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Liu Z, Zhang N, Wang C, Shi L, Hu Y, Wang Y, Li J. Lrp13a and Lrp13b serve as vitellogenin receptors in the ovary of zebrafish†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:123-134. [PMID: 38660750 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In oviparous animals, egg yolk is largely derived from vitellogenin, which is taken up from the maternal circulation by the growing oocytes via the vitellogenin receptor. Recently, a novel member of the lipoprotein receptor superfamily termed low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 was identified and proposed as a candidate of vitellogenin receptor in oviparous animals. However, the roles of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 in vitellogenesis are still poorly defined. Here, we investigated the expression, vitellogenin-binding properties, and function of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 in zebrafish. Two different lrp13 genes termed lrp13a and lrp13b were found in zebrafish. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed both lrp13s to be predominantly expressed in zebrafish ovary, and in situ hybridization detected both lrp13s transcripts in the ooplasm of early stage oocytes. Two yeast hybrid studies showed that among eight vitellogenins of zebrafish, Vtg1, 2, and 3 bind to Lrp13a, while Vtg1, 2, and 5 bind to Lrp13b. We created zebrafish lrp13a and lrp13b mutant lines using CRISPR/Cas9. Knockout of lrp13a leads to a male-biased sex ratio and decreased diameter of embryo yolk, while knockout of lrp13b and double knockout of lrp13a and lrp13b leads to the delay of vitellogenesis, followed by follicular atresia. These phenotypes of mutants can be explained by the disruption of vitellogenesis in the absence of Lrp13s. Taken together, our results indicate that both Lrp13a and Lrp13b can serve as vitellogenin receptors in zebrafish among other vitellogenin receptors that are not yet described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuangxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianzhen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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Yilmaz O, Sullivan CV, Bobe J, Norberg B. The role of multiple vitellogenins in early development of fishes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 351:114479. [PMID: 38431208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Functions of vitellogenins have been in the limelight of fish reproductive physiology research for decades. The Vtg system of acanthomorph teleosts consists of two complete forms of Vtgs (VtgAa and VtgAb) and an incomplete form, VtgC. Insufficient uptake and processing of Vtgs and their yolk proteins lead to inadequate oocyte hydration ensuing failure in acquisition of egg buoyancy and early developmental deficiencies. This review presents a summary of our studies on utilization of multiple Vtgs in species with different egg buoyancy characteristics, as examples. Studies of moronids revealed limited degradation of all three forms of lipovitellin heavy chain derived from their three respective forms of Vtg, by which they contribute to the free amino acid pool driving oocyte hydration during oocyte maturation. In later studies, CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to invalidate zebrafish type I, type II and type III Vtgs, which are orthologs of acanthamorph VtgAa, VtgAb and VtgC, respectively. Results revealed type I Vtg to have essential developmental and nutritional functions in both late embryos and larvae. Genomic disturbance of type II Vtg led to high mortalities during the first 24 h of embryonic development. Despite being a minor form of Vtg in zebrafish and most other species, type III Vtg was also found to contribute essentially to the developmental potential of zebrafish zygotes and early embryos. Apart from severe effects on progeny survival, these studies also disclosed previously unreported regulatory effects of Vtgs on fecundity and fertility, and on embryo hatching. We recently utilized parallel reactions monitoring based liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to assess the processing and utilization of lipovitellins derived from different forms of Vtg in Atlantic halibut and European plaice. Results showed the Lv heavy chain of VtgAa (LvHAa) to be consumed during oocyte maturation and the Lv light chain of VtgAb (LvLAb) to be utilized specifically during late larval stages, while all remaining YPs (LvLAa, LvHAb, LvHC, and LvLC) were utilized during or after hatching up until first feeding in halibut. In plaice, all YPs except LvHAa, which similarly to halibut supports oocyte maturation, are utilized from late embryo to late larval development up until first feeding. The collective findings from these studies affirm substantial disparity in modes of utilization of different types of Vtgs among fish species with various egg buoyancy characteristics, and they reveal previously unknown regulatory functions of Vtgs in maintenance of reproductive assets such as maternal fecundity and fertility, and in embryonic hatching. Despite the progress that has been made over the past two decades by examining multiple Vtgs and their functions, a higher complexity of these systems with much greater diversity between species in modes of Vtg utilization is now evident. Further research is needed to reveal novel ways each species has evolved to utilize these complex multiple Vtg systems and to discover unifying principles for this evolution in fishes of diverse lineages, habitats and life history characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yilmaz
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, 5392 Storebø, Norway.
| | | | | | - Birgitta Norberg
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, 5392 Storebø, Norway
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Wilson CA, Batzel P, Postlethwait JH. Direct male development in chromosomally ZZ zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1362228. [PMID: 38529407 PMCID: PMC10961373 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1362228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The genetics of sex determination varies across taxa, sometimes even within a species. Major domesticated strains of zebrafish (Danio rerio), including AB and TU, lack a strong genetic sex determining locus, but strains more recently derived from nature, like Nadia (NA), possess a ZZ male/ZW female chromosomal sex-determination system. AB fish pass through a juvenile ovary stage, forming oocytes that survive in fish that become females but die in fish that become males. To understand mechanisms of gonad development in NA zebrafish, we studied histology and single cell transcriptomics in developing ZZ and ZW fish. ZW fish developed oocytes by 22 days post-fertilization (dpf) but ZZ fish directly formed testes, avoiding a juvenile ovary phase. Gonads of some ZW and WW fish, however, developed oocytes that died as the gonad became a testis, mimicking AB fish, suggesting that the gynogenetically derived AB strain is chromosomally WW. Single-cell RNA-seq of 19dpf gonads showed similar cell types in ZZ and ZW fish, including germ cells, precursors of gonadal support cells, steroidogenic cells, interstitial/stromal cells, and immune cells, consistent with a bipotential juvenile gonad. In contrast, scRNA-seq of 30dpf gonads revealed that cells in ZZ gonads had transcriptomes characteristic of testicular Sertoli, Leydig, and germ cells while ZW gonads had granulosa cells, theca cells, and developing oocytes. Hematopoietic and vascular cells were similar in both sex genotypes. These results show that juvenile NA zebrafish initially develop a bipotential gonad; that a factor on the NA W chromosome, or fewer than two Z chromosomes, is essential to initiate oocyte development; and without the W factor, or with two Z doses, NA gonads develop directly into testes without passing through the juvenile ovary stage. Sex determination in AB and TU strains mimics NA ZW and WW zebrafish, suggesting loss of the Z chromosome during domestication. Genetic analysis of the NA strain will facilitate our understanding of the evolution of sex determination mechanisms.
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Wilson CA, Batzel P, Postlethwait JH. Direct Male Development in Chromosomally ZZ Zebrafish. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.27.573483. [PMID: 38234788 PMCID: PMC10793451 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The genetics of sex determination varies across taxa, sometimes even within a species. Major domesticated strains of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ), including AB and TU, lack a strong genetic sex determining locus, but strains more recently derived from nature, like Nadia (NA), possess a ZZ male/ZW female chromosomal sex-determination system. AB strain fish pass through a juvenile ovary stage, forming oocytes that survive in fish that become females but die in fish that become males. To understand mechanisms of gonad development in NA zebrafish, we studied histology and single cell transcriptomics in developing ZZ and ZW fish. ZW fish developed oocytes by 22 days post-fertilization (dpf) but ZZ fish directly formed testes, avoiding a juvenile ovary phase. Gonads of some ZW and WW fish, however, developed oocytes that died as the gonad became a testis, mimicking AB fish, suggesting that the gynogenetically derived AB strain is chromosomally WW. Single-cell RNA-seq of 19dpf gonads showed similar cell types in ZZ and ZW fish, including germ cells, precursors of gonadal support cells, steroidogenic cells, interstitial/stromal cells, and immune cells, consistent with a bipotential juvenile gonad. In contrast, scRNA-seq of 30dpf gonads revealed that cells in ZZ gonads had transcriptomes characteristic of testicular Sertoli, Leydig, and germ cells while ZW gonads had granulosa cells, theca cells, and developing oocytes. Hematopoietic and vascular cells were similar in both sex genotypes. These results show that juvenile NA zebrafish initially develop a bipotential gonad; that a factor on the NA W chromosome or fewer than two Z chromosomes is essential to initiate oocyte development; and without the W factor or with two Z doses, NA gonads develop directly into testes without passing through the juvenile ovary stage. Sex determination in AB and TU strains mimics NA ZW and WW zebrafish, suggesting loss of the Z chromosome during domestication. Genetic analysis of the NA strain will facilitate our understanding of the evolution of sex determination mechanisms.
