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Yan C, Dou Y, Xia R, Liu S, Fu J, Li D, Wang R, Tie F, Li L, Jin H, An F. Research progress on the role of lncRNA, circular RNA, and microRNA networks in regulating ferroptosis in osteosarcoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116924. [PMID: 38876052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not participate in protein-coding. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death mediated by reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have shown that ncRNAs such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and ferroptosis are involved in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma (OS). Studies have confirmed that ncRNAs participate in the development of OS by regulating the ferroptosis. However, systematic summary on this topic are still lacking. This review summarises the potential role of ncRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment, drug resistance, and prognosis of OS and the basis for diagnosing, preventing, and treating clinical OS and developing effective drugs. This review summarises the latest research progress on ncRNAs that regulate ferroptosis in OS, attempts to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of OS, and elaborates on the involvement of ferroptosis in OS from the perspective of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yinnan Dou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ruoliu Xia
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jianchao Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Duo Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Feng Tie
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Linxin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Deng W, Fu J, Lin S, Wen Q, Fu L, Chen X. Hsa_circRNA_101036 aggravates hypoxic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress via the miR-21-3p/TMTC1 axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32969. [PMID: 38994041 PMCID: PMC11238011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various types of cancer, including Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Hsa_circRNA_101036 was found to function as a cancer suppressor gene in OSCC; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the role of hsa_circRNA_101036 in OSCC development and progression and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. Methods We performed a bioinformatics analysis and used experimental approaches to investigate the regulatory mechanism of hsa_circRNA_101036. The database StarBase v.2.0 was used to predict potential target-miRNAs of hsa_circRNA_101036. The levels of hsa_circRNA_101036, miR-21-3p, and TMTC2 expression in samples of OSCC cancer tissue (n = 15) and adjacent tissue (n = 15) were determined. We also examined the effects of hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression on OSCC cell lines by using cell viability, migration, and invasion assays. The proportions of apoptotic cells and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed by flow cytometry. We also investigated how hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression affected the levels of miR-21-3p and TMTC2, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in OSCC cells. Results The levels of hsa_circRNA_101036 and TMTC2 expression were significantly lower, while miR-21-3p expression was higher in tumor tissues and OSCC cells when compared to adjacent tissues and normal oral fibroblasts, respectively. The levels of HIF-1α and miR-21-3p expression were significantly increased under conditions of hypoxia, while the levels of hsa_circRNA_101036 and TMTC2 were decreased. The expression levels of proteins associated with ER stress, the proportions of apoptotic cells, and the levels of ROS were all increased by hypoxia stimulation. In addition, overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036, but not mutant hsa_circRNA_101036, was found to enhance the effect of hypoxia on HSC3 and OECM-1 cells. Hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression suppressed tumor growth and induced ER stress. Finally, knockdown of miR-21-3p had the same effect as overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036. Conclusion Our findings suggest that hsa_circRNA_101036 plays a critical role in the development and progression of OSCC. Overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036 aggravated ER stress, and increased cell apoptosis and ROS production in OSCC under hypoxic conditions. Hsa_circRNA_101036 up-regulated TMTC2 expression by sponging miR-21-3p in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Juan Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Shigeng Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Qitao Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Liangbin Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoze Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
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Xie W, Ma F, Dou L, Chang W, Yuan D, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Allicin affects immunoreactivity of osteosarcoma cells through lncRNA CBR3-AS1. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31971. [PMID: 38947424 PMCID: PMC11214447 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effect of allicin on the immunoreactivity of osteosarcoma (OS) cells and further explore whether its mechanism is related to the long non-coding Ribonucleic Acid (lncRNA) CBR3-AS1/miR-145-5p/GRP78 axis, so as to provide clinical evidence. Methods The human OS cell line Saos-2 was treated with allicin at 25, 50, and 100 μmol/L, respectively, to observe changes in cell biological behaviors. Subsequently, CBR3-AS1 abnormal expression vectors were constructed and transfected into Saos-2 to discuss their influence on OS. Furthermore, the regulatory relationship between allicin and the CBR3-AS1/miR-145-5p/GRP78 axis was validated by rescue experiments. Finally, a nude mice tumorigenesis experiment was carried out to analyze the effects of allicin and CBR3-AS1/miR-145-5p/GRP78 axis on the growth of living tumors. Alterations in T-lymphocyte subsets were also detected to assess the effect of allicin on OS immunoreactivity. Results With the increase of allicin concentration, Saos-2 activity decreased and apoptosis increased (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of CBR3-AS1 and GRP78 decreased after allicin intervention, while miR-145-5p increased (P < 0.05). Silencing CBR3-AS1 led to reduced Saos-2 activity, enhanced apoptosis, and activated mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (P < 0.05). In the rescue experiment, the effect of CBR3-AS1 on OS cells was reversed by silencing miR-145-5p, while the impact of miR-145-5p was reversed by GRP78. Finally, the tumorigenesis experiment in nude mice confirmed the regulatory effects of allicin and CBR3-AS1/miR-145-5p/GRP78 on tumor growth in vivo. Meanwhile, it was seen that allicin activated CD4+CD8+ in OS mice, confirming that allicin has the effect of activating OS immunoreactivity. Conclusions Allicin activates OS immunoreactivity and induces apoptosis through the CBR3-AS1/miR-145-5p/GRP78 molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Fengjun Ma
