequencies of regulatory lymphocytes and increased germinal centers were observed with Tlr5 deletion. Notably, Tlr5 deficiency did not change host metabolism or the existing leaky gut; however, it significantly reshaped the fecal microbiota. Conclusion Global deletion of Tlr5 exacerbates lupus-like disease in MRL/lpr mice. Future studies will elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which Tlr5 deficiency modulates host-microbiota interactions to exacerbate lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan M. Alajoleen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - David N. Oakland
- Graduate Program of Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Rana Estaleen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Aida Shakeri
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Michael Appiah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Sha Sun
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Neumann
- Transgenic Mouse Facility, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shimako Kawauchi
- Transgenic Mouse Facility, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Cecere
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ryan P. McMillan
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Christopher M. Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Kalayci FNC, Ozen S. Possible Role of Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in SLE. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:247-258. [PMID: 37737528 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-023-01115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The resident gut microbiota serves as a double-edged sword that aids the host in multiple ways to preserve a healthy equilibrium and serve as early companions and boosters for the gradual evolution of our immune defensive layers; nevertheless, the perturbation of the symbiotic resident intestinal communities has a profound impact on autoimmunity induction, particularly in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we seek to critically evaluate the microbiome research in SLE with a focus on intestinal dysbiosis. RECENT FINDINGS SLE is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with self-attack due to loss of tolerance, and there is aberrant excessive immune system activation. There is mounting evidence suggesting that intestinal flora disturbances may accelerate the formation and progression of SLE, presumably through a variety of mechanisms, including intestinal barrier dysfunction and leaky gut, molecular mimicry, bystander activation, epitope spreading, gender bias, and biofilms. Gut microbiome plays a critical role in SLE pathogenesis, and additional studies are warranted to properly define the impact of gut microbiome in SLE, which can eventually lead to new and potentially safer management approaches for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seza Ozen
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Liu X, Wang X, Zhang P, Fang Y, Liu Y, Ding Y, Zhang W. Intestinal homeostasis in the gut-lung-kidney axis: a prospective therapeutic target in immune-related chronic kidney diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1266792. [PMID: 38022571 PMCID: PMC10646503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of intestinal homeostasis in health has received increasing interest, significantly improving our understanding of the complex pathophysiological interactions of the gut with other organs. Microbiota dysbiosis, impaired intestinal barrier, and aberrant intestinal immunity appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of immune-related chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Meanwhile, the relationship between the pathological changes in the respiratory tract (e.g., infection, fibrosis, granuloma) and immune-related CKD cannot be ignored. The present review aimed to elucidate the new underlying mechanism of immune-related CKD. The lungs may affect kidney function through intestinal mediation. Communication is believed to exist between the gut and lung microbiota across long physiological distances. Following the inhalation of various pathogenic factors (e.g., particulate matter 2.5 mum or less in diameter, pathogen) in the air through the mouth and nose, considering the anatomical connection between the nasopharynx and lungs, gut microbiome regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory states in the lungs and kidneys. Meanwhile, the intestine participates in the differentiation of T cells and promotes the migration of various immune cells to specific organs. This better explain the occurrence and progression of CKD caused by upper respiratory tract precursor infection and suggests the relationship between the lungs and kidney complications in some autoimmune diseases (e.g., anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies -associated vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus). CKD can also affect the progression of lung diseases (e.g., acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). We conclude that damage to the gut barrier appears to contribute to the development of immune-related CKD through gut-lung-kidney interplay, leading us to establish the gut-lung-kidney axis hypothesis. Further, we discuss possible therapeutic interventions and targets. For example, using prebiotics, probiotics, and laxatives (e.g., Rhubarb officinale) to regulate the gut ecology to alleviate oxidative stress, as well as improve the local immune system of the intestine and immune communication with the lungs and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiande First People’s Hospital, Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Geriatric, Zhejiang Aged Care Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Ding
- Department of Geriatric, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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6
