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Diaz MA, Gasior M, Molina B, Pérez-Martínez A, González-Vicent M. "Ex-vivo" T-cell depletion in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: New clinical approaches for old challenges. Eur J Haematol 2021; 107:38-47. [PMID: 33899960 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic transplantation still remains as standard of care for patients with high-risk hematological malignancies at diagnosis or after relapse. However, GvHD remains yet as the most relevant clinical complication in the early post-transplant period. TCD allogeneic transplant is now considered a valid option to reduce severe GvHD and to provide a platform for cellular therapy to prevent relapse disease or to treat opportunistic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Diaz
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Universitario "Niño Jesus", Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gasior
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Molina
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Universitario "Niño Jesus", Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Martínez
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta González-Vicent
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Universitario "Niño Jesus", Madrid, Spain
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2
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Ichiki Y, Shigematsu Y, Baba T, Shiota H, Fukuyama T, Nagata Y, So T, Yasuda M, Takenoyama M, Yasumoto K. Development of adoptive immunotherapy with KK-LC-1-specific TCR-transduced γδT cells against lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4021-4030. [PMID: 32780528 PMCID: PMC7648040 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the antitumor effect of γδT cells transduced with the TCR of cancer-specific CTLs to establish forceful cancer-specific adoptive immunotherapy. We cloned the TCRαβ genes from CTLs showing HLA-B15 restricted recognition of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1), a cancer/germline gene antigen, identified in a lung adenocarcinoma case (F1121). The TCRαβ and CD8 genes were transduced into γδT cells induced from PBLs of healthy volunteers stimulated with zoledronate and IL-2. The KK-LC-1-specific TCRαβ-CD8 γδT cells showed cytotoxic activity against the KK-LC-1 positive lung cancer cell line F1121L and produced IFN-γ against F1121L and KK-LC-1 peptide-pulsed F1121 EBV-B cells. These responses were blocked by HLA class I and HLA-B/C antibodies. An in vivo assay using NOD/SCID mice with xenotransplantation of human lung cancer cells was performed, and the TCRαβ-CD8 transduced γδT cells (TCRαβ-CD8 γδT cells) were intravenously injected. Growth inhibition of KK-LC-1+ , HLA-B15+ lung cancer cells was confirmed in mice with injection of the TCRαβ-CD8 γδT cells from 1 wk after xenotransplantation of cancer cells but not in those treated 2 wk after xenotransplantation. The resected specimens of the tumor, 2 wk after xenotransplantation, highly expressed FasL but not programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) by immunohistochemical staining. FasL highly expressed cancer cells xenotransplanted 2 wk ago were resistant to TCRαβ-CD8 γδT cells injection. These results suggested that apoptosis of Fas-positive TCRαβ-CD8 γδT cells may be induced by a Fas-mediated signal after interacting with FasL-positive cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Immunomodulation
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Lung Neoplasms/etiology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Transduction, Genetic
- Treatment Outcome
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Grants
- Cancer Translational Research Project; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- Cancer Research Institute, UOEH Research Grant for Promotion of Occupational Health
- JP20390375 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP21659327 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP18K08806 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP19K09294 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Ichiki
- Department of General Thoracic SurgeryNational Hospital Organization, Saitama HospitalWakoJapan
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
| | - Yoshiki Shigematsu
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of Respiratory SurgeryIchinomiya‐Nishi HospitalIchinomiyaJapan
| | - Tetsuro Baba
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Baba ClinicKasuya‐gunJapan
| | - Hironobu Shiota
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of General Thoracic SurgeryChiba Rosai HospitalIchiharaJapan
| | - Takashi Fukuyama
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Division of Biomedical ResearchKitasato University Medical CenterKitamotoJapan
| | - Yoshika Nagata
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of Breast SurgeryShonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakuraJapan
| | - Tetsuya So
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShin‐Komonji HospitalKitakyusyuJapan
| | - Manabu Yasuda
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of Chest SurgeryIizuka HospitalIizukaJapan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takenoyama
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer CenterFukuokaJapan
| | - Kosei Yasumoto
- Second Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
- Kitakyushu Municipal Moji HospitalKitakyushuJapan
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3
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Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of NK Cells in αβT-Cell and B-Cell Depleted Haplo-HSCT to Cure Pediatric Patients with Acute Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082187. [PMID: 32764469 PMCID: PMC7463940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
NK cells can exert remarkable graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect in HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Here, we dissected the NK-cell repertoire of 80 pediatric acute leukemia patients previously reported to have an excellent clinical outcome after αβT/B-depleted haplo-HSCT. This graft manipulation strategy allows the co-infusion of mature immune cells, mainly NK and γδT cells, and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). To promote NK-cell based antileukemia activity, 36/80 patients were transplanted with an NK alloreactive donor, defined according to the KIR/KIR-Ligand mismatch in the graft-versus-host direction. The analysis of the reconstituted NK-cell repertoire in these patients showed relatively high proportions of mature and functional KIR+NKG2A-CD57+ NK cells, including the alloreactive NK cell subset, one month after HSCT. Thus, the NK cells adoptively transfused with the graft persist as a mature source of effector cells while new NK cells differentiate from the donor HSCs. Notably, the alloreactive NK cell subset was endowed with the highest anti-leukemia activity and its size in the reconstituted repertoire could be influenced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation. While the phenotypic pattern of donor NK cells did not impact on post-transplant HCMV reactivation, in the recipients, HCMV infection/reactivation fostered a more differentiated NK-cell phenotype. In this cohort, no significant correlation between differentiated NK cells and relapse-free survival was observed.
