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Khan SA, Khan A, Malik MI. Primary hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis in a cohort of Pakistani children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:669-672. [PMID: 35405772 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primary hypertriglyceridemia is a rare condition in children. Hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis is most commonly reported in adults, accounting for third most common cause after gallstones and alcohol consumption. The study aims to highlight the frequency of hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis in a cohort of children presenting in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS A retrospective review of paediatric patients with pancreatitis was conducted in Shifa International hospital, Islamabad, from 2013 to 2020. All patients under 18 years of age who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. Medical records of patients were checked for symptoms, signs, age, growth parameters and laboratory investigations. Patients who had HTG were reviewed in detail for family history of pancreatitis or dyslipidemias. RESULTS We found a cohort of 6 patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia after excluding secondary causes. Out of these 6 patients, 4 (66.6%) were male and 2 (33.3%) were female. Minimum age of our patient was 2 months and maximum was 17 years with a mean age of 6.5 years. Two patients presented less than one year of age. Mean triglyceride levels was 1,599 + 523 mg/dL. Four patients (66.6%) had acute pancreatitis, one each (16.6%) had recurrent and chronic pancreatitis. Family history was positive for hyperlipidaemia in two patients who had positive consanguinity. Patients with positive family history were symptomatic at earlier age. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to highlight primary hypertriglyceridemia presenting as pancreatitis in paediatric population from Pakistan. All patients had triglycerides level of greater than 1000 mg/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeen Abid Khan
- Paediatrics Gastroenterologist, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anusha Khan
- Paediatrics Gastroenterologist, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Munir Iqbal Malik
- Paediatrics Gastroenterologist, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Oliosa PR, Zaniqueli DDA, Barbosa MCR, Mill JG. Relação entre composição corporal e dislipidemias em crianças e adolescentes. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:3743-3752. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320182410.17662017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Verificou-se a relação entre diferentes índices antropométricos e os lipídios plasmáticos. Os dados foram coletados de 2014 a 2016 em 854 escolares (6-18 anos). Foram aferidas a circunferência da cintura (CC), o percentual de gordura corporal (%G) por bioimpedância, o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e relação da cintura/estatura (RCE). Em sangue coletado em jejum mediu-se o colesterol total (CT), HDLc, e triglicerídeos e calculou-se o colesterol não HDL (Não HDLc). Os dados são apresentados por média ± desvio padrão, porcentagens. A comparação de médias foi feita pelo teste t ou ANOVA seguida de teste de Tukey. A associação entre variáveis foi testada por regressão linear. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Meninos obesos tinham CT, Não HDLc e LDLc mais elevados do que os eutróficos. Em meninas este achado foi apenas para o Não HDLc. Crianças com o %G e RCE inadequados apresentaram LDLc e Não HDLc maiores (p < 0,001), os quais associaram-se positivamente (p < 0,001) com as frações lipídicas (CT e Não HDLc). O excesso de gordura corporal elevou em 21% a probabilidade de ocorrência de colesterol acima da referência (170 mg/dL). O excesso de gordura corporal associou-se com o perfil lipídico aterogênico (maior Não HDLc), principalmente em meninos.
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Di Guglielmo MD, Perdue L, Adeyemi A, van Golen KL, Corao DU. Immunohistochemical Staining for Uroguanylin, a Satiety Hormone, is Decreased in Intestinal Tissue Specimens From Female Adolescents With Obesity. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2018; 21:285-295. [PMID: 28847213 PMCID: PMC5647253 DOI: 10.1177/1093526617722912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract-secreted satiety hormones play a significant role in one of the largest health-care challenges for children and adults, obesity. Recent studies in mice identified a novel role for uroguanylin, the endogenous intestinal hormone that binds guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), in regulating satiety via a gut-brain signaling pathway. Mice bred without GUCY2C receptors over-ate and developed obesity. We hypothesized that intestinal uroguanylin expression in pediatric patients with obesity would be lower than patients without obesity, and we attempted to examine the difference with immunohistochemistry. Retrospective chart review of gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures at an academic children's hospital identified patients with normal pathology findings on biopsy. Children aged 8-17 were included in the review; we analyzed biopsy samples from 20 matched pairs that differed only by body mass index (BMI)-for-age (average: 25%-75% vs. high: >95%). Biopsies of the duodenum, terminal ileum, ascending colon, and descending colon were subjected to immunohistochemistry for GUCY2C, uroguanylin, and the endogenous colonic hormone, guanylin. Intensity staining of all specimens was scored by a blinded pathologist. The overall staining intensity for females with high BMI-for-age was less for uroguanylin and guanylin as compared to average BMI-for-age females while GUCY2C staining was equal. Males did not exhibit different staining intensities for uroguanylin or guanylin. More matched female pairs had greater uroguanylin and guanylin staining in the average BMI-for-age cohort. The intestinal expression of uroguanylin, a key satiety hormone, appears to be diminished in female pediatric patients in the setting of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Di Guglielmo
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Lacey Perdue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Adebowale Adeyemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Kenneth L van Golen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Diana U Corao
- Department of Pathology, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
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The triglycerides and glucose index is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:920-925. [PMID: 28853725 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundGiven the usefulness of the product of triglycerides and glucose (TyG) to recognize individuals at high risk for developing cardiovascular events, the aim of this study was to determine whether the TyG index is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy normal-weight children and adolescents.MethodsApparently healthy children and adolescents with normal weight, aged 6-15 years, were enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study. The children were allocated into groups with and without cardiovascular risk factors. Cardiovascular risk factors were considered as the occurrence of at least one of the following: elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or hyperglycemia.ResultsA total of 2,117 children and adolescents were enrolled in the study; of them, 1,078 (50.9%) participants exhibited cardiovascular risk. The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that elevated TyG index was significantly associated with hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio (OR)=96.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 48.44-192.04), low HDL-C (OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.46-2.92), and hyperglycemia (OR=3.11, 95% CI: 2.05-4.72), but not with elevated blood pressure (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 0.89-2.16).ConclusionThe elevated TyG index is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in healthy normal-weight children and adolescents.
