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Zhang Y, Cao X, Liu Q, Chen Y, Wang Y, Cong H, Li C, Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, Li L. Multi-omics analysis of Streptomyces djakartensis strain MEPS155 reveal a molecular response strategy combating Ceratocystis fimbriata causing sweet potato black rot. Food Microbiol 2024; 122:104557. [PMID: 38839221 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the potential antifungal mechanisms of rhizosphere Actinobacteria against Ceratocystis fimbriata in sweet potato, a comprehensive approach combining biochemical analyses and multi-omics techniques was employed in this study. A total of 163 bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sweet potato. Among them, strain MEPS155, identified as Streptomyces djakartensis, exhibited robust and consistent inhibition of C. fimbriata mycelial growth in in vitro dual culture assays, attributed to both cell-free supernatant and volatile organic compounds. Moreover, strain MEPS155 demonstrated diverse plant growth-promoting attributes, including the production of indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and enzymatic activities such as cellulase, chitinase, and protease. Notably, strain MEPS155 exhibited efficacy against various sweet potato pathogenic fungi. Following the inoculation of strain MEPS155, a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde content was observed in sweet potato slices, indicating a potential protective effect. The whole genome of MEPS155 was characterized by a size of 8,030,375 bp, encompassing 7234 coding DNA sequences and 32 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 1869 differentially expressed genes in the treated group that cultured with C. fimbriata, notably influencing pathways associated with porphyrin metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of type II polyketide products. These alterations in gene expression are hypothesized to be linked to the production of secondary metabolites contributing to the inhibition of C. fimbriata. Metabolomic analysis identified 1469 potential differently accumulated metabolites (PDAMs) when comparing MEPS155 and the control group. The up-regulated PDAMs were predominantly associated with the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites, including vanillin, myristic acid, and protocatechuic acid, suggesting potential inhibitory effects on plant pathogenic fungi. Our study underscores the ability of strain S. djakartensis MEPS155 to inhibit C. fimbriata growth through the production of secretory enzymes or secondary metabolites. The findings contribute to a theoretical foundation for future investigations into the role of MEPS155 in postharvest black rot prevention in sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Xiaoying Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Hao Cong
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Changgen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Yanting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China.
| | - Ludan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China.
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Ma J, Gao C, Lin M, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Li X, Zhao T, Xu X, Sun W. Control of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat with Bacillus velezensis E2 and Potential Mechanisms of Action. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:390. [PMID: 38921376 PMCID: PMC11204721 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat plants are impacted by Fusarium head blight (FHB) infection, which poses a huge threat to wheat growth, development, storage and food safety. In this study, a fungal strain was isolated from diseased wheat plants and identified as Fusarium asiaticum F1, known to be a member of the Fusarium graminearum species complex, agents causally responsible for FHB. In order to control this disease, new alternatives need to be developed for the use of antagonistic bacteria. Bacillus velezensis E2 (B. velezensis E2), isolated from a previous investigation in our laboratory, showed a notable inhibitory effect on F. asiaticum F1 growth and deoxynivalenol (DON) synthesis in grains. The spore germination of F. asiaticum F1 was significantly reduced and the spores showed vesicular structures when treated with B. velezensis E2. Observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the hyphae of F. asiaticum F1 were shrunken and broken when treated with B. velezensis E2. The RNA-seq results of F1 hyphae treated with B. velezensis E2 showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were involved in multiple metabolic pathways such as toxin synthesis, autophagy process and glycan synthesis, especially the genes associated with DON synthesis, were significantly downregulated. In summary, those results showed that B. velezensis E2 could inhibit F. asiaticum F1 growth and reduce the gene expression of DON synthesis caused by F1. This study provides new insights and antagonistic mechanisms for the biological control of FHB during wheat growth, development and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Ma
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Chen Gao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Meiwei Lin
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Zhenzhong Sun
- Jiangsu Suhe Socialized Agriculture Service Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China;
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Xin Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Xingang Xu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Weihong Sun
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.M.); (C.G.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (X.X.)
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Geng Q, Hu J, Xu P, Sun T, Qiu H, Wang S, Song F, Shen L, Li Y, Liu M, Peng X, Tian J, Yang K. The Autophagy-Related Protein ATG8 Orchestrates Asexual Development and AFB1 Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:349. [PMID: 38786704 PMCID: PMC11122632 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a conserved cellular recycling process, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis under stress conditions. It also regulates the development and virulence of numerous filamentous fungi. In this study, we investigated the specific function of ATG8, a reliable autophagic marker, in the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus flavus. To investigate the role of atg8 in A. flavus, the deletion and complemented mutants of atg8 were generated according to the homologous recombination principle. Deletion of atg8 showed a significant decrease in conidiation, spore germination, and sclerotia formation compared to the WT and atg8C strains. Additionally, aflatoxin production was found severely impaired in the ∆atg8 mutant. The stress assays demonstrated that ATG8 was important for A. flavus response to oxidative stress. The fluorescence microscopy showed increased levels of reactive oxygen species in the ∆atg8 mutant cells, and the transcriptional result also indicated that genes related to the antioxidant system were significantly reduced in the ∆atg8 mutant. We further found that ATG8 participated in regulating the pathogenicity of A. flavus on crop seeds. These results revealed the biological role of ATG8 in A. flavus, which might provide a potential target for the control of A. flavus and AFB1 biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xue Peng
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.G.); (J.H.); (P.X.); (T.S.); (H.Q.); (S.W.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Jun Tian
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.G.); (J.H.); (P.X.); (T.S.); (H.Q.); (S.W.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Kunlong Yang
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China; (Q.G.); (J.H.); (P.X.); (T.S.); (H.Q.); (S.W.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