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4
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Minculescu L, Fischer-Nielsen A, Haastrup E, Ryder LP, Andersen NS, Schjoedt I, Friis LS, Kornblit BT, Petersen SL, Sengelov H, Marquart HV. Improved Relapse-Free Survival in Patients With High Natural Killer Cell Doses in Grafts and During Early Immune Reconstitution After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1068. [PMID: 32547559 PMCID: PMC7273963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature immunocompetent cells from the stem cell graft as well as early robust immune reconstitution are essential for the graft-vs. -tumor (GVT) effect to eliminate residual malignant cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this prospective study we characterized graft composition of T- and NK cell subsets in 88 recipients of peripheral blood stem cell grafts with multicolor flowcytometry. Our primary aim was to analyze the impact of graft composition on immune reconstitution and clinical outcomes after transplantation. Patients transplanted with graft NK cell doses above the median value of 27 × 106/kg had significantly increased relapse-free-survival compared to patients transplanted with lower doses, HR 2.12 (95% CI 1.01-4.45, p = 0.04) Peripheral blood concentrations of NK cells obtained from donors before G-CSF mobilization were significantly correlated to graft NK cell doses (Spearman's ρ 0.53, p = 0.03). The dose of transplanted NK cells/kg correlated significantly with NK cell concentrations in patients early after transplantation (Spearman's ρ 0.26, p = 0.02, and ρ = 0.35, p = 0.001 for days 28 and 56, respectively). Early immune reconstitution above median values of NK cells was significantly associated with improved relapse-free survival (HR 2.84 [95% CI 1.29-6.28], p = 0.01, and HR 4.19 [95% CI 1.68-10.4], p = 0.002, for day 28 and 56, respectively). Early concentrations above the median value of the mature effector CD56dim NK cell subset were significantly associated with decreased relapse incidences at 1 year, 7% (95% CI 1.8-17) vs. 28% (95% CI 15-42), p = 0.04, and 7% (95% CI 1.8-18) vs. 26% (95% CI 14-40) %, p = 0.03, for days 28 and 56, respectively. The results suggest a protective effect of high doses of NK cells in grafts and during early immune reconstitution and support the perception of NK cells as innate effector cells with anti-tumor effects in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Minculescu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Fischer-Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Haastrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Ryder
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ida Schjoedt
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Smidstrup Friis
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian Thomas Kornblit
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Lykke Petersen
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sengelov
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Biernacki MA, Sheth VS, Bleakley M. T cell optimization for graft-versus-leukemia responses. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134939. [PMID: 32376800 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection from relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is partly due to donor T cell-mediated graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) immune responses. Relapse remains common in HCT recipients, but strategies to augment GVL could significantly improve outcomes after HCT. Donor T cells with αβ T cell receptors (TCRs) mediate GVL through recognition of minor histocompatibility antigens and alloantigens in HLA-matched and -mismatched HCT, respectively. αβ T cells specific for other leukemia-associated antigens, including nonpolymorphic antigens and neoantigens, may also deliver an antileukemic effect. γδ T cells may contribute to GVL, although their biology and specificity are less well understood. Vaccination or adoptive transfer of donor-derived T cells with natural or transgenic receptors are strategies with potential to selectively enhance αβ and γδ T cell GVL effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Biernacki
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Medicine, and
| | - Vipul S Sheth
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie Bleakley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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6
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Li X, Lu H, Gu Y, Zhang X, Zhang G, Shi T, Chen W. Tim-3 suppresses the killing effect of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells on colon cancer cells by reducing perforin and granzyme B expression. Exp Cell Res 2019; 386:111719. [PMID: 31726050 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cell-based tumor immunotherapy has been one of the most promising cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. However, the key regulators of the Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated antitumor response remain unclear. Recently, mounting reports have indicated that Tim-3 performs critical roles in the regulation of the activities of immune cells, including Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. However, the roles of Tim-3 in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated killing of colon cancer cells and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. Here, the proportion of Tim-3+ γδ T cells was significantly increased in both the peripheral blood and colon cancer tissue of patients and was significantly associated with TNM staging and tumor volume. Additionally, the activation of Tim-3 signaling significantly inhibited the killing efficiency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells against colon cancer cells. In addition, Tim-3 signaling reduced the expression of perforin and granzyme B in Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Blocking the perforin/granzyme B pathway also decreased the cytotoxicity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to colon cancer cells. Moreover, Tim-3 signaling reduced the perforin and granzyme B expression of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in an ERK1/2 signaling pathway-dependent manner. This knowledge reveals that Tim-3 may be a promising therapeutic target to improve Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-based adoptive immunotherapy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanzheng Gu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.
| | - Weichang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.
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7
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Sullivan LC, Shaw EM, Stankovic S, Snell GI, Brooks AG, Westall GP. The complex existence of γδ T cells following transplantation: the good, the bad and the simply confusing. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1078. [PMID: 31548887 PMCID: PMC6748302 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are a highly heterogeneous population of lymphocytes that exhibit innate and adaptive immune properties. Despite comprising the majority of residing lymphocytes in many organs, the role of γδ T cells in transplantation outcomes is under‐researched. γδ T cells can recognise a diverse array of ligands and exert disparate effector functions. As such, they may potentially contribute to both allograft acceptance and rejection, as well as impacting on infection and post‐transplant malignancy. Here, we review the current literature on the role and function of γδ T cells following solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy C Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.,Lung Transplant Service The Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Evangeline M Shaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Sanda Stankovic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Gregory I Snell
- Lung Transplant Service The Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Glen P Westall
- Lung Transplant Service The Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC Australia
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8
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Minculescu L, Marquart HV, Ryder LP, Andersen NS, Schjoedt I, Friis LS, Kornblit BT, Petersen SL, Haastrup E, Fischer-Nielsen A, Reekie J, Sengelov H. Improved Overall Survival, Relapse-Free-Survival, and Less Graft-vs.-Host-Disease in Patients With High Immune Reconstitution of TCR Gamma Delta Cells 2 Months After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1997. [PMID: 31507601 PMCID: PMC6714591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR) γδ cells are perceived as innate-like effector cells with the possibility of mediating graft-vs. -tumor (GVT) without causing graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) in the setting of hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We conducted a prospective study to assess the clinical impact of TCR γδ cell immune reconstitution on overall survival, relapse-free-survival, relapse and GVHD. The impact of CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cells together with NK cells including subtypes were analyzed in parallel. A total of 108 patients with hematological malignancies transplanted with HLA-matched, T cell replete stem cell grafts were included for analyses of absolute concentrations of CD3, CD4, and CD8 positive T cells and NK cells together with a multi-color flow cytometry panel with staining for TCRαβ, TCRγδ, Vδ1, Vδ2, CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR, CD196, CD45RO, CD45RA, CD16, CD56, CD337, and CD314 at 28, 56, 91, 180, and 365 days after transplantation. Immune reconstitution data including subsets and differentiation markers of T and NK cells during the first year after transplantation was provided. Patients with TCR γδ cell concentrations above the median value of 21 (0–416) × 106 cells/L 56 days after transplantation had significantly improved overall survival (p = 0.001) and relapse-free survival (p = 0.007) compared to patients with concentrations below this value. When day 56 cell subset concentrations were included as continuous variables, TCR γδ cells were the only T cell subsets with a significant impact on OS and RFS; the impact of TCR γδ cells remained statistically significant in multivariate analyses adjusted for pre-transplant risk factors. The risk of death from relapse was significantly decreased in patients with high concentrations of TCR γδ cells 56 days after transplantation (p = 0.003). Also, the risk of acute GVHD was significantly lower in patients with day 28 TCR γδ cell concentrations above the median of 18 × 106 cells/L compared to patients with low concentrations (p = 0.01). These results suggest a protective role of TCR γδ cells in relapse and GVHD and encourage further research in developing adaptive TCR γδ cell therapy for improving outcomes after HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Minculescu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Ryder
