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Giannini L, Alliata A, Cristofaro V, Incandela F, Pompilio M, Ottini A, Cavalieri S, Nuzzolese I, Iacovelli NA, Franceschini M, Deganello A. Radiation-Induced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6708-6719. [PMID: 37504352 PMCID: PMC10378216 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapy (RT) is a mainstay for the treatment of head and neck (HN) cancers, with 80% of patients receiving such treatment. Radiation-induced malignancies represent a life-threatening long-term effect of RT, with an incidence of 0.5% to 15%. CASE DESCRIPTION After 13 years, a 33-year-old woman treated with chemo-radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed a locally advanced, radiation-induced, p16-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at the base of the tongue. Chemo/immunotherapy was administered as a first-line treatment. Given the optimal response and the feasibility of surgery, after three cycles, the patient underwent a total glossectomy, bilateral neck dissection, and reconstruction with a thoraco-dorsal free flap. A histological examination found SCC with a residual cancer burden of 70% and free margins. DISCUSSION The mechanisms responsible for carcinogenesis after RT are still not completely clear. Diagnosis may be challenging due to the previous treatment; growth patterns are unusual, and lymphotropism is lower. Prognosis is usually poor since surgical resectability is often not achievable. CONCLUSIONS Radiation-induced malignancies are difficult to treat. Patient management should always be discussed at a multidisciplinary level. Future research is needed to assess whether the promising results of clinical studies with pre-operative immunotherapy in locally advanced HN SCC patients may be translated into radiation-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Giannini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Alliata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Cristofaro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiola Incandela
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Madia Pompilio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Ottini
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cavalieri
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Imperia Nuzzolese
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marzia Franceschini
- Radiotherapy Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Deganello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Liao YH, Hsu CL, Leu CY, Lai SF, Huang YL, Hsieh MS, Chen TC, Chen CN, Wang CP, Yang TL, Tsai MH, Lin MC, Lou PJ. Radiation-induced sarcoma of head and neck: Clinical characteristics and molecular signatures. Head Neck 2023; 45:638-646. [PMID: 36513597 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced sarcoma of the head and neck (RISHN) is a rare yet devastating potential complication of radiotherapy treatment. We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and molecular signatures of RISHN in patients who underwent radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) to identify high-risk patients and enable earlier cancer detection. METHODS This study retrospectively evaluated 24 sarcoma patients who received radiotherapy for HNC between 1994 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups based on RISHN latency period. Patient demographics, initial tumor staging, risk factors, and survival between groups were analyzed, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) of selected samples was performed. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis of RISHN was 54 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 2:1. The latency period ranged from 0.8 to 64.4 years (median 6.5 years), with a median survival of 21.5 months. Primary cancer in the oral cavity, treatment with alkylating agents, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and smoking were identified as risk factors for short (<5 years) latency periods. The majority of RISHN cases occurred in the oral cavity (58.3%). WES analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor and cell cycle checkpoint pathways were differentially involved in both patient groups. CONCLUSIONS Although case numbers were small, our cohort represents the largest case series of RISHN from a single institution to date. Clinicians must be aware of factors affecting RISHN development and latency, and risk factor identification may lead to earlier detection and prevention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Biomedical Park Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Leu
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Fan Lai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Shu Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang J, Ni XZ, Yang ML, Huang X, Hou SM, Peng C, Cao JS, Liu TL. Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of spinal osteosarcoma: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1083776. [PMID: 36937397 PMCID: PMC10014918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1083776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Spinal osteosarcoma is a rare osseous neoplasm. The aim of this study is to make a comprehensive analysis of the demographic features, clinicopathologic characteristics and factors affecting prognosis of spinal osteosarcoma using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Methods SEER data were reviewed to identify patients diagnosed with spinal osteosarcoma between 1975 and 2016 and determine their overall survival (OS) and disease-specifc survival (DSS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox-regression proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 668 patients (53.1% males) with spinal osteosarcoma were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 45.2 years, including 67.5% patients younger than 60 years. The median OS of these patients was 15 months, and the 5-year OS was 16.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥60 year (HR=2.271, p = 0.008), high grade (HR=1.323, p = 0.008), regional stage (HR=1.658, p = 0.017), metastasis stage (HR=3.045, p < 0.001) and no-surgery treatment (HR=1.761, p < 0.001) were adversely associated with OS; gender (HR=0.657, p = 0.044), tumor grade (HR=1.616, p = 0.006), tumor stage (HR=3.329, p = 0.011; HR=7.983, p < 0.001) and radiotherapy (HR=0.606, p = 0.031) were independent prognostic factors affecting DSS. Conclusion Based on SEER data analysis, male, high tumor grade, regional stage, metastasis stage and radiotherapy are independent predictors of poor survival of patients with spinal osteosarcoma. The clinical treatment of spinal osteosarcoma still faces serious challenges. Future research should focus on the clinical impact and survival outcomes of the emerging targeted and immune therapies for the sake of improving the survival stalemate of spinal osteosarcoma.
