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Nanda SS, Kim D, Yang H, An SSA, Yi DK. Synergistic Effect of SiO 2 and Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles in Autophagy Modulation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1033. [PMID: 38921909 PMCID: PMC11207018 DOI: 10.3390/nano14121033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Rapid advancements in nanotechnology have expanded its applications and synergistic impact on modern nanosystems. The comprehensive assessment of nanomaterials' safety for human exposure has become crucial and heightened. In addition to the characterization of cell proliferation and apoptosis, probing the implication of autophagy is vital for understanding the ramification of nanomaterials. Hence, HEK-293 kidney cells were employed to understand the changes in induction and perturbation of autophagy in cells by iron oxide (Fe3O4) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. Interestingly, Fe3O4 worked as a potent modulator of the autophagy process through its catalytic performance, which can develop better than that of SiO2 nanoparticles mechanism, stressing their therapeutic implication in the understanding of cell behaviors. The quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured along with the process of autophagy during cell growth. This modulated autophagy will help in cell fate determination in complementary therapy for disease treatment, provide a clinical strategy for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danyeong Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hyewon Yang
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea;
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2
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Ulanova M, Gloag L, Kim CK, Bongers A, Kim Duong HT, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD, Sachdev PS, Braidy N. Biocompatibility and proteomic profiling of DMSA-coated iron nanocubes in a human glioblastoma cell line. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:303-323. [PMID: 38270934 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Superparamagnetic iron core iron oxide shell nanocubes have previously shown superior performance in magnetic resonance imaging T2 contrast enhancement compared with spherical nanoparticles. Methods: Iron core iron oxide shell nanocubes were synthesized, stabilized with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA-NC) and physicochemically characterized. MRI contrast enhancement and biocompatibility were assessed in vitro. Results: DMSA-NC showed a transverse relaxivity of 122.59 mM-1·s-1 Fe. Treatment with DMSA-NC did not induce cytotoxicity or oxidative stress in U-251 cells, and electron microscopy demonstrated DMSA-NC localization within endosomes and lysosomes in cells following internalization. Global proteomics revealed dysregulation of iron storage, transport, transcription and mRNA processing proteins. Conclusion: DMSA-NC is a promising T2 MRI contrast agent which, in this preliminary investigation, demonstrates favorable biocompatibility with an astrocyte cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ulanova
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Mathematical & Physical Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Chul-Kyu Kim
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Andre Bongers
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- National Imaging Facility, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Hong Thien Kim Duong
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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3
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Shen L, Liao K, Yang E, Yang F, Lin W, Wang J, Fan S, Huang X, Chen L, Shen H, Jin H, Ruan Y, Liu X, Zeng G, Xu JF, Pi J. Macrophage targeted iron oxide nanodecoys augment innate immunological and drug killings for more effective Mycobacterium Tuberculosis clearance. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:369. [PMID: 37817142 PMCID: PMC10563239 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, is still one of the top killers worldwide among infectious diseases. The escape of Mtb from immunological clearance and the low targeting effects of anti-TB drugs remain the substantial challenges for TB control. Iron is particularly required for Mtb growth but also toxic for Mtb in high dosages, which makes iron an ideal toxic decoy for the 'iron-tropic' Mtb. Here, a macrophage-targeted iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs)-derived IONPs-PAA-PEG-MAN nanodecoy is designed to augment innate immunological and drug killings against intracellular Mtb. IONPs-PAA-PEG-MAN nanodecoy exhibits preferential uptake in macrophages to significantly increase drug uptake with sustained high drug contents in host cells. Moreover, it can serve as a specific nanodecoy for the 'iron-tropic' Mtb to realize the localization of Mtb contained phagosomes surrounding the drug encapsulated nanodecoys and co-localization of Mtb with the drug encapsulated nanodecoys in lysosomes, where the incorporated rifampicin (Rif) can be readily released under acidic lysosomal condition for enhanced Mtb killing. This drug encapsulated nanodecoy can also polarize Mtb infected macrophages into anti-mycobacterial M1 phenotype and enhance M1 macrophage associated pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) production to trigger innate immunological responses against Mtb. Collectively, Rif@IONPs-PAA-PEG-MAN nanodecoy can synergistically enhance the killing efficiency of intracellular Mtb in in vitro macrophages and ex vivo monocyte-derived macrophages, and also significantly reduce the mycobacterial burdens in the lung of infected mice with alleviated pathology. These results indicate that Rif@IONPs-PAA-PEG-MAN nanodecoy may have a potential for the development of more effective therapeutic strategy against TB by manipulating augmented innate immunity and drug killings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Kangsheng Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Medical University, ZhanJiang, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Enzhuo Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Medical University, ZhanJiang, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wensen Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xueqin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Lingming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Medical University, ZhanJiang, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongbo Shen
