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Golenkina EA, Viryasova GM, Galkina SI, Iakushkina IV, Gaponova TV, Romanova YM, Sud’ina GF. ATP and Formyl Peptides Facilitate Chemoattractant Leukotriene-B4 Synthesis and Drive Calcium Fluxes, Which May Contribute to Neutrophil Swarming at Sites of Cell Damage and Pathogens Invasion. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1184. [PMID: 38927391 PMCID: PMC11201259 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate that human neutrophil interaction with the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium fuels leukotriene B4 synthesis induced by the chemoattractant fMLP. In this work, we found that extracellular ATP (eATP), the amount of which increases sharply during tissue damage, can effectively regulate fMLP-induced leukotriene B4 synthesis. The vector of influence strongly depends on the particular stage of sequential stimulation of neutrophils by bacteria and on the stage at which fMLP purinergic signaling occurs. Activation of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), key enzyme of leukotriene biosynthesis, depends on an increase in the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+. We demonstrate that eATP treatment prior to fMLP, by markedly reducing the amplitude of the fMLP-induced Ca2+ transient jump, inhibits leukotriene synthesis. At the same time, when added with or shortly after fMLP, eATP effectively potentiates arachidonic acid metabolism, including by Ca2+ fluxes stimulation. Flufenamic acid, glibenclamide, and calmodulin antagonist R24571, all of which block calcium signaling in different ways, all suppressed 5-LOX product synthesis in our experimental model, indicating the dominance of calcium-mediated mechanisms in eATP regulatory potential. Investigation into the adhesive properties of neutrophils revealed the formation of cell clusters when adding fMLP to neutrophils exposed to the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. eATP added simultaneously with fMLP supported neutrophil polarization and clustering. A cell-derived chemoattractant such as leukotriene B4 plays a crucial role in the recruitment of additional neutrophils to the foci of tissue damage or pathogen invasion, and eATP, through the dynamics of changes in [Ca2+]i, plays an important decisive role in fMLP-induced leukotrienes synthesis during neutrophil interactions with the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Golenkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.G.); (G.M.V.); (S.I.G.); (I.V.I.)
| | - Galina M. Viryasova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.G.); (G.M.V.); (S.I.G.); (I.V.I.)
| | - Svetlana I. Galkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.G.); (G.M.V.); (S.I.G.); (I.V.I.)
| | - Iuliia V. Iakushkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.G.); (G.M.V.); (S.I.G.); (I.V.I.)
| | - Tatjana V. Gaponova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Russia Federation Ministry of Public Health, 125167 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yulia M. Romanova
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Galina F. Sud’ina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.G.); (G.M.V.); (S.I.G.); (I.V.I.)
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2
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Benson JC, Trebak M. Too much of a good thing: The case of SOCE in cellular apoptosis. Cell Calcium 2023; 111:102716. [PMID: 36931194 PMCID: PMC10481469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is an essential second messenger in eukaryotic cells regulating numerous cellular functions such as contraction, secretion, immunity, growth, and metabolism. Ca2+ signaling is also a key signal transducer in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. The store-operated Ca2+ entry pathway (SOCE) is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells, and is the primary Ca2+ influx pathway in non-excitable cells. SOCE is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensing STIM proteins, and the plasma membrane Ca2+-selective Orai channels. A growing number of studies have implicated SOCE in regulating cell death primarily via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in a variety of tissues and in response to physiological stressors such as traumatic brain injury, ischemia reperfusion injury, sepsis, and alcohol toxicity. Notably, the literature points to excessive cytosolic Ca2+ influx through SOCE in vulnerable cells as a key factor tipping the balance towards cellular apoptosis. While the literature primarily addresses the functions of STIM1 and Orai1, STIM2, Orai2 and Orai3 are also emerging as potential regulators of cell death. Here, we review the functions of STIM and Orai proteins in regulating cell death and the implications of this regulation to human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cory Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA.
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3
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Bayless RL, Sheats MK, Jones SL. Withaferin A Inhibits Neutrophil Adhesion, Migration, and Respiratory Burst and Promotes Timely Neutrophil Apoptosis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:900453. [PMID: 35782542 PMCID: PMC9247543 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.900453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a major role in many equine conditions, including equine asthma, laminitis, and intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury, and therefore represent an attractive target for innovative therapeutic approaches. Novel strategies for reducing neutrophilic inflammation include modulation of neutrophil functions and lifespan. Withaferin A (WFA) is a phytochemical with well-established in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties, but its direct effects on neutrophils are largely unknown. We hypothesized that WFA would inhibit adhesion, migration, and respiratory burst by equine neutrophils and promote timely apoptosis of primed equine neutrophils. Consistent with this hypothesis, our data show that WFA causes a significant, concentration-dependent inhibition of equine neutrophil adhesion, migration, and respiratory burst in response to diverse stimuli. Further, WFA treatment increased apoptosis of equine neutrophils exposed to GM-CSF for 24 h. This pro-apoptotic effect of WFA was not observed in unprimed neutrophils, nor at the 2-h time point relevant to our functional neutrophil experiments. Our data demonstrate that WFA may reduce neutrophil-mediated inflammation through multiple mechanisms, including suppression of inflammatory responses and promotion of apoptosis. Additional research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for these effects and evaluate the potential clinical use of WFA in veterinary and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary L Bayless
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - M Katie Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Samuel L Jones
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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4
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Wang Z, Franke K, Bal G, Li Z, Zuberbier T, Babina M. MRGPRX2-Mediated Degranulation of Human Skin Mast Cells Requires the Operation of Gαi, Gαq, Ca++ Channels, ERK1/2 and PI3K—Interconnection between Early and Late Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060953. [PMID: 35326404 PMCID: PMC8946553 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of MRGPRX2 explains mast cell (MC)-dependent symptoms independently of FcεRI-activation. Because of its novelty, signaling cascades triggered by MRGPRX2 are rudimentarily understood, especially in cutaneous MCs, by which MRGPRX2 is chiefly expressed. Here, MCs purified from human skin were used following preculture or ex vivo and stimulated by FcεRI-aggregation or MRGPRX2 agonists (compound 48/80, Substance P) in the presence/absence of inhibitors. Degranulation was assessed by β-hexosaminidase or histamine release. Phosphorylation events were studied by immunoblotting. As a G protein-coupled receptor, MRGPRX2 signals by activating G proteins; however, their nature has remained controversial. In skin MCs, Gαi and Gαq were required for degranulation, but Gαi was clearly more relevant. Ca++ channels were likewise crucial. Downstream, PI3K was essential for granule discharge initiated by MRGPRX2 or FcεRI. ERK1/2 and JNK were additional participants, especially in the allergic route. Addressing possible points of intersection between early and later events, pERK1/2 and pAKT were found to depend on Gαi, further highlighting its significance. Gαq and Ca++ channels made some contributions to the phosphorylation of ERK. Ca++ differentially affected PI3K activation in FcεRI- vis-à-vis MRGPRX2-signaling, as channel inhibition increased pAKT only when triggered via FcεRI. Collectively, our study significantly extends our understanding of the molecular framework behind granule secretion from skin MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Northwest Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Kristin Franke