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Khanna L, Prasad SR, Yedururi S, Parameswaran AM, Marcal LP, Sandrasegaran K, Tirumani SH, Menias CO, Katabathina VS. Second Malignancies after Radiation Therapy: Update on Pathogenesis and Cross-sectional Imaging Findings. Radiographics 2021; 41:876-894. [PMID: 33891523 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021200171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A wide spectrum of second cancers occur as late complications of radiation therapy (RT) used to treat various malignancies. In addition to the type and dose of radiation, lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors are important to the development of second malignancies in cancer survivors. Typically, RT-induced malignancies (RTIMs) are biologically aggressive cancers with a variable period of 5-10 years for hematologic malignancies and 10-60 years for solid tumors between RT and the development of the second cancer. Although carcinomas and leukemias commonly develop after low-dose RT, sarcomas occur in tissues or organs that receive high-dose RT. Angiosarcomas and unclassified pleomorphic sarcomas are the two most common RT-associated sarcomas; other sarcomas include malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, leiomyosarcomas, osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas, and dedifferentiated or pleomorphic liposarcomas. Select RTIMs show tumor genetic characteristics that allow accurate diagnosis. Nearly all cutaneous angiosarcomas after RT for breast cancer and 90% of RT-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are characterized by MYC gene amplifications and loss of H3 K27me3 expression, respectively. Classic papillary thyroid carcinomas that develop after RT frequently harbor RET/PTC rearrangements and have a favorable prognosis, despite their advanced stage at patient presentation. Select RTIMs demonstrate characteristic imaging findings and typically develop in the prior radiation field. Imaging is essential to early diagnosis, characterization, localization, and staging of RTIMs. Familiarity of radiologists with the diverse spectrum of RTIMs is essential for early diagnosis and optimal management. An invited commentary by Shapiro is available online. ©RSNA, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Khanna
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Srinivasa R Prasad
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Sireesha Yedururi
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Anand M Parameswaran
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Leonardo P Marcal
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Kumar Sandrasegaran
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Sree Harsha Tirumani
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Christine O Menias
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
| | - Venkata S Katabathina
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (L.K., A.M.P., V.S.K.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P., S.Y., L.P.M.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (K.S., C.O.M.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (S.H.T.)
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Radiation-Induced Sarcomas of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review. Adv Ther 2021; 38:90-108. [PMID: 33184778 PMCID: PMC7854400 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction As a result of the increased use of radiotherapy (RT) and improved long-term overall survival of patients with cancers of the head and neck (HN), the frequency of radiation-induced sarcomas of the head and neck (RISHN) may be increasing. The main objective of this systematic review was to determine the existing evidence on the frequency, treatment, and outcome of RISHN. Methods Using PRISMA guidelines we conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 2000 to 2020. Results Our review includes data of 560 patients from 64 articles. The total frequency of RISHNs among the reviewed series was 0.15%. The most frequent location of the primary tumor treated by RT was the nasopharynx. The mean RT dose used was 62 Gy, mean latency interval between irradiation and occurrence of RISHN was 11.1 years, and the most common RISHN location was the sinonasal region. Osteosarcoma was the principal histology, followed by fibrosarcoma. Surgery was the most frequently applied treatment modality. Of all patients with RISHN, 40.7% died of this disease after a mean interval of 13.9 months. Conclusions Notwithstanding the increased use of RT, the number of reported RISHNs has not increased substantially during the past two decades. Surgery with wide margins forms the best therapeutic option for these cases, but the outcome remains poor.
