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Tang E, Tang C, Lin X, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Pan C, Jiang H. Clinical performance of the TrueMark™ MSI assay for microsatellite instability detection in a Chinese colorectal cancer cohort. Gene 2024; 927:148745. [PMID: 38969248 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair (MMR) detection is valuable in assessing prognosis and treatment options. However, the conventional detection methods such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) are limited by not fully consistent results as well as a long turnaround time. TrueMark™ MSI Assay is a novel solution for MSI analysis, but lack of research support in the Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS 60 dMMR and 60 pMMR CRC samples identified by IHC were collected and their MSI status were detected using TrueMark™ MSI assay with an expanded panel of 13 markers. The overall performance and diagnostic concordance between TrueMark™ MSI test and MMR IHC analysis were assessed and analyzed. RESULTS According to the TrueMark™ test, 55 out of the 120 (45.8 %) CRCs were identified as MSI-high (MSI-H) with an instability at ≥ 4/13 markers. Compared with the MMR IHC analysis, an overall percent agreement of 94.2 % and a Kappa of 0.883 were achieved. For the seven inconsistent samples, tumor mutation burden analysis was performed and the results supported the diagnosis by TrueMark™ test. To confirm the robustness of the above findings, a validation was performed in an independent cohort comprising 51 consecutive CRCs. Furthermore, an optimized panel composed of NR-21, NR-24, NR-27, ABI-16, ABI-17 and ABI-20B was developed by multivariate logistic regression model, and showed 100 % agreement with the 13-marker panel for MSI detection in both the derivation and validation sets. CONCLUSION TrueMark™ MSI provides a fast, reliable and highly automated solution to MSI detection in Chinese CRC patients, and the new 6-marker panel we established shows promise deserving further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjiang Tang
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejing Lin
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyu Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huihong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Emelyanova M, Ikonnikova A, Pushkov A, Pudova E, Krasnov G, Popova A, Zhanin I, Khomich D, Abramov I, Tjulandin S, Gryadunov D, Pokataev I. Mutations in Mismatch Repair Genes and Microsatellite Instability Status in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2111. [PMID: 38893230 PMCID: PMC11171205 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) showing mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency may benefit from immunotherapy. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a hallmark of MMR deficiency (MMR-D). Here, we estimated the prevalence of MSI in PC, investigated germline and somatic mutations in the three MMR genes (MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6), and assessed the relationship between MMR genes mutations and MSI status in PC. Clinical specimens from PC patients were analyzed using targeted next-generation sequencing, including paired normal and tumor specimens from 155 patients, tumor-only specimens from 86 patients, and normal-only specimens from 379 patients. The MSI status of 235 PCs was assessed via PCR. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants in the MMR genes were identified in 1.1% of patients, while somatic variants were found in 2.6% of patients. No MSI-H tumors were detected. One patient carried two variants (P (VAF = 0.57) and LP (VAF = 0.25)) simultaneously; however, their germline/somatic status remains unknown due to the investigation focusing solely on the tumor and MSI analysis was not performed for this patient. MSI is rare in PC, even in tumors with MMR genes mutations. Our findings underscore the importance of assessing tumor MMR-D status in PC patients with confirmed Lynch syndrome when deciding whether to prescribe immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Emelyanova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Anna Ikonnikova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Alexander Pushkov
- Federal State Autonomous Institution “National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.P.); (I.Z.)
| | - Elena Pudova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - George Krasnov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Anna Popova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115522, Russia; (A.P.); (S.T.); (I.P.)
| | - Ilya Zhanin
- Federal State Autonomous Institution “National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.P.); (I.Z.)
| | - Darya Khomich
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Ivan Abramov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Sergei Tjulandin
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115522, Russia; (A.P.); (S.T.); (I.P.)
| | - Dmitry Gryadunov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.I.); (E.P.); (G.K.); (D.K.); (I.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Ilya Pokataev
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115522, Russia; (A.P.); (S.T.); (I.P.)