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Chen A, Han X, Liu C, Zhou Y, Ren Y, Shen X, Shim WB, Chai Y, Ma Z, Chen Y. Profiling of deubiquitinases that control virulence in the pathogenic plant fungus Fusarium graminearum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:192-210. [PMID: 38332398 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotes have evolved sophisticated post-translational modifications to regulate protein function and numerous biological processes, including ubiquitination controlled by the coordinated action of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and deubiquitinating enzymes (Dubs). However, the function of deubiquitination in pathogenic fungi is largely unknown. Here, the distribution of Dubs in the fungal kingdom was surveyed and their functions were systematically characterized using the phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum as the model species, which causes devastating diseases of all cereal species world-wide. Our findings demonstrate that Dubs are critical for fungal development and virulence, especially the ubiquitin-specific protease 15 (Ubp15). Global ubiquitome analysis and subsequent experiments identified three important substrates of Ubp15, including the autophagy-related protein Atg8, the mitogen-activated protein kinase Gpmk1, and the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthetic protein Tri4. Ubp15 regulates the deubiquitination of the Atg8, thereby impacting its subcellular localization and the autophagy process. Moreover, Ubp15 also modulates the deubiquitination of Gpmk1 and Tri4. This modulation subsequently influences their protein stabilities and further affects the formation of penetration structures and the biosynthetic process of DON, respectively. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unknown regulatory pathway of a deubiquitinating enzyme for fungal virulence and highlight the potential of Ubp15 as a target for combating fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xingmin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xingxing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Won Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yunrong Chai
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Wang M, Wu N, Wang H, Liu C, Chen Q, Xu T, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Ma Z. Overproduction of mycotoxin biosynthetic enzymes triggers Fusarium toxisome-shaped structure formation via endoplasmic reticulum remodeling. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011913. [PMID: 38166144 PMCID: PMC10786393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by the Fusarium graminearum complex is highly toxic to animal and human health. During DON synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of F. graminearum is intensively reorganized, from thin reticular structure to thickened spherical and crescent structure, which was referred to as "DON toxisome". However, the underlying mechanism of how the ER is reorganized into toxisome remains unknown. In this study, we discovered that overproduction of ER-localized DON biosynthetic enzyme Tri4 or Tri1, or intrinsic ER-resident membrane proteins FgHmr1 and FgCnx was sufficient to induce toxisome-shaped structure (TSS) formation under non-toxin-inducing conditions. Moreover, heterologous overexpression of Tri1 and Tri4 proteins in non-DON-producing fungi F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and F. fujikuroi also led to TSS formation. In addition, we found that the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG), but not the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway was involved in the assembly of ER into TSS. By using toxisome as a biomarker, we screened and identified a novel chemical which exhibited high inhibitory activity against toxisome formation and DON biosynthesis, and inhibited Fusarium growth species-specifically. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the essence of ER remodeling into toxisome structure is a response to the overproduction of ER-localized DON biosynthetic enzymes, providing a novel pathway for management of mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningjie Wu
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaowan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianming Xu
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youfu Zhao
- Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Prosser, Washington, United States of America
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Song C, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Chen M, Zhang Y, Gao C, Jia Z, Song S, Guan J, Shang Z. Volatile organic compounds produced by Bacillus aryabhattai AYG1023 against Penicillium expansum causing blue mold on the Huangguan pear. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127531. [PMID: 37871540 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous research on Bacillus aryabhattai has mainly focused on bioremediation, biosynthesis, and promotion of plant growth, whereas the function of B. aryabhattai on antifungal activity remains to be explored. In this study, we isolated a biocontrol bacterium with antagonistic activity against post-harvest pathogenic fungi by releasing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We aimed to assess the effectiveness of VOCs produced by B. aryabhattai in prevention of the development of blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum in the Huangguan pear, and reveal the inhibitory mechanism against the pathogenic fungi. Using molecular methods, the biocontrol bacterium was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai AYG1023. 2-Nonanol was identified as the main VOC by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). It showed strong inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination when treated at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that 2-nonanol caused abnormal changes in mycelial and conidial ultrastructure. 2-Nonanol also damaged the integrity of fungal cell membranes and reduced the ergosterol content to 44.77% of P. expansum. In addition, the production of secondary metabolites in P. expansum including patulin and citrinin was significantly reduced by 2-nonanol. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 2-nonanol modulated the expression of genes involved in development, and conidiation pathways, as well as secondary metabolite biosynthesis including steroid biosynthesis, citrinin production and patulin production. Furthermore, blue mold was completely inhibited by treatment with 0.04 μL mL-1 2-nonanol for 48 h on the Huangguan pear. In conclusion, Bacillus aryabhattai AYG1023 was identified as a promising and efficient agent for controlling post-harvest diseases via the release of VOCs, and the outcome of this study lays a theoretical foundation for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Congcong Gao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuishan Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junfeng Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Ji H, Yu R, Liu H, Zhang H, Wang X, Chen J, Li Y. Metabolic Features of a Novel Trichoderma asperellum YNQJ1002 with Potent Antagonistic Activity against Fusarium graminearum. Metabolites 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37999240 PMCID: PMC10673152 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma, a well-known and extensively studied fungal genus, has gained significant attention for its remarkable antagonistic abilities against a wide range of plant pathogens. In this study, a total of 108 Trichoderma isolates were screened through in vitro dual antagonistic assays and culture filtrate inhibition against Fusarium graminearum. Of these, the YNQJ1002 displayed noteworthy inhibitory activities along with thermal stability. To validate the metabolic differences between YNQJ1002 and GZLX3001 (with strong and weak antagonism, respectively), UPLC-TOF-MS/MS mass spectrometry was employed to analyze and compare the metabolite profiles. We identified 12 significantly up-regulated metabolites in YNQJ1002, which include compounds like Trigoneoside, Torvoside, trans,trans-hepta-2,4,6-trienoic acid, and Chamazulene. These metabolites are known for their antimicrobial properties or signaling roles as components of cell membranes. Enriched KEGG analysis revealed a significant enrichment in sphingolipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism, as well as autophagy. The results demonstrated that YNQJ1002's abundance of antimicrobial substances, resulting from specific metabolic pathways, enhanced its superior antagonistic activity against F. graminearum. Finally, YNQJ1002 was identified using the ITS, tef1-1α, and rpb2 regions, with MIST system sequence matching confirming its classification within the species. Overall, we have obtained a novel strain, T. asperellum YNQJ1002, which is rich in metabolites and shows potential antagonistic activity against F. graminearum. This study has opened promising prospects for the development of innovative Trichoderma-derived antifungal compounds, featuring a unique mechanism against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ji
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruohan Yu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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8