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Mirfeizi Z, Mahmoudi M, Faridzadeh A. Probiotics as a complementary treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1640. [PMID: 37877130 PMCID: PMC10591540 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects young women. SLE has no recognized etiology but it is believed to be triggered by a number of factors, including genetic predisposition, hormonal influences, and environmental conditions. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota has emerged as a potential mechanism connecting the intestinal microbiome to the breakdown of self-tolerance and chronic inflammation. This review aims to investigate the role of probiotics in modulating the gut microbiome and their potential therapeutic benefits in managing SLE, providing insights for future research and clinical practice. Methods We conducted a thorough search for papers published up to June 2023 in databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Results The systematic review identified 22 articles examining the effects of probiotics on SLE. These studies-which include in vivo tests, in vitro research, and clinical trials-indicate that probiotics may be effective against inflammation, and improve immunological responses and metabolic profiles in SLE patients. Most in vivo studies were assessed as medium to high quality, while the randomized controlled trial was deemed of high quality. Conclusion According to the findings of our systematic review, probiotics may be used in conjunction with other treatments to manage SLE. Nonetheless, current data is limited, and more randomized controlled trials would be required to fully examine their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mirfeizi
- Rheumatology Department, Rheumatic Diseases Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Arezoo Faridzadeh
- Immunology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Cabana-Puig X, Lu R, Geng S, Michaelis JS, Oakes V, Armstrong C, Testerman JC, Liao X, Alajoleen R, Appiah M, Zhang Y, Reilly CM, Li L, Luo XM. CX 3CR1 modulates SLE-associated glomerulonephritis and cardiovascular disease in MRL/lpr mice. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1083-1097. [PMID: 37060359 PMCID: PMC10748465 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often develop multi-organ damages including heart and kidney complications. We sought to better define the underlying mechanisms with a focus on the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. METHODS We generated Cx3cr1-deficient MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice through backcrossing. We then employed heterozygous intercross to generate MRL/lpr littermates that were either sufficient or deficient of CX3CR1. The mice were also treated with either Lactobacillus spp. or a high-fat diet (HFD) followed by assessments of the kidney and heart, respectively. RESULTS Cx3cr1-/- MRL/lpr mice exhibited a distinct phenotype of exacerbated glomerulonephritis compared to Cx3cr1+/+ littermates, which was associated with a decrease of spleen tolerogenic marginal zone macrophages and an increase of double-negative T cells. Interestingly, upon correction of the gut microbiota with Lactobacillus administration, the phenotype of exacerbated glomerulonephritis was reversed, suggesting that CX3CR1 controls glomerulonephritis in MRL/lpr mice through a gut microbiota-dependent mechanism. Upon treatment with HFD, Cx3cr1-/- MRL/lpr mice developed significantly more atherosclerotic plaques that were promoted by Ly6C+ monocytes. Activated monocytes expressed ICOS-L that interacted with ICOS-expressing follicular T-helper cells, which in turn facilitated a germinal center reaction to produce more autoantibodies. Through a positive feedback mechanism, the increased circulatory autoantibodies further promoted the activation of Ly6C+ monocytes and their display of ICOS-L. CONCLUSIONS We uncovered novel, Cx3cr1 deficiency-mediated pathogenic mechanisms contributing to SLE-associated glomerulonephritis and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jacquelyn S Michaelis
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa Oakes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Caitlin Armstrong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - James C Testerman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Razan Alajoleen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Michael Appiah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Nie C, Xie X, Liu H, Yuan X, Ma Q, Tu A, Zhang M, Chen Z, Li J. Galactooligosaccharides ameliorate dietary advanced glycation end product-induced intestinal barrier damage in C57BL/6 mice by modulation of the intestinal microbiome. Food Funct 2023; 14:845-856. [PMID: 36537141 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02959f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are increasingly recognized as potentially pathogenic components of processed foods, and long-term consumption of dietary AGEs triggers disruption of the intestinal barrier integrity and increases the risk of chronic diseases. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) as prebiotics can modulate the intestinal microbiota and improve the intestinal barrier integrity. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether GOS could ameliorate the intestinal barrier damage induced by AGEs. The results showed an increased number of goblet cells (AGEs vs. H-GOS, 133.4 vs. 174.7, p < 0.05) and neutral mucin area (PAS positive area, 7.29% vs. 10.05%, p < 0.05). Upregulated expressions of occludin and claudin-1 and improved intestinal barrier integrity were observed in the H-GOS group. Using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, we found that GOS significantly reduced the high enrichment of Akkermansia (16.95% vs. 1.29%, p < 0.05) induced by dietary AGEs while increasing the content of short-chain fatty acids. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) showed that AGE-induced damage to the intestinal mucus barrier was reversed in the H-GOS transplanted group. Collectively, GOS ameliorated dietary AGE-induced intestinal barrier damage by reversing the dysregulated state of the intestinal microbiota. Our study lays the foundation for further research on dietary guidelines for populations with high AGE diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Huicui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Xiaojin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Qingyu Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Aobai Tu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Zhifei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Juxiu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Zhan Y, Liu Q, Zhang B, Huang X, Lu Q. Recent advances in systemic lupus erythematosus and microbiota: from bench to bedside. Front Med 2022; 16:686-700. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Cabana-Puig X, Mu Q, Lu R, Swartwout B, Abdelhamid L, Zhu J, Prakash M, Cecere TE, Wang Z, Callaway S, Sun S, Reilly CM, Ahmed S, Luo XM. Lactobacillus spp. act in synergy to attenuate splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy in lupus-prone MRL/ lpr mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923754. [PMID: 35967418 PMCID: PMC9368192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal bacteria and the immune system have a close and strong relationship that maintains a balance to control inflammation. Alterations of the microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can direct reactivity to self-antigens not only in the intestinal mucosa but also at the systemic level. Our laboratory previously reported gut dysbiosis, particularly lower abundance of bacteria in the family Lactobacillaceae, in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, a model of systemic autoimmunity. Restoring the microbiota with a mix of 5 different Lactobacillus species (spp.), L. reuteri, L. oris, L. johnsonii, L. gasseri and L. rhamnosus, attenuated lupus-liked clinical signs, including splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. However, our understanding of the mechanism was limited. In this study, we first investigated the effects of individual species. Surprisingly, none of the species individually recapitulated the benefits of the mix. Instead, Lactobacillus spp. acted synergistically to attenuate splenomegaly and renal lymphadenopathy through secreted factors and a CX3CR1-dependent mechanism. Interestingly, oral administration of MRS broth exerted the same benefits likely through increasing the relative abundance of endogenous Lactobacillus spp. Mechanistically, we found increased percentages of FOXP3-negative type 1 regulatory T cells with administration of the mix in both spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. In addition, oral gavage of Lactobacillus spp. decreased the percentage of central memory T cells while increasing that of effector memory T cells in the lymphoid organs. Furthermore, a decreased percentage of double negative T cells was observed in the spleen with the mix. These results suggest that Lactobacillus spp. might act on T cells to attenuate splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Together, this study advances our understanding of how Lactobacillus spp. attenuate lupus in MRL/lpr mice. The synergistic action of these bacteria suggests that multiple probiotic bacteria in combination may dampen systemic autoimmunity and benefit lupus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Qinghui Mu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Brianna Swartwout
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Meeta Prakash
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Cecere
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Sabrina Callaway
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Sha Sun
- Department of Development and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | - S. Ansar Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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11
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Charoensappakit A, Sae-Khow K, Leelahavanichkul A. Gut Barrier Damage and Gut Translocation of Pathogen Molecules in Lupus, an Impact of Innate Immunity (Macrophages and Neutrophils) in Autoimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158223. [PMID: 35897790 PMCID: PMC9367802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut barrier is a single cell layer that separates gut micro-organisms from the host, and gut permeability defects result in the translocation of microbial molecules from the gut into the blood. Despite the silent clinical manifestation, gut translocation of microbial molecules can induce systemic inflammation that might be an endogenous exacerbating factor of systemic lupus erythematosus. In contrast, circulatory immune-complex deposition and the effect of medications on the gut, an organ with an extremely large surface area, of patients with active lupus might cause gut translocation of microbial molecules, which worsens lupus severity. Likewise, the imbalance of gut microbiota may initiate lupus and/or interfere with gut integrity which results in microbial translocation and lupus exacerbation. Moreover, immune hyper-responsiveness of innate immune cells (macrophages and neutrophils) is demonstrated in a lupus model from the loss of inhibitory Fc gamma receptor IIb (FcgRIIb), which induces prominent responses through the cross-link between activating-FcgRs and innate immune receptors. The immune hyper-responsiveness can cause cell death, especially apoptosis and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis), which possibly exacerbates lupus, partly through the enhanced exposure of the self-antigens. Leaky gut monitoring and treatments (such as probiotics) might be beneficial in lupus. Here, we discuss the current information on leaky gut in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awirut Charoensappakit