- City Clinical Cancer Hospital No 1, Moscow Department of Health, Moscow 129090, Russia
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3
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Yan H, Song L, Li Y, Xu Q, Guo W, Lin S, Jiang W, Wang Z, Deng L, Huang Z, Qin H, Zhang X, Tong F, Zhang R, Liu Z, Zhang L, Yu J, Dong X, Gong Q, Deng J, Chen X, Wang J, Zhang G, Yang N, Zhang Y, Zeng L. Clinical evidence for efficacy of pembrolizumab in MSI-H and TMB-H advanced solid tumor: results from three cancer centers in China. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:74. [PMID: 38451314 PMCID: PMC10920474 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03660-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab has been indicated in the treatment of solid tumors with high frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H); however, real-world data on the effectiveness of pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in this molecular subset remain limited. Our retrospective study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in treating advanced solid tumors with either MSI-H or TMB-H. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 116 patients with MSI-H or TMB-H advanced solid cancers who received pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy regardless of treatment setting. We analyzed objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The top three cancer types were colorectal (48.6% MSI-H, 6.5% TMB-H), lung (15.4% MSI-H, 84.4% TMB-H), and gastric (15.4% MSI-H, 5.1% TMB-H). The ORR with pembrolizumab was 52.6%, including complete response (CR) observed in 8.6% (n = 10) of cases and partial responses (PR) in 43.9% (n = 51). Of the 93 patients who received first-line pembrolizumab, 52 patients achieved objective response (10 CR, 42 PR), with a median PFS of 14.0 months (95% confidence intervals [CI] 6.6-21.4). Of the 23 who received subsequent-line pembrolizumab, the ORR was 39.1%, disease control rate was 91.3%, and median PFS was 5.7 months (95% CI 3.9-7.5). Treatment-related adverse events were observed in 32 patients (27.6%), with no reported treatment-related fatal adverse events. CONCLUSION Our study provides real-world evidence on the clinical effectiveness of pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with MSI-H and TMB-H advanced solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lianxi Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, 413000, China
| | - Yizhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Wenhuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20025, China
| | - Shaoding Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Haoyue Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruiguang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhaoyi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, Zhangjiajie, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Good Clinical Trials, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Early Clinical Trails Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Early Clinical Trails Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Early Clinical Trails Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Gao Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Early Clinical Trails Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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4
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Cervantes B, André T, Cohen R. Deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer: therapeutic advances and questions. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231170473. [PMID: 38205076 PMCID: PMC10777764 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231170473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype is related to a deficiency of the DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) system and is observed in 5% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs). MSI/dMMR phenotype testing should be routine for all CRCs regardless of stage. Two complementary techniques with a high concordance (90-97%) allow us to determine the MSI/dMMR status of a tumor: immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. Since 2020 and the results of the phase III KEYNOTE 177 trial, pembrolizumab [anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)] is the new standard of care in first-line MSI/dMMR mCRC. To date, no combination of chemtotherapy ± targeted therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been validated in the management of MSI/dMMR mCRC, and it is not known whether this combination would be beneficial. It is also unclear whether dual therapy with two ICIs is more effective than monotherapy. Several phase III trials are ongoing to answer these questions. Despite a high response rate and long-term benefit of a first line by anti-PD1, 30-50% of patients with MSI/dMMR mCRC experience an early or secondary progression. There are currently no validated predictive biomarkers of anti-PD1 ± anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 resistance in patients with MSI/dMMR mCRC. In case of early progression on ICIs, the first two questions to consider are the possibility of pseudoprogression and the correct diagnosis of MSI/dMMR status. To date, there are no data on the use of adjuvant ICIs for MSI/dMMR resected colon cancers. By contrast, data are accumulating regarding the efficacy of neoadjuvant ICIs, with at least two-thirds of patients in the different trials in pathological complete response, making it possible to envisage 'Watch and wait' strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France AP-HP
| | - Thierry André
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- AP-HP; SIRIC CURAMUS, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- AP-HP, SIRIC CURAMUS, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184 rue du Fg Saint-Antoine 75012 Paris, France
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5