- Department of Science and Technology,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Luming Dou
- Department of Bone Traumatology,Yantai Penglai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265600, China
| | - Wenjie Chang
- First Clinical Medical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Daotong Yuan
- First Clinical Medical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Zhimeng Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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Mosca N, Alessio N, Di Paola A, Marrapodi MM, Galderisi U, Russo A, Rossi F, Potenza N. Osteosarcoma in a ceRNET perspective. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:59. [PMID: 38835012 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent and fatal type of bone tumor. It is characterized by great heterogeneity of genomic aberrations, mutated genes, and cell types contribution, making therapy and patients management particularly challenging. A unifying picture of molecular mechanisms underlying the disease could help to transform those challenges into opportunities.This review deeply explores the occurrence in OS of large-scale RNA regulatory networks, denominated "competing endogenous RNA network" (ceRNET), wherein different RNA biotypes, such as long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and mRNAs can functionally interact each other by competitively binding to shared microRNAs. Here, we discuss how the unbalancing of any network component can derail the entire circuit, driving OS onset and progression by impacting on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis, and even chemotherapeutic resistance, as distilled from many studies. Intriguingly, the aberrant expression of the networks components in OS cells can be triggered also by the surroundings, through cytokines and vesicles, with their bioactive cargo of proteins and non-coding RNAs, highlighting the relevance of tumor microenvironment. A comprehensive picture of RNA regulatory networks underlying OS could pave the way for the development of innovative RNA-targeted and RNA-based therapies and new diagnostic tools, also in the perspective of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Mosca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Paola
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Fu M, Gu J, Yu D, Wang M, Zhang J, Ji R, Jiang P, Zhang X. Circ1811 suppresses gastric cancer progression by regulating the miR-632/DAPK1 axis. Gene 2024; 910:148331. [PMID: 38438055 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Compelling evidence has identified circRNAs as crucial regulators in initiation and progression of various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the function and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in GC remain largely unknown. In this study, attention is paid to a novel circular RNA circ1811, which exerts significant downregulated expression in GC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The expression of circ1811 in GC tumor tissues is negatively correlated with the extent of lymphatic metastasis in GC patients. Overexpression of circ1811 inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion while promoting apoptosis, whereas knockdown of circ1811 led to the opposite effects. AGO2 RIP and dual luciferase reporter assays indicated that circ1811 directly sponges miR-632 to upregulate the expression of DAPK1. Collectively, circ1811 acts as a tumor-suppressor for GC progression by regulating the miR-632/DAPK1 axis. Our findings suggest the potential of circ1811 as ideal biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jianmei Gu
- Departmemt of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nantong Tumor Hospital/Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Maoye Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Runbi Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Wei Z, Zhang C, Song Y, Han D, Liu J, Song X, Chao F, Wang S, Xu G, Chen G. CircUBE3A(2,3,4,5) promotes adenylate-uridylate-rich binding factor 1 nuclear translocation to suppress prostate cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216743. [PMID: 38423246 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic progression is the primary cause of mortality in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis, our current understanding of their role in PCa metastasis remains limited. In this study, we identified that circUBE3A(2,3,4,5), which originated from exons 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the human ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) gene, was specifically downregulated in PCa tissues and correlated with the Gleason score, bone metastasis, and D'Amico risk classification. Through the in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that overexpression of circUBE3A(2,3,4,5) inhibited PCa cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and proliferation. Mechanistically, circUBE3A(2,3,4,5) was found to bind to adenylate-uridylate-rich binding factor 1 (AUF1), promoting the translocation of AUF1 into the nucleus. This led to decreased AUF1 in the cytoplasm, resulting in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) mRNA instability and a subsequent reduction at the protein level. The downregulation of MTHFD2 further inhibited vimentin expression, thereby suppressing PCa cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, two pairs of the short-inverted repeats (TSIRs) in flanking introns were identified to synergistically facilitate the generation of circUBE3A(2,3,4,5) and other circRNAs. In summary, TSIRs-induced circUBE3A(2,3,4,5) acts as a suppressor of PCa metastasis by enhancing AUF1 nuclear translocation, reducing MTHFD2, and subsequently inhibiting vimentin expression. This study characterizes circUBE3A(2,3,4,5) as a functional circRNA and proposes it as a highly promising target for preventing PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wei
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China; Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China
| | - Dunsheng Han
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinke Liu
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Chao
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, 361015, Fujian, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 201508, Shanghai, China.