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kritsanawan Sae-Khow
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis and potential serum protein biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 534:43-49. [PMID: 35810799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was not only a typical systemic autoimmune disease, but also one of the most challenging heterogeneous diseases for physicians. Currently, the pathogenesis of SLE was unclear, and there were no accurate, universal or easy-to-use diagnostic criteria for assessing SLE activity and predicting SLE severity. Proteins were direct effectors of biological mechanisms, and were closer to clinical phenotypes than the other discovered biomarkers. Moreover, proteins were widely used as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and mechanism research of many diseases. Herein, we compared the proteins profiles of healthy individuals (HCs) and SLE patients to reveal the pathogenesis and provide evidence for diagnosis and management of persons with SLE. Serum samples were collected from 28 SLE patients and 30 HCs. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics method was used to identify, screen and detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the collected serum samples. A total of 744 proteins were identified, and 84 of them were considered as DEPs with 71 upregulated and 13 downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that these DEPs were mainly involved in many biological processes, including immune response, signal transduction, inflammatory response, proteolysis, innate immune response and apoptosis, which were closely related to the pathogenesis of SLE. After comprehensive analysis, serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) and endothelin (CD248) were identified as specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of SLE, and were confirmed by subsequent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), indicating a high reliability of TMT-based quantitative proteomics results. Areas under the ROC curve (AUC) results confirmed that SAA1 and CD248 combination as early immune diagnosis biomarkers of SLE presented excellent sensitivity and specificity.
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Cabana-Puig X, Bond JM, Wang Z, Dai R, Lu R, Lin A, Oakes V, Rizzo A, Swartwout B, Abdelhamid L, Mao J, Prakash M, Sangmeister C, Cheung N, Cowan C, Reilly CM, Sun S, Ahmed SA, Luo XM. Phenotypic Drift in Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice: Potential Roles of MicroRNAs and Gut Microbiota. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:36-46. [PMID: 35039434 PMCID: PMC10984647 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MRL/lpr mice have been extensively used as a murine model of lupus. Disease progression in MRL/lpr mice can differ among animal facilities, suggesting a role for environmental factors. We noted a phenotypic drift of our in-house colony, which was the progeny of mice obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (JAX; stocking number 000485), that involved attenuated glomerulonephritis, increased splenomegaly, and reduced lymphadenopathy. To validate our in-house mice as a model of lupus, we compared these mice with those newly obtained from JAX, which were confirmed to be genetically identical to our in-house mice. Surprisingly, the new JAX mice exhibited a similar phenotypic drift, most notably the attenuation of glomerulonephritis. Interestingly, our in-house colony differed from JAX mice in body weight and kidney size (both sexes), as well as in splenic size, germinal center formation, and level of anti-dsDNA auto-IgG in the circulation (male only). In addition, we noted differential expression of microRNA (miR)-21 and miR-183 that might explain the splenic differences in males. Furthermore, the composition of gut microbiota was different between in-house and new JAX mice at early time points, which might explain some of the renal differences (e.g., kidney size). However, we could not identify the reason for attenuated glomerulonephritis, a shared phenotypic drift between the two colonies. It is likely that this was due to certain changes of environmental factors present in both JAX and our facilities. Taken together, these results suggest a significant phenotypic drift in MRL/lpr mice in both colonies that may require strain recovery from cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Jacob M Bond
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Rujuan Dai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Amy Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Vanessa Oakes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Amy Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Brianna Swartwout
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
| | - Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Jiangdi Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Meeta Prakash
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
| | - Constanza Sangmeister
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Nathaniel Cheung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Catharine Cowan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | | | - Sha Sun
- Department of Development and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - S Ansar Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA;
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA;