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gürkan Bal
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Magda Babina
- Institute for Allergology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Z.W.); (K.F.); (G.B.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence:
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5
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Stratmann AEP, Wohlgemuth L, Erber ME, Bernhard S, Hug S, Fauler M, Vidoni L, Mohamed AOK, Thomaß BD, Münnich F, Stukan L, Föhr KJ, Mannes M, Huber-Lang MS, Messerer DAC. Simultaneous Measurement of Changes in Neutrophil Granulocyte Membrane Potential, Intracellular pH, and Cell Size by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1504. [PMID: 34829733 PMCID: PMC8614908 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils provide rapid and efficient defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. Upon stimulation with proinflammatory mediators, including complement factors and bacterial peptides, neutrophils respond with changes in their membrane potential, intracellular pH, and cellular size. This study provides an approach to quantify these important changes simultaneously using multiparametric flow cytometry, thereby revealing a typical sequence of neutrophil activation consisting of depolarization, alkalization, and increase in cellular size. Additionally, the time resolution of the flow cytometric measurement is improved in order to allow changes that occur within seconds to be monitored, and thus to enhance the kinetic analysis of the neutrophil response. The method is appropriate for the reliable semiquantitative detection of small variations with respect to an increase, no change, and decrease in those parameters as demonstrated by the screening of various proinflammatory mediators. As a translational outlook, the findings are put into context in inflammatory conditions in vitro as well as in a clinically relevant whole blood model of endotoxemia. Taken together, the multiparametric analysis of neutrophil responsiveness regarding depolarization, alkalization, and changes in cellular size may contribute to a better understanding of neutrophils in health and disease, thus potentially yielding innovative mechanistic insights and possible novel diagnostic and/or prognostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maike Elisabeth Erber
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Hug
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Fauler
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Vidoni
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Adam Omar Khalaf Mohamed
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Bertram Dietrich Thomaß
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederik Münnich
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Stukan
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Karl Josef Föhr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marco Mannes
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Stefan Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David Alexander Christian Messerer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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6
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Fichtner T, Kotarski F, Gärtner U, Conejeros I, Hermosilla C, Wrenzycki C, Taubert A. Bovine sperm samples induce different NET phenotypes in a NADPH oxidase-, PAD4-, and Ca++-dependent process†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:902-914. [PMID: 31967293 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deposition of sperm during artificial insemination in the bovine female reproductive tract results in early host innate immune reactions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Furthermore, sperm-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis) was recently reported to occur in different mammalian species, including humans. We, here, investigated the interactions of bovine PMN with different semen-derived samples and analyzed in more depth molecular aspects of this effector mechanism. Overall, confrontation of PMN with sperm/cell preparation (SCP) resulted in a rapid and dose-dependent NET formation leading to effective spermatozoa entrapment. Thereby, spermatozoa induced different phenotypes of NETs. Immunostaining analyses revealed the presence of histones (H3), neutrophil elastase (NE), and pentraxin (PTX) in sperm-triggered NET structures. Fresh SCP strongly induced NETosis than frozen-thawed ones. The level of NETosis was not related to spermatozoa viability. SCP as well as purified sperm cells (SCs) and supernatant (SN) induce NETosis, although the reaction in SC was lower. Enhanced levels of oxygen consumption and proton leak in PMN revealed sperm SNs but not purified SCs as PMN activators. Functional inhibition experiments revealed sperm-triggered NETosis as an NADPH oxidase- and peptidylarginine deiminase 4-dependent process and proved to be dependent on intra- and extracellular Ca++ influxes while myeloperoxidase activity and as ERK1/2- and PI3K-related signaling pathways did not seem to play a pivotal role in this effector mechanism. From these findings, we speculate that sperm-derived NETosis might also occur in vivo during artificial insemination and might therefore play a role related to reduced fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Fichtner
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Clinic of Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Franziska Kotarski
- Chair for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Clinic of Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gärtner
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Iván Conejeros
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Wrenzycki
- Chair for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Clinic of Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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7
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Acharya S, Sarkar A, Singh U, Narayan A, Ningombam A. Unusual Location and Presentation of a Not So Common Cytoplasmic Inclusion. J Appl Lab Med 2021; 6:795-797. [PMID: 33227130 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaa174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shreyam Acharya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Abhirup Sarkar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Upinder Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Ananthu Narayan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Aparna Ningombam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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8
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Messerer DAC, Schmidt H, Frick M, Huber-Lang M. Ion and Water Transport in Neutrophil Granulocytes and Its Impairment during Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1699. [PMID: 33567720 PMCID: PMC7914618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil granulocytes are the vanguard of innate immunity in response to numerous pathogens. Their activity drives the clearance of microbe- and damage-associated molecular patterns, thereby contributing substantially to the resolution of inflammation. However, excessive stimulation during sepsis leads to cellular unresponsiveness, immunological dysfunction, bacterial expansion, and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction. During the short lifespan of neutrophils, they can become significantly activated by complement factors, cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Following stimulation, the cells respond with a defined (electro-)physiological pattern, including depolarization, calcium influx, and alkalization as well as with increased metabolic activity and polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. Activity of ion transport proteins and aquaporins is critical for multiple cellular functions of innate immune cells, including chemotaxis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and phagocytosis of both pathogens and tissue debris. In this review, we first describe the ion transport proteins and aquaporins involved in the neutrophil ion-water fluxes in response to chemoattractants. We then relate ion and water flux to cellular functions with a focus on danger sensing, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst and approach the role of altered ion transport protein expression and activity in impaired cellular functions and cell death during systemic inflammation as in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alexander Christian Messerer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hanna Schmidt