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Han S, Wang Q, Shen M, Zhang X, Wang J. Immunogenic cell death related mRNAs associated signature to predict immunotherapeutic response in osteosarcoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27630. [PMID: 38515694 PMCID: PMC10955266 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is related to cancer prognosis, which has a synergic effect in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Yet, the relationship between ICD and osteosarcoma remained unclear. Materials and methods Three osteosarcoma datasets including therapeutically applicable research to generate effective treatments (TARGET), GSE126209 and GSE21257 datasets were included. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed based on ICD-related genes. We performed unsupervised consensus clustering to classify molecular subtypes (clusters). Survival analysis, Estimation of stromal and immune cells in malignant tumour tissues using expression data (ESTIMATE), Cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT), and differential analysis were employed to characterize the molecular differences between different clusters. Univariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to confirm prognostic genes. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to demonstrate the aberrant expression of ICD-correlated signature genes in osteosarcoma. A series of cellular experiments, including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, and flow cytometry, were used to demonstrate the regulatory role of key genes in the ICD model on the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma. Results Three clusters (cluster1, 2, 3) were constructed and they showed distinct overall survival and immune infiltration. ICD-related genes were highly expressed in cluster1. Moreover, Cluster1 had the best prognosis, high immune score and high expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-related genes. TLR4, LY96, IFNGR1, CD4, and CASP1 were identified as prognostic genes for establishing an ICD-related risk signature. According to the risk signature, two risk groups (high and low risks) showing differential prognosis and response to immunotherapy. The low risks group had a better prognosis but was not sensitive to immunotherapy. Molecular assays verified that prognostic genes were abnormally under-expressed in osteosarcoma. Cellular assays demonstrated that LY96, the most significantly down-regulated gene in osteosarcoma, inhibited the migration, invasion, and proliferation phenotypes of osteosarcoma cells and prolonged the cell cycle. Analysis of oxidative stress related pathway enrichment in tumor microenvironment was conducted by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Conclusions This study demonstrated the prognostic significance of ICD-correlated genes in osteosarcoma patients. The five-gene risk signature facilitate prognostic evaluation and prediction of osteosarcoma patients' response to immunotherapy. The risk signature also offered a possibility for the exploit of novel ICD-related treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xingpeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
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Luo M, Su Z, Gao H, Tan J, Liao R, Yang J, Lin L. Cirsiliol induces autophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis through the AKT/FOXO1 axis and influences methotrexate resistance in osteosarcoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:907. [PMID: 38087310 PMCID: PMC10714637 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, with poor outcomes for patients with metastatic disease or chemotherapy resistance. Cirsiliol is a recently found flavonoid with anti-tumor effects in various tumors. However, the effects of cirsiliol in the regulation of aggressive behaviors of OS remain unknown. METHODS The effect of cirsiliol on the proliferation of OS cells was detected using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, while cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence was applied to visualize the expression level of the mitochondria, lysosomes and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). A computational molecular docking technique was used to predict the interaction between cirsiliol and the AKT protein. The impact of cirsiliol on resistance was investigated by comparing it between a methotrexate (MTX)-sensitive OS cell line, U2OS, and a MTX-resistant OS cell line, U2OS/MTX. Finally, in situ xenogeneic tumor models were used to validate the anti-tumor effect of cirsiliol in OS. RESULTS Cirsiliol inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in both U2OS and U2OS/MTX300 OS cells. In addition, treatment with cirsiliol resulted in G2 phase arrest in U2OS/MTX300 and U2OS cells. Cell fluorescence probe staining results showed impaired mitochondria and increased autophagy in OS cells after treatment with cirsiliol. Mechanistically, it was found that cirsiliol targeted AKT by reducing the phosphorylation of AKT, which further activated the transcriptional activity of forkhead Box O transcription factor 1 (FOXO1), ultimately affecting the function of OS cells. Moreover, in situ tumorigenesis experiments showed that cirsiliol inhibited the tumorigenesis and progression of OS in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Cirsiliol inhibits OS cell growth and induces cell apoptosis by reducing AKT phosphorylation and further promotes FOXO1 expression. These phenomena indicate that cirsiliol is a promising treatment option for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Luo
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Zexin Su
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Haotian Gao
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Jianye Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Rongdong Liao
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
| | - Lijun Lin
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
