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Christofaro DGD, Tebar WR, Vanderlei LCM, Fernandes RA, Mota J, Mielke GI, Ritti-Dias RM. Association of cardiac autonomic modulation with different intensities of physical activity in a small Brazilian inner city: a gender analysis. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:649-655. [PMID: 35184676 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2044913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPhysical activity has been linked to higher cardiac autonomic modulation. However, it is not clear in the literature which type of intensity of physical activity (sedentary, light, moderate, or vigorous) could be related to better cardiac autonomic modulation and whether this relationship is similar in men and women. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cardiac autonomic modulation and the different intensities of physical activity in men and women. The sample included 100 men and 131 women. Cardiac autonomic modulation was obtained by heart rate variability (SDNN, RMSSD, LF un, HF un, SD1, and SD2). Time spent in different intensities (sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity) was measured using a waist-worn accelerometer for seven days. Linear regression was used to verify the relationship between physical activity and cardiac autonomic modulation, considering the adjustment for age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic level. Among men, a significant relationship of moderate intensity was observed with SDNN (β=2.442; p = 0.021) and SD2 (β=2.936, p = 0.028), and of vigorous intensity with SDNN (β=12.826, p = 0.028), RMSSD (β=16.370, p = 0.018), and SD1 (β=12.344, p = 0.025) indices. Among women, light-intensity physical activity was significantly related with LFnu (β= .655, p = 0.005) and HFnu (β= -.590, p = 0.010). Moderate and vigorous physical activity was associated with better cardiac autonomic modulation in men. Light physical activity was associated with lower sympathetic modulation in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G D Christofaro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - William R Tebar
- Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos M Vanderlei
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Rômulo A Fernandes
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gregore I Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Applicability of Physiological Monitoring Systems within Occupational Groups: A Systematic Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217249. [PMID: 34770556 PMCID: PMC8587311 DOI: 10.3390/s21217249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of physiological monitoring technologies has produced exceptional opportunities for real-time collection and analysis of workers' physiological information. To benefit from these safety and health prognostic opportunities, research efforts have explored the applicability of these devices to control workers' wellbeing levels during occupational activities. A systematic review is proposed to summarise up-to-date progress in applying physiological monitoring systems for occupational groups. Adhering with the PRISMA Statement, five databases were searched from 2014 to 2021, and 12 keywords were combined, concluding with the selection of 38 articles. Sources of risk of bias were assessed regarding randomisation procedures, selective outcome reporting and generalisability of results. Assessment procedures involving non-invasive methods applied with health and safety-related goals were filtered. Working-age participants from homogeneous occupational groups were selected, with these groups primarily including firefighters and construction workers. Research objectives were mainly directed to assess heat stress and physiological workload demands. Heart rate related variables, thermal responses and motion tracking through accelerometry were the most common approaches. Overall, wearable sensors proved to be valid tools for assessing physiological status in working environments. Future research should focus on conducting sensor fusion assessments, engaging wearables in real-time evaluation methods and giving continuous feedback to workers and practitioners.
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Alansare AB, Bates LC, Stoner L, Kline CE, Nagle E, Jennings JR, Hanson ED, Faghy MA, Gibbs BB. Associations of Sedentary Time with Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168508. [PMID: 34444256 PMCID: PMC8391190 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate if sedentary time (ST) is associated with heart rate (HR) and variability (HRV) in adults. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Google Scholar through June 2020. Inclusion criteria were observational design, humans, adults, English language, ST as the exposure, resting HR/HRV as the outcome, and (meta-analysis only) availability of the quantitative association with variability. After qualitative synthesis, meta-analysis used inverse variance heterogeneity models to estimate pooled associations. RESULTS Thirteen and eight articles met the criteria for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. All studies were cross-sectional and few used gold standard ST or HRV assessment methodology. The qualitative synthesis suggested no associations between ST and HR/HRV. The meta-analysis found a significant association between ST and HR (β = 0.24 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.10, 0.37) that was stronger in males (β = 0.36 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.19, 0.53). Pooled associations between ST and HRV indices were non-significant (p > 0.05). Substantial heterogeneity was detected. CONCLUSIONS The limited available evidence suggests an unfavorable but not clinically meaningful association between ST and HR, but no association with HRV. Future longitudinal studies assessing ST with thigh-based monitoring and HRV with electrocardiogram are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Bandar Alansare
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, King Khalid Rd, Riyadh 80200, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-555061381; Fax: +966-11-806-3370
| | - Lauren C. Bates
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (L.C.B.); (L.S.); (E.D.H.)
