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Butt B, Mushtaq A, Hameed FA, Abbasi MSR, Tariq M, Akbar A, Jadoon SK, Tasneem S, Ahmad M, Zeb A, Alvi S. Blood purification therapy in chronic renal failure and its impact on renal index, serological index, and inflammatory factors. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3856-3864. [PMID: 38989222 PMCID: PMC11230819 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to explore the clinical effects of blood purification therapy in patients with chronic renal disease, measured by renal function index and inflammation. Methodology Data were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan between June 2022 and September 2023. Eighty-four patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for chronic renal failure were retrospectively included in this cohort. Results Age, sex, BMI, course of disease, primary disease, and educational level were not related to the response to blood purification treatment. Blood purification therapy positively affected renal function, serological indices, and inflammatory factors (P<0.05). Conclusion Blood purification therapy can improve toxin clearance and renal function and reduce inflammation. Therefore, the authors can conclude that this is an effective therapy for our population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mumtaz Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Azad Jammu & Kashmir Medical College, Muzaffarabad AJK, Pakistan
| | - Anam Zeb
- Army Medical College, Rawalpindi
| | - Sarosh Alvi
- Teaching Faculty, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Jeong YH, Kwon M, Shin S, Lee J, Kim KS. Biomedical Applications of CNT-Based Fibers. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 38534244 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as emerging materials in various applications. However, the range of biomedical applications is limited due to the aggregation and potential toxicity of powder-type CNTs. To overcome these issues, techniques to assemble them into various macroscopic structures, such as one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films, and three-dimensional aerogels, have been developed. Among them, carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) is a one-dimensional aggregate of CNTs, which can be used to solve the potential toxicity problem of individual CNTs. Furthermore, since it has unique properties due to the one-dimensional nature of CNTs, CNTF has beneficial potential for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the biomedical applications using CNTF, such as the detection of biomolecules or signals for biosensors, strain sensors for wearable healthcare devices, and tissue engineering for regenerating human tissues. In addition, by considering the challenges and perspectives of CNTF for biomedical applications, the feasibility of CNTF in biomedical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Álvarez-Merino MA, Carrasco-Marín F, Warren-Vega WM, Romero-Cano LA. Artificial intelligence application in adsorption of uremic toxins: Towards the eco-friendly design of highly efficient with potential applications as hemodialysis membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117671. [PMID: 37984789 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Six Functionalized Activated Carbon Cloths (FACCs) were designed to obtain fundamental information for training a Bayesian Regularized Artificial Neural Network (BRANN) capable of predicting adsorption capacity of the FACCs to synthesize tailor-made materials with potential application as dialysis membranes. Characterization studies showed that FACCs have a high surface area (1354-2073 m2 g-1) associated with increased microporosity (W0, average: 0.57 cm3 g-1). Materials are carbonaceous, with a carbon content between 69 and 92%. Chemical treatments modify the pHpzc of materials between 4.1 and 7.8 due to incorporating functional groups on the surface (C=O, -COOH, -OH, -NH, -NH2). Uremic toxins tests showed a high elimination rate of p-cresol (73 mg g-1) and creatinine (90 mg g-1) which is not affected by the matrix (aqueous solution and simulated serum). However, in the case of uric acid, adsorption capacity decreased from 143 mg g-1 to 71 mg g-1, respectively. When comparing the kinetic constants of the adsorption studies in simulated serum versus the studies in aqueous solution, it can be seen that this does not undergo significant changes (0.02 min-1), evidencing the versatility of the material to work in different matrices. The previous studies, in combination with characterization of the materials, allowed to establish the adsorption mechanism. Thus, it permitted to train the BRANN to obtain mathematical models capable to predict the kinetic adsorption of the toxins studied. It is concluded that the predominant adsorption mechanism is due to π-π interactions between the adsorbate unsaturations with the material's pseudo-graphitic planes. Results show that FACCs are promising materials for hemodialysis membranes. Finally, taking into consideration the adsorption capacities and rates, as well as the semiquantitative analysis of the environmental impact associated with the preparation of the adsorbents, the best adsorbent (CC, Eco-Scale = 91.5) was selected. The studies presented show that the material is eco-friendly and highly efficient in the elimination of uremic toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Álvarez-Merino
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Francisco Carrasco-Marín
- Materiales Polifuncionales Basados en Carbono (UGR-Carbon), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias - Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente - Universidad de Granada (UEQ-UGR), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Walter M Warren-Vega
- Grupo de Investigación en Materiales y Fenómenos de Superficie, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, C.P. 45129, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis A Romero-Cano
