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Owjfard M, Rahimian Z, Karimi F, Borhani-Haghighi A, Mallahzadeh A. A comprehensive review on the neuroprotective potential of resveratrol in ischemic stroke. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34121. [PMID: 39082038 PMCID: PMC11284444 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide. Globally, 68 % of all strokes are ischemic, with 32 % being hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke (IS) poses significant challenges globally, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic strategies. IS is among the deadliest illnesses. Major functions are played by neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the multiple intricate pathways of IS. Secondary brain damage is specifically caused by the early pro-inflammatory activity that follows cerebral ischemia, which is brought on by excessive activation of local microglia and the infiltration of circulating monocytes and macrophages. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol found in grapes and berries, has shown promise as a neuroprotective agent in IS. This review offers a comprehensive overview of resveratrol's neuroprotective role in IS, focusing on its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Resveratrol exerts neuroprotective effects by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathways. SIRT1 activation by resveratrol triggers the deacetylation and activation of downstream targets like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) and forkhead box protein O (FOXO), regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant defense, and cellular stress response. Consequently, resveratrol promotes cellular survival and inhibits apoptosis in IS. Moreover, resveratrol activates the NRF2 pathway, a key mediator of the cellular antioxidant response. Activation of NRF2 through resveratrol enhances the expression of antioxidant enzymes, like heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which neutralize reactive oxygen species and mitigate oxidative stress in the ischemic brain. Combined, the activation of SIRT1 and NRF2 pathways contributes to resveratrol's neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in IS. Preclinical studies demonstrate that resveratrol improves functional outcomes, reduces infarct size, regulates cerebral blood flow and preserves neuronal integrity. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms holds promise for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting neuronal survival and facilitating functional recovery in IS patients and to aid future studies in this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Owjfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimian
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Arashk Mallahzadeh
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sahebi K, Foroozand H, Amirsoleymani M, Eslamzadeh S, Negahdaripour M, Tajbakhsh A, Rahimi Jaberi A, Savardashtaki A. Advancing stroke recovery: unlocking the potential of cellular dynamics in stroke recovery. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:321. [PMID: 38992073 PMCID: PMC11239950 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02049-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke stands as a predominant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and there is a pressing need for effective therapies to improve outcomes and enhance the quality of life for stroke survivors. In this line, effective efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells, plays a crucial role in neuroprotection and immunoregulation. This process involves specialized phagocytes known as "professional phagocytes" and consists of four steps: "Find-Me," "Eat-Me," engulfment/digestion, and anti-inflammatory responses. Impaired efferocytosis can lead to secondary necrosis and inflammation, resulting in adverse outcomes following brain pathologies. Enhancing efferocytosis presents a potential avenue for improving post-stroke recovery. Several therapeutic targets have been identified, including osteopontin, cysteinyl leukotriene 2 receptor, the µ opioid receptor antagonist β-funaltrexamine, and PPARγ and RXR agonists. Ferroptosis, defined as iron-dependent cell death, is now emerging as a novel target to attenuate post-stroke tissue damage and neuronal loss. Additionally, several biomarkers, most importantly CD163, may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke, aiding in stroke diagnosis and prognosis. Non-pharmacological approaches involve physical rehabilitation, hypoxia, and hypothermia. Mitochondrial dysfunction is now recognized as a major contributor to the poor outcomes of brain stroke, and medications targeting mitochondria may exhibit beneficial effects. These strategies aim to polarize efferocytes toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, limit the ingestion of distressed but viable neurons, and stimulate efferocytosis in the late phase of stroke to enhance post-stroke recovery. These findings highlight promising directions for future research and development of effective stroke recovery therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Sahebi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Foroozand
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Saghi Eslamzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Abbas Rahimi Jaberi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Owjfard M, Rahimian Z, Ghaderpanah R, Rafiei E, Sadrian S, Sabaghan M, Karimi F. Therapeutic Effects of Intranasal Administration of Resveratrol on the Rat Model of Brain Ischemia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32592. [PMID: 38952360 PMCID: PMC11215267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound widely found in plants. Previous studies have suggested its neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia due to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Intranasal administration of resveratrol enhances its capacity to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, increasing therapeutic efficacy and safety. Objective We aimed to examine the therapeutic potential of intranasal administration of resveratrol treatment in rats exposed to cerebral ischemia. Methods Sixty-four male rats were divided into three groups: the sham group, which was exposed to only surgical stress; the vehicle and resveratrol groups, which received intranasal vehicle or 50 mg/kg resveratrol for 7 days following middle cerebral artery occlusion, respectively. We assessed the modified neurologic severity scores, wire hanging tests, blood-brain barrier disruption, brain water content, and infarct volume. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, nuclear factor-kappa B, B-cell lymphoma protein 2, and B-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated X messenger RNA expression were examined. Results At 3- and 7-days post-ischemia, rats receiving intranasal resveratrol had lower modified neurological severity scores and a smaller brain infarct volume than the rats receiving vehicle. Additionally, the intranasal resveratrol-treated rats showed significantly prolonged wire-hanging performance at the 7-day mark post-ischemia compared to the vehicle group. The blood-brain barrier disruption and brain water content were significantly lower in the resveratrol group than in the vehicle group. Furthermore, the resveratrol-treated group displayed lower expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in contrast to the vehicle group, while the difference in expression levels of B-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated X and B-cell lymphoma protein 2 were not significant. Conclusion Intranasal administration of resveratrol showed neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke by improving neurobehavioral function, reducing blood-brain barrier disruption, cerebral edema, and infarct volume. This treatment also downregulated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B expression, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Owjfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimian
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rezvan Ghaderpanah
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elahe Rafiei
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedhassan Sadrian
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Pinoșanu EA, Pîrșcoveanu D, Albu CV, Burada E, Pîrvu A, Surugiu R, Sandu RE, Serb AF. Rhoa/ROCK, mTOR and Secretome-Based Treatments for Ischemic Stroke: New Perspectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3484-3501. [PMID: 38666949 PMCID: PMC11049286 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke triggers a complex cascade of cellular and molecular events leading to neuronal damage and tissue injury. This review explores the potential therapeutic avenues targeting cellular signaling pathways implicated in stroke pathophysiology. Specifically, it focuses on the articles that highlight the roles of RhoA/ROCK and mTOR signaling pathways in ischemic brain injury and their therapeutic implications. The RhoA/ROCK pathway modulates various cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics and inflammation, while mTOR signaling regulates cell growth, proliferation, and autophagy. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of targeting these pathways in stroke models, offering insights into potential treatment strategies. However, challenges such as off-target effects and the need for tissue-specific targeting remain. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of MSC secretome in stroke treatment, highlighting the importance of exploring alternative approaches. Future research directions include elucidating the precise mechanisms of action, optimizing treatment protocols, and translating preclinical findings into clinical practice for improved stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Anca Pinoșanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania
| | - Denisa Pîrșcoveanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Carmen Valeria Albu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Emilia Burada
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Andrei Pîrvu
- Dolj County Regional Centre of Medical Genetics, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Craiova, St. Tabaci, No. 1, 200642 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Roxana Surugiu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Raluca Elena Sandu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Alina Florina Serb
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Biochemistry Discipline, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Khan H, Bangar A, Grewal AK, Singh TG. Mechanistic Implications of GSK and CREB Crosstalk in Ischemia Injury. Neurotox Res 2023; 42:1. [PMID: 38091155 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a damage to an organ when the blood supply is less than the demand required for normal functioning, leading to exacerbation of cellular dysfunction and death. IR injury occurs in different organs like the kidney, liver, heart, brain, etc., and may not only involve the ischemic organ but also cause systemic damage to distant organs. Oxygen-glucose deprivation in cells causes oxidative stress, calcium overloading, inflammation, and apoptosis. CREB is an essential integrator of the body's various physiological systems, and it is widely accepted that dysfunction of CREB signaling is involved in many diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury. The activation of CREB can provide life to a cell and increase the cell's survival after ischemia. Hence, GSK/CREB signaling pathway can provide significant protection to cells of different organs after ischemia and emerges as a futuristic strategy for managing ischemia-reperfusion injury. Different signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK, TLR4/MyD88, RISK, Nrf2, and NF-κB, get altered during IR injury by the modulation of GSK-3 and CREB (cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein). GSK-3 (protein kinase B) and CREB are the downstream targets for fulfilling the roles of various signaling pathways. Calcium overloading during ischemia increases the expression of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), which subsequently activates CREB-mediated transcription, thus promoting the survival of cells. Furthermore, this review highlights the crosstalk between GSK-3 and CREB, promoting survival and rendering the cells resistant to subsequent severe ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Annu Bangar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