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Tjota MY, Segal JP, Wang P. Clinical Utility and Benefits of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Cancer. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:76-91. [PMID: 38167763 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) with next-generation sequencing detects genetic alterations of hundreds of genes simultaneously and multiple molecular biomarkers with one test. In the personalized medicine era, CGP is increasingly used for cancer diagnosis, treatment selection, and prognosis prediction. CONTENT In this review, we summarize the benefits of CGP, clinical utility of CGP, and challenges of setting up CGP in the clinical laboratories. Besides the genetic alterations identified in the cancer-related genes, other biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and homologous recombination deficiency are critical for initiating targeted therapy. Compared with conventional tests, CGP uses less specimen and shortens the turnaround time if multiple biomarkers need to be tested. RNA fusion assay and liquid biopsy are helpful additions to DNA-based CGP by detecting fusions/splicing variants and complementing tissue-based CGP findings, respectively. SUMMARY Many previous hurdles for implementing CGP in the clinical laboratories have been gradually alleviated such as the decrease in sequencing cost, availability of both open-source and commercial bioinformatics tools, and improved reimbursement. These changes have helped to make CGP available to a greater population of cancer patients for improving characterization of their tumors and expanding their eligibility for clinical trials. Additionally, sequencing results of the hundreds of genes on CGP panels could be further analyzed to better understand the biology of various cancers and identify new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Yuwono Tjota
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Jeremy P Segal
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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6
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Zhang B, Song Y, Luo S, Yin X, Li E, Wang H, He Y, Liu Z, Fan Q, Liang X, Shu Y, Liu Y, Xu N, Zhang S, Zhuang Z, Zhang J, Kou X, Wang F, Zhu X, Zeng S, Wang K, Zhong H, Li S, Bai Y, Yu J, Dou Y, Ma T, Liu Q, Huang J. Pucotenlimab in patients with advanced mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high solid tumors: A multicenter phase 2 study. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101301. [PMID: 38016482 PMCID: PMC10772321 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a multicenter, phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy of pucotenlimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors, and potential biomarkers for response. Overall, 100 patients with previously treated, advanced solid tumors centrally confirmed as dMMR or MSI-H received pucotenlimab at 200 mg every 3 weeks. The most common cancer type is colorectal cancer (n = 71). With a median follow-up of 22.5 months, the objective response rate is 49.0% (95% confidence interval 38.86%-59.20%) as assessed by the independent review committee, while the median progression-free survival and overall survival have not been reached. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events were observed in 18 patients. For the biomarker analysis, responders are enriched in patients with mutations in the KMT2D gene. Pucotenlimab is an effective treatment option for previously treated advanced dMMR/MSI-H solid tumors, and the predictive value of KMT2D mutation warrants further research. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03704246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xianli Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Enxiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300122, China
| | - Yifu He
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qingxia Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450099, China
| | - Xinjun Liang
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Nong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110801, China
| | - Xiaoge Kou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 516473, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Haijun Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Shengmian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yuxian Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junyan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Yiwei Dou
- Taizhou Hanzhong Biomedical Co., Ltd, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Taiyang Ma
- Taizhou Hanzhong Biomedical Co., Ltd, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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7
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Bacher JW, Udho EB, Strauss EE, Vyazunova I, Gallinger S, Buchanan DD, Pai RK, Templeton AS, Storts DR, Eshleman JR, Halberg RB. A Highly Sensitive Pan-Cancer Test for Microsatellite Instability. J Mol Diagn 2023; 25:806-826. [PMID: 37544360 PMCID: PMC10629437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an evolving biomarker for cancer detection and treatment. MSI was first used to identify patients with Lynch syndrome, a hereditary form of colorectal cancer (CRC), but has recently become indispensable in predicting patient response to immunotherapy. To address the need for pan-cancer MSI detection, a new multiplex assay was developed that uses novel long mononucleotide repeat (LMR) markers to improve sensitivity. A total of 469 tumor samples from 20 different cancer types, including 319 from patients with Lynch syndrome, were tested for MSI using the new LMR MSI Analysis System. Results were validated by using deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) status according to immunohistochemistry as the reference standard and compared versus the Promega pentaplex MSI panel. The sensitivity of the LMR panel for detection of dMMR status by immunohistochemistry was 99% for CRC and 96% for non-CRC. The overall percent agreement between the LMR and Promega pentaplex panels was 99% for CRC and 89% for non-CRC tumors. An increased number of unstable markers and the larger size shifts observed in dMMR tumors using the LMR panel increased confidence in MSI determinations. The LMR MSI Analysis System expands the spectrum of cancer types in which MSI can be accurately detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery W Bacher
- R&D Clinical Diagnostics, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Eshwar B Udho
- R&D Clinical Diagnostics, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Irina Vyazunova
- R&D Clinical Diagnostics, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rish K Pai
- Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Douglas R Storts
- R&D Clinical Diagnostics, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - James R Eshleman
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard B Halberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory of Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin.