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Zhai Y, Zhang X, Zhao C, Geng R, Wu K, Yuan M, Ai N, Ge W. Rescue of bmp15 deficiency in zebrafish by mutation of inha reveals mechanisms of BMP15 regulation of folliculogenesis. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010954. [PMID: 37713421 PMCID: PMC10529593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As an oocyte-specific growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) plays a critical role in controlling folliculogenesis. However, the mechanism of BMP15 action remains elusive. Using zebrafish as the model, we created a bmp15 mutant using CRISPR/Cas9 and demonstrated that bmp15 deficiency caused a significant delay in follicle activation and puberty onset followed by a complete arrest of follicle development at previtellogenic (PV) stage without yolk accumulation. The mutant females eventually underwent female-to-male sex reversal to become functional males, which was accompanied by a series of changes in secondary sexual characteristics. Interestingly, the blockade of folliculogenesis and sex reversal in bmp15 mutant could be partially rescued by the loss of inhibin (inha-/-). The follicles of double mutant (bmp15-/-;inha-/-) could progress to mid-vitellogenic (MV) stage with yolk accumulation and the fish maintained their femaleness without sex reversal. Transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of pathways related to TGF-β signaling and endocytosis in the double mutant follicles. Interestingly, the expression of inhibin/activin βAa subunit (inhbaa) increased significantly in the double mutant ovary. Further knockout of inhbaa in the triple mutant (bmp15-/-;inha-/-;inhbaa-/-) resulted in the loss of yolk granules again. The serum levels of estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin (Vtg) both decreased significantly in bmp15 single mutant females (bmp15-/-), returned to normal in the double mutant (bmp15-/-;inha-/-), but reduced again significantly in the triple mutant (bmp15-/-;inha-/-;inhbaa-/-). E2 treatment could rescue the arrested follicles in bmp15-/-, and fadrozole (a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor) treatment blocked yolk accumulation in bmp15-/-;inha-/- fish. The loss of inhbaa also caused a reduction of Vtg receptor-like molecules (e.g., lrp1ab and lrp2a). In summary, the present study provided comprehensive genetic evidence that Bmp15 acts together with the activin-inhibin system in the follicle to control E2 production from the follicle, Vtg biosynthesis in the liver and its uptake by the developing oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ruijing Geng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Mingzhe Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Nana Ai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
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Lu Y, Rice E, Du K, Kneitz S, Naville M, Dechaud C, Volff JN, Boswell M, Boswell W, Hillier L, Tomlinson C, Milin K, Walter RB, Schartl M, Warren WC. High resolution genomes of multiple Xiphophorus species provide new insights into microevolution, hybrid incompatibility, and epistasis. Genome Res 2023; 33:557-571. [PMID: 37147111 PMCID: PMC10234306 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277434.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of diverged adaptative phenotypes, fish species of the genus Xiphophorus have contributed to a wide range of research for a century. Existing Xiphophorus genome assemblies are not at the chromosomal level and are prone to sequence gaps, thus hindering advancement of the intra- and inter-species differences for evolutionary, comparative, and translational biomedical studies. Herein, we assembled high-quality chromosome-level genome assemblies for three distantly related Xiphophorus species, namely, X. maculatus, X. couchianus, and X. hellerii Our overall goal is to precisely assess microevolutionary processes in the clade to ascertain molecular events that led to the divergence of the Xiphophorus species and to progress understanding of genetic incompatibility to disease. In particular, we measured intra- and inter-species divergence and assessed gene expression dysregulation in reciprocal interspecies hybrids among the three species. We found expanded gene families and positively selected genes associated with live bearing, a special mode of reproduction. We also found positively selected gene families are significantly enriched in nonpolymorphic transposable elements, suggesting the dispersal of these nonpolymorphic transposable elements has accompanied the evolution of the genes, possibly by incorporating new regulatory elements in support of the Britten-Davidson hypothesis. We characterized inter-specific polymorphisms, structural variants, and polymorphic transposable element insertions and assessed their association to interspecies hybridization-induced gene expression dysregulation related to specific disease states in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA;
| | - Edward Rice
- Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Surgery, Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201, USA
| | - Kang Du
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Magali Naville
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Corentin Dechaud
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Volff
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Mikki Boswell
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - William Boswell
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - LaDeana Hillier
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Kremitzki Milin
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Ronald B Walter
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412, USA
| | - Manfred Schartl
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
- Developmental Biochemistry, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wesley C Warren
- Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Surgery, Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201, USA
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Babio L, Damsteegt EL, Lokman PM. Lipoprotein receptors in ovary of eel, Anguilla australis: molecular characterisation of putative vitellogenin receptors. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:117-137. [PMID: 36648592 PMCID: PMC9935665 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipoprotein receptors, including low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) relatives (Lrs) and LDLr-related proteins (Lrps), belong to the LDLr supergene family and participate in diverse physiological functions. In this study, novel sequences of lr and lrp genes expressed in the ovary of the short-finned eel, Anguilla australis, during early gonadal development are presented. The genes encoding the LDLr-like, Lrp1-like, Lrp1b-like, Lrp3, Lrp4-like, Lrp5-like, Lrp6, Lrp10, Lrp11, Lrp12-like, and Lr11-like proteins were found and identified by sequence and structure analysis, in addition to phylogenetic analysis. Genes encoding proteins previously implicated in follicle development and vitellogenin (Vtg) uptake in oviparous vertebrates were also identified, i.e. lr8 (including lr8 + and lr8- variants) and lrp13; their identification was reinforced by conserved synteny with orthologues in other teleost fish. Compared to other lr/lrp genes, the genes encoding Lr8 + , Lr8-, and Lrp13 were highly expressed in ovary during early development, decreasing as oocyte development advanced when induced by hypophysation. Furthermore, lr8 + , lr8-, and lrp13 were dominantly expressed in the ovary when compared with 17 other tissues. Finally, this study successfully detected the expression of both lr8 variants, which showed different expression patterns to those reported in other oviparous vertebrates and provided the first characterisation of Lrp13 in Anguilla sp. We propose that lr8 + , lr8-, and lrp13 encode putative Vtg receptors in anguillid eels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Babio
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, Otago 9054 New Zealand
| | - Erin L. Damsteegt
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, Otago 9054 New Zealand
| | - P. Mark Lokman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, Otago 9054 New Zealand
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Li T, Chen Q, Zhang Q, Feng T, Zhang J, Lin Y, Yang P, He S, Zhang H. Transcriptomic Analysis on the Effects of Altered Water Temperature Regime on the Fish Ovarian Development of Coreius guichenoti under the Impact of River Damming. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1829. [PMID: 36552338 PMCID: PMC9775624 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Field investigation indicated that the reduction in fish spawning was associated with the alteration in water temperatures, even a 2-3 °C monthly difference due to reservoir operations. However, the physiological mechanism that influences the development of fish ovary (DFO) remains unclear. Thus, experiments of Coreius guichenoti were conducted at three different temperatures, optimal temperature (~20 °C, N) for fish spawning, lower (~17 °C, L), and higher (~23 °C, H), to reveal the effects of altered water temperature on the DFO. Comparisons were made between the L and N (LvsN) conditions and H and N (HvsN) conditions. Transcriptomic analysis differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) related to heat stress were observed only in LvsN conditions, indicating that the DFO showed a stronger response to changes in LvsN than in HvsN conditions. Upregulation of DETs of vitellogenin receptors in N temperature showed that normal temperature was conducive to vitellogenin entry into the oocytes. Other temperature-sensitive DETs, including microtubule, kinesin, dynein, and actin, were closely associated with cell division and material transport. LvsN significantly impacted cell division and nutrient accumulation in the yolk, whereas HvsN only influenced cell division. Our results highlight the impact of altered water temperature on the DFO, thereby providing insights for future reservoir operations regarding river damming and climate change and establishing fish conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peisi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shufeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
