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Proshchina A, Gulimova V, Kharlamova A, Krivova Y, Besova N, Berdiev R, Saveliev S. Reproduction and the Early Development of Vertebrates in Space: Problems, Results, Opportunities. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:109. [PMID: 33572526 PMCID: PMC7911118 DOI: 10.3390/life11020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans and animals adapt to space flight conditions. However, the adaptive changes of fully formed organisms differ radically from the responses of vertebrate embryos, foetuses, and larvae to space flight. Development is associated with active cell proliferation and the formation of organs and systems. The instability of these processes is well known. Over 20 years has passed since the last systematic experiments on vertebrate reproduction and development in space flight. At the same time, programs are being prepared for the exploration of Mars and the Moon, which justifies further investigations into space flight's impact on vertebrate development. This review focuses on various aspects of reproduction and early development of vertebrates in space flights. The results of various experiments on fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals are described. The experiments in which our team took part and ontogeny of the vertebrate nervous and special sensory systems are considered in more detail. Possible causes of morphological changes are also discussed. Research on evolutionarily and taxonomically different models can advance the understanding of reproduction in microgravity. Reptiles, in particular, geckos, due to their special features, can be a promising object of space developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Proshchina
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Victoria Gulimova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Anastasia Kharlamova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Yuliya Krivova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Nadezhda Besova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Rustam Berdiev
- Research and Educational Center for Wild Animal Rehabilitation, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/12, 119899 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergey Saveliev
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF, Tsurupi Street, 3, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.); (A.K.); (Y.K.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
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Levchenko I, Xu S, Mazouffre S, Keidar M, Bazaka K. Mars Colonization: Beyond Getting There. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2019; 3:1800062. [PMID: 31565356 PMCID: PMC6383964 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colonization of Mars: As humans gradually overcome technological challenges of deep space missions, the possibility of exploration and colonization of extraterrestrial outposts is being seriously considered by space agencies and commercial entities alike. But should we do it just because we potentially can? Is such an undoubtedly risky adventure justified from the economic, legal, and ethical points of view? And even if it is, do we have a system of instruments necessary to effectively and fairly manage these aspects of colonization? In this essay, a rich diversity of current opinions on the pros and cons of Mars colonization voiced by space enthusiasts with backgrounds in space technology, economics, and materials science are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Levchenko
- Plasma Sources and Applications Centre/Space Propulsion CentreNIENanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637616Singapore
- School of ChemistryPhysics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
| | - Shuyan Xu
- Plasma Sources and Applications Centre/Space Propulsion CentreNIENanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637616Singapore
| | - Stéphane Mazouffre
- CNRSICAREElectric Propulsion Team1c Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071OrléansFrance
| | - Michael Keidar
- Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA
| | - Kateryna Bazaka
- School of ChemistryPhysics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
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Wakayama S, Kamada Y, Yamanaka K, Kohda T, Suzuki H, Shimazu T, Tada MN, Osada I, Nagamatsu A, Kamimura S, Nagatomo H, Mizutani E, Ishino F, Yano S, Wakayama T. Healthy offspring from freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa held on the International Space Station for 9 months. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5988-5993. [PMID: 28533361 PMCID: PMC5468614 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701425114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
If humans ever start to live permanently in space, assisted reproductive technology using preserved spermatozoa will be important for producing offspring; however, radiation on the International Space Station (ISS) is more than 100 times stronger than that on Earth, and irradiation causes DNA damage in cells and gametes. Here we examined the effect of space radiation on freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa held on the ISS for 9 mo at -95 °C, with launch and recovery at room temperature. DNA damage to the spermatozoa and male pronuclei was slightly increased, but the fertilization and birth rates were similar to those of controls. Next-generation sequencing showed only minor genomic differences between offspring derived from space-preserved spermatozoa and controls, and all offspring grew to adulthood and had normal fertility. Thus, we demonstrate that although space radiation can damage sperm DNA, it does not affect the production of viable offspring after at least 9 mo of storage on the ISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Wakayama
- Advanced Biotechnology Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan;
| | - Yuko Kamada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Kaori Yamanaka
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohda
- Department of Epigenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiromi Suzuki
- Department of Science and Applications, Japan Space Forum, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
| | - Toru Shimazu
- Department of Science and Applications, Japan Space Forum, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
| | - Motoki N Tada
- Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Ikuko Osada
- Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Aiko Nagamatsu
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamimura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagatomo
- Advanced Biotechnology Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
- Center of Community Promotion Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Eiji Mizutani
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Ishino
- Department of Epigenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yano
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Wakayama
- Advanced Biotechnology Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan;
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
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