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Adekunle OA, Schommer JC, Wang YS, Yunusa I, Fleming ML, Seoane-Vazquez E, Brown LM. Perceptions of metabolic syndrome management utilization in relation to patient experience and health-related quality of life. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2024; 14:100457. [PMID: 38868396 PMCID: PMC11168489 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background One factor for the poor health outcomes among adult people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is poor utilization of disease management resources, which may be attributable to prior experience with pharmacists (PEwP) and perceptions of disease management resource utilization (PMU). Therefore, understanding patients' experience could be critical to improving their perceptions and promoting health outcomes. Objectives The study explored the influence of PEwP and PMU on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with MetS. Methods Data on perceptions of healthcare, medication, and pharmacy services utilization, PEwP, and HRQoL were collected using validated tools via an electronic survey. Chi-square and ordinal regression tests were used to predict the association between PMU, PEwP, and HRQoL. Also, mediation analysis through Haye's model 4 explored the direct and indirect relationship of PMU and PEwP on HRQoL. Results A total of 706 completed surveys were collected and used for analyses. On average, respondents reported three comorbidities. Of the respondents, 72.0% had good PEwP, while 32.6% had good PMU. Comparatively, 38.4% of those with good PEwP had good PMU, compared to 17.3% of those with poor PEwP. Also, 47.0% of those with good PMU had good HRQoL compared to 35.3% with poor PMU. The odds of having fair or good PMU were nearly triple (OR = 2.97, p < 0.001) among those with good PEwP compared to those with poor PEwP. Also, respondents with good PMU had 58% (OR = 1.58, p = 0.008) higher odds of having fair or good HRQoL. Analysis through bootstrap indicated a significant relationship (BootCI = -0.072, -0.022) between PEwP and HRQoL via respondents' PMU. Conclusions MetS individuals with good experience and PMU were more likely to have good HRQoL. Prior experience with pharmacists influenced PMU and indirectly impacted HRQoL. Therefore, pharmacists must consider patients' experience and management utilization perceptions to promote health outcome among people with MetS, while implementing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajide A. Adekunle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy Chapman, University School of Pharmacy, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Jon C. Schommer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota 7-155 Weaver-Densford Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yun S. Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences (CPOS), College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Suite 311L, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Marc L. Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy Chapman, University School of Pharmacy, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Enrique Seoane-Vazquez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy Chapman, University School of Pharmacy, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Lawrence M. Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy Chapman, University School of Pharmacy, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
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Shahabi N, Hosseini Z, Aghamolaei T, Behzad A, Ghanbarnejad A, Dadipoor S. Determinants of Adherence to Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Directed Qualitative Content Analysis Based on Pender's Health Promotion Model. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:114-125. [PMID: 37879042 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231206964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Adherence to the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which includes the use of prescribed drugs, following a healthy diet, and adopting a physically active lifestyle, is important to control the disease and improve the patients' quality of life. The present study aimed to explain the determinants of adherence to treatment in patients with T2D based on Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM). The present research used a qualitative content analysis and was based on Pender's HPM. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 T2D patients using a purposive sampling in Bandar Abbas, southern Iran. Maximum variation was considered in terms of gender, age, history of diabetes, type of drug used, education, and occupation. The data collection continued until data saturation. At the same time, the collected data were analyzed using the directed content analysis. MAXQDA 10 was used to manage codes and facilitate data analysis. The data analysis led to the extraction of 10 categories and 19 subcategories as the determinants of adherence to the treatment of T2D patients. The participants shared their experiences about personal characteristics and their ecological environment, specific cognition and emotions, and the behavioral results and experience as the determinants of adherence to T2D treatment. The categories extracted from this study in the form of HPM constructs provided a framework to explain treatment adherence. This information can help policy makers and planners in designing future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Teamur Aghamolaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Behzad
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amin Ghanbarnejad
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sara Dadipoor
