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Chao M, Zhang Q, Huang L, Wang L, Dong J, Kou S, Song W, Wang T. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene family in soybean and implications in drought stress tolerance. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:1183-1199. [PMID: 39214924 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in starch biosynthesis pathway, and has been identified as a potential target for manipulation strategies aimed at improving crop yield and quality. OBJECTIVE To identify the AGPase gene family members in soybean, and explore the potential implications of GmAGPS2 in drought stress tolerance. METHODS The genome-wide identification and sequence analysis of soybean AGPase gene family was carried out by bioinformatics methods. The GmAGP gene expression was analyzed using transcriptome data and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, transgenic yeast strains overexpressing GmAGPS2 were generated, and their growth was observed under drought stress. RESULTS In this study, we searched for AGPase genes (GmAGP) in the soybean genome and identified a total of 14 GmAGP genes. The GmAGP proteins had a unique conserved NTP_transferase domain and were mainly located in the chloroplast and cytosol. Evolutionarily, the GmAGP proteins can be clustered into two distinct subgroups; within the same subgroup, they displayed a similar distribution pattern of conserved motifs. The GmAGP genes exhibited an uneven distribution on 10 chromosomes, and segmental duplication contributed to AGPase gene family expansion in soybean. The GmAGP genes presented different tissue expression pattern, in which GmAGPL6, GmAGPL9, and GmAGPL10 mainly exhibited tissue-specific expression pattern. The promoter of GmAGP genes had multiple cis-acting elements related to phytohormones and stress responses, and 8 GmAGP genes contained drought-responsive cis-acting elements. qRT‒PCR analysis demonstrated a significant upregulation expression of GmAGPL6, GmAGPL10, and GmAGPS2 in response to drought stress. Further functional analysis indicated that GmAGPS2 gene could improve yeast growth under drought stress conditions and enhance the drought tolerance of yeast. CONCLUSION These results will contribute to further elucidation of the function of GmAGP genes, and offer important candidate genes for the genetic improvement of starch and yield-related traits and the breeding of high drought stress tolerance varieties in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoni Chao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Qiufang Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Li Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shibo Kou
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Weifeng Song
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Tiegu Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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NnABI4-Mediated ABA Regulation of Starch Biosynthesis in Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413506. [PMID: 34948298 PMCID: PMC8705639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is an important component in lotus. ABA is an important plant hormone, which plays a very crucial role in regulating plant starch synthesis. Using ‘MRH’ as experimental materials, the leaves were sprayed with exogenous ABA before the rhizome expansion. The results showed that stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased while net photosynthetic rate increased. The total starch content of the underground rhizome of lotus increased significantly. Meanwhile, qPCR results showed that the relative expression levels of NnSS1, NnSBE1 and NnABI4 were all upregulated after ABA treatment. Then, yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase assay suggested that NnABI4 protein can promote the expression of NnSS1 by directly binding to its promoter. In addition, subcellular localization results showed that NnABI4 encodes a nuclear protein, and NnSS1 protein was located in the chloroplast. Finally, these results indicate that ABA induced the upregulated expression of NnABI4, and NnABI4 promoted the expression of NnSS1 and thus enhanced starch accumulation in lotus rhizomes. This will provide a theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanism of ABA regulating starch synthesis in plant.
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Kumar A, Prajapati D, Devi KA, Pal A, Choudhary U, Dashora A, Choudhary J, Joshi A, Saharan V. Slow-release Zn application through Zn-chitosan nanoparticles in wheat to intensify source activity and sink strength. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:272-281. [PMID: 34666280 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Source activity and sink strength are important aspects to measure growth and yield in wheat. Despite zinc's extended functions in the amendment of plant metabolic activities, critical research findings are missing on mapping the elusive interplays of slow-release zinc (Zn) application from nanoparticles (NPs) in crop plants. The present study reports that slow-releasing Zn application through Zn-chitosan NPs bestows myriad effects on source activity and sink strength in wheat plants. Herein, effects of foliar application of Zn-chitosan NPs (0.04-0.16%; w/v) at booting stage of wheat crop were evaluated to quantify the source sink potential compared to ZnSO4. Zn-chitosan NPs endowed elevated source activity by up-regulating cellular redox homeostasis by improving the antioxidant status, cellular stability and higher photosynthesis. Cognately, in the field experiment, NPs (0.08-0.16%, w/v) significantly spurred sink strength by up-regulating starch biosynthesis enzymes viz. sucrose synthase (SUS), invertase (INV), ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), soluble starch synthase (SSS) and accumulated more starch in developing wheat grains. Concomitantly, higher spike lengths without awns, significantly higher number of grains/spike, test weight (24% more than ZnSO4 treatment), yield (21% more than ZnSO4 treatment), biological yield and harvest index quantified the higher sink size to further validate the better sink strength in slow-release Zn application via chitosan NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Damyanti Prajapati
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Khaidem Aruna Devi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125 004, India
| | - Urmila Choudhary
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Abhay Dashora
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Jagdish Choudhary
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Arunabh Joshi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Vinod Saharan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India.
