1
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Scherübl H. [Early detection of sporadic pancreatic cancer]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2024; 62:412-419. [PMID: 37827502 DOI: 10.1055/a-2114-9847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic cancer is rising. At present, pancreatic cancer is the third most common cancer-causing death in Germany, but it is expected to become the second in 2030 and finally the leading cause of cancer death in 2050. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PC) is generally diagnosed at advanced stages, and 5-year-survival has remained poor. Early detection of sporadic PC at stage IA, however, can yield a 5-year-survival rate of about 80%. Early detection initiatives aim at identifying persons at high risk. People with new-onset diabetes at age 50 or older have attracted much interest. Novel strategies regarding how to detect sporadic PC at an early stage are being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Scherübl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin; Gastroenterol., GI Onkol. u. Infektiol., Vivantes Klinikum Am Urban, Berlin, Germany
- Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Charité, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Singh S, Sawal A. Comprehensive Review on Pancreatic Head Cancer: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges in the Quest for Improved Survival. Cureus 2024; 16:e54290. [PMID: 38500905 PMCID: PMC10945288 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the complexities surrounding pancreatic head cancer, a highly fatal and challenging-to-treat illness with a survival rate of less than five years. Despite being a major contributor to cancer-related deaths, pancreatic head malignancy often eludes early detection due to its posterior location and high metastatic potential. The review delves into the associated symptoms, including gastric outlet obstruction and obstructive jaundice, highlighting the impact on the patient's eligibility for surgery. Examining recent advancements, the article discusses fast-track surgery recovery programs and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches, acknowledging the unique challenges posed by the immunosuppressive environment of pancreatic head cancer. Additionally, the review elucidates the intricate relationship between pancreatic cancer and glucose levels, emphasizing the role of islets of Langerhans in insulin production. The pathogenesis section explores lifestyle and genetic factors contributing to pancreatic head carcinoma, shedding light on risk factors such as smoking, obesity, diabetes, and hereditary predispositions. The extensive analysis of pancreatic cancer diagnosis methods encompasses imaging techniques, biopsies, and biomarkers, emphasizing the challenges posed by late-stage diagnoses. Addressing treatment modalities, the review emphasizes the significance of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. The intricate details of neoadjuvant, immunotherapy, and microbial therapy provide a comprehensive understanding of evolving treatment strategies. The review concludes by highlighting promising areas of research, including oncolytic viral therapy and gene editing technology, aiming to enhance the limited treatment options for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Singh
- Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Anupama Sawal
- Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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3
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Wang Q, Fan X, Wu S, Su X. PM-CNN: microbiome status recognition and disease detection model based on phylogeny and multi-path neural network. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2024; 4:vbae013. [PMID: 38371919 PMCID: PMC10873578 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Motivation The human microbiome, found throughout various body parts, plays a crucial role in health dynamics and disease development. Recent research has highlighted microbiome disparities between patients with different diseases and healthy individuals, suggesting the microbiome's potential in recognizing health states. Traditionally, microbiome-based status classification relies on pre-trained machine learning (ML) models. However, most ML methods overlook microbial relationships, limiting model performance. Results To address this gap, we propose PM-CNN (Phylogenetic Multi-path Convolutional Neural Network), a novel phylogeny-based neural network model for multi-status classification and disease detection using microbiome data. PM-CNN organizes microbes based on their phylogenetic relationships and extracts features using a multi-path convolutional neural network. An ensemble learning method then fuses these features to make accurate classification decisions. We applied PM-CNN to human microbiome data for status and disease detection, demonstrating its significant superiority over existing ML models. These results provide a robust foundation for microbiome-based state recognition and disease prediction in future research and applications. Availability and implementation PM-CNN software is available at https://github.com/qdu-bioinfo/PM_CNN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Shunyao Wu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoquan Su
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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4
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Qin YM, Sha J. Progress in understanding of relationship between intestinal microecology and pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:1001-1006. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i24.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the association between the gut microbiota (GM) and pancreatic cancer (PC) has attracted extensive attention. Studies have shown that the oral, intestinal, and pancreatic microbiota of PC patients is different from that of healthy people, showing different characteristics. On this basis, the application of characteristic GM and its metabolites as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of PC holds great potential. Intestinal microecological therapy targeting the GM, such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, may affect the response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, to improve the prognosis. In this paper, we review the role of the GM in PC development, early diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Meng Qin
- Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Sha
- Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
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5