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
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9
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Zhang X, Xin P, Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Johnson MT, Pathak T, Benson JC, Azimi I, Gill DL, Monteith GR, Trebak M. Distinct pharmacological profiles of ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3 channels. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102281. [PMID: 32896813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel is crucial to many physiological functions. Both gain and loss of CRAC function is linked to disease. While ORAI1 is a crucial subunit of CRAC channels, recent evidence suggests that ORAI2 and ORAI3 heteromerize with ORAI1 to form native CRAC channels. Furthermore, ORAI2 and ORAI3 can form CRAC channels independently of ORAI1, suggesting diverse native CRAC stoichiometries. Yet, most available CRAC modifiers are presumed to target ORAI1 with little knowledge of their effects on ORAI2/3 or heteromers of ORAIs. Here, we used ORAI1/2/3 triple-null cells to express individual ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3 or ORAI1/2/3 concatemers. We reveal that GSK-7975A and BTP2 essentially abrogate ORAI1 and ORAI2 activity while causing only a partial inhibition of ORAI3. Interestingly, Synta66 abrogated ORAI1 channel function, while potentiating ORAI2 with no effect on ORAI3. CRAC channel activities mediated by concatenated ORAI1-1, ORAI1-2 and ORAI1-3 dimers were inhibited by Synta66, while ORAI2-3 dimers were unaffected. The CRAC enhancer IA65 significantly potentiated ORAI1 and ORAI1-1 activity with marginal effects on other ORAIs. Further, we characterized the profiles of individual ORAI isoforms in the presence of Gd3+ (5μM), 2-APB (5 μM and 50 μM), as well as changes in intracellular and extracellular pH. Our data reveal unique pharmacological features of ORAI isoforms expressed in an ORAI-null background and provide new insights into ORAI isoform selectivity of widely used CRAC pharmacological compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA.
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - J Cory Benson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA.
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10
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Lipopeptide PAM3CYS4 Synergizes N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-Induced Calcium Transients in Mouse Neutrophils. Shock 2019; 50:493-499. [PMID: 29176405 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), a mimic of N-formyl oligopeptides that are released from bacteria, is a potent leukocyte chemotactic factor. It induces intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) transient that is important for various neutrophil biological functions, e.g., adhesion, ROS, and cytokine productions. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), an essential part of host innate immunity, regulate neutrophil activities, but their role in [Ca]i signaling is less clear. In the present study, we examined the effect of several TLR ligands, including Pam3Cys4 (TLR1/2), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR4), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA, TLR2/6), on calcium signaling and on the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients in mouse neutrophils loaded with Fura-2/AM. We found that unlike fMLP, the three TLR ligands tested did not elicit any detectable Ca flux. However, Pam3Cys4, but not LPS or LTA, markedly synergized the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients, and had no effect on the host component keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC)- or C5a-induced calcium flux. The effect of Pam3Cys4 on the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients is by enhancing extracellular Ca influx, not intracellular Ca release. Surprisingly, deletion of TLR2 or MyD88 in neutrophils had no impact on the Pam3Cys4's effect, suggesting a TLR2-MyD88-independent mechanism. Finally, using the pan PKC activator and inhibitor, we demonstrated that PKC negatively regulated fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients and that inhibition of PKC did not prohibit Pam3Cys4's synergistic effect on the fMLP-induced calcium influx. In conclusion, the present study identified a novel synergistic effect of Pam3Cys4 on fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients, a process important for many neutrophil biological functions.
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11
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Bassel LL, Caswell JL. Bovine neutrophils in health and disease. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 371:617-637. [PMID: 29445861 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bovine neutrophils have similarities to those of other species with respect to mechanisms of their activation and migration into tissue, modulation of immune responses and the balance between microbial killing and host tissue damage. However, bovine neutrophils have biochemical and functional differences from those of other species, which may yield insights about the comparative biology of neutrophils. Neutrophils play protective and harmful roles in the infectious diseases of cattle that occur at times of transition: respiratory disease in beef calves recently arrived to feedlots and mastitis and other diseases of postparturient dairy cows. An important research focus is the mechanisms by which risk factors for these diseases affect neutrophil function and thereby lead to disease and the prospect of genetic or pharmacologic improvement of disease resistance. Further, in keeping with the One Health paradigm, cattle can be considered a model for studying the role of neutrophils in naturally occurring diseases caused by host-adapted pathogens and are thus an intermediary between studies of mouse models and investigations of human disease. Finally, the study of bovine neutrophils is important for agriculture, to understand the pathogenesis of these production-limiting diseases and to develop novel methods of disease prevention that improve animal health and reduce the reliance on antimicrobial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Bassel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Jeff L Caswell
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
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12
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Larrazabal CS, Carretta MD, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. Amiloride interferes with platelet- activating factor-induced respiratory burst and MMP-9 release in bovine neutrophils independent of Na +/H + exchanger 1. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 191:68-73. [PMID: 28895869 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic pH homeostasis is required for an appropriate response in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). In these cells, chemotaxis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are reduced by the use of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) inhibitors, but these results are mainly obtained using amiloride, a non-selective NHE-1 inhibitor. In bovine PMNs, the role of NHE-1 in functional responses has not been confirmed yet. The aim of this study was to determine the role of NHE-1 using amiloride and zoniporide in pH regulation, ROS production, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) release and calcium flux in bovine PMNs induced by the platelet activation factor (PAF), additionally we evaluated the presence of NHE-1 and NHE-2 mRNA Our data show the presence only of NHE-1 but not NHE-2 in bovine PMNs. Amiloride or zoniporide inhibited the intracellular alkalization induced by PAF without affecting calcium flux. Amiloride diminished ROS production and MMP-9 release, while zoniporide enhanced ROS production without change the MMP-9 release induced by PAF. Our work led us to conclude that changes in intracellular pH induced by PAF are regulated by NHE-1 in bovine neutrophils, but the effects of amiloride on ROS production and MMP-9 release induced by PAF are not NHE-1 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Larrazabal
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M D Carretta
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M A Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - R A Burgos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile.