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8
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Kobayashi Y, Niida A, Nagayama S, Saeki K, Haeno H, Takahashi KK, Hayashi S, Ozato Y, Saito H, Hasegawa T, Nakamura H, Tobo T, Kitagawa A, Sato K, Shimizu D, Hirata H, Hisamatsu Y, Toshima T, Yonemura Y, Masuda T, Mizuno S, Kawazu M, Kohsaka S, Ueno T, Mano H, Ishihara S, Uemura M, Mori M, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Oshima M, Suzuki Y, Shibata T, Mimori K. Subclonal accumulation of immune escape mechanisms in microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancers. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1105-1118. [PMID: 37596408 PMCID: PMC10539316 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) has been poorly studied. We aimed to clarify how the ITH of MSI-H CRCs is generated in cancer evolution and how immune selective pressure affects ITH. METHODS We reanalyzed public whole-exome sequencing data on 246 MSI-H CRCs. In addition, we performed a multi-region analysis from 6 MSI-H CRCs. To verify the process of subclonal immune escape accumulation, a novel computational model of cancer evolution under immune pressure was developed. RESULTS Our analysis presented the enrichment of functional genomic alterations in antigen-presentation machinery (APM). Associative analysis of neoantigens indicated the generation of immune escape mechanisms via HLA alterations. Multiregion analysis revealed the clonal acquisition of driver mutations and subclonal accumulation of APM defects in MSI-H CRCs. Examination of variant allele frequencies demonstrated that subclonal mutations tend to be subjected to selective sweep. Computational simulations of tumour progression with the interaction of immune cells successfully verified the subclonal accumulation of immune escape mutations and suggested the efficacy of early initiation of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) -based treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the heterogeneous acquisition of immune escape mechanisms in MSI-H CRCs by Darwinian selection, providing novel insights into ICI-based treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Sirokane-dai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagayama
- Gastroenterological Center, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Kyoto, 611-0041, Japan
| | - Koichi Saeki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 227-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Haeno
- Division of Integrated Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda City, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuki K Takahashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Sirokane-dai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuto Hayashi
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takanori Hasegawa
- Division of Health Medical Data Science, Health Intelligence Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Taro Tobo
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
| | - Dai Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hidenari Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hisamatsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takeo Toshima
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yonemura
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Shinichi Mizuno
- Division of Cancer Research, Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shinji Kohsaka
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ueno
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mano
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Faculty of Medicine, Tokai University, Isegahara, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kadoma-Cho, Kanazawa, 920-1164, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Sirokane-dai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Japan, Research Institute 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan.
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9
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Hammoudi N, Lehmann-Che J, Lambert J, Amoyel M, Maggiori L, Salfati D, Tran Minh ML, Baudry C, Asesio N, Poirot B, Lourenco N, Corte H, Allez M, Aparicio T, Gornet JM. Prognosis and molecular characteristics of IBD-associated colorectal cancer: Experience from a French tertiary-care center. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:1280-1287. [PMID: 36872200 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the prognosis of colorectal cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease (CRC-IBD) in a real-world cohort in France. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study including all patients presenting CRC-IBD in a French tertiary center. RESULTS Among 6510 patients, the rate of CRC was 0.8% with a median delay of 19.5 years after IBD diagnosis (median age 46 years, ulcerative colitis 59%, initially localized tumor 69%). There was a previous exposure to immunosuppressants (IS) in 57% and anti-TNF in 29% of the cases. A RAS mutation was observed in only 13% of metastatic patients. OS of the whole cohort was 45 months. OS and PFS of synchronous metastatic patients was 20.4 months and 8.5 months respectively. Among the patients with localized tumor those previously exposed to IS had a better PFS (39 months vs 23 months; p = 0.05) and OS (74 vs 44 months; p = 0.03). The IBD relapse rate was 4%. No unexpected chemotherapy side-effect was observed CONCLUSIONS: OS of CRC-IBD is poor in metastatic patients although IBD is not associated with under-exposure or increased toxicity to chemotherapy. Previous IS exposure may be associated with a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hammoudi
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, EMiLy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - J Lehmann-Che
- Department of molecular oncology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Lambert
- Department of biostatistics, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris University, Paris, France. Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris - France
| | - M Amoyel
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - L Maggiori
- Department of digestive surgery, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - D Salfati
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - M L Tran Minh
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - C Baudry
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - N Asesio
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - B Poirot
- Department of molecular oncology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - N Lourenco
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - H Corte
- Department of digestive surgery, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - M Allez
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, EMiLy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - T Aparicio
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, EMiLy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - J M Gornet
- Gastroenterology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis / Lariboisière, Paris, France.