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Xiong C, He Y, Zhang Y, Mai L, Chen J, Zhang Y, Yan J. Relationship between illness perception and self-management behaviors among Chinese diabetic foot patients. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2023; 20:e12550. [PMID: 37477049 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aims of the present study are to describe the status of self-management behaviors and illness perception, and explore the relationship between illness perception and self-management behaviors among Chinese diabetic foot patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at the endocrinology department of a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected on illness perception, self-management behaviors, and demographic and clinical characteristics over 9 months among 156 subjects. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Only 3.2% of participants maintained excellent self-management behaviors. Additionally, the participants perceived diabetic foot as chronic and could be well controlled through treatment. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that illness perception was associated with self-management behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Patient illness perception is an important factor influencing self-management behaviors. It may be helpful to improve self-management behaviors by tailoring the content of the intervention to fit the patients' illness perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Xiong
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Mai
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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"A disease that god has given me" patients and caregivers' perspectives on diabetes in southeastern Tanzania. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:213. [PMID: 36721139 PMCID: PMC9890837 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of diabetes has the potential of improving survival and patient health outcomes. Yet many diabetes patients present themselves to health facilities at an advanced stage of the disease which complicates its management. Individual perceptions about diseases are known to play a critical role in informing responses and actions including seeking health care and self-care practices. However, little is documented in Tanzania regarding the perspectives of diabetes patients and their caregivers about the disease especially in rural settings. METHODS We conducted 26 in-depth interviews involving 19 diabetes patients and 7 diabetes patient caregivers to explore in detail their perspectives on diabetes as a disease. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis with the help of NVivo9. RESULTS Both patients and caregivers expressed mixed perceptions on diabetes causes. In addition to heredity, and the failure of the pancreas to function well, lifestyle factors including lack of physical activity and eating too many sugary and oily foods were common reported causes. However, none of the participants were clear on the mechanisms between the perceived causes and the actual occurrence of the disease. Perception on susceptibility to diabetes was low even among participants with the disease as they reported not having ever thought of getting the condition before they were diagnosed. Some caregivers expressed worry and fear on their susceptibility to inheriting diabetes from their relatives who had the condition. Diabetes was perceived as a severe and life-threatening condition that can easily cause death if not well managed. Participants indicated uncertainty on its prevention. CONCLUSION This study shows mixed perspectives on the causes, susceptibility, severity and prevention of diabetes which were informed by the participants' limited knowledge and awareness about the disease. Interventions to strengthen responses to diabetes, which include buy-in from the patients and their caregiver's perspectives are essential to improve prevention, early diagnosis and appropriate management in rural settings.
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Alharbi S, Alhofaian A, Alaamri MM. Illness Perception and Medication Adherence among Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review. Clin Pract 2023; 13:71-83. [PMID: 36648847 PMCID: PMC9844476 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global disease with a compelling impact on developed and developing economies across the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) reported a global prevalence of 8.5% in 2014 among adults aged at least 18 years. Consequently, the condition led to a 5% increase in premature mortality from 2000 to 2016. Aim: The scoping review sought to examine illness perception and medication adherence among adult patients with T2DM. (2) Methods: The study was conducted in 2021 and covered articles published in English in the last five years. PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ScienceDirect were the primary search engines used to generate the required scholarly records. A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. (3) Results: The 20 studies selected for the scoping review covered different themes on the overall concept of illness perception and medication adherence in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Each study presented unique implications for research and influence on the policymaking relating to the treatment or the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults of different aged groups. (4) Conclusions: The studies reveal both high and low adherence to medications in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The management and treatment of the condition depend on the uptake of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin as well as the recommended therapies to enhance the clinical outcomes of the patients.