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gucheng Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Medical University, ZhanJiang, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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4
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Qiao D, Zhang T, Tang M. Autophagy regulation by inorganic, organic, and organic/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles: Organelle damage, regulation factors, and potential pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23429. [PMID: 37409715 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology requires a more thorough understanding of the potential health effects caused by nanoparticles (NPs). As a programmed cell death, autophagy is one of the biological effects induced by NPs, which maintain intracellular homeostasis by degrading damaged organelles and removing aggregates of defective proteins through lysosomes. Currently, autophagy has been shown to be associated with the development of several diseases. A significant number of research have demonstrated that most NPs can regulate autophagy, and their regulation of autophagy is divided into induction and blockade. Studying the autophagy regulation by NPs will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the toxicity of NPs. In this review, we will illustrate the effects of different types of NPs on autophagy, including inorganic NPs, organic NPs, and organic/inorganic hybrid NPs. The potential mechanisms by which NPs regulate autophagy are highlighted, including organelle damage, oxidative stress, inducible factors, and multiple signaling pathways. In addition, we list the factors influencing NPs-regulated autophagy. This review may provide basic information for the safety assessment of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Smolková B, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Iron oxide nanoparticles trigger endoplasmic reticulum damage in steatotic hepatic cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4250-4268. [PMID: 37560414 PMCID: PMC10408607 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being actively researched in various biomedical applications, particularly as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for diagnosing various liver pathologies like nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Emerging evidence suggests that IONPs may exacerbate hepatic steatosis and liver injury in susceptible livers such as those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, our understanding of how IONPs may affect steatotic cells at the sub-cellular level is still fragmented. Generally, there is a lack of studies identifying the molecular mechanisms of potential toxic and/or adverse effects of IONPs on "non-heathy" in vitro models. In this study, we demonstrate that IONPs, at a dose that does not cause general toxicity in hepatic cells (Alexander and HepG2), induce significant toxicity in steatotic cells (cells loaded with non-toxic doses of palmitic acid). Mechanistically, co-treatment with PA and IONPs resulted in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, accompanied by the release of cathepsin B from lysosomes to the cytosol. The release of cathepsin B, along with ER stress, led to the activation of apoptotic cell death. Our results suggest that it is necessary to consider the interaction between IONPs and the liver, especially in susceptible livers. This study provides important basic knowledge for the future optimization of IONPs as MRI contrast agents for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
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6
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Uzhytchak M, Smolková B, Lunova M, Frtús A, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Lysosomal nanotoxicity: Impact of nanomedicines on lysosomal function. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114828. [PMID: 37075952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Although several nanomedicines got clinical approval over the past two decades, the clinical translation rate is relatively small so far. There are many post-surveillance withdrawals of nanomedicines caused by various safety issues. For successful clinical advancement of nanotechnology, it is of unmet need to realize cellular and molecular foundation of nanotoxicity. Current data suggest that lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanoparticles is emerging as the most common intracellular trigger of nanotoxicity. This review analyzes prospect mechanisms of lysosomal dysfunction-mediated toxicity induced by nanoparticles. We summarized and critically assessed adverse drug reactions of current clinically approved nanomedicines. Importantly, we show that physicochemical properties have great impact on nanoparticles interaction with cells, excretion route and kinetics, and subsequently on toxicity. We analyzed literature on adverse reactions of current nanomedicines and hypothesized that adverse reactions might be linked with lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanomedicines. Finally, from our analysis it becomes clear that it is unjustifiable to generalize safety and toxicity of nanoparticles, since different particles possess distinct toxicological properties. We propose that the biological mechanism of the disease progression and treatment should be central in the optimization of nanoparticle design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Frtús
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic.
