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Mokhtarian R, Rajabi S, Zahedian S, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Hadizadeh M, Sadeghinejad M. The effect of saffron and its extracts on the treatment of breast cancer: A narrative review. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024; 82:629-640. [PMID: 38367937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy in women and the second most common disease worldwide, affecting approximately one million individuals annually. Despite the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, medication resistance and adverse effects limit its effectiveness, leading researchers to explore alternative treatments, including herbal remedies. Saffron, a well-known spice derived from the Crocus sativus L. plant, has shown potential as a BC treatment. The active components of saffron exhibit anti-cancer properties by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell division, and modulating signaling pathways implicated in cancer development, such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and MAPK. Clinical findings suggest that saffron can alleviate chemotherapy-induced symptoms, reduce serum tumor marker levels, and enhance quality of life. Preliminary clinical trials are investigating the safety and efficacy of saffron in treating BC, with recent evidence indicating that recommended doses of saffron supplementation are well-tolerated and safe. This review provides an overview of the anti-tumor effects of saffron and its unique chemical composition in BC. However, further research and clinical studies are imperative to fully comprehend the potential of saffron in adjuvant therapy for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Mokhtarian
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, NourDanesh Institute of Higher Education, Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soodeh Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Setareh Zahedian
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeideh Jafarinejad-Farsangi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghinejad
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
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Indumathi T, Suriyaprakash J, Alarfaj AA, Hirad AH, Jaganathan R, Mathanmohun M. Synergistic effects of CuO/TiO 2 -chitosan-farnesol nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities on melanoma cells SK-MEL-3. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300505. [PMID: 37988658 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The current investigation focuses on synthesizing copper oxide (CuO)-titanium oxide (TiO2 )-chitosan-farnesol nanocomposites with potential antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties against Melanoma cells (melanoma cells [SK-MEL-3]). The nanocomposites were synthesized using the standard acetic acid method and subsequently characterized using an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results from the antibacterial tests against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Stapylococcus aureus demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy. Additionally, the antifungal studies using Candida albicans through the agar diffusion method displayed a considerable antifungal effect. For evaluating the anticancer activity, various assays such as MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assay, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) analysis were conducted on SK-MEL-3 cells. The nanocomposites exhibited the ability to induce ROS generation, decrease MMP levels, and trigger apoptosis in SK-MEL-3 cells. Collectively, the findings demonstrated a distinct pattern for the synthesized bimetallic nanocomposites. Furthermore, these nanocomposites also displayed significant (p < 0.05) antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects when tested on the SK-MEL-3 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Indumathi
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Microbiology Unit, Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Maghimaa Mathanmohun
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ibrahim IAA, Alzahrani AR, Alanazi IM, Shahzad N, Shahid I, Falemban AH, Azlina MFN, Arulselvan P. Chitosan biopolymer functionalized with graphene oxide and titanium dioxide with Escin metallic nanocomposites for anticancer potential against colon cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127334. [PMID: 37820908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Our study produced GO-TiO2-chitosan-escin nanocomposites (GTCEnc), characterized them using physical and biological methods, and evaluated their potential as cancer treatment candidates. Standard protocols were used to produce GTCEnc. Nanocomposites are created using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and PL spectroscopy analysis. The morphology and ultrastructure of nanocomposites were investigated using SEM and TEM. Nanocomposites containing TiO2, GO, chitosan, and escin nanostructures were characterized using diffraction, microscopy, and spectroscopy; the antimicrobial activity of GTCEnc was investigated. Various methods were used to test the anticancer activity of GTCEnc against COLO 205 cell lines, including MTT, EtBr/AO, DAPI, JC-1, Annexin-V/FITC, cell cycle analysis, and activation of pro-apoptotic markers, such as caspase-3, -8, and -9. The nanocomposites were cytotoxic to COLO 205 cells, with an IC50 of 22.68 μg/mL, but not to 293T cells. In cells treated with nanomaterials, cytotoxicity, nuclear damage, apoptosis induction, and free radical production were significantly increased. Our finding suggests that GTCEnc has potent anticancer and antibacterial activity in vitro because of its unique nanocomposite properties and antibacterial and anticancer activity in vitro. Additional research is required to understand the clinical efficacy of these nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Shahid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Hisham Falemban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
| | - Palanisamy Arulselvan
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 105, India