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13
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Villagra-Blanco R, Silva LMR, Muñoz-Caro T, Yang Z, Li J, Gärtner U, Taubert A, Zhang X, Hermosilla C. Bovine Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Cast Neutrophil Extracellular Traps against the Abortive Parasite Neospora caninum. Front Immunol 2017; 8:606. [PMID: 28611772 PMCID: PMC5447047 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neospora caninum represents a relevant apicomplexan parasite causing severe reproductive disorders in cattle worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) generation was recently described as an efficient defense mechanism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) acting against different parasites. In vitro interactions of bovine PMN with N. caninum were analyzed at different ratios and time spans. Extracellular DNA staining was used to illustrate the typical molecules of NETs [i.e., histones (H3), neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), pentraxin] via antibody-based immunofluorescence analyses. Functional inhibitor treatments were applied to reveal the role of several enzymes [NADPH oxidase (NOX), NE, MPO, PAD4], ATP-dependent P2Y2 receptor, store-operated Ca++entry (SOCE), CD11b receptor, ERK1/2- and p38 MAPK-mediated signaling pathway in tachyzoite-triggered NETosis. N. caninum tachyzoites triggered NETosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed NET structures being released by bovine PMN and entrapping tachyzoites. N. caninum-induced NET formation was found not to be NOX-, NE-, MPO-, PAD4-, ERK1/2-, and p38 MAP kinase-dependent process since inhibition of these enzymes led to a slight decrease of NET formation. CD11b was also identified as a neutrophil receptor being involved in NETosis. Furthermore, N. caninum-triggered NETosis depends on Ca++ influx as well as neutrophil metabolism since both the inhibition of SOCE and of P2Y2-mediated ATP uptake diminished NET formation. Host cell invasion assays indicated that PMN-derived NETosis hampered tachyzoites from active host cell invasion, thereby inhibiting further intracellular replication. NET formation represents an early and effective mechanism of response of the innate immune system, which might reduce initial infection rates during the acute phase of cattle neosporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liliana M R Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tamara Muñoz-Caro
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ulrich Gärtner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Xichen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Mukherjee S, Sheng W, Sun R, Janssen LJ. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIβ and IIδ mediate TGFβ-induced transduction of fibronectin and collagen in human pulmonary fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L510-L519. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00084.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now clear that in addition to activating several complex kinase pathways (Smad, MAP kinase, PI3 kinase), TGFβ also acts by elevating cytosolic Ca2+ concentration within human pulmonary fibroblasts. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CamK II) is also known to regulate gene expression in fibroblasts. In this study, we examined the interactions between calcium signaling, activation of CamK and other kinases, and extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression. Human pulmonary fibroblasts were cultured and stimulated with artificially generated Ca2+ pulses in the absence of TGFβ, or with TGFβ (1 nM) or vehicle in the presence of various blockers of Ca2+ signaling. PCR and Western blotting were used to measure gene expression and protein levels, respectively. We found that Ca2+ pulses in the absence of TGFβ increased ECM gene expression in a pulse frequency-dependent manner, and that blocking Ca2+ signaling and the CamK II pathway significantly reduced TGFβ-mediated ECM gene expression, without having any effects on other kinase pathways (Smad, PI3 kinase, or MAP kinase). We also found that TGFβ elevated the expression of CamK IIβ and CamK IIδ, while siRNA silencing of those two subtypes significantly reduced TGFβ-mediated expression of collagen A1 and fibronectin 1. Our data suggest that TGFβ induces the expression of CamK IIβ and CamK IIδ, which in turn are activated by TGFβ-evoked Ca2+ waves in a frequency-dependent manner, leading to increased expression of ECM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Mukherjee
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Sheng
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Sun
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luke J. Janssen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Wu CY, Hsu WL, Wang CH, Liang JL, Tsai MH, Yen CJ, Li HW, Chiu SJ, Chang CH, Huang YB, Lin MW, Yoshioka T. A Novel Strategy for TNF-Alpha Production by 2-APB Induced Downregulated SOCE and Upregulated HSP70 in O. tsutsugamushi-Infected Human Macrophages. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159299. [PMID: 27472555 PMCID: PMC4966960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Orientia (O.) tsutsugamushi-induced scrub typhus is endemic across many regions of Asia and the Western Pacific, where an estimated 1 million cases occur each year; the majority of patients infected with O. tsutsugamushi end up with a cytokine storm from a severe inflammatory response. Previous reports have indicated that blocking tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α reduced cell injury from a cytokine storm. Since TNF-α production is known to be associated with intracellular Ca2+ elevation, we examined the effect of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) inhibitors on TNF-α production in O. tsutsugamushi-infected macrophages. We found that 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), but not SKF96365, facilitates the suppression of Ca2+ mobilization via the interruption of Orai1 expression in O. tsutsugamushi-infected macrophages. Due to the decrease of Ca2+ elevation, the expression of TNF-α and its release from macrophages was repressed by 2-APB. In addition, a novel role of 2-APB was found in macrophages that causes the upregulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression associated with ERK activation; upregulated TNF-α production in the case of knockdown HSP70 was inhibited with 2-APB treatment. Furthermore, elevated HSP70 formation unexpectedly did not help the cell survival of O. tsutsugamushi-infected macrophages. In conclusion, the parallelism between downregulated Ca2+ mobilization via SOCE and upregulated HSP70 after treatment with 2-APB against TNF-α production was found to efficiently attenuate an O. tsutsugamushi-induced severe inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Li Hsu
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yen
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Wen Li
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Jin Chiu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Bin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (TY); (MWL)
| | - Tohru Yoshioka
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (TY); (MWL)
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16
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Mena SJ, Manosalva C, Carretta MD, Teuber S, Olmo I, Burgos RA, Hidalgo MA. Differential free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR1/GPR40) signalling is associated with gene expression or gelatinase granule release in bovine neutrophils. Innate Immun 2016; 22:479-89. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425916656765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have been recognized as regulators of immune function in addition to their known metabolic role. Long-chain fatty acids bind free fatty acid receptor (FFAR)-1/GPR40, which is expressed on bovine neutrophils, and increase responses such as granule release and gene expression. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms governing the up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and IL-8, as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 granule release in FFAR1/GPR40 agonist-stimulated neutrophils. Our results showed that natural (oleic and linoleic acid) and synthetic (GW9508) FFAR1/GPR40 agonists increased ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation, and that the FFAR1/GPR40 antagonist GW1100 reduced these responses. We evaluated the levels of IκBα, a component of the classical activation pathway of the transcription factor NF-κB, and we observed IκBα reduction after stimulation with FFAR1/GPR40 agonists, an effect that was inhibited by GW1100 or the inhibitors UO126, SB203580 or LY294002. FFAR1/GPR40 agonists increased COX-2 and IL-8 expression, which was inhibited by GW1100 and an NF-κB inhibitor. Finally, the FFAR1/GPR40 agonist-induced MMP-9 granule release was reduced by GW1100 and UO126. In conclusion, FFAR1/GPR40 agonists differentially stimulate neutrophil functions; COX-2 and IL-8 are expressed after FFAR1/GPR40 activation via NF-κB, IκBα reduction is FFAR1/GPR40- and PI3K/MAPK-dependent, and MMP-9 granule release is FFAR1/GPR40- and ERK1/2-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J Mena
