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Shool S, Piri SM, Ghodsi Z, Tabrizi R, Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Mashayekhi M, Dabbagh Ohadi MA, Mojtabavi K, Abbasnezhad R, Vasighi K, Atlasi R, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Taghi Heydari S, Sharif-Alhoseini M, Shafieian M, O'Reilly G, Rahimi-Movaghar V. The prevalence of helmet use in motorcyclists around the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,006,476 participants. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2024; 31:431-469. [PMID: 38628097 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2024.2335509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Road traffic injuries present a significant public health burden, especially in developing countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized global evidence on motorcycle helmet use prevalence by including 299 records across 249 articles involving 5,006,476 participants from 1982 to 2022. The findings revealed a declining trend in helmet use prevalence over the past four decades, with an overall prevalence of 48.71%. The meta-regression analysis did not find any statistically significant change in the overall prevalence. Subgroup analysis showed higher helmet use prevalence in observation/survey records (54.29%) compared to crashed patient records (44.84%). Riders/Motorcyclists demonstrated a higher likelihood of wearing helmets than passengers in both observation/survey records (62.61 vs. 28.23%) and crashed patient records (47.76 vs. 26.61%). Countries with mandatory helmet use laws had higher helmet usage prevalence compared to those without (52.26 vs. 37.21%). The African continent had the lowest helmet use rates, while Latin America and the Caribbean regions had higher rates. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global helmet use prevalence, emphasizing disparities between high and low-income countries, variations in law enforcement, and trends over four decades. Targeted interventions are necessary to improve helmet-wearing habits, especially among passengers and regions with low usage rates. Effective legislation and awareness campaigns are crucial for promoting helmet use and reducing road traffic injuries burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Shool
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Piri
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghodsi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Network of Interdisciplinary Research in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (UNIROMS), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mashayekhi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kurosh Mojtabavi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Abbasnezhad
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Vasighi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Rasha Atlasi
- Evidence based Practice Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafieian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gerard O'Reilly
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- National Trauma and Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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AHANHANZO YOLAINEGLÈLÈ, KPOZÈHOUEN ALPHONSE, SALAMI LAMIDHI, GAFFAN NICOLAS, DOS SANTOS BELLAHOUNKPÈ, LEVEQUE ALAIN. Prevalence of fatigue while driving among two-wheeled vehicle drivers and associated factors: Exploratory approach from secondary analysis based on hospital data, Benin. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2601. [PMID: 38204813 PMCID: PMC10774848 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatigue while driving is one of the risk factors of road crashes. It's still poorly considered in interventions because of insufficient literature. In addition, the literature on this issue doesn't focus on two-wheelers, the most frequent users in the Benin context. The study examined the prevalence of fatigue while driving among two-wheeled vehicle drivers and the related factors. It's a secondary baseline data analysis from a cohort of road crash victims recruited from five hospitals in Benin. Data were collected from July 2019 to January 2020. Patients who identified themselves as drivers during the accident were included. Data on individual characteristics, including fatigue status in the moments preceding the collision, and other risk factors and environmental settings, were extracted. We used multivariate logistic regression. Among the respondents, 12.20% (95% CI=10.20-14.53) reported fatigue in the moments preceding the collision. The odds of fatigue while driving were significantly higher in male drivers (aOR=3.60; 95% CI=1.08-11.98), during professional trips (aOR=2.09; 95% CI=1.30-3.37), in non-helmet wearers (aOR=1.85; 95% CI=1.09-3.13), in users of stimulants (aOR=3.13; 95% CI=1.50-6.54), in those with a history of chronic diseases (aOR=1.95; 95% CI=1.16-3.27), at dusk (aOR=4.22; 95% CI=2.22-8.02), at night (aOR=6.90; 95% CI=3.95-12.05), and on Inter-State National Roads (aOR=2.01; 95% CI=1.18-3.43). Fatigue is a risk factor for road crashes in Benin, associated with other risk factors that highlight particularly vulnerable profiles and groups. Integrating prevention policies based on these cumulative risk factors will result in efficiency improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- YOLAINE GLÈLÈ AHANHANZO