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Lingfa L, Tirumala A, Ankanagari S. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Reproductive Stage Withania somnifera Leaf and Stem on HepG2 Cell Line. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:8832166. [PMID: 38169931 PMCID: PMC10761218 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8832166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background The ayurvedic plant Withania somnifera, a member of the Solanaceae family, has been used as a remedy for diverse health problems, including cancer. Objectives The objective of this investigation was to conduct a comparative analysis of the in vitro cytotoxic properties of methanolic extracts derived from the leaf, stem, and root of W. somnifera on HepG2 and L929 cell lines. Methods Methanolic extracts were obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. To assess the in vitro anticancer action on the HepG2 and L929 cell lines, an MTT assay was performed. Changes in cell morphology were observed using an inverted microscope. Results The MTT assay results indicated that the leaf, stem, and root methanolic extracts of W. somnifera showed significantly higher in vitro cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 43.06 ± 0.615, 45.60 ± 0.3, and 314.4 ± 0.795 μg/mL than in L929 cell lines with 78.77 ± 0.795, 90.55 ± 0.800, and 361.70 ± 0.795 μg/mL, respectively. The leaf methanolic extract was the most effective, followed by the stem methanolic extract in the HepG2 cell line. Conclusion The results of our study have confirmed that the methanolic extracts of both the leaf and stem of W. somnifera exhibit significant in vitro cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell lines, while displaying no significant cytotoxicity in the L929 cell line. Furthermore, the data obtained from the MTT assay indicate that the leaf methanolic extract possesses a more potent cytotoxic activity than the stem methanolic extract with respect to the HepG2 cell line. Further studies on the identification and isolation of bioactive metabolites are required to explore the mechanisms underlying their in vitro cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lali Lingfa
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aravinda Tirumala
- Department of Botany, Nagarjuna Government College, Mahatma Gandhi University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Ankanagari
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Maitisha G, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Han S, Zhao Y, Abliz A, Liu G. Network pharmacology-based approach to investigate the molecular targets of essential oil obtained from lavender for treating breast cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21759. [PMID: 38034788 PMCID: PMC10681924 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavender essential oil (LEO) is known for its medicinal use in the development of pharmaceuticals. Further investigations were demonstrated that LEO has many biological properties including apoptosis. However, The anti-breast cancer activity and mechanism of LEO are still unclear. we aim to elucidate the elusive anti-breast cancer activity and mechanism of LEO by unveiling the intricate molecular targets that it engages with, thereby priming it for effective therapeutic intervention against breast carcinoma. In this paper, we extracted LEO from lavender and analyzed it's chemical constituents by using hydro-distillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS/MS) method, respectively. The active components against breast cancer and it's molecular targets were selected and biological process, molecular function, cellular component and involving pathways were evaluated via network pharmacology approach. Cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle assay were used to evaluate anti-breast cancer effect of LEO. Employing the western blotting method to validate target protein expression following LEO treatment in vitro. We found the 21 effective components and 213 drug-disease common targets of LEO. Amoung them, 7 active components and 19 targets were identified as potential therapeutic targets. Gene ontology results revealed that the drug-disease common targets of LEO were mainly distributed in membrane region, involved in peptide-tyrosine phosphorylation, and primarily associated with protein tyrosine kinase. We also found that drug-disease common targets might contribute to the regulation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway by using KEGG pathway analysis. Besides, our study demonstrated reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 treated with LEO while cell cycle arrest was not altered. The AKT1 expression down-regulated while PIK3CA expression was increased in both cell lines. Our findings indicate that LEO has the ability to induce apoptosis by modulating the expression of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in these cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzhalinuer Maitisha
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Junhao Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Shuxia Han
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Youyun Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Ablikim Abliz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Guangzhong Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
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Silvestre F, Santos C, Silva V, Ombredane A, Pinheiro W, Andrade L, Garcia M, Pacheco T, Joanitti G, Luz G, Carneiro M. Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Delivered by Nanoparticles and the Relationship with Antitumor Efficacy: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:943. [PMID: 37513855 PMCID: PMC10384157 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound, derived from Curcuma longa, and it has several pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor. Although it is a pleiotropic molecule, curcumin's free form, which is lipophilic, has low bioavailability and is rapidly metabolized, limiting its clinical use. With the advances in techniques for loading curcumin into nanostructures, it is possible to improve its bioavailability and extend its applications. In this review, we gather evidence about the comparison of the pharmacokinetics (biodistribution and bioavailability) between free curcumin (Cur) and nanostructured curcumin (Cur-NPs) and their respective relationships with antitumor efficacy. The search was performed in the following databases: Cochrane, LILACS, Embase, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Clinical Trials, BSV regional portal, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. The selected studies were based on studies that used High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) as the pharmacokinetics evaluation method. Of the 345 studies initially pooled, 11 met the inclusion criteria and all included studies classified as high quality. In this search, a variety of nanoparticles used to deliver curcumin (polymeric, copolymeric, nanocrystals, nanovesicles, and nanosuspension) were found. Most Cur-NPs presented negative Zeta potential ranging from -25 mV to 12.7 mV, polydispersion index (PDI) ranging from 0.06 to 0.283, and hydrodynamic diameter ranging from 30.47 to 550.1 nm. Selected studies adopted mainly oral and intravenous administrations. In the pharmacokinetics analysis, samples of plasma, liver, tumor, lung, brain, kidney, and spleen were evaluated. The administration of curcumin, in nanoparticle systems, resulted in a higher level of curcumin in tumors compared to free curcumin, leading to an improved antitumor effect. Thus, the use of nanoparticles can be a promising alternative for curcumin delivery since this improves its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silvestre