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Babio L, Lokman PM, Damsteegt EL, Dutoit L. Are Cell Junctions Implicated in the Regulation of Vitellogenin Uptake? Insights from an RNAseq-Based Study in Eel, Anguilla australis. Cells 2022; 11:550. [PMID: 35159359 PMCID: PMC8834532 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
At the onset of puberty, ovarian follicles become competent to incorporate large amounts of vitellogenin (Vtg). Using an RNAseq-based approach, transcriptomes from pre-vitellogenic (PV) and early vitellogenic (EV) ovaries from wild-caught eel, Anguilla australis, were compared to investigate the expression of specific genes encoding cell junction proteins that could be involved in regulating Vtg uptake. Partial support was found for the mechanical barrier hypothesis proposing that the access of Vtg to the oolemma is restricted by a tight junction (TJ) network within the granulosa cell layer, which changes between the PV and EV stage. Among 25 genes encoding TJ-constituting proteins, five were down-regulated and two were up-regulated. A chemical barrier hypothesis stating that gap junctions (GJs) are involved in modulating Vtg uptake was not supported, as only five GJs were found to be expressed in the ovary with no significant changes in expression between stages. Furthermore, the endocytic pathway was found to be up-regulated during the PV-EV transition. Finally, the study showed that gene expression patterns may help identify suitable candidates involved in the regulation of Vtg uptake, and provided novel sequence data for A. australis, including putative Vtg receptors corresponding to Lr8 and Lrp13 members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Babio
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.M.L.); (E.L.D.); (L.D.)
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Namgung J, Mizuta H, Yamaguchi Y, Nagata J, Todo T, Yilmaz O, Hiramatsu N. Knock out of a major vitellogenin receptor gene with eight ligand binding repeats in medaka (Oryzias latipes) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 257:110967. [PMID: 33895320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies of vitellogenesis engendered a novel model of teleost yolk formation in which multiple yolk precursors, vitellogenins (Vtgs), and their receptors (Vtgrs) interact to ensure proper yolk composition for embryonic development and larval growth. As a step toward verification of this concept, we examined the role of one candidate Vtgr, termed low-density lipoprotein receptor relative with eight ligand-binding repeat (Lr8), in the medaka, a representative teleost and established laboratory model. A homozygous lr8 knock out (lr8-KO) medaka was produced to perform reverse-genetic functional analyses. In ovaries of wild type (WT) medaka, Western blotting detected a putative Lr8 protein band at ~130 kDa, while immunohistochemistry detected the putative Lr8 signal at the periphery of the oocyte underneath the zona radiata. These signals disappeared in ovaries of the lr8-KO group. Offspring of lr8-KO medaka exhibited decreased survival rate compared to WT fish, but KO of lr8 was not 100% lethal. There was no significant difference in total yolk protein content or size of eggs between WT and lr8-KO fish. However, LC-MS/MS analyses revealed a remarkable decrease in the relative abundance of yolk proteins derived from VtgAb in lr8-KO eggs, in conjunction with a compensatory increase in proteins derived from VtgAa1. These findings strongly support the conclusion that Lr8 is an important receptor for VtgAb in medaka. The disruption of proper yolk composition by lr8-KO is possibly one cause of the low offspring survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Namgung
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroko Mizuta
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Yo Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Jun Nagata
- Mariculture Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, 1-4-1 Masuura, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-3119, Japan
| | - Takashi Todo
- Division of Marine Life Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Ozlem Yilmaz
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | - Naoshi Hiramatsu
- Division of Marine Life Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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11
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Koutsouveli V, Cárdenas P, Santodomingo N, Marina A, Morato E, Rapp HT, Riesgo A. The Molecular Machinery of Gametogenesis in Geodia Demosponges (Porifera): Evolutionary Origins of a Conserved Toolkit across Animals. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:3485-3506. [PMID: 32929503 PMCID: PMC7743902 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
All animals are capable of undergoing gametogenesis. The ability of forming haploid cells from diploid cells through meiosis and recombination appeared early in eukaryotes, whereas further gamete differentiation is mostly a metazoan signature. Morphologically, the gametogenic process presents many similarities across animal taxa, but little is known about its conservation at the molecular level. Porifera are the earliest divergent animals and therefore are an ideal phylum to understand evolution of the gametogenic toolkits. Although sponge gametogenesis is well known at the histological level, the molecular toolkits for gamete production are largely unknown. Our goal was to identify the genes and their expression levels which regulate oogenesis and spermatogenesis in five gonochoristic and oviparous species of the genus Geodia, using both RNAseq and proteomic analyses. In the early stages of both female and male gametogenesis, genes involved in germ cell fate and cell-renewal were upregulated. Then, molecular signals involved in retinoic acid pathway could trigger the meiotic processes. During later stages of oogenesis, female sponges expressed genes involved in cell growth, vitellogenesis, and extracellular matrix reassembly, which are conserved elements of oocyte maturation in Metazoa. Likewise, in spermatogenesis, genes regulating the whole meiotic cycle, chromatin compaction, and flagellum axoneme formation, that are common across Metazoa were overexpressed in the sponges. Finally, molecular signals possibly related to sperm capacitation were identified during late stages of spermatogenesis for the first time in Porifera. In conclusion, the activated molecular toolkit during gametogenesis in sponges was remarkably similar to that deployed during gametogenesis in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Koutsouveli
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum of London, London, United Kingdom
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paco Cárdenas
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nadiezhda Santodomingo
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anabel Marina
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esperanza Morato
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans Tore Rapp
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum of London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Mushirobira Y, Niida M, Hotta T, Fujinami Y, Soyano K. Hepatic expression profiles of three subtypes of vitellogenin and estrogen receptor during vitellogenesis in cultured female yellowtail. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113612. [PMID: 32950579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol-17β (E2) promotes the transcription of vitellogenin (Vtg) via nuclear estrogen receptor (ER). Three Vtg (VtgAa, VtgAb, and VtgC) and ER subtypes (ERα, ERβ1, and ERβ2) have been reported in perciform fish; however, the relationship between the transcriptional regulation of Vtg and ER subtypes remains unclear. Molecular characterization was performed and the expression profiles of vtg and er subtypes were investigated to elucidate mechanisms of synthesis of vtg subtypes in yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata. Primary structures and promoter regions were revealed in three subtypes of vtg and er, and all the vtg subtypes and erα were presumed to be estrogen-responsive genes. When all vtg subtypes were expressed significantly in the liver, hepatic expression levels of all the er subtypes also increased. Conversely, although plasma E2 concentrations did not change significantly, the concentrations were high at the same time. Hepatic expression levels of all the vtg subtypes were highly correlated with hepatic erα, rather than with hepatic erβ subtypes and plasma E2. A high positive correlation was also observed between erβ1 and β2, which seemed to be highly expressed at the pre- and late-vitellogenic stages. The results of the present study suggest that the transcription of the three vtg subtypes are regulated by three ER subtypes jointly, and ERα is the key transcription factor regulating the three vtg subtypes in yellowtail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mushirobira
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1551-7, Taira-machi, Nagasaki 851-2213, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Niida
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1551-7, Taira-machi, Nagasaki 851-2213, Nagasaki, Japan; Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takurou Hotta
- Goto Station, Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 122-7 Nunoura, Goto 853-0508, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Fujinami
- Goto Station, Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 122-7 Nunoura, Goto 853-0508, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Soyano
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1551-7, Taira-machi, Nagasaki 851-2213, Nagasaki, Japan.