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Department of Biology, Universidad de Nariño, Pasto, Colombia
| | - Carolina Manosalva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Maria D Carretta
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Stefanie Teuber
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Iván Olmo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rafael A Burgos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Maria A Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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17
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Butyric acid stimulates bovine neutrophil functions and potentiates the effect of platelet activating factor. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 176:18-27. [PMID: 27288853 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production is associated with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and activation of inflammatory processes. In humans and rodents, SCFAs modulate inflammatory responses in the gut via free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2). In bovines, butyric acid is one of the most potent FFA2 agonists. Its expression in bovine neutrophils has recently been demonstrated, suggesting a role in innate immune response in cattle. This study aimed to evaluate if butyric acid modulates oxidative and non-oxidative functions or if it can potentiate other inflammatory mediators in bovine neutrophils. Our results showed that butyric acid can activate bovine neutrophils, inducing calcium (Ca(2+)) influx and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, two second messengers involved in FFA2 activation. Ca(2+) influx induced by butyric acid was dependent on the extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+) source and phospholipase C (PLC) activation. Butyric acid alone had no significant effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and chemotaxis; however, a priming effect on platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent inflammatory mediator, was observed. Butyric acid increased CD63 expression and induced the release of neutrophil granule markers matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and lactoferrin. Finally, we observed that butyric acid induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation without affecting cellular viability. These findings suggest that butyric acid, a component of the ruminal fermentative process, can modulate the innate immune response of ruminants.
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18
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Loaiza A, Carretta MD, Taubert A, Hermosilla C, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. Differential intracellular calcium influx, nitric oxide production, ICAM-1 and IL8 expression in primary bovine endothelial cells exposed to nonesterified fatty acids. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:38. [PMID: 26916791 PMCID: PMC4766702 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are involved in proinflammatory processes in cattle, including in the increased expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of NEFAs on the intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) influx, nitric oxide production, and ICAM-1 and IL-8 expression in primary bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVECs). Results Myristic (MA), palmitic (PA), stearic (SA), oleic (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) rapidly increased Ca2+i. The calcium response to all tested NEFAs showed an extracellular calcium dependence and only the LA response was significantly inhibited until the intracellular calcium was chelated. The EC50 values for MA and LA were 125 μM and 37 μM, respectively, and the MA and LA effects were dependent on calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum stores and on the L-type calcium channels. Only the calcium response to MA was significantly reduced by GW1100, a selective G-protein-coupled free fatty acid receptor (GPR40) antagonist. We also detected a functional FFAR1/GPR40 protein in BUVECs by using western blotting and the FFAR1/GPR40 agonist TAK-875. Only LA increased the cellular nitric oxide levels in a calcium-dependent manner. LA stimulation but not MA stimulation increased ICAM-1 and IL-8-expression in BUVECs. This effect was inhibited by GW1100, an antagonist of FFAR1/GPR40, but not by U-73122, a phospholipase C inhibitor. Conclusions These findings strongly suggest that each individual NEFA stimulates endothelial cells in a different way, with clearly different effects on intracellular calcium mobilization, NO production, and IL-8 and ICAM-1 expression in primary BUVECs. These findings not only extend our understanding of NEFA-mediated diseases in ruminants, but also provide new insight into the different molecular mechanisms involved during endothelial cell activation by NEFAs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0654-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitsi Loaiza
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María D Carretta
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - María A Hidalgo
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rafael A Burgos
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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19
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Tsujikawa H, Yu AS, Xie J, Yue Z, Yang W, He Y, Yue L. Identification of key amino acid residues responsible for internal and external pH sensitivity of Orai1/STIM1 channels. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16747. [PMID: 26576490 PMCID: PMC4649748 DOI: 10.1038/srep16747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes of intracellular and extracellular pH are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, in which regulation of the Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ channel (ICRAC) by pH has been implicated. Ca2+ entry mediated by ICRAC has been shown to be regulated by acidic or alkaline pH. Whereas several amino acid residues have been shown to contribute to extracellular pH (pHo) sensitivity, the molecular mechanism for intracellular pH (pHi) sensitivity of Orai1/STIM1 is not fully understood. By investigating a series of mutations, we find that the previously identified residue E106 is responsible for pHo sensitivity when Ca2+ is the charge carrier. Unexpectedly, we identify that the residue E190 is responsible for pHo sensitivity when Na+ is the charge carrier. Furthermore, the intracellular mutant H155F markedly diminishes the response to acidic and alkaline pHi, suggesting that H155 is responsible for pHi sensitivity of Orai1/STIM1. Our results indicate that, whereas H155 is the intracellular pH sensor of Orai1/STIM1, the molecular mechanism of external pH sensitivity varies depending on the permeant cations. As changes of pH are involved in various physiological/pathological functions, Orai/STIM channels may be an important mediator for various physiological and pathological processes associated with acidosis and alkalinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tsujikawa
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Albert S Yu
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jia Xie
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Zhichao Yue
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Wenzhong Yang
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yanlin He
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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20