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A nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in patients with osteosarcoma as secondary malignancy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12817. [PMID: 32732990 PMCID: PMC7393122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic factors for survival among patients with secondary osteosarcoma remain unclear. The aim of this study was to develop a practical nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with osteosarcoma as a secondary malignancy. The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database was used for the identification of osteosarcoma cases. The total sample comprised 5860 cases of primary osteosarcoma and 268 cases of secondary osteosarcoma during the period from 1973 to 2015. The CSS and overall survival (OS) of primary and secondary osteosarcomas were analyzed. The predictors of CSS for secondary osteosarcoma were identified and integrated to build a nomogram. Validation of the nomogram was performed using concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots. The results indicated that patients with secondary osteosarcoma had poorer CSS and OS than patients with primary osteosarcoma. The nomogram model exhibited high discriminative accuracy in the training cohort (C-index = 0.826), which was confirmed in the internal validation cohort (C-index = 0.791). In addition, the calibration plots confirmed good concordance for prediction of CSS at 3, 5, and 10 years. In conclusion, we developed a practical nomogram that provided individual predictions of CSS for patients with secondary osteosarcoma. This nomogram may help clinicians with prognostic evaluations and with the development of individualized therapies for this aggressive disease.
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Liu C, Liao L, Wu G, Yan H, Chen X, Wang C, Zheng X, Zeng Z, Zhao Z, Wu D, Liu X. Radiation-induced second primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2020; 109:104863. [PMID: 32604060 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing occurrence of radiation-induced second primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (RISCCO) after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has become a noteworthy complication that can influence long-term survival. This study aimed to analyze the associations of clinicopathologic characteristics with prognostic factors among patients who developed RISCCO after radiotherapy for NPC. METHODS A total of 41,446 NPC patients admitted to Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) between August 1989 and January 2019 were reviewed. Among these patients, 88 RISCCO patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the study. RESULTS During our study, the incidence of RISCCO after radiotherapy was 0.21% (88/41,446) among NPC patients at SYSUCC. The latency period ranged from 1.0 to 34.0 years (median, 9.0 years), and the latency of RISCCO was notably shorter for patients who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy than that for patients who received conventional radiotherapy using cobalt-60 or 6-MV X-rays (median, 4.0 years vs. 11.0 years, P = 0.013). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for the entire cohort of 88 patients were 79.0%, 46.6%, and 35.2%, respectively. The 5-year OS rate for the 79 patients who received treatment was 45.7%, and the 5-year OS rate for the 9 patients who refused treatment was 0%. T classification and surgery were identified as independent prognostic factors associated with a high OS rate. CONCLUSIONS Surgery as the first-choice treatment may improve survival and prognosis. A long-term follow-up is needed for early detection of RISCCO in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, PR China
| | - Lieqiang Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guoying Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, PR China
| | - Honghong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Xiajing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Ziyi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Xuekui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China.
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Swieton N, Nykamp SG, Poirier VJ, Wainberg S, Oblak ML. Suspected Radiation-Induced Osteosarcoma in a Domestic Shorthair Cat. Case Rep Vet Med 2020; 2020:1874342. [PMID: 31976121 PMCID: PMC6961608 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1874342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 3-year-old, male neutered domestic shorthair cat, presented for acute onset tail paresis. He was diagnosed with a spindle cell tumour at the level of L7-CD1 and treated with course fractionation radiation therapy. Three years following radiation therapy, the cat developed chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the pelvis, suspected to be secondary to radiation therapy. Hemipelvectomy was performed and the cat was treated with radiation therapy for remaining gross disease. The cat was euthanized 127 days post-operatively due to suspected metastatic disease. Development of radiation-induced tumours should be considered as a rare late complication in cats undergoing radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Swieton
- Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - Stephanie G. Nykamp
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Valérie J. Poirier
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Shannon Wainberg
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Michelle L. Oblak