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Jeong IS, Kang CM. Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus among Korean Adults with Hyperglycemia: Using a Community-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12090. [PMID: 36231389 PMCID: PMC9566253 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the time from hyperglycemia to diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis and treatment, the risk factors for diabetes development, and the prevalence of comorbidities/complications in patients > 40 years of age. METHODS This secondary data analysis study used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The participants comprised 186 patients who did not have diabetes at baseline, but developed hyperglycemia at the first follow-up. The average and median periods until DM diagnosis and treatment were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Of the 186 participants, 57.0% were men and 35.5% were 40-49 years old. The average time to DM diagnosis and treatment was 10.87 years and 11.34 years, respectively. The risk factors for the duration of DM were current smoking, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and postprandial 2-hour glucose (PP2). The risk factors for the duration of diabetes treatment were current smoking, hypertension, BMI, FBS, and PP2. The development of one or more comorbidities or diabetes complications was identified at the time of DM diagnosis (36.5%) and DM treatment (41.4%). CONCLUSIONS As diabetes complications occur at the time of DM, and early treatment can impact the development of diabetes complications or mortality, it is necessary to establish a referral program so that participants presenting with high blood sugar levels in the screening program can be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihn-Sook Jeong
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Chan-Mi Kang
- Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan 47230, Korea
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Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Sharif Nia H, Bagheri H, Abbasi A, Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki S, Amiri Largani H, Marôco J. Psychometric evaluation of Persian version of Diabetes Acceptance Scale (DAS). BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:225. [PMID: 36076182 PMCID: PMC9461147 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acceptance of diabetes is a psychological adaptation to the potential limitations of the disease. Poor acceptance of diabetes impairs effective self-management of diabetes, leading to worsening metabolic control. This study aimed at determining the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Diabetes Acceptance Scale. METHODS This cross-sectional methodological study was performed on diabetic patients in Iran in 2021. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic characteristics and Diabetes Acceptance Scale. The questionnaire was translated into Persian through the forward-backward translation method. The face validity and content validity were performed qualitatively and quantitatively. Exploratory (n = 200) and confirmatory (n = 200) factor analysis were performed to evaluate the validity of the structure. Internal consistency and temporal stability were estimated to determine reliability. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis on the polychoric correlation matrix obtained three factors: Rational dealing, Resentment and Avoidance, which explained 68.8% of the total DAS variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 3-fractor model had a good fit to a second independent data set. Finally, Ordinal Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.96, 0.94 and 0.93, respectively for the Rational dealing, Resentment, and Avoidance factor. Also, using intraclass correlation coefficient, the stability of the instrument was 0.97. CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study, the Persian version of DAS has sufficient validity and reliability to measure the admission of Iranian diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Najafi Ghezeljeh
- Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sharif Nia
- Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Bagheri
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - João Marôco
- William James Centre for Research, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
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Kojima S, Saito A, Sasaki F, Hayashi M, Mieno Y, Sakakibara H, Hashimoto S. Associations of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea. FUJITA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 8:37-41. [PMID: 35520293 PMCID: PMC9069265 DOI: 10.20407/fmj.2020-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Methods We conducted a retrospective study among 497 male patients with OSA on CPAP therapy. Participants with pretreatment Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) data based on overnight polysomnographic recordings completed a questionnaire. Adherence data for CPAP therapy were collected using a smart card system. We classified CPAP use of ≥4 hours per night and ≥70% of nights as good adherence; other CPAP use was categorized as poor adherence. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor adherence to CPAP therapy in the hypertension and diabetes mellitus groups, compared with the no comorbidity group, adjusting for body mass index, duration of CPAP therapy, AHI, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score. Results In the no comorbidity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus groups, 43.4%, 44.7%, and 56.0%, respectively, had poor adherence to CPAP therapy. Being in the diabetes mellitus group was significantly associated with poor adherence to CPAP therapy (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.18-2.92, p=0.007); there was no association for the hypertension group. Conclusion Our results indicate that comorbidity of diabetes mellitus is associated with poor adherence to CPAP therapy in male patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeko Kojima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, Handa, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ayako Saito
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Fujita Heath University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sasaki