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7
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Frtús A, Smolková B, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Jirsa M, Petrenko Y, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Mechanical Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in a 3D-Engineered Liver Tumor Microenvironment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:2408-2425. [PMID: 37001010 PMCID: PMC10170482 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
It has become evident that physical stimuli of the cellular microenvironment transmit mechanical cues regulating key cellular functions, such as proliferation, migration, and malignant transformation. Accumulating evidence suggests that tumor cells face variable mechanical stimuli that may induce metabolic rewiring of tumor cells. However, the knowledge of how tumor cells adapt metabolism to external mechanical cues is still limited. We therefore designed soft 3D collagen scaffolds mimicking a pathological mechanical environment to decipher how liver tumor cells would adapt their metabolic activity to physical stimuli of the cellular microenvironment. Here, we report that the soft 3D microenvironment upregulates the glycolysis of HepG2 and Alexander cells. Both cell lines adapt their mitochondrial activity and function under growth in the soft 3D microenvironment. Cells grown in the soft 3D microenvironment exhibit marked mitochondrial depolarization, downregulation of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I, and slow proliferation rate in comparison with stiff monolayer cultures. Our data reveal the coupling of liver tumor glycolysis to mechanical cues. It is proposed here that soft 3D collagen scaffolds can serve as a useful model for future studies of mechanically regulated cellular functions of various liver (potentially other tissues as well) tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Yuriy Petrenko
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
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8
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Negi S, Chaudhuri A, Kumar DN, Dehari D, Singh S, Agrawal AK. Nanotherapeutics in autophagy: a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2589-2612. [PMID: 35149969 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process in which an organism responds to its nutrient or metabolic emergencies. It involves the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles by forming double-membrane vesicles called "autophagosomes." They sequester cargoes, leading them to degradation in the lysosomes. Although autophagy acts as a protective mechanism for maintaining homeostasis through cellular recycling, it is ostensibly a cause of certain cancers, but a cure for others. In other words, insufficient autophagy, due to genetic or cellular dysfunctions, can lead to tumorigenesis. However, many autophagy modulators are developed for cancer therapy. Diverse nanoparticles have been documented to induce autophagy. Also, the highly stable nanoparticles show blockage to autophagic flux. In this review, we revealed a general mechanism by which autophagy can be induced or blocked via nanoparticles as well as several studies recently performed to prove the stated fact. In addition, we have also elucidated the paradoxical roles of autophagy in cancer and how their differential role at different stages of various cancers can affect its treatment outcomes. And finally, we summarize the breakthroughs in cancer disease treatments by using metallic, polymeric, and liposomal nanoparticles as potent autophagy modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shloka Negi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Aiswarya Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Dulla Naveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Deepa Dehari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
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9
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Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized by a glycine-modified coprecipitation method: Structure and magnetic properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Trybus W, Król T, Trybus E. Rhein induces changes in the lysosomal compartment of HeLa cells. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1506-1524. [PMID: 35901236 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rhein is an anthraquinone found in Rheum palmatum, used in Chinese medicine. Due to potential anticancer properties, the study assessed its effect on the lysosomal compartment, which indirectly influences cell death. The experiment was performed on HeLa cells by treating them with rhein at concentrations of 100-300 µM. LC3-II protein and caspase 3/7 activity, level of apoptosis, the concentration of reactive oxide species (ROS), and mitochondrial potential (Δψm) were evaluated by the cytometric method. To evaluate the permeability of the lysosomal membrane (LMP), staining with acridine orange and the assessment of activity of cathepsin D and L in the lysosomal and extralysosomal fractions were used. Cell viability was assessed by -(3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays. Changes in cells were also demonstrated at the level of electron, optical, confocal, and fluorescence microscopy. Inhibition of autophagy was done using chloroquine. Rhein-induced degradation processes were confirmed by an increase in the number of primary lysosomes, autophagosomes, and autolysosomes. At high concentrations, rhein caused the generation of ROS, which induced LMP expressed by quenching of acridine orange fluorescence. These results correlated with a reduction of lysosomes, as visualized in graphical modeling, with the decreased uptake of NR by lysosomes, and increased activity of cathepsin D and L in the extralysosomal fraction. The studies also showed an increase in the activity of caspase 3/7 and a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 protein, indicative of rhein-stimulated apoptosis. At the same time, we demonstrated that preincubation of cells with chloroquine inhibited rhein-induced autophagy and contributed to increased cytotoxicity to HeLa cells. Rhein also induced DNA damage and led to cycle arrest in the S phase. Our results indicate that rhein, by inducing changes in the lysosomal compartment, indirectly affects apoptosis of HeLa cells and in combination with autophagy inhibitors may be an effective form of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Trybus
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Teodora Król
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Ewa Trybus
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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11
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Frtús A, Smolková B, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Jirsa M, Henry SJW, Dejneka A, Stephanopoulos N, Lunov O. The interactions between DNA nanostructures and cells: A critical overview from a cell biology perspective. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:10-22. [PMID: 35523414 PMCID: PMC9590281 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has yielded remarkable advances in composite materials with diverse applications in biomedicine. The specificity and predictability of building 3D structures at the nanometer scale make DNA nanotechnology a promising tool for uses in biosensing, drug delivery, cell modulation, and bioimaging. However, for successful translation of DNA nanostructures to real-world applications, it is crucial to understand how they interact with living cells, and the consequences of such interactions. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the interactions of DNA nanostructures with cells. We identify key challenges, from a cell biology perspective, that influence progress towards the clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. We close by providing an outlook on what questions must be addressed to accelerate the clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Self-assembled DNA nanostructures (DNs) offers unique opportunities to overcome persistent challenges in the nanobiotechnology field. However, the interactions between engineered DNs and living cells are still not well defined. Critical systematization of current cellular models and biological responses triggered by DNs is a crucial foundation for the successful clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. Moreover, such an analysis will identify the pitfalls and challenges that are present in the field, and provide a basis for overcoming those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Skylar J W Henry
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States; Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States; Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States.