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Wu W, Lin L, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang R. Protein modification regulated autophagy in Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1281555. [PMID: 38028759 PMCID: PMC10665574 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1281555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications refer to the chemical alterations of proteins following their biosynthesis, leading to changes in protein properties. These modifications, which encompass acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and others, are pivotal in a myriad of cellular functions. Macroautophagy, also known as autophagy, is a major degradation of intracellular components to cope with stress conditions and strictly regulated by nutrient depletion, insulin signaling, and energy production in mammals. Intriguingly, in insects, 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling predominantly stimulates the expression of most autophagy-related genes while concurrently inhibiting mTOR activity, thereby initiating autophagy. In this review, we will outline post-translational modification-regulated autophagy in insects, including Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster, in brief. A more profound understanding of the biological significance of post-translational modifications in autophagy machinery not only unveils novel opportunities for autophagy intervention strategies but also illuminates their potential roles in development, cell differentiation, and the process of learning and memory processes in both insects and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmei Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luobin Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuntao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaqin Li
- Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Yang J, Yang H, Li Y. The triple interactions between gut microbiota, mycobiota and host immunity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11604-11624. [PMID: 35776086 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2094888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is mainly composed of microbiota and mycobiota, both of which play important roles in the development of the host immune system, metabolic regulation, and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. With the increasing awareness of the pathogenic essence of infectious, immunodeficiency, and tumor-related diseases, the interactions between gut bacteria, fungi, and host immunity have been shown to directly influence the disease process or final therapeutic outcome, and collaborative and antagonistic relationships are commonly found between bacteria and fungi. Interventions represented by probiotics, prebiotics, engineered probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and drugs can effectively modulate the triple interactions. In particular, traditional probiotics represented by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and next-generation probiotics represented by Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii showed a high enrichment trend in the gut of patients with a high response to inflammation remission and tumor immunotherapy, which predicts the potential medicinal value of these beneficial microbial formulations. However, there are bottlenecks in all these interventions that need to be broken. Meanwhile, further unraveling the underlying mechanisms of the "triple interactions" model can guide precise interventions and ultimately improve the efficiency of interventions on the host gut microbiome and immune modulation, thus directly or indirectly improving anti-inflammatory and tumor immunotherapy effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Chen A, Liu N, Xu C, Wu S, Liu C, Qi H, Ren Y, Han X, Yang K, Liu X, Ma Z, Chen Y. The STRIPAK complex orchestrates cell wall integrity signalling to govern the fungal development and virulence of Fusarium graminearum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:1139-1153. [PMID: 37278525 PMCID: PMC10423325 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Striatin-interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAKs) are evolutionarily conserved supramolecular complexes that control various important cellular processes such as signal transduction and development. However, the role of the STRIPAK complex in pathogenic fungi remains elusive. In this study, the components and function of the STRIPAK complex were investigated in Fusarium graminearum, an important plant-pathogenic fungus. The results obtained from bioinformatic analyses and the protein-protein interactome suggested that the fungal STRIPAK complex consisted of six proteins: Ham2, Ham3, Ham4, PP2Aa, Ppg1, and Mob3. Deletion mutations of individual components of the STRIPAK complex were created, and observed to cause a significant reduction in fungal vegetative growth and sexual development, and dramatically attenuae virulence, excluding the essential gene PP2Aa. Further results revealed that the STRIPAK complex interacted with the mitogen-activated protein kinase Mgv1, a key component in the cell wall integrity pathway, subsequently regulating the phosphorylation level and nuclear accumulation of Mgv1 to control the fungal stress response and virulence. Our results also suggested that the STRIPAK complex was interconnected with the target of rapamycin pathway through Tap42-PP2A cascade. Taken together, our findings revealed that the STRIPAK complex orchestrates cell wall integrity signalling to govern the fungal development and virulence of F. graminearum and highlighted the importance of the STRIPAK complex in fungal virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Chenghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Siqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yiyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xingmin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Kunlong Yang
- Department of Biomedicine and Food Science, School of Life ScienceJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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11
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Chen A, Zhou Y, Ren Y, Liu C, Han X, Wang J, Ma Z, Chen Y. Ubiquitination of acetyltransferase Gcn5 contributes to fungal virulence in Fusarium graminearum. mBio 2023; 14:e0149923. [PMID: 37504517 PMCID: PMC10470610 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01499-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The histone acetyltransferase general control non-depressible 5 (Gcn5) plays a critical role in the epigenetic landscape and chromatin modification for regulating a wide variety of biological events. However, the post-translational regulation of Gcn5 itself is poorly understood. Here, we found that Gcn5 was ubiquitinated and deubiquitinated by E3 ligase Tom1 and deubiquitinating enzyme Ubp14, respectively, in the important plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Tom1 interacted with Gcn5 in the nucleus and subsequently ubiquitinated Gcn5 mainly at K252 to accelerate protein degradation. Conversely, Ubp14 deubiquitinated Gcn5 and enhanced its stability. In the deletion mutant Δubp14, protein level of Gcn5 was significantly reduced and resulted in attenuated virulence in the fungus by affecting the mycotoxin production, autophagy process, and the penetration ability. Our findings indicate that Tom1 and Ubp14 show antagonistic functions in the control of the protein stability of Gcn5 via post-translational modification and highlight the importance of Tom1-Gcn5-Ubp14 circuit in the fungal virulence. IMPORTANCE Post-translational modification (PTM) enzymes have been reported to be involved in regulating numerous cellular processes. However, the modification of these PTM enzymes themselves is largely unknown. In this study, we found that the E3 ligase Tom1 and deubiquitinating enzyme Ubp14 contributed to the regulation of ubiquitination and deubiquitination of acetyltransferase Gcn5, respectively, in Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight of cereals. Our findings provide deep insights into the modification of acetyltransferase Gcn5 and its dynamic regulation via ubiquitination and deubiquitination. To our knowledge, this work is the most comprehensive analysis of a regulatory network of ubiquitination that impinges on acetyltransferase in filamentous pathogens. Moreover, our findings are important because we present the novel roles of the Tom1-Gcn5-Ubp14 circuit in fungal virulence, providing novel possibilities and targets to control fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingmin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Liu X, Matsumoto H, Lv T, Zhan C, Fang H, Pan Q, Xu H, Fan X, Chu T, Chen S, Qiao K, Ma Y, Sun L, Wang Q, Wang M. Phyllosphere microbiome induces host metabolic defence against rice false-smut disease. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1419-1433. [PMID: 37142774 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutualistic interactions between host plants and their microbiota have the potential to provide disease resistance. Most research has focused on the rhizosphere, but it is unclear how the microbiome associated with the aerial surface of plants protects against infection. Here we identify a metabolic defence underlying the mutualistic interaction between the panicle and the resident microbiota in rice to defend against a globally prevalent phytopathogen, Ustilaginoidea virens, which causes false-smut disease. Analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer sequencing data identified keystone microbial taxa enriched in the disease-suppressive panicle, in particular Lactobacillus spp. and Aspergillus spp. Integration of these data with primary metabolism profiling, host genome editing and microbial isolate transplantation experiments revealed that plants with these taxa could resist U. virens infection in a host branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-dependent manner. Leucine, a predominant BCAA, suppressed U. virens pathogenicity by inducing apoptosis-like cell death through H2O2 overproduction. Additionally, preliminary field experiments showed that leucine could be used in combination with chemical fungicides with a 50% reduction in dose but similar efficacy to higher fungicide concentrations. These findings may facilitate protection of crops from panicle diseases prevalent at a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Haruna Matsumoto
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengfang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongda Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haorong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunlu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youning Ma
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengcen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Global Education Program for AgriScience Frontiers, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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13
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Wu Z, Shi H, Li Y, Yan F, Sun Z, Lin C, Xu M, Lin F, Kou Y, Tao Z. Transcriptional Regulation of Autophagy-Related Genes by Sin3 Negatively Modulates Autophagy in Magnaporthe oryzae. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0017123. [PMID: 37191531 PMCID: PMC10269650 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00171-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved degradation and recycling pathway in eukaryotes and is important for their normal growth and development. An appropriate status of autophagy is crucial for organisms which is tightly regulated both temporally and continuously. Transcriptional regulation of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) is an important layer in autophagy regulation. However, the transcriptional regulators and their mechanisms are still unclear, especially in fungal pathogens. Here, we identified Sin3, a component of the histone deacetylase complex, as a transcriptional repressor of ATGs and negative regulator of autophagy induction in the rice fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. A loss of SIN3 resulted in upregulated expression of ATGs and promoted autophagy with an increased number of autophagosomes under normal growth conditions. Furthermore, we found that Sin3 negatively regulated the transcription of ATG1, ATG13, and ATG17 through direct occupancy and changed levels of histone acetylation. Under nutrient-deficient conditions, the transcription of SIN3 was downregulated, and the reduced occupancy of Sin3 from those ATGs resulted in histone hyperacetylation and activated their transcription and in turn promoted autophagy. Thus, our study uncovers a new mechanism of Sin3 in modulating autophagy through transcriptional regulation. IMPORTANCE Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved metabolic process and is required for the growth and pathogenicity of phytopathogenic fungi. The transcriptional regulators and precise mechanisms of regulating autophagy, as well as whether the induction or repression of ATGs is associated with autophagy level, are still poorly understood in M. oryzae. In this study, we revealed that Sin3 acts as a transcriptional repressor of ATGs to negatively regulate autophagy level in M. oryzae. Under the nutrient-rich conditions, Sin3 inhibits autophagy with a basal level through directly repressing the transcription of ATG1-ATG13-ATG17. Upon nutrient-deficient treatment, the transcriptional level of SIN3 would decrease and dissociation of Sin3 from those ATGs associates with histone hyperacetylation and activates their transcriptional expression and in turn contributes to autophagy induction. Our findings are important as we uncover a new mechanism of Sin3 for the first time to negatively modulate autophagy at the transcriptional level in M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongling Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanbin Shi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fucheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Kou
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Jin J, Xu L, Zhang S, Jin M, Zhang P, Shen L, Chen J, Li Z, Zhao W, Liu H. Oxidative response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings to quinolone antibiotics and its correlation with phyllosphere microbes and antibiotic resistance genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161544. [PMID: 36642277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing use of veterinary antibiotics, quinolone antibiotics may enter farmland systems after livestock manure has been composted. However, the phytotoxicity mechanism of antibiotics in crops is still unclear. In this study, the oxidative responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings to three typical quinolone antibiotics and their underlying mechanisms were investigated. The bioconcentration factor values were 1.47, 0.55, and 0.23 in the levofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin treatment, respectively. The inhibitory effects on rice seedlings were in the order of levofloxacin > enrofloxacin > norfloxacin, which may be due to the high uptake of levofloxacin. The H2O2 level, MDA content, and ion leakage rate increased significantly (p < 0.05), and cell plasmolysis was observed, showing that antibiotics can cause membrane lipid peroxidation and damage the cell membrane structure. Antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) changed with the antibiotic concentration. Integrated biomarker response analysis showed that levofloxacin caused the greatest oxidative stress in rice seedlings. Transcriptomic analysis identified 5880 differentially expressed genes, and these were annotated as 20 biological functions; the greatest abundances were cellular and metabolic processes, cell part, and membrane part and organelle; SOD and CAT related genes were up-regulated. The richness and diversity of the phyllosphere microbial community decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and the microbiome changed at the phylum and genus levels. The H2O2 level was correlated with changes in phyllosphere microbial communities. The number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements decreased, while their abundance increased. In conclusion, enrofloxacin exposure not only affects the microbial community but may also affect the ARGs carried by microbes. The relative abundance of MGEs and ARGs was significantly positively correlated (R2 = 0.760, p = 0.0148), indicating that MGEs can significantly promote the spread of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojun Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Linling Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - MingKang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Luoqin Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Zhiheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Wenlu Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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15