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10
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Zwart K, van der Baan FH, Cohen R, Aparicio T, de la Fouchardiére C, Lecomte T, Punt CJA, Sefrioui D, Verheijden RJ, Vink GR, Wensink GE, Zaanan A, Koopman M, Tougeron D, Roodhart JML. Prognostic value of Lynch syndrome, BRAF V600E , and RAS mutational status in dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer in a pooled analysis of Dutch and French cohorts. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15841-15853. [PMID: 37326121 PMCID: PMC10469760 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current knowledge on prognostic biomarkers (especially BRAFV600E /RAS mutations) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is mainly based on mCRC patients with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) tumors. It is uncertain whether these biomarkers have the same prognostic value in mCRC patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) tumors. METHODS This observational cohort study combined a population-based Dutch cohort (2014-2019) and a large French multicenter cohort (2007-2017). All mCRC patients with a histologically proven dMMR tumor were included. RESULTS In our real-world data cohort of 707 dMMR mCRC patients, 438 patients were treated with first-line palliative systemic chemotherapy. Mean age of first-line treated patients was 61.9 years, 49% were male, and 40% had Lynch syndrome. BRAFV600E mutation was present in 47% of tumors and 30% harbored a RAS mutation. Multivariable regression analysis on OS showed significant hazard rates (HR) for known prognostic factors as age and performance status, however showed no significance for Lynch syndrome (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.66-1.72), BRAFV600E mutational status (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.67-1.54), and RAS mutational status (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.64-1.59), with similar results for PFS. CONCLUSION BRAFV600E and RAS mutational status are not associated with prognosis in dMMR mCRC patients, in contrast to pMMR mCRC patients. Lynch syndrome is also not an independent prognostic factor for survival. These findings underline that prognostic factors of patients with dMMR mCRC are different of those with pMMR, which could be taken into consideration when prognosis is used for clinical decision-making in dMMR mCRC patients and underline the complex heterogeneity of mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Zwart
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Frederieke H. van der Baan
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Romain Cohen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUSCentre de recherche Saint Antoine, Hôpital Saint‐Antoine, AP‐HP, and INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Thomas Aparicio
- Gastroenterology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP‐HPUniversity of ParisParisFrance
- Gastroenterology DepartmentAvicenne HospitalBobignyFrance
| | | | - Thierry Lecomte
- Department of Hepato‐Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours University Hospital and INSERM UMR 1069 N2CUniversity of ToursToursFrance
| | - Cornelis J. A. Punt
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - David Sefrioui
- Digestive Oncology Unit, Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, IRON Group and INSERM U1245University of NormandyRouenFrance
| | - Rik J. Verheijden
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Geraldine R. Vink
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Research and DevelopmentNetherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL)UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - G. Emerens Wensink
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Aziz Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Georges Pompidou European HospitalAssistance publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, SIRIC CARPEM, University Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Miriam Koopman
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - David Tougeron
- Hepato‐Gastroenterology DepartmentPoitiers University Hospital, University of PoitiersPoitiersFrance
| | - Jeanine M. L. Roodhart
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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11
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Bartels S, Grote I, Wagner M, Boog J, Schipper E, Reineke‐Plaass T, Kreipe H, Lehmann U. Concordance in detection of microsatellite instability by PCR and NGS in routinely processed tumor specimens of several cancer types. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16707-16715. [PMID: 37376830 PMCID: PMC10501280 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI) occurs in several cancer types and is commonly used for prognosis and as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy. METHODS We analyzed n = 263 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens (127 colorectal cancer (CRC), 55 endometrial cancer (EC), 33 stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and 48 solid tumor specimens of other tumor types) with a capillary electrophoresis based multiplex monomorphic marker MSI-PCR panel and an amplicon-based NGS assay for microsatellite instability (MSI+). In total, n = 103 (39.2%) cases with a known defect of the DNA mismatch repair system (dMMR), determined by a loss in protein expression of MSH2/MSH6 (n = 48, 46.6%) or MLH1/PMS2 (n = 55, 53.4%), were selected. Cases with an isolated loss of MSH6 or PMS2 were excluded. RESULTS The overall sensitivity and specificity of the NGS assay in comparison with the MSI-PCR were 92.2% and 98.8%. With CRC cases a nearly optimal concordance was reached (sensitivity 98.1% and specificity 100.0%). Whereas EC cases only show a sensitivity of 88.6% and a specificity of 95.2%, caused by several cases with instability in less than five monomorphic markers, which could be difficult to analyze by NGS (subtle MSI+ phenotype). CONCLUSIONS MSI analysis of FFPE DNA by NGS is feasible and the results show a high concordance in comparison with the monomorphic marker MSI-PCR. However, cases with a subtle MSI+ phenotype, most frequently manifest in EC, have a risk of a false-negative result by NGS and should be preferentially analyzed by capillary electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Bartels
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Isabel Grote
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Jannik Boog
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Elisa Schipper
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Hans Kreipe
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Ulrich Lehmann
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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12