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ida Schjoedt
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Smidstrup Friis
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian Thomas Kornblit
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Lykke Petersen
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Haastrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Fischer-Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, PERSIMUNE, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sengelov
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Wang Y, Zhu J, Yu W, Wang J, Xia K, Liang C, Tao H. Allogenic γδ T cell and tumor cell fused vaccine for enhanced immunotherapeutic efficacy of osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2018; 21:100214. [PMID: 32368439 PMCID: PMC7184232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human γδ T cells have displayed their potential in cancer immunity through efficient tumor killing activities. Besides, they are also known for their capacity of antigen presentation. How to improve γδ T cells' immunotherapeutic effect as the cell vaccine is still a great challenge. Herein, we explore the human γδ T cells and tumor cell fused vaccine for enhanced immunotherapeutic efficacy of osteosarcoma. The fusion cell vaccine was prepared by chemical fusion between human γδ T cells and inactive osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. The fusion process was confirmed by microscopy observation, and flow cytometry analysis further validated the antigen presenting functions of the fusion cells. Moreover, the immunotherapeutic potential of the fusion cells was then verified via cytotoxicity assay and cytokine release detection. Our study provided novel immunotherapeutic strategy for patients with osteosarcoma, which merits further practice in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
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10
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Garrido C, Clohosey ML, Whitworth CP, Hudgens M, Margolis DM, Soriano-Sarabia N. γδ T cells: an immunotherapeutic approach for HIV cure strategies. JCI Insight 2018; 3:120121. [PMID: 29925697 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current strategies aimed to cure HIV infection are based on combined efforts to reactivate the virus from latency and improve immune effector cell function to clear infected cells. These strategies are primarily focused on CD8+ T cells and approaches are challenging due to insufficient HIV antigen production from infected cells and poor HIV-specific CD8+ T cells. γδ T cells represent a unique subset of effector T cells that can traffic to tissues, and selectively target cancer or virally infected cells without requiring MHC presentation. We analyzed whether γδ T cells represent a complementary/alternative immunotherapeutic approach towards HIV cure strategies. γδ T cells from HIV-infected virologically suppressed donors were expanded with bisphosphonate pamidronate (PAM) and cells were used in autologous cellular systems ex vivo. These cells (a) are potent cytotoxic effectors able to efficiently inhibit HIV replication ex vivo, (b) degranulate in the presence of autologous infected CD4+ T cells, and (c) specifically clear latently infected cells after latency reversal with vorinostat. This is the first proof of concept to our knowledge showing that γδ T cells target and clear autologous HIV reservoirs upon latency reversal. Our results open potentially new insights into the immunotherapeutic use of γδ T cells for current interventions in HIV eradication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David M Margolis
- UNC-HIV Cure Center.,Departments of Medicine.,Microbiology and Immunology, and.,Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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11
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Chretien AS, Fauriat C, Orlanducci F, Rey J, Borg GB, Gautherot E, Granjeaud S, Demerle C, Hamel JF, Cerwenka A, von Strandmann EP, Ifrah N, Lacombe C, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Delaunay J, Toubert A, Arnoulet C, Vey N, Olive D. NKp30 expression is a prognostic immune biomarker for stratification of patients with intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:49548-49563. [PMID: 28548938 PMCID: PMC5564787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetics and European Leukemia Net (ELN) genetic classification predict patients at increased risk of relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) except in the intermediate risk group for which further prognostic determinants are required. We have previously shown that Natural Killer (NK) cell defects in AML are predictors of poor overall survival (OS). This study aimins at validating NKp30, a receptor that mediates NK activation, as a prognostic biomarker for AML patients with intermediate prognosis. NKp30 expression was prospectively assessed at diagnosis on NK cells from peripheral blood by flow cytometry (N = 201 patients). Clinical outcome was evaluated with regard to NKp30 status. In patients with intermediate cytogenetic (N = 162), NKp30high phenotype at diagnosis was predictive of better OS (HR = 0.26; 95%CI = [0.14-0.50]; P < 0.0001) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR = 0.21; 95%CI = [0.08-0.52]; P = 0.0007). In patients with intermediate ELN (N = 116), NKp30high phenotype at diagnosis was predictive of better OS (HR = 0.33; 95%CI = [0.16–0.67]; P = 0.0019) and RFS (HR = 0.24; 95%CI = [0.08-0.67]; P = 0.0058). In multivariate analysis, high NKp30 expression independently predicted improved OS (HR = 0.56, P = 0.046) and RFS (HR = 0.37, P = 0.048). Consistently, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was lower in patients with high NKp30 expression (HR = 0.37, P = 0.026). In conclusion, we propose NKp30 status as a simple and early prognostic biomarker that identifies intermediate-risk patients with poor prognosis who otherwise may not be identified with existing risk stratification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jerome Rey
- Hematology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Systems Biology Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | - Clemence Demerle
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Innate Immunity Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke Pogge von Strandmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Experimental Tumor Research, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Catherine Lacombe
- GOELAMStheque, FILO French Innovative Leukemia Organization, Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Jacques Delaunay
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Catherine de Sienne, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM UMRS-1160, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Immunology and Histocompatibility Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Christine Arnoulet
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Biopathology Department, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Hematology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
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12
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High-Risk Leukemia: Past, Present, and Future Role of NK Cells. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1586905. [PMID: 29850617 PMCID: PMC5925205 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1586905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a population of cytotoxic innate lymphocytes that evolved prior to their adaptive counterparts and constitute one of the first lines of defense against infected/mutated cells. Several studies have shown that in patients with acute leukemia given haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, donor-derived NK cells play a key role in the eradication of cancer cells. The antileukemic effect is mostly related to the presence of “alloreactive” NK cells, that is, mature KIR+ NK cells that express inhibitory KIR mismatched with HLA class I (KIR-L) of the patient. A genotypic analysis detecting KIR B haplotype and the relative B content is an additional donor selection criterion. These data provided the rationale for implementing phase I/II clinical trials of adoptive infusion of either selected or ex vivo-activated NK cells, often from an HLA-mismatched donor. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on the role played by NK cells in patients with acute leukemia, focusing also on the various approaches to adoptive NK cell therapy and the unresolved issues therein. In addition, we outline new methods to enhance NK activity, including anti-KIR monoclonal antibody, bi-/trispecific antibodies linking NK cells to cytokines and/or target antigens, and CAR-engineered NK cells.