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Cao D, Lin Z, Huang L, Damaris RN, Yang P. Genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF superfamily in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and the association between NnADAP and rhizome morphology. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:171. [PMID: 33750315 PMCID: PMC7945336 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07473-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The AP2/ERF family is widely present in plants and plays a crucial regulatory role in plant growth and development. As an essential aquatic horticultural model plant, lotus has an increasingly prominent economic and research value. Results We have identified and analysed the AP2/ERF gene family in the lotus. Initially, 121 AP2/ERF family genes were identified. By analysing their gene distribution and protein structure, and their expression patterns during the development of lotus rhizome, combined with previous studies, we obtained an SNP (megascaffold_20:3578539) associated with lotus rhizome phenotype. This SNP was in the NnADAP gene of the AP2 subfamily, and the changes in SNP (C/T) caused amino acid conversion (proline/leucine). We constructed a population of 95 lotus varieties for SNP verification. Through population typing experiments, we found that the group with SNP CC had significantly larger lotus rhizome and higher soluble sugar content among the population. Conclusions In conclusion, we speculate that the alteration of the SNP in the NnADAP can affect the size and sugar content of the lotus rhizome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07473-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Cao
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhongyuan Lin
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Longyu Huang
- Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Rebecca Njeri Damaris
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Libao C, Yuyan H, Minrong Z, Xiaoyong X, Zhiguang S, Chunfei W, Shuyan L, Zhubing H. Gene expression profiling reveals the effects of light on adventitious root formation in lotus seedlings (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:707. [PMID: 33045982 PMCID: PMC7552355 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lotus is an aquatic horticultural crop that is widely cultivated in most regions of China and is used as an important off-season vegetable. The principal root of lotus is degenerated, and adventitious roots (ARs) are irreplaceable for plant growth. We found that no ARs formed under darkness and that exposure to high-intensity light significantly promoted the development of root primordia. Four differential expression libraries based on three light intensities were constructed to monitor metabolic changes, especially in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and sugar metabolism. RESULTS AR formation was significantly affected by light, and high light intensity accelerated AR development. Metabolic changes during AR formation under different light intensities were evaluated using gene expression profiling by high-throughput tag-sequencing. More than 2.2 × 104 genes were obtained in each library; the expression level of most genes was between 0.01 and 100 (FPKF value). Libraries constructed from plants grown under darkness (D/CK), under 5000 lx (E/CK), and under 20,000 lx (F/CK) contained 1739, 1683, and 1462 upregulated genes and 1533, 995, and 834 downregulated genes, respectively, when compared to those in the initial state (CK). Additionally, we found that 1454 and 478 genes had altered expression in a comparison of libraries D/CK and F/CK. Gene transcription between libraries D/F ranged from a 5-fold decrease to a 5-fold increase. Twenty differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in the signal transduction pathway, 28 DEGs were related to the IAA response, and 35 DEGs were involved in sugar metabolism. We observed that the IAA content was enhanced after seed germination, even in darkness; this was responsible for AR formation. We also observed that sucrose could eliminate the negative effect of 150 μMol IAA during AR development. CONCLUSIONS AR formation was regulated by IAA, even in the dark, where induction and developmental processes could also be completed. In addition, 36 genes displayed altered expression in carbohydrate metabolism and ucrose metabolism was involved in AR development (expressed stage) according to gene expression and content change characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Libao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Han Yuyan
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Zhao Minrong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xu Xiaoyong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Shen Zhiguang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Wang Chunfei
- Henghui Food Co., Ltd of Yancheng, Kaifeng, 224700 China
| | - Li Shuyan
- College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hu Zhubing
- Henghui Food Co., Ltd of Yancheng, Kaifeng, 224700 China
