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Han JM, Yun I, Yang KM, Kim HS, Kim YY, Jeong W, Hong SS, Hwang I. Ethanol extract from Astilbe chinensis inflorescence suppresses inflammation in macrophages and growth of oral pathogenic bacteria. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306543. [PMID: 38959234 PMCID: PMC11221678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oral inflammation and biofilm-mediated infections drive diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of an ethanol extract from Astilbe chinensis inflorescence (GA-13-6) as a prominent candidate for natural complex substances (NCS) with therapeutic potential. In LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, GA-13-6 significantly suppressed proinflammatory mediators, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and nitric oxide (NO), surpassing purified astilbin, a known bioactive compound found in A. chinensis. Furthermore, GA-13-6 downregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), indicating an inhibitory effect on the inflammatory cascade. Remarkably, GA-13-6 exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, key players in dental caries and periodontitis, respectively. These findings suggest that complex GA-13-6 holds the potential for the treatment or prevention of periodontal and dental diseases, as well as various other inflammation-related conditions, while averting the induction of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Han
- DOCSmedi OralBiome Co. Ltd., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ina Yun
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Yang
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Kim
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Youn Kim
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jeong
- Bio Industry Department, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- Bio Industry Department, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- Apple Tree Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Medical Foundation, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Hsieh CY, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Deng SX, Tsai PW, Lee CJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116084. [PMID: 36584922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional herbal prescription consisting of seven herbs including Areca cathechu Burm.f., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Euodia ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.). It was first recorded during the Song dynasty and has been used extensively for protection against rheumatism, treatment of swelling of tendons, relief from foot pain, gout and diuresis and other forms of inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activity of JMS extracts with the use of different cell lines (RAW 264.7 cells, SW1353 cells and primary cultured rat chondrocytes). MIA-induced rat animal models were used to assess the anti-osteoarthritis activity of the extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of JMS-95E on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. For the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were used and they were randomly assigned in different groups: blank, control, positive control and three different JMS-95E treatment groups (200, 400, 800 mg/kg/d). Paw edema, hind-limb weight bearing, serum inflammatory cytokines including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the extract in the rat model. RESULT JMS 95% ethanol extract (JMS-95E, marker substance: narirutin (5.10 mg/g) and hesperidin (11.33 mg/g) has been identified in the extract using high pressure liquid chromatography. For in vitro assays, JMS-95E did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was able to downregulate the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and MMP-13. The production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 were also reduced with an increase in dose-dependent manner in various cell lines. Inhibitory activity on the key enzyme xanthine oxidase was also observed in this study. In rat animal models, JMS-95E reduced the inflammatory responses such as acute swelling, chondrocyte degradation and pain section of paw edema in rat model. Molecular marker studies of inflammation demonstrated that JMS-95E significantly decrease PGE2 expression in MIA model. CONCLUSION JMS-95E inhibited the inflammatory pathway leading to the production or expression levels of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in macrophage cells. In primary cultured rat chondrocytes iNOS and SW1353 MMP-13 expression were downregulated after JMS-95E treatment. For the in vivo study JMS-95E significantly reduced the paw volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema through each dose and significantly inhibited paw volume, counterweight the distribution of hind-paw weight bearing through the MIA model which means JMS-95E could promote recovery of the acute swelling and chondrocyte degradation of the ankle joints. The above results provided the multiple mechanism of JMS-95E in OA treatment of the scientific founding which supported the description of JMS in traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines.