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13
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Wang S, Li H, Ye C, Lin P, Li B, Zhang W, Sun L, Wang Z, Xue D, Teng W, Zhou X, Lin N, Ye Z. Valproic Acid Combined with Zoledronate Enhance γδ T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity against Osteosarcoma Cells via the Accumulation of Mevalonate Pathway Intermediates. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535738 PMCID: PMC5835048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term survival of osteosarcoma has remained unchanged in the last several decades. Immunotherapy is proved to be a promising therapeutic strategy against osteosarcoma, especially for those with metastasis. Our previous study explored the sensibilization of zoledronate (ZOL) in γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against osteosarcoma, but we have not yet elucidated the specific mechanism. Besides, high concentration is required to achieve these effects, whereas plasma ZOL concentration declines rapidly in the circulation. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor commonly used as the antiepileptic drug, has attracted much attention due to its synergistic antitumor efficacy with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrated that VPA combined with ZOL revealed the synergistic effect in enhancing antitumor efficacy of γδ T cells against osteosarcoma cells. This enhancement was mainly TCR-mediated and largely dependent on granule exocytose pathway. Of note, our findings indicated that ZOL sensitized osteosarcoma cells to γδ T cells by increasing the accumulation of the mevalonate pathway intermediates, which could be facilitated by VPA. We also found that this combination had similar effects on primary osteosarcoma cells. All the results suggested that VPA combined with ZOL could reduce the dose required to achieve a significant antitumor effect of γδ T cells, promoting it to be a novel therapy against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangsiyuan Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingzhi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Schiller CB, Braciak TA, Fenn NC, Seidel UJE, Roskopf CC, Wildenhain S, Honegger A, Schubert IA, Schele A, Lämmermann K, Fey GH, Jacob U, Lang P, Hopfner KP, Oduncu FS. CD19-specific triplebody SPM-1 engages NK and γδ T cells for rapid and efficient lysis of malignant B-lymphoid cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83392-83408. [PMID: 27825135 PMCID: PMC5347777 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplebodies are antibody-derived recombinant proteins carrying 3 antigen-binding domains in a single polypeptide chain. Triplebody SPM-1 was designed for lysis of CD19-bearing malignant B-lymphoid cells through the engagement of CD16-expressing cytolytic effectors, including NK and γδ T cells. SPM-1 is an optimized version of triplebody ds(19-16-19) and includes humanization, disulfide stabilization and the removal of potentially immunogenic sequences. A three-step chromatographic procedure yielded 1.7 - 5.5 mg of purified, monomeric protein per liter of culture medium. In cytolysis assays with NK cell effectors, SPM-1 mediated potent lysis of cancer-derived B cell lines and primary cells from patients with various B-lymphoid malignancies, which surpassed the ADCC activity of the therapeutic antibody Rituximab. EC50-values ranged from 3 to 86 pM. Finally, in an impedance-based assay, SPM-1 mediated a particularly rapid lysis of CD19-bearing target cells by engaging and activating both primary and expanded human γδ T cells from healthy donors as effectors. These data establish SPM-1 as a useful tool for a kinetic analysis of the cytolytic reactions mediated by γδ T and NK cells and as an agent deserving further development towards clinical use for the treatment of B-lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Schiller
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Todd A Braciak
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadja C Fenn
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula J E Seidel
- Department of General Paediatrics, Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia C Roskopf
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Wildenhain
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ingo A Schubert
- Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schele
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Lämmermann
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Lang
- Department of General Paediatrics, Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl-Peter Hopfner
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Fuat S Oduncu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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15
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Chretien AS, Fauriat C, Orlanducci F, Galseran C, Rey J, Bouvier Borg G, Gautherot E, Granjeaud S, Hamel-Broza JF, Demerle C, Ifrah N, Lacombe C, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Delaunay J, Toubert A, Gregori E, Luche H, Malissen M, Arnoulet C, Nunes JA, Vey N, Olive D. Natural Killer Defective Maturation Is Associated with Adverse Clinical Outcome in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Immunol 2017; 8:573. [PMID: 28611767 PMCID: PMC5447002 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence highlights natural killer (NK) cell parameters as potential prognostic factors in cancer patients, which provides a strong rationale for developing therapeutic strategies aiming at restoring NK cell. However, reaching this point warrants better characterization of tumor-induced NK cell alterations. Our group recently reported heterogeneous NK maturation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, the clinical significance of such observations remained to be assessed on a larger cohort of patients. NK maturation based on expression of CD56, CD57, and KIR was assessed by flow cytometry in newly diagnosed AML patients (N = 87 patients from GOELAMS-LAM-IR-2006 multicenter trial). Clinical outcome was evaluated with regard to NK maturation profiles. Unsupervised integrated analysis of NK maturation markers confirmed the existence of three distinct groups of patients [hypomaturation (24.1%), intermediate maturation (66.7%), and hypermaturation (9.2%)]. In univariate analysis, significant differences in overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0006) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (P < 0.0001) were observed among these different groups. Patients with hypomaturation profile had reduced OS, with 3-year OS rates of 12.5 vs 57.1 and 57.4% for patients with intermediate and hypermaturation, respectively. Consistently, patients with hypomaturation profile had reduced RFS, with 3-year RFS rates of 0 vs 52.6 and 73.3% for patients with intermediate and hypermaturation, respectively. In multivariate Cox regression models, NK hypomaturation remained significantly associated with reduced OS and RFS, independent of other factors [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.15, P = 0.004 and HR = 8.23, P = 0.003, respectively]. NK maturation defects were further explored by mass cytometry and revealed that NK hypomaturation profile is associated with a reduced frequency of memory-like NK cells. In conclusion, besides classical alterations of NK triggering and inhibitory receptors expression in AML, we confirm that the homeostasis of NK maturation can be modified in the context of AML, notably with a deep maturation blockade in almost 10% patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Claire Galseran
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | - Jerome Rey
- Hematology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Systems Biology Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | | | - Clemence Demerle
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | | | - Catherine Lacombe
- GOELAMStheque, FILO (French Innovative Leukemia Organization), Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Jacques Delaunay
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Catherine de Sienne, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM UMRS-1160, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Immunology and Histocompatibility department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Gregori
- Centre d'Immunophénomique - CIPHE (PHENOMIN), Aix Marseille University, UMS3367; Inserm US012; CNRS, UMS3367, Marseille, France
| | - Herve Luche
- Centre d'Immunophénomique - CIPHE (PHENOMIN), Aix Marseille University, UMS3367; Inserm US012; CNRS, UMS3367, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d'Immunophénomique - CIPHE (PHENOMIN), Aix Marseille University, UMS3367; Inserm US012; CNRS, UMS3367, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm U1104, CNRS UMR7280, F-13288, Marseille, France
| | - Christine Arnoulet
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Biopathology Department, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunes