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López-Morales MA, Castelló-Ruiz M, Burguete MC, Hervás D, Pérez-Pinzón MA, Salom JB. Effect and mechanisms of resveratrol in animal models of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:2013-2028. [PMID: 37802493 PMCID: PMC10925864 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231206236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) holds promise as cerebroprotective treatment in cerebral ischemia. This systematic review aims to assess the effects and mechanisms of RSV in animal models of ischemic stroke. We searched Medline, Embase and Web of Science to identify 75 and 57 eligible rodent studies for qualitative and quantitative syntheses, respectively. Range of evidence met 10 of 13 STAIR criteria. Median (Q1, Q3) quality score was 7 (5, 8) on the CAMARADES 15-item checklist. Bayesian meta-analysis showed SMD estimates (95% CI) favoring RSV: infarct size (-1.72 [-2.03; -1.41]), edema size (-1.61 [-2.24; -0.98]), BBB impairment (-1.85 [-2.54; -1.19]), neurofunctional impairment (-1.60 [-1.92; -1.29]), and motor performance (1.39 [0.64; 2.08]); and less probably neuronal survival (0.63 [-1.40; 2.48]) and apoptosis (-0.96 [-2.87; 1.02]). Species (rat vs mouse) was associated to a larger benefit. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of the estimates. Reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis underlie these effects. Our results quantitatively state the beneficial effects of RSV on structural and functional outcomes in rodent stroke models, update the evidence on the mechanisms of action, and provide an exhaustive list of targeted signaling pathways. Current evidence highlights the need for conducting further high-quality preclinical research to better inform clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikahela A López-Morales
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Castelló-Ruiz
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María C Burguete
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Hervás
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pérez-Pinzón
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Juan B Salom
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Rana AK, Kumar R, Shukla DN, Singh D. Lithium co-administration with rutin improves post-stroke neurological outcomes via suppressing Gsk-3β activity in a rat model. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:107-119. [PMID: 37414348 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability worldwide. Reperfusion is the only therapeutic option with a lot of side effects. In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of rutin and lithium co-treatment in improving post-stroke neurological outcomes in a transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rat model. Middle-aged male rats were subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. NORT and Y-maze were used to assess the cognitive processes. Lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and nitric oxide assays were performed to study oxidative stress. The excitotoxicity index was calculated by HPLC. Real time-PCR and western blotting were performed to study gene and protein expressions. The co-administration of rutin and lithium improved the overall survival, recognition memory, spatial working memory, and neurological score following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Further, a marked decrease in malonaldehyde, protein carbonyls, and nitric oxide levels was observed following combined treatment. The mRNA expression of antioxidant (Hmox1 and Nqo1) and pro-inflammatory (Il2, Il6, and Il1β) markers were significantly attenuated in the rutin and lithium co-administrated group. The treatment inhibited the Gsk-3β and maintained a normal pool of the downstream β-catenin and Nrf2 proteins. The results revealed that co-administration of rutin and lithium had a neuroprotective potential, suggesting it to be a viable treatment to overcome post-stroke deaths and neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Rana
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rajneesh Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Durgesh Nandan Shukla
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Amorfrutin B Protects Mouse Brain Neurons from Hypoxia/Ischemia by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Autophagy Processes Through Gene Methylation- and miRNA-Dependent Regulation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:576-595. [PMID: 36324052 PMCID: PMC9849175 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Amorfrutin B is a selective modulator of the PPARγ receptor, which has recently been identified as an effective neuroprotective compound that protects brain neurons from hypoxic and ischemic damage. Our study demonstrated for the first time that a 6-h delayed post-treatment with amorfrutin B prevented hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis in terms of the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, heterochromatin foci formation, and expression of specific genes and proteins. The expression of all studied apoptosis-related factors was decreased in response to amorfrutin B, both during hypoxia and ischemia, except for the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2, which was increased. After post-treatment with amorfrutin B, the methylation rate of the pro-apoptotic Bax gene was inversely correlated with the protein level, which explained the decrease in the BAX/BCL2 ratio as a result of Bax hypermethylation. The mechanisms of the protective action of amorfrutin B also involved the inhibition of autophagy, as evidenced by diminished autophagolysosome formation and the loss of neuroprotective properties of amorfrutin B after the silencing of Becn1 and/or Atg7. Although post-treatment with amorfrutin B reduced the expression levels of Becn1, Nup62, and Ambra1 during hypoxia, it stimulated Atg5 and the protein levels of MAP1LC3B and AMBRA1 during ischemia, supporting the ambiguous role of autophagy in the development of brain pathologies. Furthermore, amorfrutin B affected the expression levels of apoptosis-focused and autophagy-related miRNAs, and many of these miRNAs were oppositely regulated by amorfrutin B and hypoxia/ischemia. The results strongly support the position of amorfrutin B among the most promising anti-stroke and wide-window therapeutics.