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Maffetone PB, Laursen PB. The Prevalence of Overfat Adults and Children in the US. Front Public Health 2017; 5:290. [PMID: 29164096 PMCID: PMC5671970 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The overfat condition is defined as excess body fat sufficient to impair health. The problem exists in most overweight and obese individuals and can also occur in those who are normal-weight and non-obese, often due to excess abdominal fat. Despite previous indications that the prevalence overweight and obesity is leveling, these conditions are currently at their highest levels in US history. Our review estimated the number of overfat Americans at 91% for adults and 69% for children. The primary purpose of this review was to build upon previous estimations of overfat prevalence in developed countries by using new data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate the overfat prevalence in American adults (≥20 years) and children (2-19 years), and to expand the definition of overfat as excess body fat associated with at least one additional risk factor of impaired cardiometabolic or physical health. The secondary goals are to highlight the role of dietary sugar as a primary cause of the overfat pandemic and mention new data showing the increased prevalence of exercise that parallels the rising prevalence of overfat to further emphasize the secondary role exercise may play in fat loss. Current public health guidelines to address the overfat pandemic may require more emphasis on reducing the consumption of refined carbohydrates, including added sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul B. Laursen
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
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Alqaderi H, Redline S, Tavares M, Goodson JM. Effect of late bedtime on salivary glucose and abdominal obesity in children. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-017-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Alqaderi H, Goodson JM, Subramanian SV, Tavares M. Short Sleep Duration and Screen-Based Activities: A Longitudinal Multilevel Analysis. Am J Lifestyle Med 2016; 12:340-348. [PMID: 32063819 DOI: 10.1177/1559827616667048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to identify lifestyle habits that contribute to night sleep reduction in the Kuwaiti population. Methods. Children were 10 to 12 years old and were approximately equally distributed among 138 elementary schools representing the 6 governorates of Kuwait. In the first phase of the study, data were collected from 8317 children. The same data were collected 2 years later from 6316 of the children from the first phase of the study. Calibrated examiners conducted sleep evaluation, lifestyle habits interviews, and body weight measurements. A multilevel random intercept and slope model was conducted to determine the effect of screen-based activities on the daily night sleep hours at 3 levels: within schools, among children, and over time. The primary dependent variable was the number of daily sleep hours. Independent variables assessed were lifestyle habits including screen-based activity variables including TV and video game use. Results. Screen-based activities were significant factors that reduced daily sleep hours (P < .05). There were statistically significant variations between schools and children over time. Conclusion. Longitudinal analysis of Kuwaiti children revealed that TV and video game use were major risk behaviors contributing to decreased sleep duration with strong clustering effect of the observations within schools across time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Alqaderi
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (HA, MT).,Department of Applied Oral Sciences, the Forsyth Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (JMG, MT).,Department of Social and Behavior Science, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (SVS)
| | - J Max Goodson
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (HA, MT).,Department of Applied Oral Sciences, the Forsyth Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (JMG, MT).,Department of Social and Behavior Science, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (SVS)
| | - S V Subramanian
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (HA, MT).,Department of Applied Oral Sciences, the Forsyth Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (JMG, MT).,Department of Social and Behavior Science, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (SVS)
| | - Mary Tavares
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (HA, MT).,Department of Applied Oral Sciences, the Forsyth Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts (JMG, MT).,Department of Social and Behavior Science, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (SVS)
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