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Hematology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
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16
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Farkas T, Müller J, Erdelyi DJ, Csoka M, Kovacs GT. Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) after Induction Treatment Predicts Survival of Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 23:889-897. [PMID: 28138921 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) has been recently established as a prognostic factor of survival in pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). A retrospective analysis of 132 patients treated according the BFM - ALLIC 2002 protocol was performed in a single institution. A possible association between ALC values and Overall Survival (OS) or Event-Free Survival (EFS) was evaluated at multiple time points during induction chemotherapy. ALC higher than 350 cells/μL measured on the 33th day of induction was associated with better Overall- and Event-Free Survival in both Kaplan-Meier (OS 88.6% vs. 40%; p < 0.001 / EFS 81.6% vs. 30%; p < 0.001) and Cox regression (OS HR 8.77 (3.31-23.28); p < 0.001) and EFS HR 6.61 (2.79-15.63); p < 0.001) analyses. There was no association between survival and measured ALC values from earlier time points (day of diagnosis, days 8 and 15) of induction therapy. Patients with low ALC values tend to have higher risk (MR or HR groups) and a higher age at diagnosis (>10 years). With help of day 33 ALC values of 350 cells/μL cutoff it was possible to refine day 33 flow cytometry (FC) Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) results within the negative cohort: higher ALC values were significantly associated with better survival. ALC on day 33 (350 cells/μL) remained prognostic for OS and EFS in multivariate analysis after adjusting it for age, cytogenetics, immunophenotype and FC MRD of induction day 33. According to these findings ALC on day 33 of induction is a strong predictor of survival in pediatric ALL.
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17
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Strategies before, during, and after hematopoietic cell transplantation to improve T-cell immune reconstitution. Blood 2016; 128:2607-2615. [PMID: 27697775 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-06-724005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell immune reconstitution (IR) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is highly variable between patients and may take several months to even years. Patients with delayed or unbalanced T-cell IR have a higher probability of developing transplantation-related morbidity, mortality, and relapse of disease. Hence, there is a need for strategies to better predict and improve IR to reduce these limitations of allo-HCT. In this review, we provide an update of current and in-near-future clinically relevant strategies before, during, and after transplantation to achieve successful T-cell IR. Potent strategies are choosing the right HCT source (eg, donor-recipient matching, cell dose, graft manipulation), individualized conditioning and serotherapy (eg, antithymocyte globulin), nutritional status, exercise, home care, modulation of microbiota, enhancing homeostatic peripheral expansion, promoting thymopoiesis, and the use of adjuvant-targeted cellular immunotherapies. Strategies to prevent graft-versus-host disease are important as well because this complication and the subsequent need for immunosuppression affects T-cell IR and function. These options aim for personalized precision transplantation, where allo-HCT therapy is designed to boost a well-balanced T-cell IR and limit complications in individual patients, resulting in overall lower morbidity and higher survival chances.
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18
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Minculescu L, Marquart HV, Friis LS, Petersen SL, Schiødt I, Ryder LP, Andersen NS, Sengeloev H. Early Natural Killer Cell Reconstitution Predicts Overall Survival in T Cell-Replete Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 22:2187-2193. [PMID: 27664326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Early immune reconstitution plays a critical role in clinical outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Natural killer (NK) cells are the first lymphocytes to recover after transplantation and are considered powerful effector cells in HSCT. We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of early NK cell recovery in T cell-replete transplant recipients. Immune reconstitution was studied in 298 adult patients undergoing HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome from 2005 to 2013. In multivariate analysis NK cell numbers on day 30 (NK30) > 150 cells/µL were independently associated with superior overall survival (hazard ratio, .79; 95% confidence interval, .66 to .95; P = .01). Cumulative incidence analyses showed that patients with NK30 > 150 cells/µL had significantly less transplant-related mortality (TRM), P = .01. Patients with NK30 > 150 cells/µL experienced significantly lower numbers of life-threatening bacterial infections as well as viral infections, including cytomegalovirus. No association was observed in relation to relapse. These results suggest an independent protective effect of high early NK cell reconstitution on TRM that translates into improved overall survival after T cell-replete HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Minculescu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Smidstrup Friis
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Soeren Lykke Petersen
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Schiødt
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Ryder
- Department of Clinical Immunology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Smedegaard Andersen
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sengeloev
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Almeida AR, Correia DV, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, da Silva CL, da Silva MG, Anjos DR, Silva-Santos B. Delta One T Cells for Immunotherapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Clinical-Grade Expansion/Differentiation and Preclinical Proof of Concept. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5795-5804. [PMID: 27307596 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Vδ1+ subset of γδ T lymphocytes is a promising candidate for cancer immunotherapy, but the lack of suitable expansion/differentiation methods has precluded therapeutic application. We set out to develop and test (preclinically) a Vδ1+ T-cell-based protocol that is good manufacturing practice compatible and devoid of feeder cells for prompt clinical translation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We tested multiple combinations of clinical-grade agonist antibodies and cytokines for their capacity to expand and differentiate (more than 2-3 weeks) Vδ1+ T cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We characterized the phenotype and functional potential of the final cellular product, termed Delta One T (DOT) cells, in vitro and in vivo (xenograft models of CLL). RESULTS We describe a very robust two-step protocol for the selective expansion (up to 2,000-fold in large clinical-grade cell culture bags) and differentiation of cytotoxic Vδ1+ (DOT) cells. These expressed the natural cytotoxicity receptors, NKp30 and NKp44, which synergized with the T-cell receptor to mediate leukemia cell targeting in vitro When transferred in vivo, DOT cells infiltrated tumors and peripheral organs, and persisted until the end of the analysis without showing signs of loss of function; indeed, DOT cells proliferated and produced abundant IFNγ and TNFα, but importantly no IL17, in vivo Critically, DOT cells were capable of inhibiting tumor growth and preventing dissemination in xenograft models of CLL. CONCLUSIONS We provide a clinical-grade method and the preclinical proof of principle for application of a new cellular product, DOT cells, in adoptive immunotherapy of CLL. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5795-804. ©2016 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Lymphocyte Count/methods
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Afonso R Almeida
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Lymphact - Lymphocyte Activation Technologies S.A., Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniel V Correia
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Lymphact - Lymphocyte Activation Technologies S.A., Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Gomes da Silva
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa - Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Lymphact - Lymphocyte Activation Technologies S.A., Coimbra, Portugal