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Shah MA, Kang JB, Kim MO, Koh PO. Chlorogenic acid alleviates the reduction of Akt and Bad phosphorylation and of phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 binding in an animal model of stroke. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e84. [PMID: 36259103 PMCID: PMC9715392 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is caused by disruption of blood supply and results in permanent disabilities as well as death. Chlorogenic acid is a phenolic compound found in various fruits and coffee and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorogenic acid regulates the PI3K-Akt-Bad signaling pathway in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced damage. METHODS Chlorogenic acid (30 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered peritoneally to adult male rats 2 h after MCAO surgery, and animals were sacrificed 24 h after MCAO surgery. Neurobehavioral tests were performed, and brain tissues were isolated. The cerebral cortex was collected for Western blot and immunoprecipitation analyses. RESULTS MCAO damage caused severe neurobehavioral disorders and chlorogenic acid improved the neurological disorders. Chlorogenic acid alleviated the MCAO-induced histopathological changes and decreased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells. Furthermore, MCAO-induced damage reduced the expression of phospho-PDK1, phospho-Akt, and phospho-Bad, which was alleviated with administration of chlorogenic acid. The interaction between phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 levels was reduced in MCAO animals, which was attenuated by chlorogenic acid treatment. In addition, chlorogenic acid alleviated the increase of cytochrome c and caspase-3 expression caused by MCAO damage. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study showed that chlorogenic acid activates phospho-Akt and phospho-Bad and promotes the interaction between phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 during MCAO damage. In conclusion, chlorogenic acid exerts neuroprotective effects by activating the Akt-Bad signaling pathway and maintaining the interaction between phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 in ischemic stroke model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad-Ali Shah
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Myeong-Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Bahroudi Z, Shoorei H, Hussen BM, Talebi SF, Baig SG, Taheri M, Ayatollahi SA. Disease-associated regulation of gene expression by resveratrol: Special focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:298. [PMID: 36180892 PMCID: PMC9524725 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a natural phenol that is present in the skin of the grape, blueberry, raspberry, mulberry, and peanut. This substance is synthesized in these plants following injury or exposure to pathogens. Resveratrol is used as a dietary supplement for a long time and its effects have been assessed in animal models of human disorders. It has potential beneficial effects in diverse pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, neoplastic conditions, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular disorders. Notably, resveratrol has been found to affect the expression of several genes including cytokine coding genes, caspases, matrix metalloproteinases, adhesion molecules, and growth factors. Moreover, it can modulate the activity of several signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, Wnt, NF-κB, and Notch pathways. In the current review, we summarize the results of studies that reported modulatory effects of resveratrol on the expression of genes and the activity of signaling pathways. We explain these results in two distinct sections of non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Seyedeh Fahimeh Talebi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sadia Ghousia Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Wang Q, Yu Q, Wu M. Antioxidant and neuroprotective actions of resveratrol in cerebrovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948889. [PMID: 36133823 PMCID: PMC9483202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebralvascular diseases are the most common high-mortality diseases worldwide. Despite its global prevalence, effective treatments and therapies need to be explored. Given that oxidative stress is an important risk factor involved with cerebral vascular diseases, natural antioxidants and its derivatives can be served as a promising therapeutic strategy. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenolic antioxidant found in grape skins, red wine, and berries. As a phytoalexin to protect against oxidative stress, resveratrol has therapeutic value in cerebrovascular diseases mainly by inhibiting excessive reactive oxygen species production, elevating antioxidant enzyme activity, and other antioxidant molecular mechanisms. This review aims to collect novel kinds of literature regarding the protective activities of resveratrol on cerebrovascular diseases, addressing the potential mechanisms underlying the antioxidative activities and mitochondrial protection of resveratrol. We also provide new insights into the chemistry, sources, and bioavailability of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Shaanxi Prov Peoples Hospital, Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Infect and Immune Dis, Xian, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shaanxi Prov Peoples Hospital, Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Infect and Immune Dis, Xian, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu,
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12
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Wei L, Zhang W, Li Y, Zhai J. The SIRT1-HMGB1 axis: Therapeutic potential to ameliorate inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:986511. [PMID: 36081910 PMCID: PMC9448523 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.986511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common complication of many chronic diseases. It includes inflammation of the parenchyma and vascular systems. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, which can directly participate in the suppression of inflammation. It can also regulate the activity of other proteins. Among them, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) signaling can be inhibited by deacetylating four lysine residues (55, 88, 90, and 177) in quiescent endothelial cells. HMGB1 is a ubiquitous nuclear protein, once translocated outside the cell, which can interact with various target cell receptors including the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR4 and stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cyto-/chemokines. And SIRT1 has been reported to inhibit the activity of HMGB1. Both are related to the occurrence and development of inflammation and associated diseases but show an antagonistic relationship in controlling inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we introduce how this signaling axis regulates the emergence of inflammation-related responses and tumor occurrence, providing a new experimental perspective for future inflammation research. In addition, it explores diverse upstream regulators and some natural/synthetic activators of SIRT1 as a possible treatment for inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence which may encourage the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Meanwhile, this review also introduces the potential molecular mechanism of the SIRT1-HMGB1 pathway to improve inflammation, suggesting that SIRT1 and HMGB1 proteins may be potential targets for treating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyi Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinghui Zhai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghui Zhai,
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13
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Tideglusib Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage by Inhibiting GSK-3β and Apoptosis in Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106349. [PMID: 35152130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, gets activated and worsen stroke outcome after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by inducing inflammation and apoptosis. In this study, tideglusib, a selective irreversible and non-ATP competitive inhibitor of GSK-3β, was explored in cerebral I/R damage using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCAo was done for 90 min in male Wistar rats (250-280 g) using doccol suture. In pre-treatment group, tideglusib (50 mg/kg) was administered once daily for 2 days and on the day of surgery, 30 min before MCAo. Next day, rats were examined for neurobehavioral parameters and MRI was performed to assess brain damage. In post-treatment group, tideglusib was started at 30 min after MCAo and continued for the next 2 days. After 72 h of MCAo, behavioral parameters and brain damage by MRI were assessed. Further, oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10) and expression levels of pGSK-3β S9, Bcl-2 and Bax were estimated in pre-treatment group. RESULTS Tideglusib pre-treatment but not post-treatment significantly improved neurobehavioral parameters (p < 0.05) and reduced brain damage (p < 0.01) when compared with MCAo group. I/R induced changes in MDA (p < 0.01), TNF-α and IL-1β (p < 0.05) were significantly attenuated by pre-treatment. Further, tideglusib pre-treatment ameliorated MCAo induced altered expressions of pGSK-3β S9, Bcl-2 and Bax. CONCLUSION The results of our exploratory study indicated prophylactic potential of tideglusib in I/R injury by modulating pGSK-3β S9, apoptosis and neuro-inflammation.