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (L.C.B.); (L.S.); (E.D.H.)
| | - Christopher E. Kline
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, 140 Trees Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.E.K.); (E.N.); (B.B.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Nagle
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, 140 Trees Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.E.K.); (E.N.); (B.B.G.)
| | - J. Richard Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Erik D. Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (L.C.B.); (L.S.); (E.D.H.)
| | - Mark A. Faghy
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK;
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, 140 Trees Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.E.K.); (E.N.); (B.B.G.)
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Korshøj M, Lund Rasmussen C, de Oliveira Sato T, Holtermann A, Hallman D. Heart rate during work and heart rate variability during the following night: a day-by-day investigation on the physical activity paradox among blue-collar workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2021; 47:387-394. [PMID: 33929548 PMCID: PMC8259705 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Contrary to leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity (OPA) may have harmful health effects, called the physical activity paradox. A proposed mechanism is that OPA can elevate the heart rate (HR) for several hours per day. We aimed to investigate the association between the mean intensity of OPA and HR variability (HRV) indices the following night. Methods: Three cohorts (NOMAD, DPhacto, and Physical Workload and Fitness) involving blue-collar workers from different sectors were merged in this study. HR monitors (Actiheart) recorded 24-hour inter-beat intervals (IBI) for up to four consecutive days. The relative intensity of the mean HR during work was estimated by HR reserve (%HRR), and time-domain indices of HRV were analyzed during the following night. Data were analyzed using a multilevel growth model to test the association between mean %HRR during work and HRV indices at night in a day-by-day analysis adjusted for age, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking, and occupation. Results: The dataset included a sample of 878 Danish blue-collar workers, with a mean %HRR during work of 31%, and 42% worked at an intensity ≥30%HRR. The multilevel model showed negative within- and between-subject associations between %HRR during work and HRV indices at night. Conclusions: Our results indicate a higher %HRR during work to associate with lower HRV indices the following night and a higher HR, reflecting an imbalanced autonomic cardiac modulation. This finding supports a high mean HR during work to be a potential underlying mechanism for the harmful health effect of OPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Holbæk Hospital Gl. Ringstedvej 4B, 4300 Hobæk, Denmark.
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Tomes C, Schram B, Orr R. Relationships Between Heart Rate Variability, Occupational Performance, and Fitness for Tactical Personnel: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2020; 8:583336. [PMID: 33240835 PMCID: PMC7680786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.583336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Heart Rate Variability has gained substantial interest in both clinical and athletic settings as a measurement tool for quantifying autonomic nervous system activity and psychophysiological stress. However, its uses in tactical work settings, such as military, police, and firefighting environments, remain controversial. Given the physical, mental, and emotional stress public safety personnel face both operationally and in training, heart rate variability measurement may be key in promoting their health, safety and operational effectiveness. Methods: This study identified, critically appraised, and summarized primary studies investigating relationships between heart rate variability and outcomes of interest to tactical personnel. Key literature databases were searched, and quality assessment checklists were applied to analyze retained literature. The results of the screening and assessment processes, along with key data extracted from each study were summarized and tabulated. Research gaps were also identified to facilitate improvements to how tactical personnel and health or performance providers may best utilize heart rate variability to monitor or promote personnel health and performance, and thereby facilitate public safety. Results: Twenty studies were included and were all of generally high quality. Cohort size, length of follow-up, measurement objectives, data acquisition, and data analysis all varied considerably across studies, precluding meta-analysis. However, study results correlating heart rate variability and relevant outcomes indicated that overall, heart rate variability is an effective indicator of key fitness and performance elements in the tactical work setting. Conclusions: Heart rate variability can be an effective health and performance tool in tactical work environments. However, measurement methods must be carefully selected and applied. Further research is required to understand causal relationships. Specifically, larger cohort inclusion and the isolation and study of specific variables unique to public safety work and training may improve the effectiveness of heart rate variability measurement to provide meaningful information to end users and providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Tomes
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia.,Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Ben Schram
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Robin Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