- SDB Research Laboratory, Takaoka Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Mieno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Fujita Heath University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Stedman M, Rea R, Duff CJ, Livingston M, McLoughlin K, Wong L, Brown S, Grady K, Gadsby R, Gibson JM, Paisley A, Fryer AA, Heald AH. The experience of blood glucose monitoring in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2022; 5:e00302. [PMID: 34921531 PMCID: PMC8917860 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finger prick blood glucose (BG) monitoring remains a mainstay of management in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who take sulphonylurea (SU) drugs or insulin. We recently examined patient experience of BG monitoring in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). There has not been any recent comprehensive assessment of the performance of BG monitoring strips or the patient experience of BG strips in people with T2DM in the UK. METHODS An online self-reported questionnaire containing 44 questions, prepared following consultation with clinicians and patients, was circulated to people with T2DM. 186 responders provided completed responses (25.5% return rate). Fixed responses were coded numerically (eg not confident = 0 fairly confident = 1). RESULTS Of responders, 84% were treated with insulin in addition to other agents. 75% reported having had an HbA1c check in the previous 6 months. For those with reported HbA1c ≥ 65 mmol/mol, a majority of people (70%) were concerned or really concerned about the shorter term consequences of running a high HbA1c This contrasted with those who did not know their recent HbA1c, of whom only 33% were concerned/really concerned and those with HbA1c <65 mmol/mol of whom 35% were concerned. Regarding BG monitoring/insulin adjustment, only 25% of responders reported having sufficient information with 13% believing that the accuracy and precision of their BG metre was being independently checked. Only 9% recalled discussing BG metre accuracy when their latest metre was provided and only 7% were aware of the International Standardisation Organisation (ISO) standards for BG metres. 77% did not recall discussing BG metre performance with a healthcare professional. CONCLUSION The group surveyed comprised engaged people with T2DM but even within this group there was significant variation in (a) awareness of shorter term risks, (b) confidence in their ability to implement appropriate insulin dosage (c) awareness of the limitations of BG monitoring technology. There is clearly an area where changes in education/support would benefit many.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rustam Rea
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher J Duff
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North Midlands and Cheshire Pathology Service, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on Trent, UK.,School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Mark Livingston
- Black Country Pathology Services, Walsall Manor Hospital, Walsall, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Roger Gadsby
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, West Midlands, UK
| | - John M Gibson
- Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK.,The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Anthony A Fryer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North Midlands and Cheshire Pathology Service, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on Trent, UK.,School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Adrian H Heald
- Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK.,The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Illness perception, medication adherence and glycemic control among primary health-care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Port Said City, Egypt. Diabetol Int 2022; 13:522-530. [PMID: 35693989 PMCID: PMC9174374 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-021-00567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims Despite the availability of a wide selection of antidiabetic treatments, many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) still do not have controlled glucose levels. This study aimed to assess illness perception, medication adherence, and glycemic control among primary care attendees with T2DM. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2019 and November 2020. A random sample of 265 Egyptian T2DM patients were enrolled from primary health-care settings in Port Said, Egypt. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and diabetic medical history were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) was used to assess diabetes perception, whereas the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to investigate medication adherence. Results There was a significant difference in B-IPQ scores between different groups of the patients in terms of diabetic medications, complications, and glycemic control (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in MMAS-8 score found between different groups of the patients in terms of disease duration, family history of T2DM, and glycemic control (p < 0.05). Further, there was a significant difference in HbA1c score found between different groups of patients in terms of disease duration, medications, complications, and family history of T2DM (p < 0.05). Higher BMI, a positive family history of T2DM, patients who take insulin, high illness perception, and poor medication adherence were the factors associated with higher HbA1c level. Conclusion Higher HbA1c levels were linked to a higher BMI, a positive family history of T2DM, insulin users, high illness perception, and poor medication adherence.
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Yao J, Wang H, Shao D, Yin J, Guo X, Yin X, Sun Q. Association between availability of glucose-lowering drugs in primary health institutions and diabetes patients’ medication adherence: a cross-sectional study in Shandong Province, China. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Widayanti AW, Sigalingging KK, Dewi FP, Widyakusuma NN. Issues Affecting Medication-Taking Behavior of People with Type 2 Diabetes in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:989-998. [PMID: 34040353 PMCID: PMC8139640 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s301501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been widely acknowledged that non-adherence to medication among people with type 2 diabetes is a significant problem worldwide. Studies have suggested that non-adherence to medication may be caused by the complexity of issues surrounding medication use which further created burdens related to medication. However, studies on this topic in the Indonesian context were still limited. This study aimed to understand the experiences of people with type 2 diabetes in medication-taking and explore any practical issues that potentially affect their behavior when taking medication. METHODS Qualitative phenomenological study with semi-structured interviews was applied. The participants were purposefully recruited and selected from some primary healthcare facilities in Yogyakarta Province. The eligibility criteria included: diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by healthcare professionals for at least six months and were able to comprehend information. Information about the study was explained, and written informed consent was collected. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed with a deductive qualitative content analysis method. RESULTS Fifty-one people with type 2 diabetes were involved in this study. Most of the participants were between 40 and 59 years old, and many of them were female and housewives. The thematic analysis found some practical issues that affected people's behavior in taking type 2 diabetes medication. These included individual's mealtime, characteristics of the medications, accessibility of healthcare services, experiences of side effects and social activities. CONCLUSION The practical issues identified in this study can be resolved by improving the role of healthcare providers in managing people with diabetes. Future research needs to be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions developed based on understanding of the practical factors identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wahyuni Widayanti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Furi Patriana Dewi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Niken Nur Widyakusuma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Arai K. [Pharmaceutical Research and Education]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1107-1117. [PMID: 32879243 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The true central aim of pharmaceutical research and education is to strive for the patient's satisfaction, i.e., "for the sake of the patient". Our research focuses to bridge the gap between the ideal and current situation in pharmaceutical science. We also investigated/questioned the united roles of pharmacists and pharmacies, with the ambition of changing the work culture of pharmacists. This paper reviews the history of our research and discusses the future of pharmaceutical research and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunizo Arai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
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Krzemińska S, Bąk E, Šáteková L, Polanská A, Hašová K, Laurinc M. Comparison of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) in Patients with T2DM in Poland, The Czech Republic, and Slovakia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3773-3786. [PMID: 33116726 PMCID: PMC7585271 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s273339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of the paper was to perform a comparative analysis of the impact of T2DM on QoL, including specific ADDQoL domains and associations between QoL, selected socio-demographic factors (including gender, age, education, residence, marital status, professional activity) or clinical parameters (HbA1c levels, fasting blood glucose, BMI, duration of DM, complications, treatment used), in adult diabetic patients from Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The study group included 608 patients diagnosed with T2DM. There were 214 patients from Poland, 196 from the Czech Republic and 198 from Slovakia. RESULTS Overall, respondents from all three countries rated their QoL as good or very good. The mean scores for the item "If I did not have diabetes, my quality of life would be" were slightly higher for Poles than for Slovaks and Czechs. In the ADDQoL results, the weighted impact scores were negative for all domains. The lowest scores in all three countries were found for "freedom to eat" for all patients; the highest for "living conditions". For Polish patients, the linear regression model demonstrated the following significant AWI predictors: pre-university education and past smoking. For Czech patients, the linear regression model demonstrated that none of the characteristics analyzed were significant independent predictors of AWI. In the For Slovak patients, the linear regression model demonstrated the following significant AWI predictors: higher education and concurrent heart failure. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings demonstrate that T2DM has a negative impact on all aspects of patients' QoL, which is the strongest in terms of the freedom to eat and dietary habits, regardless of the country. Education, past smoking, and concurrent heart failure were the only independent predictors of QoL in our study. This suggests a need for further research that would include more variables and a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Krzemińska
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: Sylwia Krzemińska Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Bartla 5, Wroclaw51-618, Poland Email
| | - Ewelina Bąk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Bielsko-Biala, Poland
| | - Lenka Šáteková
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Milan Laurinc
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Children’s Cardiology Center, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Impact of Diabetes Perceptions on Medication Adherence in Japan. PHARMACY 2019; 7:pharmacy7040144. [PMID: 31671762 PMCID: PMC6958369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy7040144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients’ perception of diabetes mellitus is one of the psychosocial factors influencing diabetic behavior. This patients’ perception of the disease is a mental image formed from the experience of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and reportedly reflects the aspect of recuperation. We investigated the relationship between changes in the patients’ perception of the disease and medication adherence, as influenced by the active involvement of community pharmacists. Methods: A prospective cohort study that used patient registry based in community pharmacies was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes using oral antidiabetic agents at a pharmacy in Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan. Patients responded to the questionnaire at the time of enrollment and at the end of the one-year intervention period. The pharmacist confirmed the patient's medication status and treatment problems via telephone calls at least once every two weeks for one year. Main outcome measures: Type 2 diabetes patients’ perception of the disease related to medication adherence. Results: The study enrolled 113 patients. Among the seven diabetes image factors, “Living an orderly life” and “Feeling of fear” were significantly associated with medication adherence. “Feeling of neglect of health” was significantly associated at the subscale level. Conclusion: All the three factors related to medication adherence indicated self-care ability. To enhance the self-care ability of the patient, pharmacists should assist in self-care interventions for the patients.
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