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Pan Q, Guo F, Huang Y, Li A, Chen S, Chen J, Liu HF, Pan Q. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Novel Insights into Mechanisms and Promising Therapeutic Strategies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:799788. [PMID: 34925385 PMCID: PMC8677698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that was traditionally thought to be closely related to genetic and environmental risk factors. Although treatment options for SLE with hormones, immunosuppressants, and biologic drugs are now available, the rates of clinical response and functional remission of these drugs are still not satisfactory. Currently, emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play crucial roles in the occurrence and development of SLE, and manipulation of targeting the gut microbiota holds great promises for the successful treatment of SLE. The possible mechanisms of gut microbiota dysbiosis in SLE have not yet been well identified to date, although they may include molecular mimicry, impaired intestinal barrier function and leaky gut, bacterial biofilms, intestinal specific pathogen infection, gender bias, intestinal epithelial cells autophagy, and extracellular vesicles and microRNAs. Potential therapies for modulating gut microbiota in SLE include oral antibiotic therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, glucocorticoid therapy, regulation of intestinal epithelial cells autophagy, extracellular vesicle-derived miRNA therapy, mesenchymal stem cell therapy, and vaccination. This review summarizes novel insights into the mechanisms of microbiota dysbiosis in SLE and promising therapeutic strategies, which may help improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE and provide novel therapies for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanren Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fengbiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Li R, Meng X, Chen B, Zhao L, Zhang X. Gut Microbiota in Lupus: a Butterfly Effect? Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:27. [PMID: 33864162 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease that typically displays chronic inflammatory tissue damage and miscellaneous circulatory autoantibodies, as well as distinctive type 1 interferon signatures. The etiology of SLE is unclear and currently is attributed to genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Gut microbiota has recently been considered a critical environmental pathogenic factor in immune-related disorders, and studies are ongoing to uncover the key pathogens and the imputative mechanisms. Fundamental advancements on the role of the microbiota in SLE pathology have been achieved in recent years and are summarized in this review. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings suggested that gut commensals could propagate autoimmunity via molecular mimicry in which ortholog-carrying microbes cross-activate autoreactive T/B cells and trigger the response against host autoantigens, or via bystander activation by stimulating antigen-presenting cells that present autoantigens and enhancing the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines, thus leading to the loss of self-tolerance and the production of autoantibodies. Additionally, the break of gut barrier and the translocation of gut commensals to inner organs can trigger immune dysregulation and inappropriate systemic inflammation. All these microbiota-mediated mechanisms could contribute to lupus immunopathogenesis and promote disease development in susceptible individuals. Evidence of the causative role of disturbed gut microbiome in SLE is still limited, and the related molecular mechanisms and pathways are largely elusive. However, the modification of gut microbiota, such as pathobiont vaccine, special diet, restricted consortium transplantation, as well as regulatory metabolites supplementation, might be promising strategies for lupus prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Beidi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lidan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID); State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), 41 Damucang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Clinical Immunology Centre, Medical Epigenetics Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Dong-Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Battaglia M, Garrett-Sinha LA. Bacterial infections in lupus: Roles in promoting immune activation and in pathogenesis of the disease. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 4:100078. [PMID: 33490939 PMCID: PMC7804979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infections of the lung, skin, bloodstream and other tissues are common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) and are often more severe and invasive than similar infections in control populations. A variety of studies have explored the changes in bacterial abundance in lupus patients, the rates of infection and the influence of particular bacterial species on disease progression, using both human patient samples and mouse models of lupus. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to summarize human and mouse studies that describe changes in the bacterial microbiome in lupus, the role of a leaky gut in stimulating inflammation, identification of specific bacterial species associated with lupus, and the potential roles of certain common bacterial infections in promoting lupus progression. METHODS Information was collected using searches of the Pubmed database for articles relevant to bacterial infections in lupus and to microbiome changes associated with lupus. RESULTS The reviewed studies demonstrate significant changes in the bacterial microbiome of lupus patients as compared to control subjects and in lupus-prone mice compared to control mice. Furthermore, there is evidence supporting the existence of a leaky gut in lupus patients and in lupus-prone mice. This leaky gut may allow live bacteria or bacterial components to enter the circulation and cause inflammation. Invasive bacterial infections are more common and often more severe in lupus patients. These include infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae and mycobacteria. These bacterial infections can trigger increased immune activation and inflammation, potentially stimulating activation of autoreactive lymphocytes and leading to worsening of lupus symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Together, the evidence suggests that lupus predisposes to infection, while infection may trigger worsening lupus, leading to a feedback loop that may reinforce autoimmune symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Battaglia