- Multidisciplinary Research Unity for Road Crashes Prevention (ReMPARt), Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics
| | - ALPHONSE KPOZÈHOUEN
- Multidisciplinary Research Unity for Road Crashes Prevention (ReMPARt), Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics
| | - LAMIDHI SALAMI
- Department of Health Systems and Policies, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
| | - NICOLAS GAFFAN
- Multidisciplinary Research Unity for Road Crashes Prevention (ReMPARt), Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics
| | - BELLA HOUNKPÈ DOS SANTOS
- Multidisciplinary Research Unity for Road Crashes Prevention (ReMPARt), Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics
| | - ALAIN LEVEQUE
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Public Health School, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
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Daddah D, Ahanhanzo YG, Kpozehouen A, Dos-Santos BH, Bonnet E, Levêque A, Coppieters Y. Understanding the factors of road crash severity in Benin: a matched case-control study. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2313. [PMID: 37680702 PMCID: PMC10481787 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Benin, due to the unavailability of comprehensive data on road crashes, road safety policies are mainly based on partial statistics provided by the police. These remain unreliable in terms of injury severity and risk factors. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the severity of injuries after a road crash in Benin. Methods The present nested case-control study, matched for age and sex, was based on a hospital cohort of road crash victims set up in five hospitals in Benin between July 2019 and January 2020. A sample of severely injured patients according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (cases) was compared to non-severely injured patients (controls). Results The severe crash occurred mainly during the night between 8 p.m. and midnight (36.2% of cases vs. 24.4% of controls) and on main roads (57.8% of cases vs. 34.7% of controls). Factors associated with injury severity were the time of the crash: night between 8 p.m. and midnight [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 2.1; CI 95%: 1.4-3.2], major roads (national interstate roads and national roads) (AOR: 2.8; CI 95%: 2.0-4.0) and non-work-related travel (AOR: 1.8; CI 95%: 1.2-2.7). Conclusions Factors associated with road crash severity in Benin were night-time, main roads, and non-work related travel. Raising user awareness about compliance with traffic rules and improving public lighting, especially along main roads could help reduce the number of serious injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatien Daddah
- Regional Institute of Public Health-Ouidah, Benin
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | | | - Bella Hounkpe Dos-Santos
- Regional Institute of Public Health-Ouidah, Benin
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- Institute for Research on Sustainable Development (Prodig CNRS – IRD), Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University, AgroParisTech, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Alain Levêque
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Yves Coppieters
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
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Chalathadka M, Dengody PK, Ram B, Pasha AK, Madala G, Rao C. Patterns of maxillofacial trauma in helmet vs. non helmet wearing two wheeler drivers in a tertiary care center. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:314-318. [PMID: 35482898 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The frequency and patterns of maxillofacial fractures vary by country, based on demographic, socioeconomic, cultural and environmental factors. Wearing a helmet is an efficient form of head protection for two-wheeler drivers and is now required in the vast majority of countries. The aim of this study was to compare the patterns of maxillofacial trauma in patients who wore helmets and those who did not. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were gathered from clinical records of patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma between January 2019 and February 2022. The inclusion criteria were met by subjects involved in two-wheeler accidents with comprehensive case records and radiological investigations. RESULTS A total of 177 people presented following maxillofacial trauma. The mean age was 34.2 ± 12.7 years. There were 151 (85.3%) males and 26 (14.6%) females. One hundred and two patients had not been wearing a helmet, while 75 patients were wearing a helmet at the time of the accident. Mandible fractures were the most common injury in both groups, followed by zygomatic arch fractures (which were more common in non-helmet users) and dentoalveolar fractures in helmet users. CONCLUSION There was a significant difference in the pattern and severity of maxillofacial trauma in helmet users and non-helmet users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bhargav Ram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KVGDCH, Sullia, India
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