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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Nwabueze NN, Shinn JR, Owen S, Ries WR, Stephan SJ. Reconstructive septorhinoplasty in radiation-induced reactive bone dysplasia. OTOLARYNGOLOGY CASE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xocr.2019.100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Wu B, Zhou Y, Huang X, Pan W, Liu M, Yan X, Lin N, Ye Z. Predictors of the Survival of Primary and Secondary Older Osteosarcoma Patients. J Cancer 2019; 10:4614-4622. [PMID: 31528225 PMCID: PMC6746122 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Older osteosarcoma patients have a very poor prognosis and treatment for them remains a challenge. The outcomes and potential prognostic factors of primary or secondary older osteosarcoma patients are rarely documented. Therefore, we examined the prognosis of the two special cohorts to identify possible prognostic factors, and provide optimal treatment strategy for them. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database was used to identify osteosarcoma patients aged over 40 years from 1973 to 2015. The prognostic analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: In total, 1162 primary older osteosarcoma patients and 444 secondary older osteosarcoma patients were eligible for this study. The OS and CSS rates of the primary older osteosarcoma patients at 5-year were 38.5% and 37.1%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year OS rates of the secondary older osteosarcoma patients were 22.8% and 14.6%, respectively. On multivariate analysis of the primary older osteosarcoma patients, age > 60, male, axial site, high grade, metastasis, tumor size>10 cm, no surgery, and radiation treatment were negatively associated with OS. In terms of CSS, age, gender, decade of diagnosis, tumor site, tumor grade, tumor stage, tumor size, and surgery were independent prognostic factors. A multivariate Cox regression model showed that secondary older osteosarcoma patients of high grade, metastasis, tumor size > 10 cm, no surgery, and no chemotherapy were independent predictors of decreased OS. Conclusions: Surgery in combination with chemotherapy should be recommended for the treatment of the secondary older osteosarcoma patients, while for the primary older osteosarcoma patients, only surgery should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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Liao L, Yan WJ, Tian CM, Li MY, Tian YQ, Zeng GQ. Knockdown of Annexin A1 Enhances Radioresistance and Inhibits Apoptosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533034617750309. [PMID: 29357787 PMCID: PMC5784564 DOI: 10.1177/1533034617750309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma while radioresistance can hinder efficient treatment. To explore the role of annexin A1 and its potential mechanisms in radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2-sh annexin A1 (knockdown of annexin A1) and the control cell line CNE2-pLKO.1 were constituted and CNE2-sh annexin A1 xenograft mouse model was generated. The effect of annexin A1 knockdown on the growth of xenograft tumor after irradiation and radiation-induced DNA damage and repair was analyzed. The results of immunohistochemistry assays and Western blotting showed that the level of annexin A1 was significantly downregulated in the radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues or cell line compared to the radiosensitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues or cell line. Knockdown of annexin A1 significantly promoted CNE2-sh annexin A1 xenograft tumor growth compared to the control groups after irradiation. Moreover, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assays revealed that knockdown of annexin A1 significantly inhibited apoptosis in vivo compared to the control groups. We assessed the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the extent of radiation-induced DNA damage and repair using reactive oxygen species assay, comet assays, and immunohistochemistry assay. The results showed that knockdown of annexin A1 remarkedly reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, level of DNA double-strand breaks, and the phosphorylation level of H2AX and increased the accumulation of DNA-dependent protein kinase in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells after irradiation. The findings suggest that knockdown of annexin A1 inhibits DNA damage via decreasing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and the formation of γ-H2AX and promotes DNA repair via increasing DNA-dependent protein kinase activity and therefore improves the radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Together, our findings suggest that knockdown of annexin A1 promotes radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and provides insights into therapeutic targets for nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liao
- 1 School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,2 School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yan
- 2 School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chun-Mei Tian
- 2 School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Mao-Yu Li
- 3 Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Quan Tian
- 1 School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gu-Qing Zeng
- 2 School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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12
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Eder-Czembirek C, Moser D, Holawe S, Brodowicz T, Ries J, Sulzbacher I, Selzer E. Osteosarcoma of the jaw - experience at the Medical University Vienna and comparative study with international tumor registries. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019; 74:e701. [PMID: 31038644 PMCID: PMC6467170 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteosarcoma of the jaw (OSAJ) is fundamentally different in clinical practice from its peripheral counterparts. Studies are difficult to conduct due to low incidence rates. The primary aim of this study was to provide for the first time a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the treatment concepts and outcome data of OSAJ patients treated at the University Hospital Vienna and to compare these with two recently published studies on OSAJ. The clinical study was accompanied by a biomarker study investigating the prognostic relevance of melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A) in OSAJ specimens. METHOD Eighteen patients were included, and their outcomes were compared to published data. Immunohistochemistry was performed with mouse monoclonal antibodies against MAGE-A. Survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meyer method. The log-rank test was used to analyze potential prognostic parameters. Fisher's exact test was performed to define the significant differences between the survival rates of the current study and the DOESAK registry. RESULTS Disease-specific survival was 93.8% after five and 56.3% after ten years. The development of metastases (p=0.033) or relapse (p=0.037) was associated with worsened outcomes in our group as well as in the comparative group. Despite the different treatment concepts of the study groups, survival rates were comparable. MAGE-A failed to show prognostic relevance for OSAJ patients. CONCLUSIONS Uncertainties about the optimal treatment strategies of OSAJ patients will currently remain. Thus, prospective studies of OSAJ are needed but are only feasible in a multicenter study setting, conducted over a prolonged time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Eder-Czembirek