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14
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Liu J, He J, Huang Y, Hu Z. Resveratrol has an Overall Neuroprotective Role in Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis in Rodents. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795409. [PMID: 34987407 PMCID: PMC8721173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, is broadly presented in dietary sources. Previous research has suggested its potential neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke animal models. However, these results have been disputable. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the effect of resveratrol treatment in ischemic stroke rodent models. Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the effect of resveratrol treatment in ischemic stroke rodent models. Methods: A literature search of the databases Pubmed, Embase, and Web of science identified 564 studies that were subjected to pre-defined inclusion criteria. 54 studies were included and analyzed using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with corresponding confidence interval (CI). Results: As compared with controls, resveratrol significantly decreased infarct volume (SMD −4.34; 95% CI −4.98 to −3.69; p < 0.001) and the neurobehavioral score (SMD −2.26; 95% CI −2.86 to −1.67; p < 0.001) in rodents with ischemic stroke. Quality assessment was performed using a 10-item checklist. Studies quality scores ranged from 3 to 8, with a mean value of 5.94. In the stratified analysis, a significant decrease of infarct volume and the neurobehavioral score was achieved in resveratrol sub-groups with a dosage of 20–50 mg/kg. In the meta-regression analysis, the impact of the delivery route on an outcome is the possible source of high heterogeneity. Conclusion: Generally, resveratrol treatment presented neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke models. Furthermore, this study can direct future preclinical and clinical trials, with important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention, and Treatment, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Wang C, Chen H, Jiang HH, Mao BB, Yu H. Total Flavonoids of Chuju Decrease Oxidative Stress and Cell Apoptosis in Ischemic Stroke Rats: Network and Experimental Analyses. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:772401. [PMID: 34955724 PMCID: PMC8695723 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.772401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pharmacological research results showed that total flavonoids of Chuju (TFCJ) could be used to treat acute myocardial ischemia and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this study, we explored the protective effect of TFCJ on ischemic stroke (IS) in the IS rat model. We hypothesized that TFCJ might exert its neuroprotective effects by suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress that are closely related to PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Method: TFCJ (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) was administered for 7 days. Rats (260 ± 20 g) were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h and reperfusion for 24 h. The neuroprotective effect of TFCJ was substantiated in terms of neurological deficits, oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), pathomorphological changes (HE staining and TUNEL staining), and neurobehavioral functions in the rats. Then, we employed network pharmacology to reveal the potential mechanism of TFCJ against IS. Western blot was used to determine the levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins. The expression of BCL-2, BAX, and cleaved-Caspase-3 was also measured by Western blots and RT-PCR. Results: The histopathological assessment showed that TFCJ reduced MCAO-induced brain damage. Besides, TFCJ exerted a protective role in MCAO rats by alleviating cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Network pharmacology showed that TFCJ might be used against IS through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. TFCJ reduced cell apoptosis and oxidative stress by increasing the level of p-AKT and p-mTOR in MCAO rats, while the effect of TFCJ was significantly reversed when applying LY294002 (PI3k inhibitor). Conclusion: These results indicated that TFCJ might decrease oxidative stress and apoptosis that are closely related to PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in IS. TFCJ is a promising authentic traditional Chinese medicine for the management of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Hui-hui Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Bin-bin Mao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
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16
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Varlamova EG, Turovsky EA, Babenko VA, Plotnikov EY. The Mechanisms Underlying the Protective Action of Selenium Nanoparticles against Ischemia/Reoxygenation Are Mediated by the Activation of the Ca 2+ Signaling System of Astrocytes and Reactive Astrogliosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312825. [PMID: 34884629 PMCID: PMC8657910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the study of the therapeutic effect of the microelement selenium, its compounds, especially selenium nanoparticles, with a large number of works devoted to their anticancer effects. Studies proving the neuroprotective properties of selenium nanoparticles in various neurodegenerative diseases began to appear only in the last 5 years. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of selenium nanoparticles under conditions of ischemia and reoxygenation remain unexplored, especially for intracellular Ca2+ signaling and neuroglial interactions. This work is devoted to the study of the cytoprotective mechanisms of selenium nanoparticles in the neuroglial networks of the cerebral cortex under conditions of ischemia/reoxygenation. It was shown for the first time that selenium nanoparticles dose-dependently induce the generation of Ca2+ signals selectively in astrocytes obtained from different parts of the brain. The generation of these Ca2+ signals by astrocytes occurs through the release of Ca2+ ions from the endoplasmic reticulum through the IP3 receptor upon activation of the phosphoinositide signaling pathway. An increase in the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ in astrocytes leads to the opening of connexin Cx43 hemichannels and the release of ATP and lactate into the extracellular medium, which trigger paracrine activation of the astrocytic network through purinergic receptors. Incubation of cerebral cortex cells with selenium nanoparticles suppresses ischemia-induced increase in cytosolic Ca2+ and necrotic cell death. Activation of A2 reactive astrocytes exclusively after ischemia/reoxygenation, a decrease in the expression level of a number of proapoptotic and proinflammatory genes, an increase in lactate release by astrocytes, and suppression of the hyperexcitation of neuronal networks formed the basis of the cytoprotective effect of selenium nanoparticles in our studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences”, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences”, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Valentina A. Babenko
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (E.Y.P.)