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Tan J, Shi M, Li B, Liu Y, Luo S, Cheng X. Role of arachidonic acid metabolism in intervertebral disc degeneration: identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets via multi-omics analysis and artificial intelligence strategies. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:204. [PMID: 38007425 PMCID: PMC10675942 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is widely recognized as the primary etiological factor underlying low back pain, often necessitating surgical intervention as the sole recourse in severe cases. The metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid (AA), a pivotal regulator of inflammatory responses, influences the development and progression of IVDD. METHODS Initially, a comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between AA expression patterns and different stages of IVDD using single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Additionally, three machine learning methods (LASSO, random forest, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination) were employed to identify hub genes associated with IVDD. Subsequently, a novel artificial intelligence prediction model was developed for IVDD based on an artificial neural network algorithm and validated using an independent dataset. The identified hub genes were further subjected to functional enrichment, immune infiltration, and Connectivity Map analysis. Moreover, external validation was performed using flow cytometry and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS Both scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data revealed a positive correlation between the severity of IVDD and the AA metabolic pathway. They also revealed increased AA metabolic activity in macrophages and neutrophils, as well as enhanced intercellular communication with nucleus pulposus cells. Utilizing advanced machine learning algorithms, five hub genes (AKR1C3, ALOX5, CYP2B6, EPHX2, and PLB1) were identified, and an incipient diagnostic model was developed with an AUC of 0.961 in the training cohort and 0.72 in the validation cohort. An in-depth exploration of the functionality of these hub genes revealed their notable association with inflammatory responses and immune cell infiltration. Lastly, AH6809 was found to delay IVDD by inhibiting AKR1C3. CONCLUSIONS This study offers comprehensive insights into potential biomarkers and small molecules associated with the early pathogenesis of IVDD. The identified biomarkers and the developed integrated diagnostic model hold great promise in predicting the onset of early IVDD. AH6809 was established as a therapeutic target for AKR1C3 in the treatment of IVDD, as evidenced by computer simulations and biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Meiling Shi
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shengzhong Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
- Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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10
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Sadrkhanloo M, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Bahonar A, Nakhaee Z, Entezari M, Beig Goharrizi MAS, Salimimoghadam S, Ren J, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Dehkhoda F, Taheriazam A, Tan SC, Hushmandi K. New emerging targets in osteosarcoma therapy: PTEN and PI3K/Akt crosstalk in carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154902. [PMID: 37922723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone carcinoma that affects people in childhood and adulthood. The heterogeneous nature and chromosomal instability represent certain characteristics of OS cells. These cancer cells grow and migrate abnormally, making the prognosis undesirable for patients. Conventional and current treatments fail to completely eradicate tumor cells, so new therapeutics targeting genes may be considered. PI3K/Akt is a regulator of events such as growth, cell death, migration, and differentiation, and its expression changes during cancer progression. PTEN reduces PI3K/Akt expression, and its mutations and depletions have been reported in various tumors. Experimental evidence shows that there is upregulation of PI3K/Akt and downregulation of PTEN in OS. Increasing PTEN expression may suppress PI3K/Akt to minimize tumorigenesis. In addition, PI3K/Akt shows a positive association with growth, metastasis, EMT and metabolism of OS cells and inhibits apoptosis. Importantly, overexpression of PI3K/Akt causes drug resistance and radio-resistance and its level can be modulated by miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Silencing PI3K/Akt by compounds and drugs can suppress OS. Here, we review in detail the function of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt in OS, revealing its biological function, function in tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahonar
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nakhaee
- Medical School, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Todosenko N, Khlusov I, Yurova K, Khaziakhmatova O, Litvinova L. Signal Pathways and microRNAs in Osteosarcoma Growth and the Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108993. [PMID: 37240338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The major challenges in Osteosarcoma (OS) therapy are its heterogeneity and drug resistance. The development of new therapeutic approaches to overcome the major growth mechanisms of OS is urgently needed. The search for specific molecular targets and promising innovative approaches in OS therapy, including drug delivery methods, is an urgent problem. Modern regenerative medicine focuses on harnessing the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because they have low immunogenicity. MSCs are important cells that have received considerable attention in cancer research. Currently, new cell-based methods for using MSCs in medicine are being actively investigated and tested, especially as carriers for chemotherapeutics, nanoparticles, and photosensitizers. However, despite the inexhaustible regenerative potential and known anticancer properties of MSCs, they may trigger the development and progression of bone tumors. A better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of OS pathogenesis is essential to identify novel molecular effectors involved in oncogenesis. The current review focuses on signaling pathways and miRNAs involved in the development of OS and describes the role of MSCs in oncogenesis and their potential for antitumor cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Igor Khlusov
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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