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Holawe
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Brodowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Irene Sulzbacher
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edgar Selzer
- University Clinic of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Fu X, Chen S, Chen W, Yang Z, Song M, Li H, Zhang H, Yao F, Su X, Liu T, Yang AK. Clinical analysis of second primary gingival squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 2018; 84:20-24. [PMID: 30115471 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinically, we have observed that some oral cancer patients have a history of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer; we have named this condition radiotherapy-associated cancer (RAC). Gingival cancer, which is usually juxtaposed with other oral cancer subtypes, is seldom reported individually, and there are few reports on the association between the incidence of oral cancer and history of radiation therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of second primary gingival squamous cell carcinoma after head and neck radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data collected included 450 patients diagnosed with gingival squamous cell carcinoma from 1964 to 2012 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer, among whom 52 patients had a history of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. We retrospectively analysed the differences in the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis between sporadic gingival squamous cell carcinoma and radiation-associated gingival carcinoma, with an emphasis on gingival carcinoma. RESULTS Sporadic gingival squamous cell carcinoma is less likely to have more advanced T stage, and the second primary tumour is more likely to be located in the molar area of the maxillary gingiva than in the mandibular gingiva (75.6% vs 24.4%, P < 0.05). The 5-year overall survival of patients with second primary gingival carcinoma was influenced by age distribution, T classification, N classification, clinical TNM stage, histological grade and radiation history in head and neck. Mandibular gingival carcinoma was more likely to have an increased neck lymph node metastasis than maxillary gingival carcinoma (P = 0.001), but there was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival between these two groups (P = 0.828). The main therapy for gingiva carcinoma is surgery or comprehensive treatment based on surgery. CONCLUSIONS Second primary gingival squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy demonstrated particular clinicopathologic features, such as prominent sites and TNM stage; and there was statistically significant difference in 5-year overall survival and prognosis between second primary gingival carcinoma after radiotherapy and sporadic gingival carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Fu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwei Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichao Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Song
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianrun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, People's Republic of China.
| | - An-Kui Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Liu J, Li M, Liu X, Liu F, Zhu J. miR-27a-3p promotes the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma by targeting ten-eleven translocation 1. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1295-1304. [PMID: 29484426 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has become one of the most common primary malignant tumors affecting children and adolescents. Although increasing evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play important roles in the development of osteosarcoma, the expression of miR‑27a‑3p and its effects on osteosarcoma are not yet fully understood. In the present study, our data demonstrated that the expression of miR‑27a‑3p in osteosarcoma cell lines was significantly higher than that in the normal human osteoblastic cell line, hFOB 1.19 cell (P<0.01). In order to explore the role of miR‑27a‑3p in the development and progression of osteosarcoma, the expression of miR‑27a‑3p was inhibited by transfection of the MG-63 cells with miR‑27a‑3p inhibitor. The results revealed that the cell proliferative ability significantly decreased (P<0.01), the number of apoptotic cells significantly increased (P<0.01) and the number of cells passing through the Transwell membrane was significantly reduced in the group transfected with the miR‑27a‑3p inhibitor (P<0.01). At the same time, the expression of E-cadherin and α-catenin was significantly upregulated (P<0.01), while the expression of vimentin was significantly downregulated in the group transfected with the miR‑27a‑3p inhibitor (P<0.01). Our results also revealed that the mRNA expression of ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) in the osteosarcoma cells was significantly downregulated compared with that in the hFOB 1.19 cells (P<0.01). Luciferase reporter system analysis indicated that miR‑27a‑3p recognized the TET1 3'-UTR. The protein expression of TET1 significantly increased in the group transfected with the miR‑27a‑3p inhibitor. The results from CCK-8 assay, flow cytometric assay and Transwell invasion analysis revealed that TET1 knockdown inhibited the biological effects induced by the downregulation of miR‑27a‑3p. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that miR‑27a‑3p is upregulated, while TET1 is downregulated in human osteosarcoma cells. miR‑27a‑3p inhibition suppresses the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, and promotes cell apoptosis via the negative regulation of TET1. miR‑27a‑3p/TET1 may thus be a potential target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Mingpeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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