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Batista MDP, Roffé M, Romero I, López-Guerrero JA, Illueca C, Lopez R, Balieiro Anastácio da Costa AA, De Brot L, Molina JP, Barboza L, Peria FM, Chaud F, Gouvêa Yamada AS, Poveda A, Rego EM. Genomic landscapes of ovarian clear cell carcinoma from latin countries reveal aberrations linked to survival and progression. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:613. [PMID: 37400764 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCCs) are rare, aggressive and chemoresistant tumors. Geographical and ethnic differences in the incidence of OCCC have been reported with a higher incidence in Asiatic countries. There is a paucity of information regarding OCCC in Latin America (LA) and other countries. METHODS Here, we characterized two cohorts of 33 patients with OCCC from LA (24 from Brazil and 9 from Costa Rica) and a cohort of 27 patients from Spain. Genomic analysis was performed for 26 OCCC using the OncoScan platform. Tumors were classified according to their genomic landscapes into subgroups. Clinical parameters were related to the frequency of genomic aberrations. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) was not significantly different between the cohorts. Genomic landscapes were characterized by different homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) levels. No difference in the distribution of genomic landscapes profiles was detected between patients from the different cohorts. OCCCs with MYC-amplified tumors harboring a concomitant loss of a region in chromosome 13q12-q13 that includes the BRCA2 gene had the longest OS. In contrast, patients carrying a high number (> 30) of total copy number (CN) aberrations with no concomitant alterations in MYC and BRCA2 genes presented the shortest OS. Furthermore, amplification of the ASH1L gene was also associated with a shorter OS. Initial-stage OCCCs with early progression were characterized by gains in the JNK1 and MKL1 genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide new data from understudied OCCC populations and reveal new potential markers for OCCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Paiva Batista
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, 14051-140, Tenente Catao Roxo, 2501, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Martín Roffé
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ignacio Romero
- Gynecological Oncology Area, Valencian Institute of Oncology Foundation, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Illueca
- Gynecological Oncology Area, Valencian Institute of Oncology Foundation, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Lopez
- Gynecological Oncology Area, Valencian Institute of Oncology Foundation, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Louise De Brot
- Department of Pathology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Pablo Molina
- Medical Oncology Service, México Hospital, CCSS, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Laura Barboza
- Pathological Anatomy Service, San Juan de Dios Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Fernanda Maris Peria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, 14051-140, Tenente Catao Roxo, 2501, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Chaud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, 14051-140, Tenente Catao Roxo, 2501, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Silvia Gouvêa Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, 14051-140, Tenente Catao Roxo, 2501, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andres Poveda
- Oncogynecologic Department, Quironsalud Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, 14051-140, Tenente Catao Roxo, 2501, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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13
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Ratovomanana T, Nicolle R, Cohen R, Diehl A, Siret A, Letourneur Q, Buhard O, Perrier A, Guillerm E, Coulet F, Cervera P, Benusiglio P, Labrèche K, Colle R, Collura A, Despras E, Le Rouzic P, Renaud F, Cros J, Alentorn A, Touat M, Ayadi M, Bourgoin P, Prunier C, Tournigand C, de la Fouchardière C, Tougeron D, Jonchère V, Bennouna J, de Reynies A, Fléjou JF, Svrcek M, André T, Duval A. Prediction of Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer with Microsatellite Instability. Ann Oncol 2023:S0923-7534(23)00695-6. [PMID: 37269904 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumors displaying microsatellite instability (MSI) represent a paradigm for the success of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy, particularly in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, a proportion of patients with dMMR/MSI mCRC exhibit resistance to ICI. Identification of tools predicting MSI mCRC patient response to ICI are required for the design of future strategies further improving this therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We combined high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing of tumors from 116 patients with MSI mCRC treated with anti-PD-1 +/- anti-CTLA-4 of the NIPICOL phase II trial (C1, NCT03350126, discovery set) and the IMMUNOMSI prospective cohort (C2, validation set). The DNA/RNA predictors whose status was significantly associated with ICI status of response in C1 were subsequently validated in C2. Primary endpoint was iPFS (progression-free survival by iRECIST). RESULTS Analyses showed no impact of previously suggested DNA/RNA indicators of resistance to ICI, e.g., MSISensor score, tumor mutational burden, or specific cellular and molecular tumoral contingents. By contrast, iPFS under ICI was shown in C1 and C2 to depend both on a multiplex MSI signature involving the mutations of 19 microsatellites (HRC2 = 3.63; 95% CI [1.65-7.99] ; p = 1.4x10-3) and the expression of a set of 182 RNA markers with a non-epithelial TGFB-related desmoplastic orientation (HRC2 = 1.75 ; 95% CI [1.03-2.98] ; p = 0.035). Both DNA and RNA signatures were independently predictive of iPFS. CONCLUSIONS iPFS in patients with MSI mCRC can be predicted by simply analyzing the mutational status of DNA microsatellite-containing genes in epithelial tumor cells together with nonepithelial TGFB-related desmoplastic RNA markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ratovomanana
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - R Nicolle
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL 8252, F-75018 Paris, France; GERCOR, Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie, F-75011 Paris, France
| | - R Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; GERCOR, Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie, F-75011 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - A Diehl
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - A Siret