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
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Yao Y, Cai X, Fei W, Ren F, Wang F, Luan X, Chen F, Zheng C. Regulating Gut Microbiome: Therapeutic Strategy for Rheumatoid Arthritis During Pregnancy and Lactation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594042. [PMID: 33343364 PMCID: PMC7748111 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and bone destruction. Microbial infection is considered to be the most important inducement of RA. The pregnancy planning of women in childbearing age is seriously affected by the disease activity of RA. Gut microbiome, related to immunity and inflammatory response of the host. At present, emerging evidence suggested there are significant differences in the diversity and abundance of gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation, which may be associated with the fluctuation of RA disease activity. Based on these research foundations, we pioneer the idea of regulating gut microbiome for the treatment of RA during pregnancy and lactation. In this review, we mainly introduce the potential treatment strategies for controlling the disease activity of RA based on gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation. Besides, we also briefly generalize the effects of conventional anti-rheumatic drugs on gut microbiome, the effects of metabolic changes during pregnancy on gut microbiome, alteration of gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation, and the effects of anti-rheumatic drugs commonly used during pregnancy and lactation on gut microbiome. These will provide a clear knowledge framework for researchers in immune-related diseases during pregnancy. Regulating gut microbiome may be a potential and effective treatment to control the disease activity of RA during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fujia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Alterations in the Blood Parameters and Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites during Pregnant and Lactating Stages in Bama Mini Pigs as a Model. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8829072. [PMID: 33162832 PMCID: PMC7607286 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8829072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze plasma reproductive hormone and biochemical parameter changes, as well as fecal microbiota composition and metabolites in sows, at different pregnancy and lactation stages, using Bama mini pig as an experimental animal model. We found that plasma prolactin (PRL), progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen levels decreased from day 45 to day 105 of pregnancy. Plasma total protein and albumin levels were lower in pregnant sows, while glucose, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as fecal acetate, butyrate, valerate, total short-chain fatty acids, skatole, and tyramine levels, were higher in lactating sows. Interestingly, the lactating sows showed lower α-diversity and Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia relative abundances, while pregnant sows showed a higher Proteobacteria relative abundance. Notably, the Akkermansia relative abundance was highest on day 7 of lactation. Spearman analysis showed a positive correlation between plasma triglyceride and cholinesterase levels and Akkermansia and Streptococcus relative abundances. Moreover, Oscillospira and Desulfovibrio relative abundances were also positively correlated with plasma FSH, LH, and E2 levels, as well as PRL and LH with Bacteroides. Collectively, plasma reproductive hormones, biochemical parameters, and fecal microbiota composition and metabolite levels could alter along with pregnancy and lactation, which might contribute to the growth and development demands of fetuses and newborns.
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Zhang X, Chen BD, Zhao LD, Li H. The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:862-873. [PMID: 32402849 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) is not only attributed to genetic susceptibilities but also environmental factors, among which, disturbed gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention. Compositional and functional changes of gut microbiota have been reported in various AIDs, and increasing evidence suggests that disturbed gut microbiota contributes to their immunopathogenesis. The accepted mechanisms include abnormal microbial translocation, molecular mimicry, and dysregulation of both local and systemic immunity. Studies have also suggested microbiota-based classification models and therapeutic interventions for patients with AIDs. Further in-depth mechanistic studies on microbiota-autoimmunity interplay in AIDs are urgently needed and underway to explore novel and precise diagnostic biomarkers and develop disease and patient-tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China, 100730; Clinical Immunology Centre, Medical Epigenetics Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 100730.
