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Dragičević P, Rosado D, Bielen A, Hudina S. Host-related traits influence the microbial diversity of the invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 202:108039. [PMID: 38097037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.108039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome influences a variety of host-environment interactions, and there is mounting evidence of its significant role in biological invasions. During invasion, shifts in microbial diversity and function can occur due to both changing characteristics of the novel environment and physiological condition of the host. The signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is one of the most successful crayfish invaders in Europe. During range expansion, its populations often exhibit differences in many traits along the invasion range, including sex-composition, size-structure and aggressiveness, but to date it was not studied whether crayfish traits can also drive changes in the host microbiome. Thus, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine the effects of host-related traits, namely total length (TL), body condition index (FCF), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and sex on the microbial diversity of the signal crayfish. We examined both external (exoskeletal) and internal (intestinal, hepatopancreatic, hemolymph) microbiomes of 110 signal crayfish individuals from four sites along its invasion range in the Korana River, Croatia. While sex did not exhibit a significant effect on the microbial diversity in any of the examined tissues, exoskeletal, intestinal and hemolymph microbial diversity significantly decreased with increasing crayfish size. Additionally, significant effects of signal crayfish condition (FCF, HSI) on microbial diversity were recorded in the hepatopancreas, a main energy storage organ in crayfish that supports reproduction and growth and also regulates immune response. Our findings provide a baseline for evaluating the contribution of microbiome to an invader's overall health, fitness and subsequent invasion success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Dragičević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Rosado
- S2AQUA - Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Avenida Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Ana Bielen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Kršnjavoga 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Hudina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Grbin D, Geček S, Miljanović A, Pavić D, Hudina S, Žučko J, Rieder J, Pisano SRR, Adrian-Kalchhauser I, Bielen A. Comparison of exoskeleton microbial communities of co-occurring native and invasive crayfish species. J Invertebr Pathol 2023; 201:107996. [PMID: 37783231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.107996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Host-associated microbial communities are an important determinant of individual fitness and have recently been highlighted as one of the factors influencing the success of invasive species. Invasive hosts introduce their microbes into the new environment, and then both the host and its associated microbes enter into a series of interactions with the native macroscopic and microscopic biota. As these processes are largely unexplored, we aimed to compare the exoskeletal microbial communities of co-occurring and phylogenetically related crayfish: the native narrow-clawed crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus and the invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus from the recently invaded Korana River, Croatia. The results of high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the exoskeletal microbiome of both species is very diverse, significantly influenced by the local environment and dominated by low abundance bacterial families from the phylum Proteobacteria. Furthermore, the exoskeletal microbiomes of the crayfish species differed significantly in the composition and abundance of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs), suggesting that they are to some extent shaped by species-specific intrinsic factors, despite sharing a common habitat. However, over 95% of the bacterial genera associated with the exoskeleton were detected in the exoskeleton samples of both native and invasive crayfish. We paid particular attention to two known crayfish pathogens, Aphanomyces astaci and Saprolegnia parasitica, and find that both species carry low amounts of both pathogens. On the side, we find that a non-standard ddPCR protocol outperforms standard qPCR test for A. astaci under low concentration conditions. Taken together, our results indicate the possibility of bidirectional mixing and homogenisation of exoskeleton microbiome. As such, they can serve as a baseline in future detangling of the processes that act together to shape the microbiomes of co-occuring native and invasive congeners during biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorotea Grbin
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sunčana Geček
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Anđela Miljanović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dora Pavić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sandra Hudina
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jurica Žučko
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jessica Rieder
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - Batiment Amphipole, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Simone R R Pisano
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Irene Adrian-Kalchhauser
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Bielen
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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