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Wang H, Zhou Y, Xu S, Zhang B, Cernava T, Ma Z, Chen Y. Enhancement of herbicolin A production by integrated fermentation optimization and strain engineering in Pantoea agglomerans ZJU23. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:50. [PMID: 36915090 PMCID: PMC10012537 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lipopeptide herbicolin A (HA) secreted by the biocontrol agent Pantoea agglomerans ZJU23 is a promising antifungal drug to combat fungal pathogens by targeting lipid rafts, both in agricultural and clinical settings. Improvement of HA production would be of great significance in promoting its commercialization. This study aims to enhance the HA production in ZJU23 by combining fermentation optimization and strain engineering. RESULTS Based on the results in the single-factor experiments, corn steep liquor, temperature and initial pH were identified as the significant affecting factors by the Plackett-Burman design. The fermentation medium and conditions were further optimized using the Box-Behnken response surface method, and the HA production of the wild type strain ZJU23 was improved from ~ 87 mg/mL in King's B medium to ~ 211 mg/mL in HA induction (HAI) medium. A transposon library was constructed in ZJU23 to screen for mutants with higher HA production, and two transcriptional repressors for HA biosynthesis, LrhA and PurR, were identified. Disruption of the LrhA gene led to increased mRNA expression of HA biosynthetic genes, and subsequently improved about twofold HA production. Finally, the HA production reached ~ 471 mg/mL in the ΔLrhA mutant under optimized fermentation conditions, which is about 5.4 times higher than before (~ 87 mg/mL). The bacterial suspension of the ΔLrhA mutant fermented in HAI medium significantly enhanced its biocontrol efficacy against gray mold disease and Fusarium crown rot of wheat, showing equivalent control efficacies as the chemical fungicides used in this study. Furthermore, HA was effective against fungicide resistant Botrytis cinerea. Increased HA production substantially improved the control efficacy against gray mold disease caused by a pyrimethanil resistant strain. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that the transcriptional repressor LrhA negatively regulates HA biosynthesis and the defined HAI medium is suitable for HA production. These findings provide an extended basis for large-scale production of HA and promote biofungicide development based on ZJU23 and HA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunde Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Luan S, Chen Y, Wang X, Yan D, Xu J, Cui H, Huang Q. Synergy of cystamine and pyraclostrobin against Fusarium graminearum involves membrane permeability mitigation and autophagy enhancement. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105287. [PMID: 36464340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The application of fungicide mixture is one of the most important measures to extend the service life of highly selective fungicides. Pyraclostrobin (PYR), which has been extensively used to control plant diseases by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration of pathogenic fungi, is at a high risk of resistance development. In this study, the potential of PYR alone or in combination with cystamine, an inhibitor of microbial transglutaminase, to suppress Fusarium graminearum was tested in vitro and in vivo. A synergistic effect of PYR/CYS mixture was observed both in vitro and when applied to etiolated wheat coleoptile. The control effect of PYR/CYS mixture on F. graminearum was better than that of PYR alone, which was reflected by the increased protection effect. The discrepancies of membrane permeability and the redox-physiological state were observed between PYR and PYR/CYS treatments, suggesting that an increased PYR availability in F. graminearum mycelia could be related with the observed synergistic action. Moreover, a synergistic profile was observed between PYR and CYS in regard of massive autophagosomes in mycelia, indicating that enhanced autophagy could be involved in the mode of action of PYR/CYS mixture. The differential content of mitochondrial metabolites between PYR and PYR/CYS treatments also provided evidence for CYS contribution to the fungicidal action of PYR/CYS mixture. The results provide insight into the synergistic mechanism of action of PYR/CYS mixture and an effective way to enhance the efficiency of PYR to combat F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorong Luan
- College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China; Synergy Innovation Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China; Synergy Innovation Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jialin Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Hairong Cui
- College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China; Synergy Innovation Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, 430223,PR China.
| | - Qingchun Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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17
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Wang X, Wang M, Wang L, Feng H, He X, Chang S, Wang D, Wang L, Yang J, An G, Wang X, Kong L, Geng Z, Wang E. Whole-plant microbiome profiling reveals a novel geminivirus associated with soybean stay-green disease. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:2159-2173. [PMID: 35869670 PMCID: PMC9616524 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbiota colonize every accessible plant tissue and play fundamental roles in plant growth and health. Soybean stay-green syndrome (SGS), a condition that causes delayed leaf senescence (stay-green), flat pods and abnormal seeds of soybean, has become the most serious disease of soybean in China. However, the direct cause of SGS is highly debated, and little is known about how SGS affect soybean microbiome dynamics, particularly the seed microbiome. We studied the bacterial, fungal, and viral communities associated with different soybean tissues with and without SGS using a multi-omics approach, and investigated the possible pathogenic agents associated with SGS and how SGS affects the assembly and functions of plant-associated microbiomes. We obtained a comprehensive view of the composition, function, loads, diversity, and dynamics of soybean microbiomes in the rhizosphere, root, stem, leaf, pod, and seed compartments, and discovered that soybean SGS was associated with dramatically increased microbial loads and dysbiosis of the bacterial microbiota in seeds. Furthermore, we identified a novel geminivirus that was strongly associated with soybean SGS, regardless of plant cultivar, sampling location, or harvest year. This whole-plant microbiome profiling of soybean provides the first demonstration of geminivirus infection associated with microbiota dysbiosis, which might represent a general microbiological symptom of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Mingxing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Like Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Huan Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of AgricultureHenan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Shihao Chang
- Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhoukouChina
| | - Dapeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of AgricultureHenan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Guoyong An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of AgricultureHenan UniversityKaifengChina
| | | | - Lingrang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Zhen Geng
- Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhoukouChina
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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18
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Song I, Hong S, Huh SU. Identification and Expression Analysis of the Solanum tuberosum StATG8 Family Associated with the WRKY Transcription Factor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2858. [PMID: 36365311 PMCID: PMC9659186 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily well-conserved cellular catabolic pathway in eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in cellular processes. Autophagy is regulated by autophagy-associated (ATG) proteins. Among these ATG proteins, the ubiquitin-like protein ATG8/LC3 is essential for autophagosome formation and function. In this study, the potato StATG8 family showed clade I and clade II with significantly different sequences. Expression of the StATG8 family was also increased in senescence. Interestingly, the expression of the StATG8 and other core StATG genes decreased in potato tubers as the tubers matured. The StATG8 family also responded to a variety of stresses such as heat, wounding, salicylic acid, and salt stress. We also found that some Arabidopsis WRKY transcription factors interacted with the StATG8 protein in planta. Based on group II-a WRKY, StATG8-WRKY interaction is independent of the ATG8 interacting motif (AIM) or LC3 interacting region (LIR) motif. This study showed that the StATG8 family had diverse functions in tuber maturation and multiple stress responses in potatoes. Additionally, StATG8 may have an unrelated autophagy function in the nucleus with the WRKY transcription factor.