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Muñoz-Caro T, Lendner M, Daugschies A, Hermosilla C, Taubert A. NADPH oxidase, MPO, NE, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and Ca2+ influx are essential for Cryptosporidium parvum-induced NET formation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 52:245-254. [PMID: 26026247 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum causes a zoonotic infection with worldwide distribution. Besides humans, cryptosporidiosis affects a wide range of animals leading to significant economic losses due to severe enteritis in neonatal livestock. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation has been demonstrated as an important host effector mechanism of PMN acting against several invading pathogens. In the present study, C. parvum-mediated NET formation was investigated in human and bovine PMN in vitro. We here demonstrate that C. parvum sporozoites indeed trigger NET formation in a time-dependent manner. Thereby, the classical characteristics of NETs were demonstrated by co-localization of extracellular DNA with histones, neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). A significant reduction of NET formation was measured following treatments of PMN with NADPH oxidase-, NE- and MPO-inhibitors, confirming the key role of these enzymes in C. parvum-induced NETs. Additionally, sporozoite-triggered NETosis revealed as dependent on intracellular Ca(++) concentration and the ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK-mediated signaling pathway. Moreover, sporozoite-triggered NET formation led to significant parasite entrapment since 15% of the parasites were immobilized in NET structures. Consequently, PMN-pre-exposed sporozoites showed significantly reduced infectivity for epithelial host cells confirming the capability of NETs to prevent active parasite invasion. Besides NETs, we here show that C. parvum significantly up-regulated CXCL8, IL6, TNF-α and of GM-CSF gene transcription upon sporozoite confrontation, indicating a pivotal role of PMN not only in the bovine and human system but most probably in other final hosts for C. parvum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Muñoz-Caro
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Lendner
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Arwid Daugschies
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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21
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Yang H, Liu H, Lu Y, Han L, Liu G. Kinase AKT controls innate immune cell development and function. Immunology 2013; 140:143-52. [PMID: 23692658 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical roles of kinase AKT in tumour cell proliferation, apoptosis and protein synthesis have been widely recognized. But AKT also plays an important role in immune modulation. Recent studies have confirmed that kinase AKT can regulate the development and functions of innate immune cells (neutrophil, macrophage and dendritic cell). Studies have shown that different isoforms of kinase AKT have different effects in regulating immunity-related diseases, mainly through the mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent or -independent pathways. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the immune modulating effects of kinase AKT on innate immune cell development, survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Carretta MD, Conejeros I, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. Propionate induces the release of granules from bovine neutrophils. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:2507-2520. [PMID: 23403200 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by bacterial fermentation in the rumen of cattle and are the primary energy source in ruminants. Propionate is one of the main SCFA and it can exert multiple effects on the inflammatory process and neutrophil function via calcium (Ca(2+)) release, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular pH changes. However, currently no evidence has shown whether propionate can induce granule release from bovine neutrophils. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of propionate on granule release and to evaluate the expression of two G-protein coupled receptors-GPR41 and GPR43-that are activated by propionate. Neutrophil degranulation was assessed by quantifying the release of the neutrophil enzymes myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin, and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) as markers of azurophil, specific granules, and gelatinase granules, respectively. Isolated bovine neutrophils were treated with millimolar concentrations of propionate (0.3, 3 and 30mM), and the cell-free supernatants were recovered. The stimulation of neutrophils with 0.3mM propionate induced the release of lactoferrin and MMP-9 as revealed by ELISA and gelatin zymography, respectively. Propionate at 30mM induced the release of MPO as demonstrated using an enzymatic assay. The role of intracellular Ca(2+) influx and the signaling pathways that may regulate the propionate effect on granules release were also determined. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and real-time PCR were performed to analyze the expression of GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA in bovine neutrophils. Both mRNA were detected, whereas the expression of GPR43 was higher than that of GPR41, and the synthetic agonists for this receptor, phenylacetamides 1 and 2, caused an increase in intracellular Ca(2+), lactoferrin, and MMP-9 release. These results support that propionate-induced granule release is mediated by intracellular Ca(2+) influx and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK 1/2. We also propose a potential role of GPR43 in propionate-induced granule release from bovine neutrophils that may be involved in regulatory effects of propionate in the innate immune response in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Carretta
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - I Conejeros
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M A Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - R A Burgos
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Valdivia, Chile.
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23
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Linoleic acid increases adhesion, chemotaxis, granule release, intracellular calcium mobilisation, MAPK phosphorylation and gene expression in bovine neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 151:275-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Choo HJ, Saafir TB, Mkumba L, Wagner MB, Jobe SM. Mitochondrial calcium and reactive oxygen species regulate agonist-initiated platelet phosphatidylserine exposure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2946-55. [PMID: 23087357 PMCID: PMC3545632 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.300433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the interactions of cytoplasmic calcium elevation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation, and reactive oxygen species formation in the regulation of phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure in platelets. METHODS AND RESULTS mPTP formation, but not the degree of cytoplasmic calcium elevation, was associated with PS exposure in wild-type, cyclophilin D-null, ionomycin-treated, and reactive oxygen species-treated platelets. In the absence of the mPTP regulator cyclophilin D, agonist-initiated mPTP formation and high-level PS exposure were markedly blunted, but cytoplasmic calcium transients were unchanged. Mitochondrial calcium (Ca(2+)(mit)) transients and reactive oxygen species, key regulators of mPTP formation, were examined in strongly stimulated platelets. Increased reactive oxygen species production occurred in strongly stimulated platelets and was dependent on extracellular calcium entry, but not the presence of cyclophilin D. Ca(2+)(mit) increased significantly in strongly stimulated platelets. Abrogation of Ca(2+)(mit) entry, either by inhibition of the Ca(2+)(mit) uniporter or mitochondrial depolarization, prevented mPTP formation and exposure but not platelet aggregation or granule release. CONCLUSIONS Sustained cytoplasmic calcium levels are necessary, but not sufficient, for high-level PS exposure in response to agonists. Increased Ca(2+)(mit) levels are a key signal initiating mPTP formation and PS exposure. Blockade of Ca(2+)(mit) entry allows the specific inhibition of platelet procoagulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Choo
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
| | - Talib B. Saafir
- Department of Pediatrics, Sibley Heart Center, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
| | - Laura Mkumba
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