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
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12
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Mîndrilă B, Rogoveanu I, Buteică SA, Cercelaru L, Mihaiescu DE, Mănescu MD, Mîndrilă I, Pirici I. Liver Histopathological Changes Related to Intraperitoneal Administration of Salicylic Acid/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles to C57BL/6 Mice. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2022; 48:146-154. [PMID: 36320876 PMCID: PMC9590356 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.48.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With a simple synthesis and easy engineering of physicochemical properties, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have become widely used in multiple biomedical applications. The study of IONPs toxicity has become an important issue, especially as the results reported so far are contradictory and range from lack of toxicity to cellular toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes induced in mouse liver by long-term intraperitoneal injection of low doses of IONPs functionalized with salicylic acid (SaIONPs). The study was performed on C57BL/6 mice that received by intraperitoneal injection (IP), every two days, 0.6ml of SaIONPs aqueous suspension (35mg/kg body weight SaIONPs that contained 20mg/kg body weight of Fe3O4) for 28 days. The results of this study showed that the cumulative dose of 105mg/kg body weight SaIONPs (62mg/kg body weight of Fe3O4) induced histopathological changes in the subcapsular region of the mouse liver, possible by the release of salicylic acid into the peritoneal cavity. The cumulative dose of 244mg/kg body weight SaIONPs (145mg/kg body weight of Fe3O4) induced liver centrilobular necrosis, which requires the use of lower doses in biological applications. However, this may prove to be beneficial in the case of targeted accumulation of SaIONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Mîndrilă
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Rogoveanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Liliana Cercelaru
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Dan-Eduard Mihaiescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ion Mîndrilă
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Ionica Pirici
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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13
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Zhang L, Feng G, Yang S, Liu B, Niu Y, Fan P, Liu Z, Chen J, Cui L, Zhou G, Jing H, Liu J, Shen Y. Polyethylenimine-Modified Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Induce a Survival Mechanism in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Microvesicle-Mediated Autophagosome Release. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10640-10658. [PMID: 34080832 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted more and more attention as promising materials for biomolecule delivery. However, the lack of detailed evaluation relevant to the potential cytotoxicity of these MSNs is still a major obstacle for their applications. Unlike the bare MSNs and amino- or liposome-modified MSNs, we found that polyethylenimine-modified MSNs (MSNs-PEI) had no obvious toxicity to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at the concentrations up to 100 μg/mL. However, MSNs-PEI induced autophagosomes accumulation by blocking their fusion with lysosomes, an essential mechanism for the cytotoxicity of many nanoparticles (NPs). Thus, we predicted that an alternative pathway for autophagosome clearance exists in HUVECs to relieve autophagic stress induced by MSNs-PEI. We found that MSNs-PEI prevented STX17 loading onto autophagosomes instead of influencing lysosomal pH or proteolytic activity. MSNs-PEI induced the structural alternation of the cytoskeleton but did not cause endoplasmic reticulum stress. The accumulated autophagosomes were released to the extracellular space via microvesicles (MVs) when the autophagic degradation was blocked by MSNs-PEI. More importantly, blockade of either autophagosome formation or release caused the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and excessive ROS production in the MSNs-PEI-treated HUVECs, which in turn led to cell death. Thus, we propose here that the MV-mediated autophagosome release, a compensation mechanism, allows the vascular endothelial cell survival when the degradation of autophagosomes is blocked by MSNs-PEI. Accordingly, promoting the release of accumulated autophagosomes may be a protective strategy against the endothelial toxicity of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Gaoqing Feng
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuoye Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yakun Niu
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pei Fan
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingxuan Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liuqing Cui
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guangzhou Zhou
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongjuan Jing
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yunpeng Shen
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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14
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Sanchez Barea J, Kang D. Integration of Surface‐enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with
PCR
for Monitoring Single Copy of