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13
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Chiu YL, Shikina S, Yoshioka Y, Shinzato C, Chang CF. De novo transcriptome assembly from the gonads of a scleractinian coral, Euphyllia ancora: molecular mechanisms underlying scleractinian gametogenesis. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:732. [PMID: 33087060 PMCID: PMC7579821 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual reproduction of scleractinians has captured the attention of researchers and the general public for decades. Although extensive ecological data has been acquired, underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, to better understand mechanisms underlying gametogenesis, we isolated ovaries and testes at different developmental phases from a gonochoric coral, Euphyllia ancora, and adopted a transcriptomic approach to reveal sex- and phase-specific gene expression profiles. In particular, we explored genes associated with oocyte development and maturation, spermiogenesis, sperm motility / capacitation, and fertilization. RESULTS 1.6 billion raw reads were obtained from 24 gonadal samples. De novo assembly of trimmed reads, and elimination of contigs derived from symbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodiniaceae) and other organisms yielded a reference E. ancora gonadal transcriptome of 35,802 contigs. Analysis of 4 developmental phases identified 2023 genes that were differentially expressed during oogenesis and 678 during spermatogenesis. In premature/mature ovaries, 631 genes were specifically upregulated, with 538 in mature testes. Upregulated genes included those involved in gametogenesis, gamete maturation, sperm motility / capacitation, and fertilization in other metazoans, including humans. Meanwhile, a large number of genes without homology to sequences in the SWISS-PROT database were also observed among upregulated genes in premature / mature ovaries and mature testes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that scleractinian gametogenesis shares many molecular characteristics with that of other metazoans, but it also possesses unique characteristics developed during cnidarian and/or scleractinian evolution. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to create a gonadal transcriptome assembly from any scleractinian. This study and associated datasets provide a foundation for future studies regarding gametogenesis and differences between male and female colonies from molecular and cellular perspectives. Furthermore, our transcriptome assembly will be a useful reference for future development of sex-specific and/or stage-specific germ cell markers that can be used in coral aquaculture and ecological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Chiu
- Doctoral Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.,Doctoral Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shinya Shikina
- Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan. .,Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Rd, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Chuya Shinzato
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Rd, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan. .,Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
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14
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Koua ND, Núñez-Rodriguez J, Orjuela J, Zatylny-Gaudin C, Dubos MP, Bernay B, Pontin J, Corre E, Henry J. Identification and structural characterization of the factors involved in vitellogenesis and its regulation in the African Osteoglossiforme of aquacultural interest Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 296:113532. [PMID: 32535172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The African bonytongue (Heterotis niloticus) is an excellent candidate for fish farming because it has outstanding biological characteristics and zootechnical performances. However, the absence of sexual dimorphism does not favor its reproduction in captivity or the understanding of its reproductive behavior. Moreover, no molecular data related to its reproduction is yet available. This study therefore focuses on the structural identification of the different molecular actors of vitellogenesis expressed in the pituitary gland, the liver and the ovary of H. niloticus. A transcriptomic approach based on de novo RNA sequencing of the pituitary gland, ovary and liver of females in vitellogenesis led to the creation of three transcriptomes. In silico analysis of these transcriptomes identified the sequences of pituitary hormones such as prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and their ovarian receptors (PRLR, FSHR, LHR). In the liver and ovary, estrogen receptors (ER) beta and gamma, liver vitellogenins (VtgB and VtgC) and their ovarian receptors (VLDLR) were identified. Finally, the partial transcript of an ovarian Vtg weakly expressed compared to hepatic Vtg was identified based on structural criteria. Moreover, a proteomic approach carried out from mucus revealed the presence of one Vtg exclusively in females in vitellogenesis. In this teleost fish that does not exhibit sexual dimorphism, mucus Vtg could be used as a sexing biomarker based on a non-invasive technique compatible with the implementation of experimental protocols in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N'Zi Daniel Koua
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, CNRS, BOREA, 14000 Caen, France; INP-HB, Département FOREN, BP 1313 Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Céline Zatylny-Gaudin
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, CNRS, BOREA, 14000 Caen, France; Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubos
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, CNRS, BOREA, 14000 Caen, France; Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Bernay
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, SF ICORE, Proteogen Platform, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen, France
| | - Julien Pontin
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, SF ICORE, Proteogen Platform, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, F-29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Joël Henry
- NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, CNRS, BOREA, 14000 Caen, France; Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France.
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15
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Akhavan SR, Falahatkar B, McCormick SPA, Lokman PM. Changes in lipid biology during ovarian development in farmed beluga sturgeon, Huso huso L. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 319:R376-R386. [PMID: 32755464 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00364.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to understand key biochemical, physiological, and molecular changes associated with ovarian growth and with lipid transfer and/or accumulation into the ovary during oogenesis in captive beluga sturgeon. Plasma levels of triacylglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipid, and sex steroid hormones were determined and all were found to increase notably throughout development from the perinucleolar to the tertiary yolk stage. Using fast protein liquid chromatography, we recognized three major lipoprotein peaks in chromatograms from all samples. These peaks were characterized as containing very low-density lipoprotein (Vldl), low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (Ldl/Hdl), and plasma proteins. While Ldl/Hdl represented the most abundant lipoprotein fraction, the relative abundance of different lipoprotein classes did not change with the stage of oogenesis. Eluted lipoproteins were separated using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sequenced. The peptide sequence spectra for 66-kDa, 205-kDa, 29-kDa, and 70-kDa bands matched with albumin, vitellogenin (Vtg) AB2b, immunoglobulin light-chain precursor, and immunoglobulin heavy-chain, respectively. The large amount of albumin in the plasma protein peak and the confined presence of Vtg AB2b to within Ldl/Hdl reinforce the lipoprotein classification. Lastly, transcript levels of genes encoding ovarian lipoprotein lipase (lpl), apolipoprotein E (apoe), very low-density lipoprotein receptors (vldlr), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8-like (lrp8) were estimated using quantitative RT-PCR. The high mRNA levels of lpl, apoe, and lipoprotein receptors vldlr and lrp8 in previtellogenic females suggest that sturgeon oocytes need to be prepared to accept and traffic Vtg and lipids internally, before the start of vitellogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan R Akhavan
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
| | - Sally P A McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - P Mark Lokman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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16
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Molecular approaches underlying the oogenic cycle of the scleractinian coral, Acropora tenuis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9914. [PMID: 32555307 PMCID: PMC7303178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the physiological processes of oogenesis in Acropora tenuis. Genes/proteins related to oogenesis were investigated: Vasa, a germ cell marker, vitellogenin (VG), a major yolk protein precursor, and its receptor (LDLR). Coral branches were collected monthly from coral reefs around Sesoko Island (Okinawa, Japan) for histological observation by in situ hybridisation (ISH) of the Vasa (AtVasa) and Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (AtLDLR) genes and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of AtVasa and AtVG. AtVasa immunoreactivity was detected in germline cells and ooplasm, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was detected in ooplasm and putative ovarian tissues. AtVasa was localised in germline cells located in the retractor muscles of the mesentery, whereas AtLDLR was localised in the putative ovarian and mesentery tissues. AtLDLR was detected in coral tissues during the vitellogenic phase, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was found in primary oocytes. Germline cells expressing AtVasa are present throughout the year. In conclusion, Vasa has physiological and molecular roles throughout the oogenic cycle, as it determines gonadal germline cells and ensures normal oocyte development, whereas the roles of VG and LDLR are limited to the vitellogenic stages because they act in coordination with lipoprotein transport, vitellogenin synthesis, and yolk incorporation into oocytes.