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Samarakoon KW, Kuruppu AI, Ko JY, Lee JH, Jeon YJ. Structural Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 24-Methylcholesta-5(6), 22-Diene-3β-ol from the Cultured Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Attenuate Inflammatory Signaling Pathways. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040231. [PMID: 37103370 PMCID: PMC10144052 DOI: 10.3390/md21040231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, 24-methylcholesta-5(6), 22-diene-3β-ol (MCDO), a major phytosterol was isolated from the cultured marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin, and in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects were determined. MCDO demonstrated very potent dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells with minimal cytotoxic effects. MCDO also demonstrated a strong and significant suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, but no substantial inhibitory effects were observed on the production of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at the tested concentrations against LPS treatment on RAW macrophages. Western blot assay confirmed the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expressions against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, MCDO was assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory effects using the zebrafish model. MCDO acted as a potent inhibitor for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO levels with a protective effect against the oxidative stress induced by LPS in inflammatory zebrafish embryos. Collectively, MCDO isolated from the cultured marine diatom P. tricornutum exhibited profound anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this major sterol might be a potential treatment for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpa W Samarakoon
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education (KDU-CARE), General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana 10390, Sri Lanka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Anchala I Kuruppu
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education (KDU-CARE), General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana 10390, Sri Lanka
| | - Ju-Young Ko
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeok Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
- Lee Gill Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Wang F, Liu J, An Q, Wang Y, Yang Y, Huo T, Yang S, Ju R, Quan Q. Aloe Extracts Inhibit Skin Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB, ERK, and JNK Signaling Pathways in an LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages Model. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:267-278. [PMID: 36742263 PMCID: PMC9891070 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s391741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation generally refers to the body's defensive response to stimuli, and skin inflammation is still one of the major problems that affect human physical and mental health. While current pharmacological treatments are reported to have cytotoxicity and various side effects, herbal medicines with few side effects and low cytotoxicity are considered as alternative therapeutic approaches. Methods In order to investigate anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of ALOE, the potential cytotoxicity of A. vera extracts (ALOE) was determined in vitro at first. The production of the pro-inflammatory proteins (ie, IL-6, TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and ultraviolet A (UVA)-stimulated HaCaT and RAW264.7 cells were then treated with ALOE to test its inhibitory effects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To further explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ALOE, quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes iNOS, COX-2 and NO production. For NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways analysis, Western blotting and nuclear fluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of key factors. Results ALOE did not exhibit obvious cytotoxicity (0-3 mg/mL) in vitro. ALOE was able to inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and functioned more prominently in LPS-induced model. ALOE could also suppress the mRNA expression of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 and further down-regulate NO level. Furthermore, ALOE reduced the protein expression of P65 in NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressed LPS-induced activation of ERK and JNK, instead of p38 MAPK pathway. Conclusion Taken together, these results demonstrated that ALOE is a potential treatment in suppressing LPS-stimulated inflammation reactions targeting NF-κB, JNK and ERK signaling pathways. The anti-inflammatory effects of ALOE indicated that it has the potential to become an effective cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jitao Liu
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan An
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Huo
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simin Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Enze Biomass Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijun Ju
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Enze Biomass Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianghua Quan
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Ren XM, He H, Li F, Liu K, Zhao F, Hu H, Zhang P, Huang B, Pan X. Cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory effect of polystyrene nano-plastic and micro-plastic on RAW264.7 cells. Toxicology 2023; 484:153391. [PMID: 36503103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that exposure to micro- or nano-plastics led to the cell viability and function of macrophages in the intestine tissue might be one possible mechanism. This study investigated the cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory effect of 80 nm polystyrene-nano-plastic (PS-NP) and 3 µm PS-micro-plastic (PS-MP) on mouse macrophages RAW264.7 cells. Our results showed that exposure to PS-NP or PS-MP induced apoptosis of cells at 5 or 10 μg/mL, respectively. Besides, PS-NP enhanced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10) with the lowest effective concentration (LOEC) of 1, 0.01, and 0.01 μg/mL, respectively. PS-MP enhanced secretion of TNF-α and IL-10 with the LOEC of 1 and 0.01 μg/mL, respectively. We further studied the possible mechanisms of the effects of PS-NP or PS-MP on RAW264.7 cells. We found they might cause cytotoxicity and inflammatory effects by producing reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in the cells. Accordingly, our results demonstrated that PS-NP and PS-MP had cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory effect on macrophages, which might further lead to intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we revealed that the PS-NP had more potent adverse impacts on macrophages than PS-MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiao-Min Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fan Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kunqian Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fenqing Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huixiang Hu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China.