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19
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Wu P, Choo CYL, Lu H, Wei X, Chen Y, Yago JI, Chung K. Pexophagy is critical for fungal development, stress response, and virulence in Alternaria alternata. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1538-1554. [PMID: 35810316 PMCID: PMC9452759 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria alternata can resist high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The protective roles of autophagy or autophagy-mediated degradation of peroxisomes (termed pexophagy) against oxidative stress remain unclear. The present study, using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy coupled with a GFP-AaAtg8 proteolysis assay and an mCherry tagging assay with peroxisomal targeting tripeptides, demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and nitrogen depletion induced autophagy and pexophagy. Experimental evidence showed that H2 O2 triggered autophagy and the translocation of peroxisomes into the vacuoles. Mutational inactivation of the AaAtg8 gene in A. alternata led to autophagy impairment, resulting in the accumulation of peroxisomes, increased ROS sensitivity, and decreased virulence. Compared to the wild type, ΔAaAtg8 failed to detoxify ROS effectively, leading to ROS accumulation. Deleting AaAtg8 down-regulated the expression of genes encoding an NADPH oxidase and a Yap1 transcription factor, both involved in ROS resistance. Deleting AaAtg8 affected the development of conidia and appressorium-like structures. Deleting AaAtg8 also compromised the integrity of the cell wall. Reintroduction of a functional copy of AaAtg8 in the mutant completely restored all defective phenotypes. Although ΔAaAtg8 produced wild-type toxin levels in axenic culture, the mutant induced a lower level of H2 O2 and smaller necrotic lesions on citrus leaves. In addition to H2 O2 , nitrogen starvation triggered peroxisome turnover. We concluded that ΔAaAtg8 failed to degrade peroxisomes effectively, leading to the accumulation of peroxisomes and the reduction of the stress response. Autophagy-mediated peroxisome turnover could increase cell adaptability and survival under oxidative stress and starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Ching Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Celine Yen Ling Choo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Hsin‐Yu Lu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Xian‐Yong Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Kun Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jonar I. Yago
- Plant Science Department, College of AgricultureNueva Vizcaya State UniversityBayombongPhilippines
| | - Kuang‐Ren Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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20
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The CfSnt2-Dependent Deacetylation of Histone H3 Mediates Autophagy and Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090974. [PMID: 36135699 PMCID: PMC9506038 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia oleifera is one of the most valuable woody edible-oil crops, and anthracnose seriously afflicts its yield and quality. We recently showed that the CfSnt2 regulates the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola, the dominant causal agent of anthracnose on C. oleifera. However, the molecular mechanisms of CfSnt2-mediated pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we found that CfSnt2 is localized to the nucleus to regulate the deacetylation of histone H3. The further transcriptomic analysis revealed that CfSnt2 mediates the expression of global genes, including most autophagy-related genes. Furthermore, we provided evidence showing that CfSnt2 negatively regulates autophagy and is involved in the responses to host-derived ROS and ER stresses. These combined functions contribute to the pivotal roles of CfSnt2 on pathogenicity. Taken together, our studies not only illustrate how CfSnt2 functions in the nucleus, but also link its roles on the autophagy and responses to host-derived stresses with pathogenicity in C. fructicola.
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21
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Xing B, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Liu X, Li L, Mou C, Wu Q, Guo H, Shao Q. Biocontrol: Endophytic bacteria could be crucial to fight soft rot disease in the rare medicinal herb, Anoectochilus roxburghii. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2929-2941. [PMID: 36099393 PMCID: PMC9733646 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial destabilization induced by pathogen infection has severely affected plant quality and output, such as Anoectochilus roxburghii, an economically important herb. Soft rot is the main disease that occurs during A. roxburghii culturing. However, the key members of pathogens and their interplay with non-detrimental microorganisms in diseased plants remain largely unsolved. Here, by utilizing a molecular ecological network approach, the interactions within bacterial communities in endophytic compartments and the surrounding soils during soft rot infection were investigated. Significant differences in bacterial diversity and community composition between healthy and diseased plants were observed, indicating that the endophytic communities were strongly influenced by pathogen invasion. Endophytic stem communities of the diseased plants were primarily derived from roots and the root endophytes were largely derived from rhizosphere soils, which depicts a possible pathogen migration image from soils to roots and finally the stems. Furthermore, interactions among microbial members indicated that pathogen invasion might be aided by positively correlated native microbial members, such as Enterobacter and Microbacterium, who may assist in colonization and multiplication through a mutualistic relationship in roots during the pathogen infection process. Our findings will help open new avenues for developing more accurate strategies for biological control of A. roxburghii bacterial soft rot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Man Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xinting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chenhao Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qichao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Qingsong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
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22
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Li L, Li Y, Lu K, Chen R, Jiang J. Bacillus subtilis KLBMPGC81 suppresses appressorium-mediated plant infection by altering the cell wall integrity signaling pathway and multiple cell biological processes in Magnaporthe oryzae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:983757. [PMID: 36159636 PMCID: PMC9504064 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.983757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive crop pathogens in the world, causing huge losses in rice harvest every year. Bacillus subtilis is a potential biocontrol agent that has been explored in many crop systems because it is a potent producer of bioactive compounds. However, the mechanisms by which these agents control rice blasts are not fully understood. We show that B. subtilis KLBMPGC81 (KC81) and its supernatant (SUP) have high antimicrobial activity against M. oryzae strain Guy11. To better exploit KC81 as a biocontrol agent, the mechanism by which KC81 suppresses rice blast pathogens was investigated. This study shows that KC81 SUP is effective in controlling rice blast disease. The SUP has a significant effect on suppressing the growth of M. oryzae and appressorium-mediated plant infection. KC81 SUP compromises cell wall integrity, microtubules and actin cytoskeleton, mitosis, and autophagy, all of which are required for M. oryzae growth, appressorium development, and host infection. We further show that the SUP reduces the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc2 by enhancing the phosphorylation of Cdc2 Tyr 15, thereby impairing mitosis in M. oryzae cells. SUP induces the cell wall sensor MoWsc1 to activate the cell wall integrity pathway and Mps1 and Pmk1 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Taken together, our findings reveal that KC81 is an effective fungicide that suppresses M. oryzae growth, appressorium formation, and host infection by abnormally activating the cell wall integrity pathway, disrupting the cytoskeleton, mitosis, and autophagy.