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Samudio I, Rezvani K, Shaim H, Hofs E, Ngom M, Bu L, Liu G, Lee JTC, Imren S, Lam V, Poon GFT, Ghaedi M, Takei F, Humphries K, Jia W, Krystal G. UV-inactivated HSV-1 potently activates NK cell killing of leukemic cells. Blood 2016; 127:2575-86. [PMID: 26941401 PMCID: PMC4892253 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-639088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) potently activates human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to lyse leukemic cell lines and primary acute myeloid leukemia samples, but not healthy allogeneic lymphocytes. Intriguingly, we found that UV light-inactivated HSV-1 (UV-HSV-1) is equally effective in promoting PBMC cytolysis of leukemic cells and is 1000- to 10 000-fold more potent at stimulating innate antileukemic responses than UV-inactivated cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, reovirus, or adenovirus. Mechanistically, UV-HSV-1 stimulates PBMC cytolysis of leukemic cells, partly via Toll-like receptor-2/protein kinase C/nuclear factor-κB signaling, and potently stimulates expression of CD69, degranulation, migration, and cytokine production in natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting that surface components of UV-HSV-1 directly activate NK cells. Importantly, UV-HSV-1 synergizes with interleukin-15 (IL-15) and IL-2 in inducing activation and cytolytic activity of NK cells. Additionally, UV-HSV-1 stimulates glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation-dependent oxygen consumption in NK cells, but only glycolysis is required for their enhanced antileukemic activity. Last, we demonstrate that T cell-depleted human PBMCs exposed to UV-HSV-1 provide a survival benefit in a murine xenograft model of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Taken together, our results support the preclinical development of UV-HSV-1 as an adjuvant, alone or in combination with IL-15, for allogeneic donor mononuclear cell infusions to treat AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Samudio
- Programa de Investigacion e Innovacion en Leucemia Aguda y Cronica, Bogotá, Colombia; Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and
| | - Hila Shaim
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and
| | - Elyse Hofs
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mor Ngom
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Luke Bu
- Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guoyu Liu
- Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jason T C Lee
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Suzan Imren
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Vivian Lam
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Grace F T Poon
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maryam Ghaedi
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fumio Takei
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Keith Humphries
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William Jia
- Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gerald Krystal
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
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Haploidentical HCT using an αβ T-cell-depleted graft with targeted αβ(+) cells by add-back after a reduced intensity preparative regimen containing low-dose TBI. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:1217-22. [PMID: 27159171 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Between 2012 and 2015, 42 pediatric patients underwent haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation using an αβ(+) T-cell-depleted graft with targeted αβ cells at 1-5 × 10(5)/kg by add-back; 31 had hematologic malignancy (HM), 8 had non-malignant disease (NM) and 3 had solid tumors. All patients received uniform reduced-intensity conditioning with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin and low-dose TBI. All 42 patients achieved neutrophil engraftment at a median of 10 days. The cumulative incidences (CIs) of ⩾grade II and ⩾grade III acute GvHD were 31±7.1% (SE) and 12±5.0%, respectively, and 1-year CI of chronic GvHD was 15±5.8%. One patient died of CMV pneumonia, leading to transplant-related mortality (TRM) of 2.6±2.5%. Sixteen patients relapsed and 11 died of disease. At a median follow-up of 19 months (range, 5-43 months), the estimated 2-year event-free survival for NM and HM were 88±11.7 and 50±10.1%, respectively. Our study demonstrated that haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation after ex vivo depletion of αβ(+) T cells with targeted dose noticeably reduced the graft failure rate and TRM in pediatric patients and could be applied to patients lacking a suitable related or unrelated donor.
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22
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Benyamine A, Le Roy A, Mamessier E, Gertner-Dardenne J, Castanier C, Orlanducci F, Pouyet L, Goubard A, Collette Y, Vey N, Scotet E, Castellano R, Olive D. BTN3A molecules considerably improve Vγ9Vδ2T cells-based immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1146843. [PMID: 27853633 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1146843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given their recognized ability to kill acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts both in vitro and in vivo, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are of growing interest in the design of new strategies of immunotherapy. We show that the Butyrophilin3A (BTN3A, CD277) subfamily is a critical determinant of Vγ9Vδ2 TCR-mediated recognition of human primary AML blasts ex vivo. Moreover, anti-BTN3A 20.1 agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can trigger BTN3A on AML blasts leading to further enhanced Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated killing, but this mAb had no enhancing effect upon NK cell-mediated killing. We show that monocytic differentiation of primary AML blasts accounts for their AminoBisphosphonate (N-BP)-mediated sensitization to Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. In addition, anti-BTN3A 20.1 mAbs could specifically sensitize resistant blasts to Vγ9Vδ2 T cells lysis and overcome the poor effect of N-BP treatment on those blasts. We confirmed the enhancement of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells activity by anti-BTN3A 20.1 mAb using a human AML xenotransplantation mouse model. We showed that anti-BTN3A 20.1 mAb combined with Vγ9Vδ2 T cells immunotherapy could increase animal survival and decrease the leukemic burden in blood and bone marrow. These findings could be of great interest in the design of new immunotherapeutic strategies for treating AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Benyamine
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Aude Le Roy
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Emilie Mamessier
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), molecular Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Julie Gertner-Dardenne
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Céline Castanier
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Florence Orlanducci
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Laurent Pouyet
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, TrGET Plateforme d'Essais Précliniques, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, TrGET Plateforme d'Essais Précliniques, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, TrGET Plateforme d'Essais Précliniques, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseilles, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Remy Castellano
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105 , CNRS UMR 7258 , Marseilles, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Inserm, U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Immunity & Cancer, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105, CNRS UMR 7258, Marseilles, France; Inserm, U1068, CRCM, TrGET Plateforme d'Essais Précliniques, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM 105, CNRS UMR 7258, Marseilles, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseilles, France
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23