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Q Letourneur
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - O Buhard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - A Perrier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - E Guillerm
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - F Coulet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - P Cervera
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - P Benusiglio
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - K Labrèche
- CinBioS, MS 37 PASS Production de données en Sciences de la vie et de la Santé, INSERM, Sorbonne Université et SIRIC CURAMUS, 75013 Paris
| | - R Colle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; GERCOR, Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie, F-75011 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - A Collura
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - E Despras
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - P Le Rouzic
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - F Renaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - J Cros
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - A Alentorn
- Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - M Touat
- Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - M Ayadi
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs", Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - P Bourgoin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - C Prunier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Signalisation TGFB, plasticité cellulaire et Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - C Tournigand
- Department of medical Oncology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, APHP, Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM U955
| | | | - D Tougeron
- ProDicET, UR 24144, University of Poitiers and Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Poitiers University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - V Jonchère
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - J Bennouna
- Centre De Recherche En Cancérologie Et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université De Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - A de Reynies
- Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs Program, Ligue Nationale Contre Cancer, Paris, France
| | - J-F Fléjou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - M Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - T André
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; GERCOR, Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie, F-75011 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - A Duval
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75012 Paris, France.
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14
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Chang X, Wang J, Zhang G, Yang M, Xi Y, Xi C, Chen G, Nie X, Meng B, Quan X. Predicting colorectal cancer microsatellite instability with a self-attention-enabled convolutional neural network. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100914. [PMID: 36720223 PMCID: PMC9975100 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study develops a method combining a convolutional neural network model, INSIGHT, with a self-attention model, WiseMSI, to predict microsatellite instability (MSI) based on the tiles in colorectal cancer patients from a multicenter Chinese cohort. After INSIGHT differentiates tumor tiles from normal tissue tiles in a whole slide image, features of tumor tiles are extracted with a ResNet model pre-trained on ImageNet. Attention-based pooling is adopted to aggregate tile-level features into slide-level representation. INSIGHT has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.985 for tumor patch classification. The Spearman correlation coefficient of tumor cell fraction given by expert pathologist and INSIGHT is 0.7909. WiseMSI achieves a specificity of 94.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 93.7%-95.7%), a sensitivity of 84.7% (95% CI 82.6%-86.9%), and an AUC of 0.954 (95% CI 0.948-0.960). Comparative analysis shows that this method has better performance than the other five classic deep learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guanjun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | | | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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15
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Styk J, Pös Z, Pös O, Radvanszky J, Turnova EH, Buglyó G, Klimova D, Budis J, Repiska V, Nagy B, Szemes T. Microsatellite instability assessment is instrumental for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine: status quo and outlook. EPMA J 2023; 14:143-165. [PMID: 36866160 PMCID: PMC9971410 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-023-00312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A form of genomic alteration called microsatellite instability (MSI) occurs in a class of tandem repeats (TRs) called microsatellites (MSs) or short tandem repeats (STRs) due to the failure of a post-replicative DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. Traditionally, the strategies for determining MSI events have been low-throughput procedures that typically require assessment of tumours as well as healthy samples. On the other hand, recent large-scale pan-tumour studies have consistently highlighted the potential of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) on the MSI scale. As a result of recent innovations, minimally invasive methods show a high potential to be integrated into the clinical routine and delivery of adapted medical care to all patients. Along with advances in sequencing technologies and their ever-increasing cost-effectiveness, they may bring about a new era of Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (3PM). In this paper, we offered a comprehensive analysis of high-throughput strategies and computational tools for the calling and assessment of MSI events, including whole-genome, whole-exome and targeted sequencing approaches. We also discussed in detail the detection of MSI status by current MPS blood-based methods and we hypothesised how they may contribute to the shift from conventional medicine to predictive diagnosis, targeted prevention and personalised medical services. Increasing the efficacy of patient stratification based on MSI status is crucial for tailored decision-making. Contextually, this paper highlights drawbacks both at the technical level and those embedded deeper in cellular/molecular processes and future applications in routine clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Styk
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Geneton Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Pös