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17
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Gao XM, Zhang DD, Hou CC, Du C, Luo SY, Zhu JQ. Developmental and mRNA transcript relative abundance pattern of vitellogenin receptors, LR8-/Lrp13, during ovarian development in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 213:106271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Identification and stable expression of vitellogenin receptor through vitellogenesis in the European eel. Animal 2020; 14:1213-1222. [PMID: 31971122 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119003355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In teleosts, vitellogenin (Vtg) is a phospholipoglycoprotein synthesized by the liver, released into the blood circulation and incorporated into the oocytes via endocytosis mediated by the Vtg receptor (VTGR) to form the yolk granules. The VTGR is crucial for oocyte growth in egg-laying animals but is also present in non-oviparous vertebrates, such as human. The VTGR belongs to the low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily (LDLR) and is also named very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). In this study, we identified and phylogenetically positioned the VTGR of a basal teleost, the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. We developed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and investigated the tissue distribution of vtgr transcripts. We compared by qRT-PCR the ovarian expression levels of vtgr in juvenile yellow eels and pre-pubertal silver eels. We also analyzed the regulation of ovarian vtgr expression throughout vitellogenesis in experimentally matured eels. The Vtg plasma level was measured by homologous ELISA experimental maturation. Our in silico search and phylogenetical analysis revealed a single vtgr in the European eel, orthologous to other vertebrate vtgr. The qRT-PCR studies revealed that vtgr is mainly expressed in the ovary and also detected in various other tissues such as brain, pituitary, gill, fat, heart, and testis, suggesting some extra-ovarian functions of VTGR. We showed that vtgr is expressed in ovaries of juvenile yellow eels with no higher expression in pre-pubertal silver eels nor in experimentally matured eels. This suggests that vtgr transcription already occurs during early pre-vitellogenesis of immature eels and is not further activated in vitellogenic oocytes. European eel Vtg plasma level increased throughout experimental maturation in agreement with previous studies. Taken together, these results suggest that vtgr transcript levels may not be a limiting step for the uptake of Vtg by the oocyte in the European eel.
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19
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Elkatatny NM, El Nahas AF, Helal MA, Fahmy HA, Tanekhy M. The impacts of seasonal variation on the immune status of Nile tilapia larvae and their response to different immunostimulants feed additives. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:270-278. [PMID: 31830565 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Few data are available on the thermal tolerance of Nile tilapia fish larvae in relation to their immune status and survival. The aims of this work were to evaluate the immune status of one day old Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larval stage collected at the beginning (March), middle (August) and at the end (October) of hatching season through morphometric assessment of the larvae parameters including yolk sac diameter, body length and width as well as the expression of some immune-related genes (rag, sacs and tlr), inflammatory (il1b and il8) and stress related genes (hsp27, hsp70). Also, to compare the effect of three different immunostimulants (β-glucan, Vitamin C, and methionine/lysine amino acids mix) on the expression of the studied genes at two variant temperatures (23 ± 1 °C and 30 ± 1 °C) in experimental study for 21 days. The immune status of Nile tilapia is affected by thermal fluctuation throughout the hatching season reflected by altered yolk sac size, length, and expression of the immune and stress related genes of the larvae, the best performances was observed at the beginning of the hatching season (March). High temperature (30 °C) suppress immune and stress responses throughout downregulation of all the genes under study, mask any effects for the immunostimulants, increased mortality in fish larvae suggesting narrow thermal tolerance range for the larvae compared with the adult fish. We recommend the use of amino acid mix as immunostimulant for Nile tilapia larvae, it reduces the mortality percentage and improve cellular response. Also, the use of β-glucan should be prohibited during this developmental stage of larvae, it induced the highest mortality percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasema M Elkatatny
- Biotechnology Department, Animal Health Research Institute kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Abeer F El Nahas
- Genetics Lab., Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Helal
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Fahmy
- Biotechnology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, El Dokki Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Tanekhy
- Department of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
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20
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Pousis C, Rodríguez C, De Ruvo P, De Virgilio C, Pérez JA, Mylonas CC, Zupa R, Passantino L, Santamaria N, Valentini L, Corriero A. Vitellogenin receptor and fatty acid profiles of individual lipid classes of oocytes from wild and captive-reared greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) during the reproductive cycle. Theriogenology 2019; 140:73-83. [PMID: 31465910 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The greater amberjack Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810) is a large migratory pelagic fish occurring in tropical and temperate waters with a great potential for the world aquaculture industry. Previous studies showed that wild-caught female greater amberjack reared in sea cages and handled during the reproductive season, underwent extensive ovarian atresia. This atresia, however, was not related to an insufficient liver transcription or oocyte uptake of vitellogenin (Vtg). In the present study, the structure of two greater amberjack vitellogenin receptors, namely Vtgr (Lr8-) and Lrp13, was characterized. Moreover, vtgr and lrp13 gene expression and the fatty acid profiles of specific phospholipids and neutral lipids were compared in the ovaries of wild and captive-reared greater amberjack during different phases of the reproductive cycle (i.e. early gametogenesis, advanced gametogenesis and spawning). Ovarian vtgr and lrp13 transcription was more active during early gametogenesis, suggesting that vitellogenin receptor transcripts were synthesized by previtellogenic oocytes and remained in the cellular mRNA pool until oocytes resumed meiosis and entered into secondary growth (i.e. vitellogenesis). Rearing of wild-caught greater amberjack in captivity together with handling during the reproductive season was associated with a reduced vtgr and lrp13 transcription and with a diminished capacity of oocytes in the early phase of gametogenesis (primary oocyte growth) to enter into vitellogenesis. During early gametogenesis, remarkable differences in the fatty acid composition were observed between wild and captive-reared individuals: all phospholipids of captive fish displayed dramatic increases of saturates (16:0 and 18:0) and decreases of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The present study confirms the susceptibility of greater amberjack reproductive function to handling stress and suggests that the consequent extensive atresia of vitellogenic follicles originated during the primary oocytes growth when the capacity of oocytes to synthesize vitellogenin receptors was reduced. The study also suggests that this reduced capacity was associated with an altered oocyte phospholipid fatty acid composition during early gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalentinos Pousis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Covadonga Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38071, Spain
| | - Pasquale De Ruvo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4-70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina De Virgilio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4-70124, Bari, Italy
| | - José A Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38071, Spain
| | - Constantinos C Mylonas
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Rosa Zupa
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Letizia Passantino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Santamaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Valentini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Aldo Corriero
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km. 3, I-70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
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21
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Gioacchini G, Marisaldi L, Basili D, Candelma M, Pignalosa P, Aiese Cigliano R, Sanseverino W, Hardiman G, Carnevali O. A de novo transcriptome assembly approach elucidates the dynamics of ovarian maturation in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius). Sci Rep 2019; 9:7375. [PMID: 31089194 PMCID: PMC6517582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius) has been recently classified as overfished and in 2016, the International Commission for the Conservation of the Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) established a multi-annual management plan to recover this stock. To successfully achieve this goal, knowledge about swordfish biology is needed. To date, few studies on swordfish have been performed and none of them has provided useful insights into the reproductive biology at molecular level. Here we set to characterise the molecular dynamics underlying ovarian maturation by employing a de novo transcriptome assembly approach. Differential gene expression analysis in mature and immature ovaries identified a number of differentially expressed genes associated with biological processes driving ovarian maturation. Focusing on ovarian steroidogenesis and vitellogenin uptake, we depict the molecular dynamics characterizing these processes while a phylogenetic analysis let us identify a candidate vitellogenin receptor. This is the first swordfish transcriptome assembly and these findings provide in-depth understanding of molecular processes describing ovarian maturation. Moreover, the establishment of a publicly available database containing information on the swordfish transcriptome aims to boost research on this species with the long-term of developing more comprehensive and successful stock management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Gioacchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Marisaldi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Danilo Basili
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michela Candelma
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gary Hardiman
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BT9 5AG, Belfast, UK
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), 60131, Ancona, Italy.