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Pietra G, Vitale C, Pende D, Bertaina A, Moretta F, Falco M, Vacca P, Montaldo E, Cantoni C, Mingari MC, Moretta A, Locatelli F, Moretta L. Human natural killer cells: news in the therapy of solid tumors and high-risk leukemias. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:465-76. [PMID: 26289090 PMCID: PMC11028670 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the immunity against cancer, while the involvement of other recently identified, NK-related innate lymphoid cells is still poorly defined. In the haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the therapy of high-risk leukemias, NK cells have been shown to exert a key role in killing leukemic blasts residual after conditioning. While the clinical results in the cure of leukemias are excellent, the exploitation of NK cells in the therapy of solid tumors is still limited and unsatisfactory. In solid tumors, NK cell function may be inhibited via different mechanisms, occurring primarily at the tumor site. The cellular interactions in the tumor microenvironment involve tumor cells, stromal cells and resident or recruited leukocytes and may favor tumor evasion from the host's defenses. In this context, a number of cytokines, growth factors and enzymes synthesized by tumor cells, stromal cells, suppressive/regulatory myeloid and lymphoid cells may substantially impair the function of different tumor-reactive effector cells, including NK cells. The identification and characterization of such mechanisms may offer clues for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies to restore effective anti-tumor responses. In order to harness NK cell-based immunotherapies, several approaches have been proposed, including reinforcement of NK cell cytotoxicity by means of specific cytokines, antibodies or drugs. These new tools may improve NK cell function and/or increase tumor susceptibility to NK-mediated killing. Hence, the integration of NK-based immunotherapies with conventional anti-tumor therapies may increase chances of successful cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pietra
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Moretta
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Ospedale Sacro Cuore, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Falco
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
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Im HJ, Koh KN, Seo JJ. Recent advances in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using ex vivo T cell-depleted graft in children and adolescents. Blood Res 2016; 51:8-16. [PMID: 27104186 PMCID: PMC4828537 DOI: 10.5045/br.2016.51.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for children and adolescents with various malignant and non-malignant diseases. While human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donor is the preferred choice, matched unrelated volunteer donor is another realistic option for successful HSCT. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to find a HLA-matched donor for patients requiring HSCT, leading to a considerable number of deaths of patients without undergoing transplantation. Alternatively, allogeneic HSCT from haploidentical family members could provide donors for virtually all patients who need HSCT. Although the early attempts at allogeneic HSCT from haploidentical family donor (HFD) were disappointing, recent advances in the effective ex vivo depletion of T cells or unmanipulated in vivo regulation of T cells, better supportive care, and optimal conditioning regimens have significantly improved the outcomes of haploidentical HSCT. The ex vivo techniques used to remove T cells have evolved from the selection of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell progenitors to the depletion of CD3+ cells, and more recently to the depletion of αβ+ T cells. The recent emerging evidence for ex vivo T cell-depleted haploidentical HSCT has provided additional therapeutic options for pediatric patients with diseases curable by HSCT but has not found a suitable related or unrelated donor. This review discusses recent advances in haploidentical HSCT, focusing on transplant using ex vivo T cell-depleted grafts. In addition, our experiences with this novel approach for the treatment of pediatric patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Joon Im
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Haploidentical Transplantation in Children with Acute Leukemia: The Unresolved Issues. Adv Hematol 2016; 2016:3467672. [PMID: 27110243 PMCID: PMC4823496 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3467672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains a curative option for children with high risk and advanced acute leukemia. Yet availability of matched family donor limits its use and although matched unrelated donor or mismatched umbilical cord blood (UCB) are viable options, they fail to meet the global need. Haploidentical family donor is almost universally available and is emerging as the alternate donor of choice in adult patients. However, the same is not true in the case of children. The studies of haploidentical HSCT in children are largely limited to T cell depleted grafts with not so encouraging results in advanced leukemia. At the same time, emerging data from UCBT are challenging the existing paradigm of less stringent HLA match requirements as perceived in the past. The use of posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCY) has yielded encouraging results in adults, but data in children is sorely lacking. Our experience of using PTCY based haploidentical HSCT in children shows inadequacy of this approach in younger children compared to excellent outcome in older children. In this context, we discuss the current status of haploidentical HSCT in children with acute leukemia in a global perspective and dwell on its future prospects.
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Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and zoledronate mediate antitumor activity in an orthotopic mouse model of human chondrosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7333-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Abstract
With the promise of T cell-based therapy for cancer finally becoming reality, this Review focuses on the less-studied γδ T cell lineage and its diverse responses to tumours. γδ T cells have well-established protective roles in cancer, largely on the basis of their potent cytotoxicity and interferon-γ production. Besides this, recent studies have revealed a series of tumour-promoting functions that are linked to interleukin-17-producing γδ T cells. Here, we integrate the current knowledge from both human and mouse studies to highlight the potential of γδ T cell modulation to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Trastuzumab enhanced the cytotoxicity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells against zoledronate-sensitized osteosarcoma cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:160-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Thomas LM. Current perspectives on natural killer cell education and tolerance: emerging roles for inhibitory receptors. Immunotargets Ther 2015; 4:45-53. [PMID: 27471711 PMCID: PMC4918248 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s61498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are regulated through the coordinated functions of activating and inhibitory receptors. These receptors can act during the initial engagement of an NK cell with a target cell, or in subsequent NK cell engagements to maintain tolerance. Notably, each individual possesses a sizable minority-population of NK cells that are devoid of inhibitory receptors that recognize the surrounding MHC class I (ie, self-MHC). Since these NK cells cannot perform conventional inhibition, they are rendered less responsive through the process of NK cell education (also known as licensing) in order to reduce the likelihood of auto-reactivity. This review will delineate current views on NK cell education, clarify various misconceptions about NK cell education, and, lastly, discuss the relevance of NK cell education in anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Michael Thomas
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Haploidentical Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Role of NK Cells and Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infections. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 395:209-24. [PMID: 26160014 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer cells play an important role in the immune responses against cancer and viral infections. In addition, NK cells have been shown to exert a key role in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation for the therapy of high-risk leukemias. The anti-leukemia effect is mostly related to the presence of "alloreactive" NK cells, i.e., mature KIR(+) NK cells that express inhibitory KIR mismatched with HLA class I (KIR-L) of the patient. In addition, an important role is played by certain activating KIR (primarily, but not only, KIR2DS1) upon interaction with their HLA class I ligand (C2 alleles). In general, the presence of activating KIR correlates with a better prognosis. Beside the infusion of "pure" CD34(+) cells, a novel protocol has been recently developed in which depletion of αβ T cells and CD19(+) B cells makes it possible to infuse into the patient, together with donor CD34(+) HSCs, important effector cells including mature PB NK cells and γδ T cells. Recent studies revealed that cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/reactivation may induce rapid NK cell maturation and greatly influence the NK receptor repertoire. The remarkable expansion of a subset expressing the activating receptor NKG2C, together with a more efficient virus-specific effector response after rechallenge with CMV (i.e., antigen specificity), and the longevity of the expanded population are all features consistent with an adaptive type of response and support the notion of a memory-like activity of NK cells.