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23
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Jia M, Sun X, Chen M, Liu S, Zhou J, Peng X. Deciphering the microbial diversity associated with healthy and wilted Paeonia suffruticosa rhizosphere soil. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967601. [PMID: 36060757 PMCID: PMC9432862 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant health is closely related to the soil, where microorganisms play a critical and unique role. For instance, Paeonia suffruticosa is an emerging woody oil crop in China with attractive development and utilization prospects. However, black root rot causes wilting of the aboveground plant parts, which significantly affected its seed yield and quality. Studies found that soil microorganisms are critical in maintaining plant health, but how changes in the soil microbial communities affect the healthy and diseased oil peony is unclear. Therefore, our present study used high throughput sequencing and BIOLOG to analyze the rhizosphere soil microbial communities of healthy and diseased oil peonies. Our results revealed that the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the diseased plants had changed, with the ability to metabolize the carbon source being enhanced. Moreover, our research highlighted that the oil peony-infecting fungal pathogenic genus (Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon, and Neocosmospora) was closely associated with oil peony yield reduction and disease aggravation. Further network analysis demonstrated that the bacterial and fungal networks of the diseased plants were more complex than those of the healthy plants. Finally, the inter-kingdom network among the diseased plants further indicated that the lesions destroyed the network and increased the intraspecific correlation between the fungal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Jia
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxing Zhou
- Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiawei Peng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Safety in Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiawei Peng, ,
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24
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Histone Acetyltransferase CfGcn5-Mediated Autophagy Governs the Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola. mBio 2022; 13:e0195622. [PMID: 35975920 PMCID: PMC9600425 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01956-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia oleifera is a woody edible-oil plant in China, and anthracnose occurs wherever it is grown, causing serious losses each year. We previously identified that the histone acetyltransferase CfGcn5 orchestrates growth, development, and pathogenicity in Colletotrichum fructicola, the major causal agent of anthracnose on C. oleifera. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we conducted a transcriptome analysis and found that CfGcn5 is mainly involved in ribosomes, catalytic and metabolic processes, primary metabolism, and autophagy. In addition, we provided evidence showing that CfGcn5 serves as an autophagy repressor to mediate the expression of many autophagy-related genes (ATG) and undergoes degradation during autophagy. Moreover, we found that the CfATG8 and CfATG9 gene-deletion mutants had defects in mitosis and autophagy, resulting in their decreased appressoria formation rates and lower turgor pressure. These combined effects caused the failure of their appressoria functions and caused defects on their pathogenicity, revealing the importance of autophagy in pathogenicity. Taken together, our study illustrates that the autophagy repressor CfGcn5 undergoes degradation in order to regulate autophagy-dependent pathogenicity in C. fructicola.
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25
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Álvarez M, Núñez F, Delgado J, Andrade MJ, Rodrigues P. Proteomic evaluation of the effect of antifungal agents on aspergillus westerdijkiae ochratoxin A production in a dry-cured fermented sausage-based medium. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 379:109858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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26
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Tian Y, Zhang D, Cai P, Lin H, Ying H, Hu QN, Wu A. Elimination of Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) via microbial and enzymatic strategies: Current status and future perspectives. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Zhou Y, Wang H, Xu S, Liu K, Qi H, Wang M, Chen X, Berg G, Ma Z, Cernava T, Chen Y. Bacterial-fungal interactions under agricultural settings: from physical to chemical interactions. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:22. [PMID: 37676347 PMCID: PMC10442017 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi are dominant members of environmental microbiomes. Various bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) and their mutual regulation are important factors for ecosystem functioning and health. Such interactions can be highly dynamic, and often require spatiotemporally resolved assessments to understand the interplay which ranges from antagonism to mutualism. Many of these interactions are still poorly understood, especially in terms of the underlying chemical and molecular interplay, which is crucial for inter-kingdom communication and interference. BFIs are highly relevant under agricultural settings; they can be determinative for crop health. Advancing our knowledge related to mechanisms underpinning the interactions between bacteria and fungi will provide an extended basis for biological control of pests and pathogens in agriculture. Moreover, it will facilitate a better understanding of complex microbial community networks that commonly occur in nature. This will allow us to determine factors that are crucial for community assembly under different environmental conditions and pave the way for constructing synthetic communities for various biotechnological applications. Here, we summarize the current advances in the field of BFIs with an emphasis on agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sunde Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengcen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyulong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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28
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Yang K, Tian J, Keller NP. Post-translational modifications drive secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Aspergillus: a review. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2857-2881. [PMID: 35645150 PMCID: PMC9545273 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) are important for protein function and regulate multiple cellular processes and secondary metabolites (SMs) in fungi. Aspergillus species belong to a genus renown for an abundance of bioactive secondary metabolites, many important as toxins, pharmaceuticals and in industrial production. The genes required for secondary metabolites are typically co‐localized in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which often localize in heterochromatic regions of genome and are ‘turned off’ under laboratory condition. Efforts have been made to ‘turn on’ these BGCs by genetic manipulation of histone modifications, which could convert the heterochromatic structure to euchromatin. Additionally, non‐histone PTMs also play critical roles in the regulation of secondary metabolism. In this review, we collate the known roles of epigenetic and PTMs on Aspergillus SM production. We also summarize the proteomics approaches and bioinformatics tools for PTM identification and prediction and provide future perspectives on the emerging roles of PTM on regulation of SM biosynthesis in Aspergillus and other fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, USA
| | - Jun Tian
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, USA
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29