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Gualtieri P, Cianci R, Frank G, Pizzocaro E, De Santis GL, Giannattasio S, Merra G, Butturini G, De Lorenzo A, Di Renzo L. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Nutrition: Exploring the Role of Diet and Gut Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:4465. [PMID: 37892540 PMCID: PMC10610120 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing worldwide. The most common form is represented by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) which has been shown to be linked to chronic inflammation. Notably, the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical player in regulating immune responses and inflammation. Indeed, intestinal dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in the gut microbiota composition, can contribute to the initiation of chronic inflammation. Sterile chronic inflammation can occur, probably activated by the translocation of bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of Gram-negative microbiota, with the consequent induction of innate mucosal immunity, through the activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Furthermore, the interaction between LPS and TLRs could enhance cancer progression. Recent research has shed light on the pivotal role of nutrition, as a modifiable risk factor, in PDAC immunological processes, particularly focusing on the immuno-modulatory effects of the gut microbiota. Different dietary regimens, fiber intake, immunonutrients, and antioxidants have the potential to either exacerbate or mitigate chronic inflammation, thereby influencing the pathogenesis and natural history of PDAC. These dietary components may affect the gut microbiota composition and, consequently, the level of inflammation, either promoting or protecting against PDAC. In this review of reviews, we discuss the modulatory role of nutrition and the gut microbiota in PDAC's immunological processes to explore a translational therapeutic approach that could improve the survival and quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gualtieri
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy (G.M.); (L.D.R.)
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Frank
- School of Specialization in Food Science, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (E.P.); (S.G.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Erica Pizzocaro
- School of Specialization in Food Science, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (E.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Gemma Lou De Santis
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Giannattasio
- School of Specialization in Food Science, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (E.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Merra
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy (G.M.); (L.D.R.)
| | - Giovanni Butturini
- Division of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Surgery, P. Pederzoli Hospital, Via Monte Baldo 24, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy (G.M.); (L.D.R.)
| | - Laura Di Renzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy (G.M.); (L.D.R.)
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6
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Pan C, Liu C, Jia W, Zhao D, Chen X, Zhu X, Yang M, Wang L. Alcohol drinking alters oral microbiota to modulate the progression of alcohol-related liver disease. iScience 2023; 26:107977. [PMID: 37810215 PMCID: PMC10558787 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of liver-related death worldwide. However, roles of oral microbiota in regulating the progression of ALD remain unknown. Here, we fed mice with control or ethanol diet to establish chronic-plus-binge ALD model. 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing was performed on oral and cecum samples. We demonstrated that alcohol drinking influenced bacterial richness, microbial structure, and composition in oral samples of ethanol-fed mice compared with control mice. Alcohol consumption also remodeled relationships among oral microbes and altered functions of oral microbiota. Furthermore, oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus, Helicobacter, Alloprevotella, and Psychrobacter were closely associated with ALD parameters. Finally, we observed Sutterellaceae_uncultured, Dyella, and Gemmatimonas possibly translocated along with oral-gut axis and positively correlated with the severity of ALD. Altogether, alcohol consumption reprogramed composition and functions of oral microbiota to promote ALD progression, suggesting that oral microbes might become a new target for ALD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenxin Jia
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Xiaoshan Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Maohui Yang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lirui Wang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
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7
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Bruno JS, Fregnani ER. Oral microbiome as a new research-target for supportive care and precision oncology. Curr Opin Oncol 2023; 35:276-281. [PMID: 37222190 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A growing number of studies demonstrate the oral bacterial shift in cancer patients and the enrichment of oral bacteria in distant tumours. During the oncological treatment, opportunistic oral bacteria correlate with oral toxicities. This review focused on the most recent studies to identify which genera are the most mentioned and deserved further investigation. RECENT FINDINGS This review evaluated bacterial changes in patients with head and neck, colorectal, lung and breast cancer. Greater composition of disease-related genera (e.g., Fusobacterium , Porphyromonas , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , and Parvimonas ) are present in the oral cavity of these groups of patients. The tumour specimen characterisation of head and neck, pancreatic and colorectal cancer also describes the presence of oral taxa. No evidence indicates that commensal oral bacteria have protective roles in distant tumours. Regardless, oral care is critical to prevent the growth of oral pathogens and reduce infection foci. SUMMARY Recent evidence suggests that oral microbiota is a potential biomarker for oncological clinical outcomes and oral toxicities. Currently, the literature presents a remarkable methodological variety - from the sample collection site to the preference of the data analysis tools. For the oral microbiome to achieve the stage of being used as a clinical tool in the oncological context, more studies are necessary.
