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Huang SSY, Benskin JP, Veldhoen N, Chandramouli B, Butler H, Helbing CC, Cosgrove JR. A multi-omic approach to elucidate low-dose effects of xenobiotics in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:102-112. [PMID: 27886581 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory-approved toxicity assays such as the OECD Fish Embryo Toxicity Assay (TG236) allow correlation of chemical exposure to adverse morphological phenotypes. However, these assays are ineffective in assessing sub-lethal (i.e. low-dose) effects, or differentiating between similar phenotypes induced by different chemicals. Inclusion of multi-omic analyses in studies investigating xenobiotic action provides improved characterization of biological response, thereby enhancing prediction of toxicological outcomes in whole animals in the absence of morphological effects. In the current study, we assessed perturbations in both the metabolome and transcriptome of zebrafish (Danio rerio; ZF) larvae exposed from 96 to 120h post fertilization to environmental concentrations of acetaminophen (APAP), diphenhydramine (DH), carbamazepine (CBZ), and fluoxetine (FLX); common pharmaceuticals with known mechanisms of action. Multi-omic responses were evaluated independently and integrated to identify molecular interactions and biological relevance of the responses. Results indicated chemical- and dose-specific changes suggesting differences in the time scale of transcript abundance and metabolite production. Increased impact on the metabolome relative to the transcriptome in FLX-treated animals suggests a stronger post-translational effect of the treatment. In contrast, the transcriptome showed higher sensitivity to perturbation in DH-exposed animals. Integration of 'omic' responses using multivariate approaches provided additional insights not obtained by independent 'omic' analyses and demonstrated that the most distinct overall response profiles were induced following low-dose exposure for all 4 pharmaceuticals. Importantly, changes in transcript abundance corroborated with predictions from metabolomic enrichment analyses and the identified perturbed biological pathways aligned with known xenobiotic mechanisms of action. This work demonstrates that a multi-omic toxicological approach, coupled with a sensitive animal model such as ZF larvae, can help characterize the toxicological relevance of acute low-dose chemical exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie S Y Huang
- SGS AXYS, Sidney, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nik Veldhoen
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Caren C Helbing
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Differential and converging molecular mechanisms of antidepressants' action in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:338-49. [PMID: 25035085 PMCID: PMC4443946 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is a highly prevalent, multidimensional disorder. Although several classes of antidepressants (ADs) are currently available, treatment efficacy is limited, and relapse rates are high; thus, there is a need to find better therapeutic strategies. Neuroplastic changes in brain regions such as the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) accompany depression and its amelioration with ADs. In this study, the unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS) rat model of depression was used to determine the molecular mediators of chronic stress and the targets of four ADs with different pharmacological profiles (fluoxetine, imipramine, tianeptine, and agomelatine) in the hippocampal DG. All ADs, except agomelatine, reversed the depression-like behavior and neuroplastic changes produced by uCMS. Chronic stress induced significant molecular changes that were generally reversed by fluoxetine, imipramine, and tianeptine. Fluoxetine primarily acted on neurons to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory response genes and increased a set of genes involved in cell metabolism. Similarities were found between the molecular actions and targets of imipramine and tianeptine that activated pathways related to cellular protection. Agomelatine presented a unique profile, with pronounced effects on genes related to Rho-GTPase-related pathways in oligodendrocytes and neurons. These differential molecular signatures of ADs studied contribute to our understanding of the processes implicated in the onset and treatment of depression-like symptoms.
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Antidepressant-dependent mRNA changes in mouse associated with hippocampal neurogenesis in a mouse model of depression. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2012; 22:765-76. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e328356fa90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Gąska M, Kuśmider M, Solich J, Faron-Górecka A, Krawczyk MJ, Kułakowski K, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Analysis of region-specific changes in gene expression upon treatment with citalopram and desipramine reveals temporal dynamics in response to antidepressant drugs at the transcriptome level. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 223:281-97. [PMID: 22547330 PMCID: PMC3438400 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The notion that the onset of action of antidepressant drugs (ADs) takes weeks is widely accepted; however, the sequence of events necessary for therapeutic effects still remains obscure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate a time-course of ADs-induced alterations in the expression of 95 selected genes in 4 regions of the rat brain: the prefrontal and cingulate cortices, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and the amygdala. METHODS We employed RT-PCR array to evaluate changes during a time-course (1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days) of treatments with desipramine (DMI) and citalopram (CIT). In addition to repeated treatment, we also conducted acute treatment (a single dose of drug followed by the same time intervals as the repeated doses). RESULTS Time-dependent and structure-specific changes in gene expression patterns allowed us to identify spatiotemporal differences in the molecular action of two ADs. Singular value decomposition analysis revealed differences in the global gene expression profiles between treatment types. The numbers of characteristic modes were generally smaller after CIT treatment than after DMI treatment. Analysis of the dynamics of gene expression revealed that the most significant changes concerned immediate early genes, whose expression was also visualized by in situ hybridization. Transcription factor binding site analysis revealed an over-representation of serum response factor binding sites in the promoters of genes that changed upon treatment with both ADs. CONCLUSIONS The observed gene expression patterns were highly dynamic, with oscillations and peaks at various time points of treatment. Our study also revealed novel potential targets of antidepressant action, i.e., Dbp and Id1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gąska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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Benton CS, Miller BH, Skwerer S, Suzuki O, Schultz LE, Cameron MD, Marron JS, Pletcher MT, Wiltshire T. Evaluating genetic markers and neurobiochemical analytes for fluoxetine response using a panel of mouse inbred strains. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 221:297-315. [PMID: 22113448 PMCID: PMC3337404 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Identification of biomarkers that establish diagnosis or treatment response is critical to the advancement of research and management of patients with depression. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to identify biomarkers that can potentially assess fluoxetine response and risk to poor treatment outcome. METHODS We measured behavior, gene expression, and the levels of 36 neurobiochemical analytes across a panel of genetically diverse mouse inbred lines after chronic treatment with water or fluoxetine. RESULTS Glyoxylase 1 (GLO1) and guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1 (GNB1) mostly account for baseline anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior, indicating a common biological link between depression and anxiety. Fluoxetine-induced biochemical alterations discriminated positive responders, while baseline neurobiochemical differences differentiated negative responders (p < 0.006). Results show that glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 beta protein, GLO1, and histone deacetylase 5 contributed most to fluoxetine response. These proteins are linked within a cellular growth/proliferation pathway, suggesting the involvement of cellular genesis in fluoxetine response. Furthermore, a candidate genetic locus that associates with baseline depressive-like behavior contains a gene that encodes for cellular proliferation/adhesion molecule (Cadm1), supporting a genetic basis for the role of neuro/gliogenesis in depression. CONCLUSION We provided a comprehensive analysis of behavioral, neurobiochemical, and transcriptome data across 30 mouse inbred strains that has not been accomplished before. We identified biomarkers that influence fluoxetine response, which, altogether, implicate the importance of cellular genesis in fluoxetine treatment. More broadly, this approach can be used to assess a wide range of drug response phenotypes that are challenging to address in human samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina S. Benton
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Genetic Medicine Building, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Brooke H. Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Sean Skwerer
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Oscar Suzuki
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Genetic Medicine Building, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Laura E. Schultz
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Michael D. Cameron
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - J. S. Marron
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Mathew T. Pletcher
- Orphan and Genetic Diseases Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA
| | - Tim Wiltshire
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Genetic Medicine Building, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
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Surget A, Wang Y, Leman S, Ibarguen-Vargas Y, Edgar N, Griebel G, Belzung C, Sibille E. Corticolimbic transcriptome changes are state-dependent and region-specific in a rodent model of depression and of antidepressant reversal. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009; 34:1363-80. [PMID: 18536703 PMCID: PMC2669699 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2008.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene microarrays may enable the elucidation of neurobiological changes underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of major depression. However, previous studies of antidepressant treatments were performed in healthy normal rather than 'depressed' animals. Since antidepressants are devoid of mood-changing effects in normal individuals, the clinically relevant rodent transcriptional changes could remain undetected. We investigated antidepressant-related transcriptome changes in a corticolimbic network of mood regulation in the context of the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), a naturalistic model of depression based on socio-environmental stressors. Mice subjected to a 7-week UCMS displayed a progressive coat state deterioration, reduced weight gain, and increased agonistic and emotion-related behaviors. Chronic administration of an effective (fluoxetine) or putative antidepressant (corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF1) antagonist, SSR125543) reversed all physical and behavioral effects. Changes in gene expression differed among cingulate cortex (CC), amygdala (AMY) and dentate gyrus (DG) and were extensively reversed by both drugs in CC and AMY, and to a lesser extent in DG. Fluoxetine and SSR125543 also induced additional and very similar molecular profiles in UCMS-treated mice, but the effects of the same drug differed considerably between control and UCMS states. These studies established on a large-scale that the molecular impacts of antidepressants are region-specific and state-dependent, revealed common transcriptional changes downstream from different antidepressant treatments and supported CRF1 targeting as an effective therapeutic strategy. Correlations between UCMS, drug treatments, and gene expression suggest distinct AMY neuronal and oligodendrocyte molecular phenotypes as candidate systems for mood regulation and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Surget
- U930 FRE CNRS 2448, INSERM and Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Leman
- U930 FRE CNRS 2448, INSERM and Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | - Nicole Edgar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Center For Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guy Griebel
- CNS Research Department, Sanofi-Aventis, Bagneux, France
| | - Catherine Belzung
- U930 FRE CNRS 2448, INSERM and Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Center For Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Correspondence: Dr E Sibille, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, BST W 1643, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2593, USA, Tel: + 412 624 0804, E-mail:
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Microarray gene expression profiling of mouse brain mRNA in a model of lithium treatment. Psychiatr Genet 2008; 18:64-72. [DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0b013e3282fb0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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