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22
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Xue R, Wang X, Xu S, Liu Y, Feng C, Zhao C, Liu Q, Li J. Expression profile and localization of vitellogenin mRNA and protein during ovarian development in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 226:53-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Oogenesis and Egg Quality in Finfish: Yolk Formation and Other Factors Influencing Female Fertility. FISHES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes3040045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Egg quality in fishes has been a topic of research in aquaculture and fisheries for decades as it represents an important life history trait and is critical for captive propagation and successful recruitment. A major factor influencing egg quality is proper yolk formation, as most fishes are oviparous and the developing offspring are entirely dependent on stored egg yolk for nutritional sustenance. These maternally derived nutrients consist of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and ions that are transported from the liver to the ovary by lipoprotein particles including vitellogenins. The yolk composition may be influenced by broodstock diet, husbandry, and other intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. In addition, a number of other maternal factors that may influence egg quality also are stored in eggs, such as gene transcripts, that direct early embryonic development. Dysfunctional regulation of gene or protein expression may lead to poor quality eggs and failure to thrive within hours of fertilization. These gene transcripts may provide important markers as their expression levels may be used to screen broodstock for potential spawning success. In addition to such intrinsic factors, stress may lead to ovarian atresia or reproductive failure and can impact fish behavior, fecundity, and ovulation rate. Finally, postovulatory aging may occur when eggs become overripe and the fish fails to spawn in a timely fashion, leading to low fertility, often encountered during manual strip spawning of fish.
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24
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Mushirobira Y, Nishimiya O, Nagata J, Todo T, Hara A, Reading BJ, Hiramatsu N. Molecular cloning of vitellogenin gene promoters and in vitro and in vivo transcription profiles following estradiol-17β administration in the cutthroat trout. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 267:157-166. [PMID: 29966659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcription of vitellogenin (vtg) genes are initiated when estradiol-17β (E2)-estrogen receptor (ER) complexes bind estrogen response elements (ERE) located in the gene promoter region. Transcriptional regulation of dual vtg subtypes (major salmonid A-type vtg: vtgAs; minor C-type vtg: vtgC) by E2 was investigated under co-expression of a potential major transcriptional factor, erα1, in cutthroat trout. Two forms of trout vtgAs promoters (1 and 2) and one vtgC promoter were sequenced. These promoters structurally differ based on the number of EREs present. The vtgAs promoter 1 exhibited the highest maximal transcriptional activity by in vitro gene reporter assays. The concentration of E2 that induces 50% of gene reporter activity (half-maximal effective concentrations, EC50) was similar among all vtg promoters and also to the EC50 of E2 administered to induce vtg transcription in vivo. This study revealed a difference in transcriptional properties of multiple vtg promoters for the first time in a salmonid species, providing the basis to understand mechanisms underlying regulation of vitellogenesis via dual vtg gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mushirobira
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Osamu Nishimiya
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Jun Nagata
- Division of Marine Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Todo
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Akihiko Hara
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Benjamin J Reading
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, United States
| | - Naoshi Hiramatsu
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
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25
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Wang N, Wang R, Hu Q, Xu W, Zhu Y, Yan F, Chen S. Characterization of a low-density lipoprotein receptor, Lrp13, in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1289-1298. [PMID: 28741124 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an important economic marine species cultured in China, Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) has interested us due to its sexual dimorphism and ZW/ZZ sex determination system. In a previous study, dmrt1 was identified as a dosage-dependent male-determining gene. In the present study, a female-specific expressed gene, cse0440, initially annotated as lrp1b-like, was identified from chromosome W of C. semilaevis. In view of the differences between cse0440 and lrp1b in terms of expression pattern, a phylogenetic analysis containing 85 LRP proteins was constructed and provided an evidence to re-annotate cse0440 as cseLRP13. In addition, two orthologues of cseLRP13 were separately identified from W and Z chromosomes: cseLRP13-W and cseLRP13-Z. The subsequent multiple sequence alignment and syntenic arrangements of LRP13 in C. semilaevis, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), white perch (Morone americana) and Fugu rubripes (Takifugu rubripes) further supported this re-annotation. RT-PCR and in situ hybridization revealed that cselrp13 was exclusively expressed in the oocytes and follicles of ovaries. These results suggested that lrp13 may play important roles in female reproduction. In future, with the advancement of micromanipulation in flatfish, the detailed function of two lrp13 orthologues in C. semilaevis will be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
| | - Ruoqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qiaomu Hu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Wenteng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266104, China
| | - Songlin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
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26
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Andersen Ø, Xu C, Timmerhaus G, Kirste KH, Naeve I, Mommens M, Tveiten H. Resolving the complexity of vitellogenins and their receptors in the tetraploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar
): Ancient origin of the phosvitin-less VtgC in chondrichthyean fishes. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1191-1202. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Øivind Andersen
- Nofima AS; Ås Norway
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences; Norwegian University of Life Sciences; Ås Norway
| | - Chunxia Xu
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences; Norwegian University of Life Sciences; Ås Norway
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27
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Ovarian expression and localization of clathrin (Cltc) components in cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki: Evidence for Cltc involvement in endocytosis of vitellogenin during oocyte growth. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 212:24-34. [PMID: 28687414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate potential involvement of clathrin in endocytosis of vitellogenin (Vtg) by teleost oocytes, cDNAs encoding clathrin heavy chain (cltc) were cloned from ovaries of cutthroat trout. Quantitative PCR revealed three types of cltc (cltc-a1, cltc-a2, cltc-b) to be expressed in 10 different tissues including the ovary. The cltc-a1 alone exhibited a significant decrease in ovarian expression during vitellogenesis; this was correlated with a corresponding decrease in transcripts encoding the major Vtg receptor (Vtgr). No development-related changes in ovarian cltc-a2 or cltc-b transcript levels were observed. In situ hybridization revealed a strong ctlc signal in pre-vitellogenic oocytes, but not in vitellogenic oocytes. Western blotting using a rabbit antiserum (a-Cltc) raised against a recombinant Cltc preparation detected a polypeptide band with an apparent mass of ~170kDa in vitellogenic ovary extracts. Immunohistochemistry using a-Cltc revealed Cltc to be uniformly distributed throughout the ooplasm of perinucleolus stage oocytes, translocated to the periphery of lipid droplet stage oocytes, and localized to the oolemma during vitellogenesis. These patterns of cltc/Cltc distribution and abundance during oogenesis, which are identical to those previously reported for vtgr/Vtgr in this species, constitute the first empirical evidence that cltc-a1/Cltc-a1 is involved in Vtg endocytosis via the Vtgr in teleost fish.