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Sun H, Li J, Song H, Yang D, Deng X, Liu J, Wang Y, Ma J, Xiong Y, Liu Y, Yang M. Comprehensive analysis of AGPase genes uncovers their potential roles in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:457. [PMID: 33023477 PMCID: PMC7541243 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starch in the lotus seed contains a high proportion of amylose, which endows lotus seed a promising property in the development of hypoglycemic and low-glycemic index functional food. Currently, improving starch content is one of the major goals for seed-lotus breeding. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) plays an essential role in regulating starch biosynthesis in plants, but little is known about its characterization in lotus. RESULTS We describe the nutritional compositions of lotus seed among 30 varieties with starch as a major component. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that AGPase genes were differentially expressed in two varieties (CA and JX) with significant different starch content. Seven putative AGPase genes were identified in the lotus genome (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), which could be grouped into two subfamilies. Selective pressure analysis indicated that purifying selection acted as a vital force in the evolution of AGPase genes. Expression analysis revealed that lotus AGPase genes have varying expression patterns, with NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a as the most predominantly expressed, especially in seed and rhizome. NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a were co-expressed with a number of starch and sucrose metabolism pathway related genes, and their expressions were accompanied by increased AGPase activity and starch content in lotus seed. CONCLUSIONS Seven AGPase genes were characterized in lotus, with NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a, as the key genes involved in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed. These results considerably extend our understanding on lotus AGPase genes and provide theoretical basis for breeding new lotus varieties with high-starch content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Hubei Province Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, 432000 Hubei China
| | - Heyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xianbao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yunmeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Junyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yaqian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
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Libao C, Minrong Z, Zhubing H, Huiying L, Shuyan L. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed the cooperative regulation of sucrose and IAA on adventitious root formation in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:653. [PMID: 32967611 PMCID: PMC7510093 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In China, lotus is an important cultivated crop with multiple applications in ornaments, food, and environmental purification. Adventitious roots (ARs), a secondary root is necessary for the uptake of nutrition and water as the lotus principle root is underdeveloped. Therefore, AR formation in seedlings is very important for lotus breeding due to its effect on plant early growth. As lotus ARs formation was significantly affected by sucrose treatment, we analyzed the expression of genes and miRNAs upon treatment with differential concentrations of sucrose, and a crosstalk between sucrose and IAA was also identified. Results Notably, 20 mg/L sucrose promoted the ARs development, whereas 60 mg/L sucrose inhibited the formation of ARs. To investigate the regulatory pathway during ARs formation, the expression of genes and miRNAs was evaluated by high-throughput tag-sequencing. We observed that the expression of 5438, 5184, and 5345 genes was enhanced in the GL20/CK0, GL60/CK0, and CK1/CK0 libraries, respectively. Further, the expression of 73, 78, and 71 miRNAs was upregulated in the ZT20/MCK0, ZT60/MCK0, and MCK1/MCK0 libraries, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that most of the differentially expressed genes and miRNAs in the GL20/GL60 and ZT20/ZT60 libraries were involved in signal transduction. A large number of these genes (29) and miRNAs (53) were associated with plant hormone metabolism. We observed an association between five miRNAs (miR160, miR156a-5p, miR397-5p_1, miR396a and miR167d) and nine genes (auxin response factor, protein brassinosteroid insensitive 1, laccase, and peroxidase 27) in the ZT20/ ZT60 libraries during ARs formation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the high-throughput tag-sequencing data. Conclusions We found that the expression of many critical genes involved in IAA synthesis and IAA transport was changed after treatment with various concentration of sucrose. Based on the change of these genes expression, IAA and sucrose content, we concluded that sucrose and IAA cooperatively regulated ARs formation. Sucrose affected ARs formation by improving IAA content at induction stage, and increased sucrose content might be also required for ARs development according to the changes tendency after application of exogenous IAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Libao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Zhao Minrong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hu Zhubing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Liu Huiying
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Li Shuyan
- College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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