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Bulach D, Carter GP, Li L, Al-Hashem G, Rotimi VO, Albert MJ. The whole-genome molecular epidemiology of sequential isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii colonizing the rectum of patients in an adult intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0219123. [PMID: 37843271 PMCID: PMC10715177 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02191-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen that colonizes and infects debilitated patients in the ICU. There is very little information on the genomic characteristics of colonizing strains. This information is important to understand the evolution of lineages of A. baumannii that develop resistance while patients receive antibiotic treatment in the ICU. Our study demonstrated different patterns of colonization of the rectum of ICU patients with different STs of A. baumannii while one ST colonized all patients. Some STs carried more antibiotic resistance genes compared to others. However, there was a correlation between ST and a particular resistance gene profile. Our results further elucidate the dynamics of enteric colonization of this opportunistic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Bulach
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glen P. Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lucy Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ghayda Al-Hashem
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Vincent O. Rotimi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - M. John Albert
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
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A Bioluminescence-Based Ex Vivo Burn Wound Model for Real-Time Assessment of Novel Phage-Inspired Enzybiotics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122553. [PMID: 36559047 PMCID: PMC9781546 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The silent pandemic of antibiotic resistance is thriving, prompting the urgent need for the development of new antibacterial drugs. However, within the preclinical pipeline, in vitro screening conditions can differ significantly from the final in vivo settings. To bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays, we developed a pig-skin-based bioluminescent ex vivo burn wound infection model, enabling real-time assessment of antibacterials in a longitudinal, non-destructive manner. We provide a proof-of-concept for A. baumannii NCTC13423, a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate, which was equipped with the luxCDABE operon as a reporter using a Tn7-based tagging system. This bioluminescence model provided a linear correlation between the number of bacteria and a broad dynamic range (104 to 109 CFU). This longitudinal model was subsequently validated using a fast-acting enzybiotic, 1D10. Since this model combines a realistic, clinically relevant yet strictly controlled environment with real-time measurement of bacterial burden, we put forward this ex vivo model as a valuable tool to assess the preclinical potential of novel phage-inspired enzybiotics.
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Zore M, Gilbert-Girard S, Reigada I, Patel JZ, Savijoki K, Fallarero A, Yli-Kauhaluoma J. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Fingolimod Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18465-18486. [PMID: 34308078 PMCID: PMC8296573 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We recently identified fingolimod as a potent antibiofilm compound by screening FDA-approved drugs. To study if the antibacterial activity of fingolimod could be further improved and to explore in-depth structure-activity relationships, we synthesized 28 novel fingolimod derivatives and evaluated their efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus grown in planktonic/single cell and biofilms. The most effective derivatives were tested on preformed S. aureus biofilms and against Gram-negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using fingolimod as the reference compound. Seven derivatives were more effective against S. aureus, while five other derivatives showed improved activity against P. aeruginosa and/or A. baumannii, with no apparent change in cytotoxicity on human cells. The most interesting derivatives, compounds 43 and 55, displayed a broader spectrum of antibacterial activity, possibly exerted by the change of the para-hydrocarbon chain to a meta position for 43 and by an additional hydroxyl group for 55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Zore
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shella Gilbert-Girard
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Inés Reigada
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jayendra Z. Patel
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Savijoki
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adyary Fallarero
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Gilbert-Girard S, Savijoki K, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Fallarero A. Screening of FDA-Approved Drugs Using a 384-Well Plate-Based Biofilm Platform: The Case of Fingolimod. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111834. [PMID: 33233348 PMCID: PMC7700524 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to find new repurposed antibacterial compounds, we performed the screening of an FDA-approved compounds library against Staphylococcus aureus American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25923. Compounds were evaluated for their capacity to prevent both planktonic growth and biofilm formation as well as to disrupt pre-formed biofilms. One of the identified initial hits was fingolimod (FTY720), an immunomodulator approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, which was then selected for follow-up studies. Fingolimod displayed a potent activity against S. aureus and S. epidermidis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within the range of 12–15 µM at which concentration killing of all the bacteria was confirmed. A time–kill kinetic study revealed that fingolimod started to drastically reduce the viable bacterial count within two hours and we showed that no resistance developed against this compound for up to 20 days. Fingolimod also displayed a high activity against Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC 25 µM) as well as a modest activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, fingolimod inhibited quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum and might therefore target this signaling pathway in certain Gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, we present the identification of fingolimod from a compound library and its evaluation as a potential repurposed antibacterial compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shella Gilbert-Girard
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (K.S.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kirsi Savijoki
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (K.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Adyary Fallarero
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (K.S.); (A.F.)
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Xie Y, Wei Y, Shen Y, Li X, Zhou H, Tai C, Deng Z, Ou HY. TADB 2.0: an updated database of bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin loci. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:D749-D753. [PMID: 29106666 PMCID: PMC5753263 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
TADB2.0 (http://bioinfo-mml.sjtu.edu.cn/TADB2/) is an updated database that provides comprehensive information about bacterial type II toxin–antitoxin (TA) loci. Compared with the previous version, the database refined and the new data schema is employed. With the aid of text mining and manual curation, it recorded 6193 type II TA loci in 870 replicons of bacteria and archaea, including 105 experimentally validated TA loci. In addition, the newly developed tool TAfinder combines the homolog searches and the operon structure detection, allowing the prediction for type II TA pairs in bacterial genome sequences. It also helps to investigate the genomic context of predicted TA loci for putative virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance determinants and mobile genetic elements via alignments to the specific public databases. Additionally, the module TAfinder-Compare allows comparing the presence of the given TA loci across the close relative genomes. With the recent updates, TADB2.0 might provide better support for understanding the important roles of type II TA systems in the prokaryotic life activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yiqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Cui Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hong-Yu Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
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