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (E.Y.P.)
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Demyanenko S, Dzreyan V, Sharifulina S. Histone Deacetylases and Their Isoform-Specific Inhibitors in Ischemic Stroke. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101445. [PMID: 34680562 PMCID: PMC8533589 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is the second leading cause of death in the world and multimodal stroke therapy is needed. The ischemic stroke generally reduces the gene expression due to suppression of acetylation of histones H3 and H4. Histone deacetylases inhibitors have been shown to be effective in protecting the brain from ischemic damage. Histone deacetylases inhibitors induce neurogenesis and angiogenesis in damaged brain areas promoting functional recovery after cerebral ischemia. However, the role of different histone deacetylases isoforms in the survival and death of brain cells after stroke is still controversial. This review aims to analyze the data on the neuroprotective activity of nonspecific and selective histone deacetylase inhibitors in ischemic stroke.
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18
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Rahmani Moghadam E, Raei M, Kalantari M, Tavakol S, Mohammadinejad R, Najafi M, Tay FR, Makvandi P. Progress in Natural Compounds/siRNA Co-delivery Employing Nanovehicles for Cancer Therapy. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:669-700. [PMID: 33095554 PMCID: PMC8015217 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy using natural compounds, such as resveratrol, curcumin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, etoposide, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, is of importance in cancer therapy because of the outstanding therapeutic activity and multitargeting capability of these compounds. However, poor solubility and bioavailability of natural compounds have limited their efficacy in cancer therapy. To circumvent this hurdle, nanocarriers have been designed to improve the antitumor activity of the aforementioned compounds. Nevertheless, cancer treatment is still a challenge, demanding novel strategies. It is well-known that a combination of natural products and gene therapy is advantageous over monotherapy. Delivery of multiple therapeutic agents/small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a potent gene-editing tool in cancer therapy can maximize the synergistic effects against tumor cells. In the present review, co-delivery of natural compounds/siRNA using nanovehicles are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Orta Mahalle,
Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı,
Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
- Sabanci
University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci
University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department
of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology &
Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963114, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department
of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department
of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
| | - Mehdi Raei
- Health Research
Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran
| | - Mahshad Kalantari
- Department
of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Azad University, Tehran 19168931813, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614525, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics
Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical
Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- Radiology
and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- College
of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa Italy
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, 14496-14535 Tehran, Iran
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19
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Ghazavi H, Shirzad S, Forouzanfar F, Sahab Negah S, Riyahi Rad M, Vafaee F. The role of resveratrol as a natural modulator in glia activation in experimental models of stroke. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2020; 10:557-573. [PMID: 33299813 PMCID: PMC7711292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is one of the most important causes of death and disability in modern and developing societies. In a stroke, both the glial cells and neurons develop apoptosis due to decreased cellular access to glucose and oxygen. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) as a herbal compound shows neuroprotective and glioprotective effects. This article reviews how resveratrol can alleviate symptoms after stroke to help neurons to survive by modulating some signaling pathways in glia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various databases such as ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were searched from 2000 to February 2020 to gather the required articles using appropriate keywords. RESULTS Resveratrol enhances anti-inflammatory and decreases inflammatory cytokines by affecting the signaling pathways in microglia such as AMP-activated protein kinase (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, AMPK), SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) and SOCS1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1). Furthermore, through miR-155 overexpressing in microglia, resveratrol promotes M2 phenotype polarization. Resveratrol also increases AMPK and inhibits GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta) activity in astrocytes, which release energy, makes ATP available to neurons and reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS). Besides, resveratrol increases oligodendrocyte survival, which can lead to maintaining post-stroke brain homeostasis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that resveratrol can be considered a novel therapeutic agent for the reduction of stroke symptoms that can not only affect neuronal function but also play an important role in reducing neurotoxicity by altering glial activity and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ghazavi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shima Shirzad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sajad Sahab Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Riyahi Rad