| | - Mary B. Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Sibley Heart Center, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
| | - Shawn M. Jobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
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25
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2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) reduces respiratory burst, MMP-9 release and CD11b expression, and increases l-selectin shedding in bovine neutrophils. Res Vet Sci 2012; 92:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Conejeros I, Velásquez Z, Carretta M, Alarcón P, Hidalgo M, Burgos R. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) reduces alkaline phosphatase release, CD63 expression, F-actin polymerization and chemotaxis without affecting the phagocytosis activity in bovine neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 145:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Alarcón P, Conejeros I, Carretta MD, Concha C, Jara E, Tadich N, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. D-lactic acid interferes with the effects of platelet activating factor on bovine neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 144:68-78. [PMID: 21816488 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
D-lactic acidosis occurs in ruminants, such as cattle, with acute ruminal acidosis caused by ingestion of excessive amounts of highly fermentable carbohydrates. Affected animals show clinical signs similar to those of septic shock, as well as acute laminitis and liver abscesses. It has been proposed that the inflammatory response and susceptibility to infection could both be caused by the inhibition of phagocytic mechanisms. To determine the effects of d-lactic acid on bovine neutrophil functions, we pretreated cells with different concentrations of D-lactic acid and measured intracellular pH using 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester (BCECF-AM) and calcium flux using FLUO-3 AM-loaded neutrophils. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using a luminol chemiluminescence assay, and MMP-9/gelatinase-B granule release was measured by zymography. CD11b and CD62L/l-selectin expression, changes in cell shape, superoxide anion production, phagocytosis of Escherichia coli-Texas red bioparticles, and apoptosis were all measured using flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated that D-lactic acid reduced ROS production, CD11b upregulation and MMP-9 release in bovine neutrophils treated with 100 nM platelet-activating factor (PAF). D-lactic acid induced MMP-9 release and, at higher concentrations, upregulated CD11b expression, decrease L-selectin expression, and induces late apoptosis. We concluded that D-lactic acid can interfere with neutrophil functions induced by PAF, leading to reduced innate immune responses during bacterial infections. Moreover, the increase of MMP-9 release and CD11b expression induced by 10mM D-lactic acid could promote an nonspecific neutrophil-dependent inflammatory reaction in cattle with acute ruminal acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Alarcón
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, P.O. Box 567, Valdivia, Chile
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28
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Burgos RA, Conejeros I, Hidalgo MA, Werling D, Hermosilla C. Calcium influx, a new potential therapeutic target in the control of neutrophil-dependent inflammatory diseases in bovines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 143:1-10. [PMID: 21764141 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first line of defense against pathogens in bovines; however, they are also one of the most aggressive cells during the inflammatory process, causing injury in surrounding tissues. At present, anti-inflammatory drugs are limited in acute diseases, such as pneumonia, mastitis and endometritis, because neutrophils are mostly insensitive. One of the earliest events during neutrophil activation is the increase in intracellular calcium concentration. The calcium movement is attributed to the release from intracellular stores and influx through the calcium channels in the plasma membrane, a process called store operated calcium entry (SOCE). Recently, several calcium influx blockers have been shown to have strong effects on bovine neutrophils, and this suggests that the manipulation of this pathway can be useful in the control of neutrophil functions during acute inflammatory processes. In this paper, we will review the role of calcium influx as a potential anti-inflammatory target and summarize the most recent evidences for this in bovine neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Burgos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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29
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Induction of reactive oxygen species in bovine neutrophils is CD11b, but not dectin-1-dependent. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 139:308-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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30
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Feldman B, Fedida-Metula S, Nita J, Sekler I, Fishman D. Coupling of mitochondria to store-operated Ca(2+)-signaling sustains constitutive activation of protein kinase B/Akt and augments survival of malignant melanoma cells. Cell Calcium 2010; 47:525-37. [PMID: 20605628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are emerging as a major hub for cellular Ca(2+)-signaling, though their contribution to Ca(2+)-driven growth- and survival-promoting events in cancer is poorly understood. Here employing flow cytometry to monitor mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+), we assessed trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport and store-operated Ca(2+)-influx (store-operated channels (SOC)) in malignant vs. non-malignant B16BL6 melanoma clones. Remarkably, mitochondrial Ca(2+)-fluxes measured in whole cells or in isolated mitochondria were accelerated in the malignant clones compared to their non-malignant counterpart clones. This coincided with enhanced SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx and high levels of constitutively active protein kinase B/Akt (PKB). Interruption of trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport in the malignant cells with an antagonist of the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, CGP-37157, abolsihed SOC-mediated Ca(2+)-influx, inactivated PKB, retarded cell growth and increased vulnerability to apoptosis. Similarly, direct SOC blockade by silencing Stim1 inhibited PKB, indicating that the crosstalk between SOC and mitochondria is essential to preserve PKB in constitutively active state. Finally, the retraction of mitochondria from sub-plasmalemmal micro-domains triggered by Fis1 over-expression inhibited SOC-coupled trans-mitochondrial Ca(2+)-flux, Ca(2+)-entry via SOC and PKB activity. Taken together, our data show that in the malignant melanoma cells, the functional and spatial relationship of up-regulated mitochondrial Ca(2+)-transport to the SOC sustains the robust Ca(2+)-responses and down-stream signaling critical for apoptosis-resistance and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Feldman
- Department of Morphology, Ben-Gurion University Cancer Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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31
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Saidi Y, Finka A, Muriset M, Bromberg Z, Weiss YG, Maathuis FJ, Goloubinoff P. The heat shock response in moss plants is regulated by specific calcium-permeable channels in the plasma membrane. THE PLANT CELL 2009; 21:2829-43. [PMID: 19773386 PMCID: PMC2768932 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.108.065318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Land plants are prone to strong thermal variations and must therefore sense early moderate temperature increments to induce appropriate cellular defenses, such as molecular chaperones, in anticipation of upcoming noxious temperatures. To investigate how plants perceive mild changes in ambient temperature, we monitored in recombinant lines of the moss Physcomitrella patens the activation of a heat-inducible promoter, the integrity of a thermolabile enzyme, and the fluctuations of cytoplasmic calcium. Mild temperature increments, or isothermal treatments with membrane fluidizers or Hsp90 inhibitors, induced a heat shock response (HSR) that critically depended on a preceding Ca(2+) transient through the plasma membrane. Electrophysiological experiments revealed the presence of a Ca(2+)-permeable channel in the plasma membrane that is transiently activated by mild temperature increments or chemical perturbations of membrane fluidity. The amplitude of the Ca(2+) influx during the first minutes of a temperature stress modulated the intensity of the HSR, and Ca(2+) channel blockers prevented HSR and the onset of thermotolerance. Our data suggest that early sensing of mild temperature increments occurs at the plasma membrane of plant cells independently from cytosolic protein unfolding. The heat signal is translated into an effective HSR by way of a specific membrane-regulated Ca(2+) influx, leading to thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younousse Saidi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH1015, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrija Finka