- Grupo de Investigación en Materiales y Fenómenos de Superficie, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, C.P. 45129, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Yang IH, Szabó L, Sasaki M, Uto K, Henzie J, Lin FH, Samitsu S, Ebara M. Biobased chitosan-derived self-nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofibers containing nitrogen-doped zeolites for efficient removal of uremic toxins during hemodialysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126880. [PMID: 37709226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient adsorbents are needed to remove uremic toxins and reduce the economic and societal burden of the current dialysis treatments in resource-limited environments. In this study, nanostructured porous carbon nanofibers with nitrogen-doped zeolites (NZ-PCNF) were prepared, by electrospinning zeolites with chitosan-poly(ethylene oxide) blends, followed by a one-step carbonization process, without further activation steps or aggressive chemical additives for N-doping. The results showed that N-zeolites were successfully integrated into an ultrafine carbon nanofiber network, with a uniform nanofiber diameter of approximately 25 nm, hierarchical porous structure (micro- and mesopores), and high specific surface area (639.29 m2/g), facilitating uremic toxin diffusion and adsorption. The self-N-doped structure in the NZ-PCNF removed more creatinine (∼1.8 times) than the porous carbon nanofibers when using the same weight of precursor materials. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests were performed to verify the safety of NZ-PCNF. This study provides a novel strategy for transforming chitosan-based materials into state-of-the-art porous carbon nanofiber/zeolite self-N-doped composites, affording an efficient bioderived adsorbent for the removal of uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Yang
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - László Szabó
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Koichiro Uto
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Joel Henzie
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Sadaki Samitsu
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan; Graduate School of Industrial Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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Yang B, Yang S, Gong R, Song Y, Wang X, Wang L. Application of blood purification based on a new type of nanofiber membrane in critically ill patients and comparative analysis of its nursing methods. Prev Med 2023; 175:107658. [PMID: 37567368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Blood purification technology is one of the main treatment methods to prolong the life of severe patients. The traditional blood purification membrane materials have the disadvantages of non-selective adsorption, single pore size and low permeability, and need to develop new and efficient blood purification membrane materials. To explore the application of a new type of nanofiber membrane in blood purification of critically ill patients and compare and analyze its nursing methods. When the experimental subjects are performing blood purification, a new nanofiber membrane material is used in the purification machine. The control group adopted conventional nursing methods, while the experimental group adopted targeted nursing methods based on the nursing methods of the control group. After intervention, the eight indicators of quality of life in the experimental group were significantly improved (P < 0.05), for example, the score of physiological function was increased from 41.042 ± 7.625 to 54.236 ± 2.544, and the energy status was increased from 46.094 ± 7.192 to 59.768 ± 4.241. The physiological and biochemical indexes of both groups tend to be normal, but the experimental group is more obvious. The patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with the nursing services provided in the process. The new blood purification method of nanofiber membrane can overcome the shortcomings of traditional purification and remove toxic small and medium-sized molecules to the maximum extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Suozhu Yang
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rui Gong
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yan Song
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xue Wang
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Singh NK, Kim JY, Jang J, Kim YK, Cho DW. 3D Cell Printing of Advanced Vascularized Proximal Tubule-on-a-Chip for Drug Induced Nephrotoxicity Advancement. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3750-3758. [PMID: 37606916 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Renal dysfunction due to drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN) affects >20% of the adult population worldwide. The vascularized proximal tubule is a complex structure that is often the primary site of drug-induced kidney injury. Herein, a vascularized proximal tubule-on-a-chip (Vas-POAC) was fabricated, demonstrating improved physiological emulation over earlier single-cell proximal tubule models. A perfusable model of vascularized proximal tubules permits the growth and proliferation of renal proximal tubule cells and adjacent endothelial cells under various conditions. An in vitro Vas-POAC showed mature expressions of the tubule and endothelial cell markers in the mature epithelium and endothelium lumens after 7 days of culture. Expression in the mature proximal tubule epithelium resembled the polarized expression of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and the de novo synthesis of ECM proteins. These perfusable Vas-POACs display significantly improved functional properties relative to the proximal tubules-on-a-chip (POAC), which lacks vascular components. Furthermore, the developed Vas-POAC model evaluated the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and revealed enhanced drug receptivity compared to POAC. We further evaluated the capability of the developed proximal tubule model to act as a functional platform that targets screening drug doses that can cause renal proximal tubule injury in adults. Thus, our cell-printed models may prove valuable for screening, thoughtful mechanistic investigations of DIN, and discovery of drugs that interfere with tubule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra K Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), OHSU-Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Jae Yun Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Kim