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Zhang Z, Liu N, Chen X, Zhang F, Kong T, Tang X, Yang Q, Chen W, Xiong X, Chen X. UCHL1 regulates inflammation via MAPK and NF-κB pathways in LPS-activated macrophages. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2107-2117. [PMID: 34288216 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a common pathophysiological process as well as a clinical threat that occurs in various diseases worldwide. It is well-documented that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are involved in inflammatory reactions to microbial infections in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. The deubiquitinase ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) has been reported as an oncoprotein to promote the growth and progression of cancer cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of UCHL1 in inflammation is currently unclear. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of UCHL1 on LPS-associated inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. This study identified that inhibition or knockdown of UCHL1 decreased the amounts of the key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in macrophages. Additionally, inhibition of UCHL1 suppressed LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation by regulating the inhibitor of NF-κB. Mechanically, UCHL1 interacts with IκBα protein in THP-1. Meanwhile, inhibition of UCHL1 blocked the LPS-induced degradation of IκBα through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Moreover, in vivo assay showed that suppression of UCHL1 notably reduced the LPS-induced animal death and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, the current findings uncover that UCHL1 functions as a crucial regulator for inflammatory response via reversing the degradation of IκBα, representing a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangcheng Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qilin Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuming Xiong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Lin CT, Senthil Kumar KJ, Tseng YH, Wang ZJ, Pan MY, Xiao JH, Chien SC, Wang SY. Anti-inflammatory activity of Flavokawain B from Alpinia pricei Hayata. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6060-6065. [PMID: 19537711 DOI: 10.1021/jf900517d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Alpinia pricei (Zingiberaceae) is a spicy herb indigenous to Taiwan. A potent anti-inflammatory compound, flavokawain B (FKB), was obtained from A. pricei. FKB significantly inhibited production of NO and PGE(2) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, it also notably decreased the secretion of TNF-alpha. Expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins was also inhibited by FKB in a dose-dependent manner. FKB blocked the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB induced by LPS, which was associated with prevention IkappaB degradation, and subsequently decreased NF-kappaB protein levels in the nucleus. Similar anti-inflammatory activities of FKB were observed in an animal assay. NO concentrations in mouse serum rose dramatically from 3.2 to 28.8 microM after mice were challenged with LPS; however, preadministration of 200 mg/kg FKB reduced the NO concentration to 3.8 microM after challenge with LPS. Moreover, FKB strongly suppressed LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, and NF-kappaB proteins expression in mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Tsong Lin
- Department of Forestry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Wu SJ, Tsai JY, Chang SP, Lin DL, Wang SS, Huang SN, Ng LT. Supercritical carbon dioxide extract exhibits enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis peruviana. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 108:407-13. [PMID: 16820275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Physalis peruviana L. (PP) is a medicinal herb widely used in folk medicine. In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) method was employed to obtain three different PP extracts, namely SCEPP-0, SCEPP-4 and SCEPP-5. The total flavonoid and phenol concentrations, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of these extracts were analyzed and compared with aqueous and ethanolic PP extracts. Among all the extracts tested, SCEPP-5 demonstrated the highest total flavonoid (234.63+/-9.61 mg/g) and phenol (90.80+/-2.21 mg/g) contents. At concentrations 0.1-30 microg/ml, SCEPP-5 also demonstrated the strongest superoxide anion scavenging activity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect. At 30 microg/ml, SCEPP-5 significantly prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 microg/ml)-induced cell cytotoxicity in murine macrophage (Raw 264.7) cells. At 10-50 microg/ml, it also significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO release and PGE2 formation in a dose-dependent pattern. SCEPP-5 at 30 microg/ml remarkably blocked the LPS induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Taken together, these results suggest that SCEPP-5, an extract of SFE-CO2, displayed the strongest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as compared to other extracts. Its protection against LPS-induced inflammation could be through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Wu
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
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