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Santos
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering (PPGEB), Faculty of Gama, University of Brasilia, Special Area of Industry Projection A, Brasilia 72444-240, Brazil
| | - Vitória Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alicia Ombredane
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Willie Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Sciences and Technologies in Health, Faculty of Ceilândia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Laise Andrade
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mônica Garcia
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Thyago Pacheco
- Post-Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Graziella Joanitti
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Sciences and Technologies in Health, Faculty of Ceilândia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Glécia Luz
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering (PPGEB), Faculty of Gama, University of Brasilia, Special Area of Industry Projection A, Brasilia 72444-240, Brazil
| | - Marcella Carneiro
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology (LCBNano), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering (PPGEB), Faculty of Gama, University of Brasilia, Special Area of Industry Projection A, Brasilia 72444-240, Brazil
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Talukdar D, Kumar P, Sharma D, Balaramnavar VM, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Alzarea SI, Gupta G, Gupta MM. Anticancer Phytochemical-Based Nanoformulations: Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer Cell Lines. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2023; 42:79-93. [PMID: 36734954 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2022044317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals have the potential to treat resistant cancer. They are delivered to the target site via nano-based carriers. Promising results are seen in preclinical and in vitro models, as phytochemical-based nanoformulations have improved cell cytotoxicity compared to single agents. They can synergistically inhibit cancer cell growth through p53 apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, synergic viability in reproducible glioma models at half inhibitory concentrations has been shown. Through caspase activation, phytochemical-based nanoformulations also increase cell death in 4T1 breast cancer cell lines. They have shown improved cytotoxicity at half inhibitory concentrations compared to single-agent drugs in cervical cancer. In terms of colorectal cancer, they have the potential to arrest cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and synergistically inhibit cell proliferation. In squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, they inhibit protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. This review reports on developments in the therapeutic management of various cancers using phytochemical-based nanoformulations, which have shown potential benefits in the clinical management of cancer patients, halting/slowing the progression of the disease and ameliorating chemotherapy-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Talukdar
- Department of Medical Research, Armenian Russian International University "Mkhitar Gosh," Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, SOMS, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Suresh GyanVihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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Nimer RM, Khabour OF, Swedan SF, Kofahi HM. Effect of natural products use prior to infection with COVID-19 on disease severity and hospitalization: A self-reported cross-sectional survey study. F1000Res 2022; 11:639. [PMID: 35919098 PMCID: PMC9294495 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.121933.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using available resources is essential to reduce the health burden of disease. The severity of COVID-19 is affected by nutritional status. In this study the effect of natural product use prior to infection with COVID-19 on disease severity and hospitalization was explored. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Between March and July 2021, a self-administered survey was conducted in Jordan. Individuals who recovered from COVID-19 and were ≥18 years old were the study population. Study measures included the use of natural products, COVID-19 severity, and hospitalization status. A multivariate regression model was used for statistical analysis. Results:
The mean age (mean ± SD) of the study sample (n=2,148) was 40.25 ± 15.58 years old. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the regular intake of carnation (OR [0.56], CI [0.37–0.85]), onion (OR [0.69], CI [0.52–0.92]), lemon (OR [0.68], CI [0.51–0.90]), and citrus fruits (OR [0.66], CI [0.50–0.89]) before infection were associated with a substantial reduction in COVID-19 severity (P<0.01). Also, the consumption of carnation (OR [0.55], CI [0.34–0.88]), lemon (OR [0.57], CI [0.42–0.78]), and citrus fruits (OR [0.61], CI [0.44–0.84]) were associated with a significant decrease in the frequency of COVID-19-induced hospitalization (P<0.01). Conclusions: Regular consumption of carnation, lemon, and citrus fruits before infection was associated with better outcomes for COVID-19. Studies on other populations are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refat M. Nimer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Samer F. Swedan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hassan M. Kofahi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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