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Najafinejad MS, Chianese S, Fenti A, Iovino P, Musmarra D. Application of Electrochemical Oxidation for Water and Wastewater Treatment: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104208. [PMID: 37241948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the discharge of various emerging pollutants, chemicals, and dyes in water and wastewater has represented one of the prominent human problems. Since water pollution is directly related to human health, highly resistant and emerging compounds in aquatic environments will pose many potential risks to the health of all living beings. Therefore, water pollution is a very acute problem that has constantly increased in recent years with the expansion of various industries. Consequently, choosing efficient and innovative wastewater treatment methods to remove contaminants is crucial. Among advanced oxidation processes, electrochemical oxidation (EO) is the most common and effective method for removing persistent pollutants from municipal and industrial wastewater. However, despite the great progress in using EO to treat real wastewater, there are still many gaps. This is due to the lack of comprehensive information on the operating parameters which affect the process and its operating costs. In this paper, among various scientific articles, the impact of operational parameters on the EO performances, a comparison between different electrochemical reactor configurations, and a report on general mechanisms of electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants have been reported. Moreover, an evaluation of cost analysis and energy consumption requirements have also been discussed. Finally, the combination process between EO and photocatalysis (PC), called photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), has been discussed and reviewed briefly. This article shows that there is a direct relationship between important operating parameters with the amount of costs and the final removal efficiency of emerging pollutants. Optimal operating conditions can be achieved by paying special attention to reactor design, which can lead to higher efficiency and more efficient treatment. The rapid development of EO for removing emerging pollutants from impacted water and its combination with other green methods can result in more efficient approaches to face the pressing water pollution challenge. PEC proved to be a promising pollutants degradation technology, in which renewable energy sources can be adopted as a primer to perform an environmentally friendly water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simeone Chianese
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Angelo Fenti
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Iovino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Dino Musmarra
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
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Hermosillo-Nevárez JJ, Ramirez-Pereda B, Silva-Martínez S, Rangel-Peraza JG, Armendáriz-Ontiveros MM, Pineda-Arellano CA, Velázquez-Martínez S, Bustos-Terrones YA. Anodic Fenton Degradation of Basic Blue 9 Textile Dye in a Divided Parallel Plate Reactor: Comparison of Two Cationic Membranes. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dhruv Patel D, Bhatt S. Environmental pollution, toxicity profile, and physico-chemical and biotechnological approaches for treatment of textile wastewater. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 38:33-86. [PMID: 35297320 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2048434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Textile industries discharges a huge quantity of unused synthetic dyes in wastewater leading to increased environmental pollution and pose a great risk to human health. Thus, a significant improvement in effluent quality is required before it is discharged into the environment. Although, several physicochemical methods have been practiced for the efficient color and dyes removal from textile effluents, these approaches have some drawbacks of greater use of expensive chemicals, low sensitivity, formation of excess sludge which also have secondary disposal problem. Thus, there is still a need for energy efficient, affordable, effective, and environmentally friendly treatment technologies. Bioremediation has been considered as a promising an upcoming active field of research for the treatment of unwanted color and target compounds from the contaminated environment. In order to efficient treatment of textile effluent, the main objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize the indigenous microbial isolates from textile industry effluents and sludge samples and investigate their dye removal and decolorization ability along with the influence of various process parameters on effluents decolorization that draining into the open environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhara Dhruv Patel
- Department of Life Science, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Shreyas Bhatt
- Department of Life Science, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