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH1015, Switzerland
| | - Maude Muriset
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH1015, Switzerland
| | - Zohar Bromberg
- Hadassah Hebrew University, School of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem il-91120, Israel
| | - Yoram G. Weiss
- Hadassah Hebrew University, School of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem il-91120, Israel
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104–2646
| | | | - Pierre Goloubinoff
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH1015, Switzerland
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32
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Monastyrskaya K, Babiychuk EB, Draeger A. The annexins: spatial and temporal coordination of signaling events during cellular stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2623-42. [PMID: 19381436 PMCID: PMC11115530 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Annexins are a family of structurally related, Ca2+-sensitive proteins that bind to negatively charged phospholipids and establish specific interactions with other lipids and lipid microdomains. They are present in all eukaryotic cells and share a common folding motif, the "annexin core", which incorporates Ca2+- and membrane-binding sites. Annexins participate in a variety of intracellular processes, ranging from the regulation of membrane dynamics to cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Here we focus on the role of annexins in cellular signaling during stress. A chronic stress response triggers the activation of different intracellular pathways, resulting in profound changes in Ca2+ and pH homeostasis and the production of lipid second messengers. We review the latest data on how these changes are sensed by the annexins, which have the ability to simultaneously interact with specific lipid and protein moieties at the plasma membrane, contributing to stress adaptation via regulation of various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Monastyrskaya
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland.
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33
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Sweeney Z, Minatti A, Button D, Patrick S. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Store-Operated Calcium Entry. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:706-18. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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34
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Fedida-Metula S, Elhyany S, Tsory S, Segal S, Hershfinkel M, Sekler I, Fishman D. Targeting lipid rafts inhibits protein kinase B by disrupting calcium homeostasis and attenuates malignant properties of melanoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:1546-54. [PMID: 18579561 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure of current therapeutic modalities to treat melanoma remains a challenge for clinical and experimental oncology. The aggressive growth and apoptotic resistance of this tumor are mediated, in part, by aberrantly activated protein kinase B/Akt (PKB). In many cells, PKB signaling depends on integrity of cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains (rafts). However, it is still unclear if rafts support deregulated PKB activity in melanoma. In this study, ablation of rafts in murine (B16BL6-8, JB/RH1) and human (GA) melanoma lines by cholesterol-chelating methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD) reduced levels of constitutively active PKB in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while reconstitution of microdomains restored PKB activity. PKB was sensitive to the membrane-permeable Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid tetra (acetocymethyl) ester and to the calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphtalenesulfonamide (W7) implying the contribution of Ca2+ signaling to PKB deregulation. Indeed, malignant and apoptosis-resistant clone of B16BL6 melanoma (B16BL6-8) displayed significantly higher [Ca2+](i) and store-operated Ca2+ influx (SOC) relative to non-malignant apoptosis-sensitive B16BL6 clone (Kb30) expressing barely detectable basal levels of active PKB. Raft ablation in B16BL6-8 cells robustly inhibited SOC and decreased [Ca2+](i) to levels comparable with those detected in Kb30 cells. Treating cells by PKB-inhibiting doses of M beta CD dramatically impaired their apoptotic resistance and capacity to generate tumors. Furthermore, weekly intraperitoneal injections of M beta CD to mice grafted with melanoma cells at doses of 300 and 800 mg/kg significantly attenuated tumor development. Our data implicate membrane rafts in enhancing the resistance of melanoma to apoptosis and indicate that targeting raft microdomains is a potentially effective strategy to cure this frequently fatal form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomit Fedida-Metula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ben-Gurion University Cancer Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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35
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Claud EC, Lu J, Wang XQ, Abe M, Petrof EO, Sun J, Nelson DJ, Marks J, Jilling T. Platelet-activating factor-induced chloride channel activation is associated with intracellular acidosis and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 294:G1191-200. [PMID: 18339705 PMCID: PMC2675178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00318.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid inter- and intracellular mediator implicated in intestinal injury primarily via induction of an inflammatory cascade. We find that PAF also has direct pathological effects on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). PAF induces Cl(-) channel activation, which is associated with intracellular acidosis and apoptosis. Using the rat small IEC line IEC-6, electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that PAF induces Cl(-) channel activation. This PAF-activated Cl(-) current was inhibited by Ca(2+) chelation and a calcium calmodulin kinase II inhibitor, suggesting PAF activation of a Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel. To determine the pathological consequences of Cl(-) channel activation, microfluorimetry experiments were performed, which revealed PAF-induced intracellular acidosis, which is also inhibited by the Cl(-) channel inhibitor 4,4'diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'disulfonic acid and Ca(2+) chelation. PAF-induced intracellular acidosis is associated with caspase 3 activation and DNA fragmentation. PAF-induced caspase activation was abolished in cells transfected with a pH compensatory Na/H exchanger construct to enhance H(+) extruding ability and prevent intracellular acidosis. As ClC-3 is a known intestinal Cl(-) channel dependent on both Ca(2+) and calcium calmodulin kinase II phosphorylation, we generated ClC-3 knockdown cells using short hairpin RNA. PAF induced Cl(-) current; acidosis and apoptosis were all significantly decreased in ClC-3 knockdown cells. Our data suggest a novel mechanism of PAF-induced injury by which PAF induces intracellular acidosis via activation of the Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channel ClC-3, resulting in apoptosis of IEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika C. Claud
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Xue Qing Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elaine O. Petrof
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deborah J. Nelson
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeremy Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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