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28
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Gao Z, Qu B, Ma Z, Jiao D, Ji G, Zhang S. Identification and functional characterization of a novel member of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)-like family in amphioxus. Gene 2017; 618:42-48. [PMID: 28400271 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) is a group of important endocytic receptors contributing to binding ligands and maintaining internal environment. In this study, we identified a soluble LRP-like molecule in the amphioxus B. japonicum, BjLRP, with an uncharacterized domain structure combination of LY-EGF-CRD-EGF-CRD. It was mainly expressed in the gill, muscle, notochord and testis, and was significantly up-regulated following the challenge with bacteria. Recombinant BjLRP was capable of interacting with both Gram-negative and positive bacteria as well as PAMPs including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN). Interestingly, recombinant LY peptide was also able to bind to the Gram-negative and positive bacteria as well as the PAMPs LPS, LTA and PGN. By contrast, none of recombinant EGF1, EGF2, CRD1 and CRD2 had affinity to the bacteria and the PAMPs. In addition, BjLRPΔLY had no affinity to the PAMPs, although BjLRPΔLY showed slight affinity to the bacteria. These suggest that the interaction of BjLRP with the bacteria and PAMPs was primarily attributable to the LY domain. It is clear that BjLRP is a novel pattern recognition protein capable of identifying and interacting with invading bacteria in amphioxus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Gao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Baozhen Qu
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zengyu Ma
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Deyan Jiao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guangdong Ji
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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29
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Salger SA, Reading BJ, Noga EJ. Tissue localization of piscidin host-defense peptides during striped bass (Morone saxatilis) development. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 61:173-180. [PMID: 28034834 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major cause of larval mortality in finfish aquaculture. Understanding ontogeny of the fish immune system and thus developmental timing of protective immune tissues and cells, may help to decrease serious losses of larval fishes when they are particularly vulnerable to infection. One component of the innate immune system of fishes is the host-defense peptides, which include the piscidins. Piscidins are small, amphipathic, α-helical peptides with a broad-spectrum of action against viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan pathogens. We describe for the first time the cellular and tissue localization of three different piscidins (1, 3, and 4) during striped bass (Morone saxatilis) larval ontogeny using immunofluorescent histochemistry. From 16 days post hatch to 12 months of age, piscidin staining was observed in cells of the epithelial tissues of gill, digestive tract, and skin, mainly in mast cells. Staining was also seen in presumptive hematopoietic cells in the head kidney. The three piscidins showed variable cellular and tissue staining patterns, possibly relating to differences in tissue susceptibility or pathogen specificity. This furthers our observation that the piscidins are not a monolithic family of antimicrobials, but that different AMPs have different (more specialized) functions. Furthermore, no immunofluorescent staining of piscidins was observed in post-vitellogenic oocytes, embryos, or larvae from hatch to 14 days post hatch, indicating that this critical component of the innate immune system is inactive in pre-hatch and young larval striped bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Salger
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
| | - Benjamin J Reading
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Edward J Noga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
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30
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Schilling J, Loziuk PL, Muddiman DC, Daniels HV, Reading BJ. Mechanisms of Egg Yolk Formation and Implications on Early Life History of White Perch (Morone americana). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143225. [PMID: 26580971 PMCID: PMC4651544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The three white perch (Morone americana) vitellogenins (VtgAa, VtgAb, VtgC) were quantified accurately and precisely in the liver, plasma, and ovary during pre-, early-, mid-, and post-vitellogenic oocyte growth using protein cleavage-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (PC-IDMS). Western blotting generally mirrored the PC-IDMS results. By PC-IDMS, VtgC was quantifiable in pre-vitellogenic ovary tissues and VtgAb was quantifiable in pre-vitellogenic liver tissues however, neither protein was detected by western blotting in these respective tissues at this time point. Immunohistochemistry indicated that VtgC was present within pre-vitellogenic oocytes and localized to lipid droplets within vitellogenic oocytes. Affinity purification coupled to tandem mass spectrometry using highly purified VtgC as a bait protein revealed a single specific interacting protein (Y-box binding protein 2a-like [Ybx2a-like]) that eluted with suramin buffer and confirmed that VtgC does not bind the ovary vitellogenin receptors (LR8 and Lrp13). Western blotting for LR8 and Lrp13 showed that both receptors were expressed during vitellogenesis with LR8 and Lrp13 expression highest in early- and mid-vitellogenesis, respectively. The VtgAa within the ovary peaked during post-vitellogenesis, while VtgAb peaked during early-vitellogenesis in both white perch and the closely related striped bass (M. saxatilis). The VtgC was steadily accumulated by oocytes beginning during pre-vitellogenesis and continued until post-vitellogenesis and its composition varies widely between striped bass and white perch. In striped bass, the VtgC accounted for 26% of the vitellogenin-derived egg yolk, however in the white perch it comprised only 4%. Striped bass larvae have an extended developmental window and these larvae have yolk stores that may enable them to survive in the absence of food for twice as long as white perch after hatch. Thus, the VtgC may play an integral role in providing nutrients to late stage fish larvae prior to the onset of exogenous feeding and its composition in the egg yolk may relate to different early life histories among this diverse group of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Schilling
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Philip L. Loziuk
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David C. Muddiman
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harry V. Daniels
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Reading
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Sun C, Zhang S. Immune-Relevant and Antioxidant Activities of Vitellogenin and Yolk Proteins in Fish. Nutrients 2015. [PMID: 26506386 DOI: 10.3390/nu710543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vtg), the major egg yolk precursor protein, is traditionally thought to provide protein- and lipid-rich nutrients for developing embryos and larvae. However, the roles of Vtg as well as its derived yolk proteins lipovitellin (Lv) and phosvitin (Pv) extend beyond nutritional functions. Accumulating data have demonstrated that Vtg, Lv and Pv participate in host innate immune defense with multifaceted functions. They can all act as multivalent pattern recognition receptors capable of identifying invading microbes. Vtg and Pv can also act as immune effectors capable of killing bacteria and virus. Moreover, Vtg and Lv are shown to possess phagocytosis-promoting activity as opsonins. In addition to these immune-relevant functions, Vtg and Pv are found to have antioxidant activity, which is able to protect the host from oxidant stress. These non-nutritional functions clearly deepen our understanding of the physiological roles of the molecules, and at the same time, provide a sound basis for potential application of the molecules in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sun
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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32
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Sun C, Zhang S. Immune-Relevant and Antioxidant Activities of Vitellogenin and Yolk Proteins in Fish. Nutrients 2015; 7:8818-29. [PMID: 26506386 PMCID: PMC4632452 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vtg), the major egg yolk precursor protein, is traditionally thought to provide protein- and lipid-rich nutrients for developing embryos and larvae. However, the roles of Vtg as well as its derived yolk proteins lipovitellin (Lv) and phosvitin (Pv) extend beyond nutritional functions. Accumulating data have demonstrated that Vtg, Lv and Pv participate in host innate immune defense with multifaceted functions. They can all act as multivalent pattern recognition receptors capable of identifying invading microbes. Vtg and Pv can also act as immune effectors capable of killing bacteria and virus. Moreover, Vtg and Lv are shown to possess phagocytosis-promoting activity as opsonins. In addition to these immune-relevant functions, Vtg and Pv are found to have antioxidant activity, which is able to protect the host from oxidant stress. These non-nutritional functions clearly deepen our understanding of the physiological roles of the molecules, and at the same time, provide a sound basis for potential application of the molecules in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sun
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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33
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Mushirobira Y, Mizuta H, Luo W, Todo T, Hara A, Reading BJ, Sullivan CV, Hiramatsu N. Molecular cloning and partial characterization of a low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 13 (Lrp13) involved in vitellogenin uptake in the cutthroat trout (
Oncorhynchus clarki
). Mol Reprod Dev 2015; 82:986-1000. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mushirobira
- Graduate School of Fisheries SciencesHokkaido UniversityHakodateJapan
| | - Hiroko Mizuta
- Graduate School of Fisheries SciencesHokkaido UniversityHakodateJapan