| | - Bei-di Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China, 100730; Clinical Immunology Centre, Medical Epigenetics Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 100730
| | - Li-Dan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China, 100730
| | - Hao Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Yao Y, Cai X, Chen C, Fang H, Zhao Y, Fei W, Chen F, Zheng C. The Role of Microbiomes in Pregnant Women and Offspring: Research Progress of Recent Years. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:643. [PMID: 32457628 PMCID: PMC7225329 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a complicated and delicate process, the maternal body undergoes changes on hormones, immunity, and metabolism during pregnancy to support fetal development. Microbiomes in the human body mainly live in the intestine, and the human gut microbiomes are complex, which composed of more than 500 to 1500 different bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses. Studies have shown that these microbiomes are not only involved in the digestion and absorption of food but also indispensable in regulating host health. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that microbiomes are important for pregnant women and fetuses. During pregnancy, there will be great changes in gut microbiomes. Regulating gut microbiomes is beneficial to the health of the mother and the fetus. In addition, many complications during pregnancy are related to gut microbiomes, such as gestational diabetes, obesity, preeclampsia, digestive disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, the microbiomes in mother's milk and vagina are closely related to the colonization of microbiomes in the early life of infants. In this review, we systematically review the role of maternal microbiomes in different gestational complications, and elucidate the function and mechanism of maternal microbiomes in the neural development and immune system of offspring. These will provide a clear knowledge framework or potential research direction for researchers in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Raspini B, Porri D, De Giuseppe R, Chieppa M, Liso M, Cerbo RM, Civardi E, Garofoli F, Monti MC, Vacca M, De Angelis M, Cena H. Prenatal and postnatal determinants in shaping offspring's microbiome in the first 1000 days: study protocol and preliminary results at one month of life. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:45. [PMID: 32293504 PMCID: PMC7158098 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-0794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal programming during in utero life defines the set point of physiological and metabolic responses that lead into adulthood; events happening in "the first 1,000 days" (from conception to 2-years of age), play a role in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The infant gut microbiome is a highly dynamic organ, which is sensitive to maternal and environmental factors and is one of the elements driving intergenerational NCDs' transmission. The A.MA.MI (Alimentazione MAmma e bambino nei primi MIlle giorni) project aims at investigating the correlation between several factors, from conception to the first year of life, and infant gut microbiome composition. We described the study design of the A.MA.MI study and presented some preliminary results. METHODS A.MA.MI is a longitudinal, prospective, observational study conducted on a group of mother-infant pairs (n = 60) attending the Neonatal Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (Italy). The study was planned to provide data collected at T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively before discharge, 1,6 and 12 months after birth. Maternal and infant anthropometric measurements were assessed at each time. Other variables evaluated were: pre-pregnancy/gestational weight status (T0), maternal dietary habits/physical activity (T1-T3); infant medical history, type of feeding, antibiotics/probiotics/supplements use, environment exposures (e.g cigarette smoking, pets, environmental temperature) (T1-T3). Infant stool samples were planned to be collected at each time and analyzed using metagenomics 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence-based methods. RESULTS Birth mode (cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery) and maternal pre pregnancy BMI (BMI < 25 Kg/m2 vs. BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2), significant differences were found at genera and species levels (T0). Concerning type of feeding (breastfed vs. formula-fed), gut microbiota composition differed significantly at genus and species level (T1). CONCLUSION These preliminary and explorative results confirmed that pre-pregnancy, mode of delivery and infant factors likely impact infant microbiota composition at different levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04122612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Raspini
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Debora Porri
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Institute of Research, Castellana, 70013, Grotte, BA, Italy.,European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno EBRIS, 84125, Salerno, Italy
| | - Marina Liso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Institute of Research, Castellana, 70013, Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Cerbo
- Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Civardi
- Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Garofoli
- Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine - Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mirco Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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23
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Fuhler GM. The immune system and microbiome in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2020; 44-45:101671. [PMID: 32359685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2020.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal changes during pregnancy instigate numerous physiological changes aimed at the growth and delivery of a healthy baby. A careful balance between immunological tolerance against fetal antigens and immunity against infectious agents needs to be maintained. A three-way interaction between pregnancy hormones, the immune system and our microbiota is now emerging. Recent evidence suggests that microbial alterations seen during pregnancy may help maintain homeostasis and aid the required physiological changes occurring in pregnancy. However, these same immunological and microbial alterations may also make women more vulnerable during pregnancy and the post-partum period, especially regarding immunological and infectious diseases. Thus, a further understanding of the host-microbial interactions taking place during pregnancy may improve identification of populations at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Fuhler
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Gravendijkwal 230, 3015CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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