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Technical–Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Activation by a Sacrificial Anode: Comparison of Two Exchange Membranes. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Saheed IO, Oh WD, Suah FBM. Enhanced adsorption of acid Blue-25 dye onto chitosan/porous carbon composite modified in 1-allyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide ionic liquid. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1026-1033. [PMID: 33971228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan/porous carbon composite (C-PC) modified in 1-Allyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide [AMIM][Br] under airtight condition was prepared for the removal of Acid Blue-25 dye (AB-25) from aqueous medium. For comparison of adsorption efficiency of C-PC, chitosan-activated carbon composite (C-AC) was also prepared in 1% acetic acid. The adsorbents were characterised using SEM, EDX, XRD, BET, TGA and FTIR. The micrograph of C-PC revealed cavities and slightly rough surfaces dominated with similar sized and irregular shaped stone-like materials which differ from the precursors' micrograph. BET analysis revealed the domination of mesopores on the C-PC and C-AC surfaces, as the hydroxyl and amino group on C-PC are the main active sites for AB-25 dye uptake. The dye was better adsorbed onto C-PC at pH 2 and C-AC at pH 4. The adsorption capacity obtained for C-PC, C-AC, activated carbon (AC) and chitosan (CH) using Langmuir isotherm model are 3333.33 mg/g, 909.90 mg/g, 909.09 mg/g and 833.33 mg/g, respectively. The experimental data are well described by Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherms for adsorption of the dye onto C-PC, AC and CH. C-AC fitted into Langmuir isotherm only. The kinetics of the adsorption fitted into pseudo-second order indicating the possibility of chemical interactions in the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaila Olalekan Saheed
- Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemical, Geological and Physical Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, P.M.B 1530, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Wen-Da Oh
- Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Faiz Bukhari Mohd Suah
- Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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Bustos-Terrones YA, Hermosillo-Nevárez JJ, Ramírez-Pereda B, Vaca M, Rangel-Peraza JG, Bustos-Terrones V, Rojas-Valencia MN. Removal of BB9 textile dye by biological, physical, chemical, and electrochemical treatments. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Othmani B, Gamelas JAF, Rasteiro MG, Khadhraoui M. Characterization of Two Cactus Formulation-Based Flocculants and Investigation on Their Flocculating Ability for Cationic and Anionic Dyes Removal. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1964. [PMID: 32872564 PMCID: PMC7570147 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye invasion in wastewaters is undeniably one of the crucial environmental concerns in addition to the supplement of toxic synthetic chemical flocculants used for color removal using the conventional coagulation-flocculation process. With the aim to improve the flocculation stage in terms of reagents safety and ensure dyes removal, the present study explores the flocculating effectiveness of two natural, stable, and eco-friendly cactus formulations, namely 60 °C oven-dried (DP) and lyophilized (LP) cladodes. Both formulations were assessed to treat cationic (Methylene blue; MB) and anionic (Methyl Orange; MO) dye solutions as a substitution attempt for the currently questioned employed synthetic chemical flocculants. Obtained results demonstrate that, in conjunction with alum as coagulant, the lyophilized powder (LP) bio-based flocculant appears to be the most efficient cactus formulation, showing a significant color (83%) and a turbidity (69%) abatement for the cationic dye (MB) and, respectively, 63% and 62% for the anionic one (MO). Additionally, the flocculation activity of the LP formula remained high over an eight-month period of storage. Moreover, based on the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis and the chemical characterization of cactus formulations, the occurring flocculation mechanisms of the dye removal are presumed to be based on both adsorption and bridging phenomena. Further, the significant color and turbidity decline achieved upon the addition of the lyophilized cactus cladodes powder (LP), enhancing thus the coagulation performance of the alum-based coagulant, proved the effectiveness of this bio-flocculant compared to the commonly used chemical flocculant (polyacrylamide). Hence, it was suggested that lyophilized cactus cladodes as a natural flocculant could be one of the effective surrogates to chemical flocculants conventionally used in wastewater treatment for the sake of a safer and sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouthaina Othmani
- Laboratory for Environmental Engineering and Eco-technology, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - José A. F. Gamelas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria Graça Rasteiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Moncef Khadhraoui
- Laboratory for Environmental Engineering and Eco-technology, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
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Karimifard S, Alavi Moghaddam MR. Application of response surface methodology in physicochemical removal of dyes from wastewater: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:772-797. [PMID: 30021324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) is a powerful tool in designing the experiments and optimizing different environmental processes. However, when it comes to wastewater treatment and specifically dye-containing wastewater, two questions arise; "Is RSM being used correctly?" and "Are all capabilities of RSM being exploited properly?". The current review paper aims to answer these questions by scrutinizing different physicochemical processes that utilized RSM in dye removal. The literature that applied RSM to adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, coagulation/flocculation and electrocoagulation processes were critically reviewed in this paper. The common errors in applying RSM to physicochemical removal of dyes are identified and some suggestions are made for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Karimifard
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez St., Tehran 15875-4413, Iran; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States
| | - Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez St., Tehran 15875-4413, Iran.
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