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8
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Yamada R, Tsuboi J, Murashima Y, Tanaka T, Nose K, Nakagawa H. Advances in the Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Premalignant Pancreatic Lesions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1687. [PMID: 37371782 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human malignancies, in part because it is often diagnosed at late stages when surgery and systemic therapies are either unfeasible or ineffective. Therefore, diagnosing pancreatic cancer in earlier stages is important for effective treatment. However, because the signs and symptoms may be nonspecific and not apparent until the disease is at a late stage, the timely diagnoses of pancreatic cancer can be difficult to achieve. Recent studies have shown that selective screening and increased usage of biomarkers could improve the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in the early detection of pancreatic ductal carcinoma and precancerous lesions. These include innovations in imaging modalities, the diagnostic utility of various biomarkers, biopsy techniques, and population-based surveillance approaches. Additionally, we discuss how machine learning methods are being applied to develop integrated methods of identifying individuals at high risk of developing pancreatic disease. In the future, the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients could be improved by the development and adoption of these new methods and techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Junya Tsuboi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yumi Murashima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kenji Nose
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hayato Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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9
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McKinley KNL, Herremans KM, Riner AN, Vudatha V, Freudenberger DC, Hughes SJ, Triplett EW, Trevino JG. Translocation of Oral Microbiota into the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumor Microenvironment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1466. [PMID: 37374966 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral dysbiosis has long been associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this work, we explore the relationship between the oral and tumor microbiomes of patients diagnosed with PDAC. Salivary and tumor microbiomes were analyzed using a variety of sequencing methods, resulting in a high prevalence and relative abundance of oral bacteria, particularly Veillonella and Streptococcus, within tumor tissue. The most prevalent and abundant taxon found within both saliva and tumor tissue samples, Veillonella atypica, was cultured from patient saliva, sequenced and annotated, identifying genes that potentially contribute to tumorigenesis. High sequence similarity was observed between sequences recovered from patient matched saliva and tumor tissue, indicating that the taxa found in PDAC tumors may derive from the mouth. These findings may have clinical implications in the care and treatment of patients diagnosed with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley N L McKinley
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kelly M Herremans
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Andrea N Riner
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Vignesh Vudatha
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Devon C Freudenberger
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Steven J Hughes
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jose G Trevino
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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10
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Li Z, Fu R, Huang X, Wen X, Zhang L. A decade of progress: bibliometric analysis of trends and hotspots in oral microbiome research (2013-2022). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1195127. [PMID: 37249977 PMCID: PMC10213461 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1195127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past decade, a plethora of studies have delved into the oral microbiome. Our objective was to evaluate the trends in oral microbiome research employing a quantitative approach. Materials and methods We extracted clinical studies on the oral microbiome published between 2013 and 2022 from the Web of Science database, yielding 3024 articles. The assembled literature was visually scrutinized using VOSviewer 1.6.18, Citespace 6.1.6, Pajek, Scimago Graphica, and other specialized software to assess authors, institutions, countries, journals, co-cited literature, keywords, genes, and diseases. Results Our analysis identified a total of 3024 articles. The volume and rate of annual publications steadily increased, with research interest in the oral microbiome progressively intensifying. The United States, China, and the UK contributed the highest number of publications. Growth rates of publications varied among countries over time. The Forsyth Institute emerged as the most collaborative institution, boasting the highest number of relevant papers (135) and securing the top rank, followed by Sichuan University and Harvard University. Paster Bruce J, Zhou Xuedong, and He Xuesong were pioneers in the field of oral microbiome research. This analysis demonstrates that the homeostatic balance of the oral microbiome, advanced microbial sequencing technology, connections with gut microbiota, and tumorigenesis, including oral cancer, have become emerging topics in the oral microbiome field. Conclusions This study delineated a comprehensive landscape of hotspots and frontiers in oral microbiome research, thus facilitating the identification of interdisciplinary advancements. We sincerely hope that our bibliometric analysis will enable researchers to leverage the oral microbiome to ultimately improve human oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrui Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Xutao Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
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11