- Cell Death Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon 16247, Republic of Korea
- POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Fabiani T, Ricci E, Boi C, Dimartino S, De Angelis MG. In silico screening of nanoporous materials for urea removal in hemodialysis applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24069-24080. [PMID: 37655458 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01510f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The design of miniaturized hemodialysis devices, such as wearable artificial kidneys, requires regeneration of the dialysate stream to remove uremic toxins from water. Adsorption has the potential to capture such molecules, but conventional adsorbents have low urea/water selectivity. In this work, we performed a comprehensive computational study of 560 porous crystalline adsorbents comprising mainly covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as well as some siliceous zeolites, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and graphitic materials. An initial screening using Widom insertion method assessed the excess chemical potential at infinite dilution for water and urea at 310 K, providing information on the strength and selectivity of urea adsorption. From such analysis it was observed that urea adsorption and urea/water selectivity increased strongly with fluorine content in COFs, while other compositional or structural parameters did not correlate with material performance. Two COFs, namely COF-F6 and Tf-DHzDPr were explored further through Molecular Dynamics simulations. The results agree with those of the Widom method and allow to identify the urea binding sites, the contribution of electrostatic and van der Waals interactions, and the position of preferential urea-urea and urea-framework interactions. This study paves the way for a well-informed experimental campaign and accelerates the development of novel sorbents for urea removal, ultimately advancing on the path to achieve wearable artificial kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fabiani
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, EH9 3FB, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Eleonora Ricci
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Cristiana Boi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Simone Dimartino
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings Colin Maclaurin Road, EH9 3DW, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Maria Grazia De Angelis
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, EH9 3FB, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
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Malehmir S, Esmaili MA, Khaksary Mahabady M, Sobhani-Nasab A, Atapour A, Ganjali MR, Ghasemi A, Moradi Hasan-Abad A. A review: hemocompatibility of magnetic nanoparticles and their regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging applications. Front Chem 2023; 11:1249134. [PMID: 37711315 PMCID: PMC10499493 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1249134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have demonstrated noteworthy advancements in the management of various complex medical conditions, particularly cancer. In any case, these particles still harbor the potential to improve medicate conveyance to challenging, hard-to-reach loci. The interactions that occur between nanoparticles and red blood cells during their journey throughout the human body, despite exposure to blood, are still not fully understood. Assessment of the ability of nanoparticles to integrate with blood, characterized as nanoparticle compatibility, has been consistently overlooked and undervalued in its import. This review article investigates the effect of nanoparticles on red blood cells, while examining the compatibility of nanoparticles through the angle of hemolysis. This article discusses the main roles of erythrocytes and also provides an informed interpretation of several mechanisms involved in the interaction of nanoparticles and erythrocytes. Throughout the review, significant emphasis is attributed to the investigation of hemocompatibility studies concerning newly designed nanoparticles to promote their successful translation into clinical application. This review article examines the compatibility of magnetic nanoparticles in various fields, including regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, bioimaging, and drug delivery. Our results show that the chemical composition of the nanoparticle surface is a determining factor in hemocompatibility performance and interaction with blood cells. The surface properties of nanoparticles, namely surface charge, geometry, porosity, and surface functionalities of polymers or specific functional groups, represent key determinants of hemocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Malehmir
- Karaj Branch, Molecular Biology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Esmaili
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - M. Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Sobhani-Nasab
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Atapour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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