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Vafaee
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Molbay M, Özaydın-Goksu E, Kipmen-Korgun D, Unal A, Ozekinci M, Cebeci E, Maltepe E, Korgun ET. Human placental trophoblast progenitor cells (hTPCs) promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:258-268. [PMID: 32772609 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1807978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reduction of blood flow below a threshold value in brain regions locally or globally is called cerebral ischemia and proper treatment requires either the restoration of normal blood flow and/or the administration of neuroprotective therapies. Human trophoblast progenitor cells (hTPCs) give rise to the placenta and are responsible for the invasion and vascular remodeling of the maternal vessels within the uterus. Here, we tested whether hTPCs promoted to differentiate along neural lineages may exhibit therapeutic properties in the setting of cerebral ischemia in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cerebral ischemia was generated in rats via middle cerebral artery occlusion and, after 24 h, hTPCs were injected systemically via tail vein. Animals were sacrified at Day 3 or 11. RESULTS TTC staining indicated that infarct volumes were smaller in hTPC treated animals. Visible myelin recovery was observed in the hTPC injected group with Luxol Fast Blue staining. On Day 11 after hTPC transplantation, DLX5 and VEGF expression, as well as 2 and 10 d after hTPC transplantation, NKX2.2 were significantly increased; while LHX6, Olig1, PDGFRα, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 showed trends toward improved expression in brain tissue via immunoblot analysis. Neuron-like differentiated cells were positive for both NeuN and Cresyl Violet staining. CONCLUSION Here, we demonstrate for the first time that hTPCs enhance the expression of angiogenic and neurogenic factors in rat brain after stroke. Transplantation of hTPCs could form the basis of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of stroke in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Molbay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Dijle Kipmen-Korgun
- Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ali Unal
- Department of Neurology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Murat Ozekinci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Erhan Cebeci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emin Turkay Korgun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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21
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Park DJ, Jeon SJ, Kang JB, Koh PO. Quercetin Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury by Preventing Ischemia-induced Decreases in the Neuronal Calcium Sensor Protein Hippocalcin. Neuroscience 2020; 430:47-62. [PMID: 31982469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcium acts as a second messenger that mediates physiologic functions, such as metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Hippocalcin is a neuronal calcium sensor protein that regulates intracellular calcium concentration. Moreover, it prevents neuronal cell death from oxidative stress. Quercetin has excellent antioxidant properties and preventative effects. We studied modulation of hippocalcin expression by quercetin treatment in cerebral ischemic injury and glutamate-induced neuronal cell damage. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with vehicle or quercetin (10 mg/kg) 1 h prior to pMCAO, and cerebral cortical tissues were isolated 24 h after pMCAO. Quercetin improved pMCAO-induced neuronal movement deficit and infarction. pMCAO induced a decrease in hippocalcin expression in the cerebral cortex. However, quercetin treatment attenuated this pMCAO-induced decrease. In cultured hippocampal cells, glutamate excitotoxicity dramatically increased the intracellular calcium concentration, whereas quercetin alleviated intracellular calcium overload. Moreover, Western blot and immunocytochemical studies showed reduction of hippocalcin expression in glutamate-exposed cells. Quercetin prevented this glutamate-induced decrease. Furthermore, caspase-3 expression in hippocalcin siRNA transfection conditions is higher than caspase-3 expression in un-transfection conditions. Quercetin treatment attenuated the increase of caspase-3. Taken together, these results suggest that quercetin exerts a preventative effect through attenuation of intracellular calcium overload and restoration of down-regulated hippocalcin expression during ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ju Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Jeon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea.
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