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Morrison AG, Sarkar S, Umar S, Lee STM, Thomas SM. The Contribution of the Human Oral Microbiome to Oral Disease: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:318. [PMID: 36838283 PMCID: PMC9962706 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome is an emerging field that has been a topic of discussion since the development of next generation sequencing and the implementation of the human microbiome project. This article reviews the current literature surrounding the oral microbiome, briefly highlighting most recent methods of microbiome characterization including cutting edge omics, databases for the microbiome, and areas with current gaps in knowledge. This article also describes reports on microorganisms contained in the oral microbiome which include viruses, archaea, fungi, and bacteria, and provides an in-depth analysis of their significant roles in tissue homeostasis. Finally, we detail key bacteria involved in oral disease, including oral cancer, and the current research surrounding their role in stimulation of inflammatory cytokines, the role of gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal disease, the creation of a network of interactions between microorganisms, the influence of the planktonic microbiome and cospecies biofilms, and the implications of antibiotic resistance. This paper provides a comprehensive literature analysis while also identifying gaps in knowledge to enable future studies to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Gregory Morrison
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Soumyadev Sarkar
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sonny T. M. Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
- 1717 Claflin Road, 136 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Departments of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- 3901 Rainbow Blvd., 4031 Wahl Hall East, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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12
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Ungureanu BS, Gheorghe DN, Nicolae FM, Râmboiu S, Radu PA, Șurlin VM, Strâmbu VDE, Gheonea DI, Roman A, Șurlin P. Could there be an interplay between periodontal changes and pancreatic malignancies? World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:545-555. [PMID: 36793639 PMCID: PMC9923858 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i3.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "periodontal disease" refers to a group of chronic inflammatory illnesses caused by specific microorganisms from subgingival biofilm, that affect the tooth-supporting tissues. Recent research has also shown that periodontal infection plays a role in aggravating systemic disease states at distal sites, reinforcing the significance of the oral cavity for general health. Additionally, it has been suggested that gastroenterological malignancies may be promoted by hematogenous, enteral or lymphatic translocation of periopathogens. In the past 25 years, the global burden of pancreatic cancer (PC) has more than doubled, making it one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality. Periodontitis has been linked to at least 50% increased risk of PC and it could be considered a risk factor for this malignancy. A recent study performed on 59000 African American women with a follow up of 21 years showed that participants who had poor dental health had higher chances of PC. The findings, according to researchers, might be related to the inflammation that some oral bacteria trigger. Regarding the mortality of PC, periodontitis considerably raises the chance of dying from PC. Microbiome alterations in the gut, oral cavity and pancreatic tissues of PC patients occur when compared to healthy flora, demonstrating a link between PC and microecology. Inflammation may also contribute to PC development, although the underlying pathway is not yet known. The function of the microbiome in PC risk has drawn more focus over the last decade. Future risk of PC has been linked to the oral microbiome, specifically increased levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and decreased relative abundance of Leptotrichia and Fusobacteria, suggesting that it may have an impact on the inflammatory condition by expanding, altering, and regulating the commensal microbiome. Patients who received periodontal treatment had significantly decreased incidence rate ratios for PC. By analyzing patterns in the microbiome composition throughout PC development and establishing strategies to enhance the cancer-associated microbial system, we can increase the efficacy of therapy and eventually find an application for the microbial system. The development of immunogenomics and gut micro-genomics in the life sciences will result in a significant advancement in our understanding of how microbial systems and immunotherapy interact, and it may also have intriguing therapeutic implications for extending the lifetime of PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Dorin Nicolae Gheorghe
- Department of Periodontology, Research Center of Periodontal-Systemic Implications, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Flavia Mirela Nicolae
- Department of Periodontology, Research Center of Periodontal-Systemic Implications, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Sandu Râmboiu
- Department 1st of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Petru Adrian Radu
- Department of General Surgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020021, Romania
| | - Valeriu Marin Șurlin
- Department 1st of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Victor Dan Eugen Strâmbu
- Department of General Surgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020021, Romania
| | - Dan Ionut Gheonea
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
| | - Petra Șurlin
- Department of Periodontology, Research Center of Periodontal-Systemic Implications, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania