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31
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Moretta L, Montaldo E, Vacca P, Del Zotto G, Moretta F, Merli P, Locatelli F, Mingari MC. Human natural killer cells: origin, receptors, function, and clinical applications. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014; 164:253-64. [PMID: 25323661 DOI: 10.1159/000365632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important effectors playing a relevant role in innate immunity, primarily in tumor surveillance and in defenses against viruses. Human NK cells recognize HLA class I molecules through surface receptors (KIR and NKG2A) that inhibit NK cell function and kill target cells that have lost (or underexpress) HLA class I molecules as it occurs in tumors or virus-infected cells. NK cell activation is mediated by an array of activating receptors and co-receptors that recognize ligands expressed primarily on tumors or virus-infected cells. In vivo anti-tumor NK cell activity may be suppressed by tumor or tumor-associated cells. Alloreactive NK cells (i.e. those that are not inhibited by the HLA class I alleles of the patient) derived from HSC of haploidentical donors play a major role in the cure of high-risk leukemia, by killing leukemia blasts and patient's DC, thus preventing tumor relapses and graft-versus-host disease. The expression of the HLA-C2-specific activating KIR2DS1 may also contribute to NK alloreactivity in patients expressing C2 alleles. A clear correlation has been proven between the size of the alloreactive NK cell population and the clinical outcome. Recently, haplo-HSCT has been further improved with the direct infusion, together with HSC, of donor-derived, mature alloreactive NK cells and TCRγδ(+) T cells - both contributing to a prompt anti-leukemia effect together with an efficient defense against pathogens during the 6- to 8-week interval required for the generation of alloreactive NK cells from HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Moretta
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
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KIR B haplotype donors confer a reduced risk for relapse after haploidentical transplantation in children with ALL. Blood 2014; 124:2744-7. [PMID: 25115891 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-03-565069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the influence of donor killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene haplotypes on the risk for relapse and the probability of event-free survival (EFS) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical transplantation of ex vivo T-cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cells. The KIR gene haplotype was evaluated in 85 donors, and the KIR B content score was determined in the 63 KIR haplotype B donors. Patients transplanted from a KIR haplotype B donor had a significantly better EFS than those transplanted from a KIR haplotype A donor (50.6% vs 29.5%, respectively; P = .033). Moreover, a high donor KIR B-content score was associated with a significantly reduced risk for relapse (Log-rank test for trend, P = .026). These data indicate that KIR genotyping should be included in the donor selection algorithm for haploidentical transplantation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the aim of choosing, whenever possible, a KIR haplotype B donor with a high KIR B-content score.
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Chretien AS, Le Roy A, Vey N, Prebet T, Blaise D, Fauriat C, Olive D. Cancer-Induced Alterations of NK-Mediated Target Recognition: Current and Investigational Pharmacological Strategies Aiming at Restoring NK-Mediated Anti-Tumor Activity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:122. [PMID: 24715892 PMCID: PMC3970020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite evidence of cancer immune-surveillance, which plays a key role in tumor rejection, cancer cells can escape immune recognition through different mechanisms. Thus, evasion to Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated anti-tumor activity is commonly described and is mediated by various mechanisms, mainly cancer cell-induced down-regulation of NK-activating receptors (NCRs, NKG2D, DNAM-1, and CD16) as well as up-regulation of inhibitory receptors (killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, KIRs, NKG2A). Alterations of NK cells lead to an impaired recognition of tumor cells as well as a decreased ability to interact with immune cells. Alternatively, cancer cells downregulate expression of ligands for NK cell-activating receptors and up-regulate expression of the ligands for inhibitory receptors. A better knowledge of the extent and the mechanisms of these defects will allow developing pharmacological strategies to restore NK cell ability to recognize and lyse tumor cells. Combining conventional chemotherapy and immune modulation is a promising approach likely to improve clinical outcome in diverse neoplastic malignancies. Here, we overview experimental approaches as well as strategies already available in the clinics that restore NK cell functionality. Yet successful cancer therapies based on the manipulation of NK cell already have shown efficacy in the context of hematologic malignancies. Additionally, the ability of cytotoxic agents to increase susceptibility of tumors to NK cell lysis has been studied and may require improvement to maximize this effect. More recently, new strategies were developed to specifically restore NK cell phenotype or to stimulate NK cell functions. Overall, pharmacological immune modulation trends to be integrated in therapeutic strategies and should improve anti-tumor effects of conventional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Aude Le Roy
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d’Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Département d’Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Prebet
- Département d’Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Unité de Transplantation et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d’Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
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Moretta L, Pietra G, Montaldo E, Vacca P, Pende D, Falco M, Del Zotto G, Locatelli F, Moretta A, Mingari MC. Human NK cells: from surface receptors to the therapy of leukemias and solid tumors. Front Immunol 2014; 5:87. [PMID: 24639677 PMCID: PMC3945935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are major effector cells of the innate immunity. The discovery, over two decades ago, of major histocompatibility complex-class I-specific inhibitory NK receptors and subsequently of activating receptors, recognizing ligands expressed by tumor or virus-infected cells, paved the way to our understanding of the mechanisms of selective recognition and killing of tumor cells. Although NK cells can efficiently kill tumor cells of different histotypes in vitro, their activity may be limited in vivo by their inefficient trafficking to tumor lesions and by the inhibition of their function induced by tumor cells themselves and by the tumor microenvironment. On the other hand, the important role of NK cells has been clearly demonstrated in the therapy of high risk leukemias in the haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation setting. NK cells derived from donor HSC kill leukemic cells residual after the conditioning regimen, thus preventing leukemia relapses. In addition, they also kill residual dendritic cells and T lymphocytes, thus preventing both GvH disease and graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy ; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genova , Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | | | | | | | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù , Rome , Italy ; Università di Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy ; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genova , Italy
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Locatelli F, Merli P, Rutella S. At the Bedside: Innate immunity as an immunotherapy tool for hematological malignancies. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:1141-57. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0613343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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