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Tebar WR, Ritti-Dias RM, Saraiva BTC, Gil FCS, Delfino LD, Damato TMM, Aguilar BAS, Silva SCB, Mota J, Vanderlei LCM, Christofaro DG. The relationship between physical activity intensity and domains with cardiac autonomic modulation in adults: An observational protocol study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17400. [PMID: 31593091 PMCID: PMC6799861 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac autonomic modulation is an important marker of cardiovascular health and the practice of physical activity is a fundamental tool for good maintenance or increments in this marker. However, it is not clear in the literature whether different intensities and different domains of physical activity are related in the same way to cardiac autonomic modulation. OBJECTIVES This randomized epidemiologic study will examine the relationship between cardiac autonomic modulation and different intensities and domains of physical activity in a representative sample of adults. METHODS The sample of study will consist of 252 subjects aged from 18 years and above. The sample will be randomized through census sectors in which the neighborhoods, streets, and houses will also be randomized. Cardiac autonomic modulation will be assessed by heart rate variability and the intensity (mild, moderate, intense) of physical activity will be evaluated by means of accelerometers, while the different domains of physical activity (physical activity at work, occupational activities) will be evaluated through a questionnaire. The relationship between cardiac autonomic modulation and different physical activity intensities, as well as the different domains will be analyzed by linear regression, considering a statistical significance of 5% and a 95% confidence interval. This research protocol is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov at number NCT03986879.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Tebar
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | | | - Bruna T. C. Saraiva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Fernanda C. S. Gil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Leandro D. Delfino
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Tatiana M. M. Damato
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Beatriz A. S. Aguilar
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Stéfany C. B. Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Diego G.D. Christofaro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente
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Mehta RK, Peres SC, Kannan P, Rhee J, Shortz AE, Sam Mannan M. Comparison of objective and subjective operator fatigue assessment methods in offshore shiftwork. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Foulds HJA. High Volume Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risks. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:353-354. [PMID: 28203690 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Föhr T, Pietilä J, Helander E, Myllymäki T, Lindholm H, Rusko H, Kujala UM. Physical activity, body mass index and heart rate variability-based stress and recovery in 16 275 Finnish employees: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:701. [PMID: 27484470 PMCID: PMC4971625 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity, overweight, and work-related stress are major concerns today. Psychological stress causes physiological responses such as reduced heart rate variability (HRV), owing to attenuated parasympathetic and/or increased sympathetic activity in cardiac autonomic control. This study's purpose was to investigate the relationships between physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), and HRV-based stress and recovery on workdays, among Finnish employees. METHODS The participants in this cross-sectional study were 16 275 individuals (6863 men and 9412 women; age 18-65 years; BMI 18.5-40.0 kg/m(2)). Assessments of stress, recovery and PA were based on HRV data from beat-to-beat R-R interval recording (mainly over 3 days). The validated HRV-derived variables took into account the dynamics and individuality of HRV. Stress percentage (the proportion of stress reactions, workday and working hours), and stress balance (ratio between recovery and stress reactions, sleep) describe the amount of physiological stress and recovery, respectively. Variables describing the intensity (i.e. magnitude of recognized reactions) of physiological stress and recovery were stress index (workday) and recovery index (sleep), respectively. Moderate to vigorous PA was measured and participants divided into the following groups, based on calculated weekly PA: inactive (0 min), low (0 < 150 min), medium (150-300 min), and high (>300 min). BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Linear models were employed in the main analyses. RESULTS High PA was associated with lower stress percentages (during workdays and working hours) and stress balance. Higher BMI was associated with higher stress index, and lower stress balance and recovery index. These results were similar for men and women (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSION Independent of age and sex, high PA was associated with a lower amount of stress on workdays. Additionally, lower BMI was associated with better recovery during sleep, expressed by a greater amount and magnitude of recovery reactions, which suggests that PA in the long term resulting in improved fitness has a positive effect on recovery, even though high PA may disturb recovery during the following night. Obviously, several factors outside of the study could also affect HRV-based stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Föhr
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Julia Pietilä
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 527, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Helander
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 527, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero Myllymäki
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harri Lindholm
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Rusko
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Urho M. Kujala
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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