KRAS G12D
Mutation. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Sanchez Barea
- Department of Chemistry Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Ku Kang
- Department of Chemistry Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
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15
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Impact of Galactoxyloglucan Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Tumor Management. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01971-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Frtús A, Smolková B, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Jirsa M, Kubinová Š, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Analyzing the mechanisms of iron oxide nanoparticles interactions with cells: A road from failure to success in clinical applications. J Control Release 2020; 328:59-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Frtús A, Smolková B, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Jirsa M, Hof M, Jurkiewicz P, Lozinsky VI, Wolfová L, Petrenko Y, Kubinová Š, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Hepatic Tumor Cell Morphology Plasticity under Physical Constraints in 3D Cultures Driven by YAP-mTOR Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120430. [PMID: 33260691 PMCID: PMC7759829 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies undoubtedly show that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the Hippo–Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathways are important mediators of mechanical cues. The crosstalk between these pathways as well as de-regulation of their signaling has been implicated in multiple tumor types, including liver tumors. Additionally, physical cues from 3D microenvironments have been identified to alter gene expression and differentiation of different cell lineages. However, it remains incompletely understood how physical constraints originated in 3D cultures affect cell plasticity and what the key mediators are of such process. In this work, we use collagen scaffolds as a model of a soft 3D microenvironment to alter cellular size and study the mechanotransduction that regulates that process. We show that the YAP-mTOR axis is a downstream effector of 3D cellular culture-driven mechanotransduction. Indeed, we found that cell mechanics, dictated by the physical constraints of 3D collagen scaffolds, profoundly affect cellular proliferation in a YAP–mTOR-mediated manner. Functionally, the YAP–mTOR connection is key to mediate cell plasticity in hepatic tumor cell lines. These findings expand the role of YAP–mTOR-driven mechanotransduction to the control hepatic tumor cellular responses under physical constraints in 3D cultures. We suggest a tentative mechanism, which coordinates signaling rewiring with cytoplasmic restructuring during cell growth in 3D microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Piotr Jurkiewicz
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Vladimir I. Lozinsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Lucie Wolfová
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.W.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Contipro a.s., 56102 Dolni Dobrouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yuriy Petrenko
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.W.); (Y.P.)
| | - Šárka Kubinová
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.W.); (Y.P.)
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (O.L.); Tel.: +420-2660-52141 (A.D.); +420-2660-52131 (O.L.)
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (B.S.); (M.U.); (M.L.); (Š.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (O.L.); Tel.: +420-2660-52141 (A.D.); +420-2660-52131 (O.L.)
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18
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Multifunctional Fe 3O 4-Au Nanoparticles for the MRI Diagnosis and Potential Treatment of Liver Cancer. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091646. [PMID: 32825748 PMCID: PMC7558883 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterodimeric nanoparticles comprising materials with different functionalities are of great interest for fundamental research and biomedical/industrial applications. In this work, Fe3O4-Au nano-heterostructures were synthesized by a one-step thermal decomposition method. The hybrid nanoparticles comprise a highly crystalline 12 nm magnetite octahedron decorated with a single noble metal sphere of 6 nm diameter. Detailed analysis of the nanoparticles was performed by UV-visible spectroscopy, magnetometry, calorimetry and relaxometry studies. The cytotoxic effect of the nanoparticles in the human hepatic cell line Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5-Alexander was also assessed. These Fe3O4-Au bifunctional nanoparticles showed no significant cytotoxicity in these two cell lines. The nanoparticles showed a good theranostic potential for liver cancer treatment, since the r2 relaxivity (166.5 mM−1·s−1 and 99.5 mM−1·s−1 in water and HepG2 cells, respectively) is higher than the corresponding values for commercial T2 contrast agents and the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value obtained (227 W/gFe) is enough to make them suitable as heat mediators for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia. The gold counterpart can further allow the conjugation with different biomolecules and the optical sensing.
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