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Bessa LJ, Botelho J, Machado V, Alves R, Mendes JJ. Managing Oral Health in the Context of Antimicrobial Resistance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416448. [PMID: 36554332 PMCID: PMC9778414 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The oral microbiome plays a major role in shaping oral health/disease state; thus, a main challenge for dental practitioners is to preserve or restore a balanced oral microbiome. Nonetheless, when pathogenic microorganisms install in the oral cavity and are incorporated into the oral biofilm, oral infections, such as gingivitis, dental caries, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis, can arise. Several prophylactic and treatment approaches are available nowadays, but most of them have been antibiotic-based. Given the actual context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic stewardship in dentistry would be a beneficial approach to optimize and avoid inappropriate or even unnecessary antibiotic use, representing a step towards precision medicine. Furthermore, the development of new effective treatment options to replace the need for antibiotics is being pursued, including the application of photodynamic therapy and the use of probiotics. In this review, we highlight the advances undergoing towards a better understanding of the oral microbiome and oral resistome. We also provide an updated overview of how dentists are adapting to better manage the treatment of oral infections given the problem of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda J. Bessa
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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14
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From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10112291. [DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial wasting syndrome associated with skeletal muscle and adipose tissue loss, as well as decreased appetite. It affects approximately half of all cancer patients and leads to a decrease in treatment efficacy, quality of life, and survival. The human microbiota has been implicated in the onset and propagation of cancer cachexia. Dysbiosis, or the imbalance of the microbial communities, may lead to chronic systemic inflammation and contribute to the clinical phenotype of cachexia. Though the relationship between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and cachexia has been previously studied, the oral microbiome remains largely unexplored. As the initial point of digestion, the oral microbiome plays an important role in regulating systemic health. Oral dysbiosis leads to the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an imbalance in natural flora, which in turn may contribute to muscle wasting associated with cachexia. Reinstating this equilibrium with the use of prebiotics and probiotics has the potential to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from cancer-related cachexia.
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15
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Bartolini I, Nannini G, Risaliti M, Matarazzo F, Moraldi L, Ringressi MN, Taddei A, Amedei A. Impact of microbiota-immunity axis in pancreatic cancer management. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4527-4539. [PMID: 36157926 PMCID: PMC9476869 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i32.4527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota impact on human diseases is well-known, and a growing body of literature is providing evidence about the complex interplay between microbiota-immune system-human physiology/pathology, including cancers. Together with the defined risk factors (e.g., smoke habits, diet, diabetes, and obesity), the oral, gut, biliary, and intrapancreatic microbiota contribute to pancreatic cancer development through different pathways including the interaction with the immune system. Unfortunately, a great majority of the pancreatic cancer patients received a diagnosis in advanced stages not amenable to be radically treated and potentially cured. Given the poor pancreatic cancer prognosis, complete knowledge of these complicated relationships could help researchers better understand the disease pathogenesis and thus provide early potential non-invasive biomarkers, new therapeutic targets, and tools for risk stratification that might result in greater therapeutic possibilities and eventually in a better and longer patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Bartolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, HPB Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Matteo Risaliti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, HPB Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Francesco Matarazzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, HPB Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Luca Moraldi
- Division of Oncologic Surgery, Department of Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze 50134, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Ringressi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, HPB Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, HPB Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
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16
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Zaura E. A Commentary on the Potential Use of Oral Microbiome in Prediction, Diagnosis or Prognostics of a Distant Pathology. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10090156. [PMID: 36135151 PMCID: PMC9498190 DOI: 10.3390/dj10090156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In health, the oral microbiome is in balance with its host. If this balance is lost, this symbiosis is replaced by dysbiotic microbial communities, which are thought to affect the rest of the body either directly or via metabolites or pro-inflammatory molecules. The association of oral microbiome with general health has led to attempts to use oral microbial biomarkers for the prediction, diagnosis or prognosis of distant pathologies such as colorectal carcinoma or pancreatic cancer. These attempts however have no chance to succeed if the complexity of the oral ecosystem and the interplay of environmental, behavioral and biological factors is not taken into account. Standardized, well-documented oral sample collection procedures together with detailed clinical oral examination and behavioral data are the prerequisites for the successful evaluation of the oral microbiome as a potential biomarker for distant pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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