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Bandyopadhyay P, Yadav BG, Kumar SG, Kumar R, Kogel KH, Kumar S. Piriformospora indica and Azotobacter chroococcum Consortium Facilitates Higher Acquisition of N, P with Improved Carbon Allocation and Enhanced Plant Growth in Oryza sativa. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050453. [PMID: 35628709 PMCID: PMC9146537 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The soil microbiome contributes to nutrient acquisition and plant adaptation to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Numerous studies have been conducted over the past decade showing that plants take up nutrients better when associated with fungi and additional beneficial bacteria that promote plant growth, but the mechanisms by which the plant host benefits from this tripartite association are not yet fully understood. In this article, we report on a synergistic interaction between rice (Oryza sativa), Piriformospora indica (an endophytic fungus colonizing the rice roots), and Azotobacter chroococcum strain W5, a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium. On the basis of mRNA expression analysis and enzymatic activity, we found that co-inoculation of plant roots with the fungus and the rhizobacterium leads to enhanced plant growth and improved nutrient uptake compared to inoculation with either of the two microbes individually. Proteome analysis of O. sativa further revealed that proteins involved in nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism are upregulated and improve nitrogen and phosphate uptake. Our results also show that A. chroococcum supports colonization of rice roots by P. indica, and consequentially, the plants are more resistant to biotic stress upon co-colonization. Our research provides detailed insights into the mechanisms by which microbial partners synergistically promote each other in the interaction while being associated with the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Bandyopadhyay
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Bal Govind Yadav
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Srinivasan Ganesh Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Rahul Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Karl-Heinz Kogel
- Institute for Phytopathology, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Shashi Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence:
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30
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Sun Z, Ma Y, Liu Y, Lv J, Wang D, You Z, Jiang C, Sheng Q, Nie Z. The Acetylation Modification of SP1 Regulates the Protein Stability in Silkworm. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:1621-1635. [PMID: 34826090 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is a highly conservative and reversible post-translational modification. Acetylation modification can regulate gene expression by altering protein function and is widely identified in an increasing number of species. Previously, the acetylated proteome of silkworm was identified by combining acetylated polypeptide enrichment with nano-HPLC/MS/MS; the identification revealed that the SP proteins (SPs) were high acetylated. In this study, the acetylation of SP1, one of the SPs, was further confirmed using immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western blotting. Then, we found the acetylation could upregulate SP1 protein expression by enhancing the protein stability. Further research found that the acetylation of SP1 protein can competitively inhibit its ubiquitination and thus improve the stability and cell accumulation of SP1 protein by inhibiting the ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation pathway. This result provides a basis for acetylation to regulate the nutrient storage and utilization of silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yafei Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Zhejiang Economic & Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiao Lv
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhengying You
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Caiying Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qing Sheng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zuoming Nie
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Sella L, Govind R, Caracciolo R, Quarantin A, Vu VV, Tundo S, Nguyen HM, Favaron F, Musetti R, De Zotti M. Transcriptomic and Ultrastructural Analyses of Pyricularia Oryzae Treated With Fungicidal Peptaibol Analogs of Trichoderma Trichogin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:753202. [PMID: 34721357 PMCID: PMC8551967 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.753202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-friendly analogs of Trichogin GA IV, a short peptaibol produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum, were assayed against Pyricularia oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease. In vitro and in vivo screenings allowed us to identify six peptides able to reduce by about 70% rice blast symptoms. One of the most active peptides was selected for further studies. Microscopy analyses highlighted that the treated fungal spores could not germinate and the fluorescein-labeled peptide localized on the spore cell wall and in the agglutinated cytoplasm. Transcriptomic analysis was carried out on P. oryzae mycelium 3 h after the peptide treatment. We identified 1,410 differentially expressed genes, two-thirds of which upregulated. Among these, we found genes involved in oxidative stress response, detoxification, autophagic cell death, cell wall biogenesis, degradation and remodeling, melanin and fatty acid biosynthesis, and ion efflux transporters. Molecular data suggest that the trichogin analogs cause cell wall and membrane damages and induce autophagic cell death. Ultrastructure observations on treated conidia and hyphae confirmed the molecular data. In conclusion, these selected peptides seem to be promising alternative molecules for developing effective bio-pesticides able to control rice blast disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sella
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rakshita Govind
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Caracciolo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Quarantin
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Van V Vu
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Silvio Tundo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Hung Minh Nguyen
- Center for Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Francesco Favaron
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Department of Chemistry (DISC), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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32
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Wang J, Liu C, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Ma Z. Protein acetylation and deacetylation in plant-pathogen interactions. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:4841-4855. [PMID: 34398483 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein acetylation and deacetylation catalysed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and deacetylases (KDACs), respectively, are major mechanisms regulating various cellular processes. During the fight between microbial pathogens and host plants, both apply a set of measures, including acetylation interference, to strengthen themselves while suppressing the other. In this review, we first summarize KATs and KDACs in plants and their pathogens. Next, we introduce diverse acetylation and deacetylation mechanisms affecting protein functions, including the regulation of enzyme activity and specificity, protein-protein or protein-DNA interactions, subcellular localization and protein stability. We then focus on the current understanding of acetylation and deacetylation in plant-pathogen interactions. Additionally, we also discuss potential acetylation-related approaches for controlling plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youfu Zhao
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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