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Graduate School of Fisheries SciencesHokkaido UniversityHakodateJapan
| | - Takashi Todo
- Faculty of Fisheries SciencesHokkaido UniversityHakodateJapan
| | - Akihiko Hara
- Faculty of Fisheries SciencesHokkaido UniversityHakodateJapan
| | - Benjamin J. Reading
- Department of Applied EcologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina
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Hiramatsu N, Todo T, Sullivan CV, Schilling J, Reading BJ, Matsubara T, Ryu YW, Mizuta H, Luo W, Nishimiya O, Wu M, Mushirobira Y, Yilmaz O, Hara A. Ovarian yolk formation in fishes: Molecular mechanisms underlying formation of lipid droplets and vitellogenin-derived yolk proteins. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 221:9-15. [PMID: 25660470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fish egg yolk is largely derived from vitellogenins, which are synthesized in the liver, taken up from the maternal circulation by growing oocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis and enzymatically processed into yolk proteins that are stored in the ooplasm. Lipid droplets are another major component of fish egg yolk, and these are mainly composed of neutral lipids that may originate from maternal plasma lipoproteins. This review aims to briefly summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying yolk formation in fishes. A hypothetical model of oocyte growth is proposed based on recent advances in our knowledge of fish yolk formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Hiramatsu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Takashi Todo
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | | | - Justin Schilling
- Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA; Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA(1)
| | - Benjamin J Reading
- Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA; Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA(1)
| | - Takahiro Matsubara
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Ainan, Ehime 798-4206, Japan
| | - Yong-Woon Ryu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan; South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Ainan, Ehime 798-4206, Japan
| | - Hiroko Mizuta
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan; Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima 411-8540, Japan(1)
| | - Osamu Nishimiya
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Meiqin Wu
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Yuji Mushirobira
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Ozlem Yilmaz
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Akihiko Hara
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
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Yilmaz O, Prat F, Ibañez AJ, Amano H, Koksoy S, Sullivan CV. Estrogen-induced yolk precursors in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax: Status and perspectives on multiplicity and functioning of vitellogenins. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 221:16-22. [PMID: 25637672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The estrogen-inducible egg yolk precursor, vitellogenin, of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) has received considerable scientific attention by virtue of its central importance in determination of oocyte growth and egg quality in this important aquaculture species. However, the multiplicity of vitellogenins in the sea bass has only recently been examined. Recent cloning and homology analyses have revealed that the sea bass possesses the three forms of vitellogenin, VtgAa, VtgAb and VtgC, reported to occur in some other highly evolved teleosts. Progress has been made in assessing the relative abundance and special structural features of the three Vtgs and their likely roles in oocyte maturation and embryonic nutrition. This report discusses these findings in the context of our prior knowledge of vitellogenesis in this species and of the latest advances in our understanding of the evolution and function of multiple Vtgs in acanthomorph fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yilmaz
- Akdeniz University, Fisheries Faculty, Antalya 07070, Turkey; National Institute of Agrinomic Research, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes Cedex, France(1).
| | - Francisco Prat
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), 11510 Cádiz, Spain(1)
| | - Antonio José Ibañez
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain; Electron and Confocal Microscopy Service, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain(1)
| | - Haruna Amano
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Sadi Koksoy
- Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | - Craig V Sullivan
- Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA; Carolina AquaGyn, P.O. Box 12914, Raleigh, NC 27605, USA(1)
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Damsteegt EL, Falahatimarvast A, McCormick SPA, Lokman PM. Triacylglyceride physiology in the short-finned eel, Anguilla australis—changes throughout early oogenesis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 308:R935-44. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00436.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During certain stages in an animal's life cycle, energy requirements may exceed energy intake from the diet. The spawning migration of temperate eels is a textbook example of negative energy balance, forcing these fish to rely on stored fats (triacylglycerides) to provide their muscles with energy for swimming and their growing oocytes with the nutrients needed to develop and support healthy offspring. We predicted broad implications of this great need for endogenous triacylglycerides in terms of their packaging, transport, and ovarian uptake. To test this, serum lipid concentrations and transcript abundances of intestinal and hepatic triacylglyceride packagers and ovarian triacylglyceride modifiers and receivers were investigated throughout previtellogenesis (feeding phase) and into early vitellogenesis (fasting phase) in short-finned eels. A switch from exogenous to endogenous triacylglyceride packaging was seen as the liver upregulated transcript levels of apolipoprotein B and microsomal triacylglyceride transport protein and downregulated those of apolipoprotein E and lipoprotein lipase. In the intestine, the reverse response was observed. Furthermore, ovarian transcript abundances of triacylglyceride modifiers and receivers increased (apolipoprotein E, lipoprotein lipase, and vitellogenin receptor), indicative of increased triacylglyceride uptake during previtellogenesis. We propose that increased hepatic apolipoprotein B production is a conserved vertebrate response to prolonged periods of negative energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Damsteegt
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and
| | | | - Sally P. A. McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - P. Mark Lokman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and
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Molecular characterization of vitellogenin and its receptor genes from citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4759-73. [PMID: 25739087 PMCID: PMC4394447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16034759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The production and uptake of yolk protein play an important role in the reproduction of all oviparous organisms. Vitellogenin (Vg) is the precursor of vitellin (Vn), which is the major egg storage protein, and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is a necessary protein for the uptake of Vg into developing oocytes. In this paper, we characterize the full-length Vg and VgR, PcVg1 and PcVgR, respectively, of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (McGregor). The PcVg1 cDNA is 5748 nucleotides (nt) with a 5553-nt open reading frame (ORF) coding for 1851 amino acids (aa), and the PcVgR is 6090 nt, containing an intact ORF of 5673 nt coding an expected protein of 1891 aa. The PcVg1 aa sequence shows a typical GLCG domain and several K/RXXR cleavage sites, and PcVgR comprises two ligand-binding domains, two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like regions containing YWTD motifs, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. An analysis of the aa sequences and phylogenetics implied that both genes were genetically distinct from those of ticks and insects. The transcriptional profiles determined by real-time quantitative PCR in different developmental stages showed that both genes present the same expressional tendencies in eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults. This suggested that the biosynthesis and uptake of PcVg occurs coordinately. The strong reproductive capacity of P. citri has been hypothesized as an important factor in its resistance; consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating Vg and VgR are fundamental for mite control.
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Schlegel A, Gut P. Metabolic insights from zebrafish genetics, physiology, and chemical biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2249-60. [PMID: 25556679 PMCID: PMC4439526 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases—atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease––have reached pandemic proportions. Across gene, cell, organ, organism, and social-environmental scales, fundamental discoveries of the derangements that occur in these diseases are required to develop effective new treatments. Here we will review genetic, physiological, pathological and chemical biological discoveries in the emerging zebrafish model for studying metabolism and metabolic diseases. We present a synthesis of recent studies using forward and reverse genetic tools to make new contributions to our understanding of lipid trafficking, diabetes pathogenesis and complications, and to β-cell biology. The technical and physiological advantages and the pharmacological potential of this organism for discovery and validation of metabolic disease targets are stressed by our summary of recent findings. We conclude by arguing that metabolic research using zebrafish will benefit from adoption of conventional blood and tissue metabolite measurements, employment of modern imaging techniques, and development of more rigorous metabolic flux methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Schlegel
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 15 North 2030 East, Room 3240B, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA,
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