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Geneton Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Pös
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Geneton Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Radvanszky
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Evelina Hrckova Turnova
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Slovgen Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gergely Buglyó
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Daniela Klimova
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Budis
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Geneton Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Slovak Centre of Scientific and Technical Information, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vanda Repiska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Medirex Group Academy, NPO, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tomas Szemes
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Geneton Ltd, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia ,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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16
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Mirza S, Bhadresha K, Mughal MJ, McCabe M, Shahbazi R, Ruff P, Penny C. Liquid biopsy approaches and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer for precision medicine: Are we there yet? Front Oncol 2023; 12:1023565. [PMID: 36686736 PMCID: PMC9853908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with nearly half of patients detected in the advanced stages. This is due to the fact that symptoms associated with CRC often do not appear until the cancer has reached an advanced stage. This suggests that CRC is a cancer with a slow progression, making it curable and preventive if detected in its early stage. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to improve CRC early detection and personalize therapy for patients with this cancer. Recently, liquid biopsy as a non-invasive or nominally invasive approach has attracted considerable interest for its real-time disease monitoring capability through repeated sample analysis. Several studies in CRC have revealed the potential for liquid biopsy application in a real clinical setting using circulating RNA/miRNA, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, etc. However, Liquid biopsy still remains a challenge since there are currently no promising results with high specificity and specificity that might be employed as optimal circulatory biomarkers. Therefore, in this review, we conferred the plausible role of less explored liquid biopsy components like mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), organoid model of CTCs, and circulating cancer-associated fibroblasts (cCAFs); which may allow researchers to develop improved strategies to unravel unfulfilled clinical requirements in CRC patients. Moreover, we have also discussed immunotherapy approaches to improve the prognosis of MSI (Microsatellite Instability) CRC patients using neoantigens and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a liquid biopsy approach in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,Department of Internal Medicine, Common Epithelial Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kinjal Bhadresha
- Hematology/Oncology Division, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Muhammed Jameel Mughal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Michelle McCabe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Reza Shahbazi
- Hematology/Oncology Division, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Paul Ruff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,Department of Internal Medicine, Common Epithelial Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,Department of Internal Medicine, Common Epithelial Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,*Correspondence: Clement Penny,
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17
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Gallon R, Phelps R, Betts L, Hayes C, Masic D, Irving JAE, McAnulty C, Saha V, Vora A, Wimmer K, Motwani J, Macartney C, Burn J, Jackson MS, Moorman AV, Santibanez-Koref M. Detection of constitutional mismatch repair deficiency in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:217-220. [PMID: 36272172 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2131412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Gallon
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel Phelps
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Leigh Betts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Christine Hayes
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Dino Masic
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Julie A E Irving
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Ciaron McAnulty
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Vaskar Saha
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Ajay Vora
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Katharina Wimmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jayashree Motwani
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christine Macartney
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - John Burn
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Michael S Jackson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Anthony V Moorman
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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18
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Boyer C, Sefrioui D, Cohen R, Chautard R, Perrier M, Lebrun H, Goujon G, Hautefeuille V, Dior M, Walter T, Mary F, Manfredi S, Caroli-Bosc FX, Cervantes B, Coriat R, Deluche E, Zaanan A, Olivier R, Bouché O, Piessen G, Lecomte T, Louvet C, Michel P, Aparicio T, André T, Taieb J, Randrian V, Tougeron D. Prognosis and chemosensitivity of non-colorectal alimentary tract cancers with microsatellite instability. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:123-130. [PMID: 35397988 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on outcomes of microsatellite instable and/or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR/MSI) digestive non-colorectal tumors are limited. AIMS To evaluate overall survival (OS) of patients with dMMR/MSI digestive non-colorectal tumor. METHODS All consecutive patients with a dMMR/MSI digestive non-colorectal tumor were included in this French retrospective multicenter study. RESULTS One hundred and sixteen patients were included with a mean age of 63.6 years and 32.6% with a Lynch syndrome. Most tumors were oesophago-gastric (54.3%) or small bowel (32.8%) adenocarcinomas and at a localized stage at diagnosis (86.7%). In patients with localized tumors and R0 resection, median OS was 134.0 ± 64.2 months. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was 100.3 ± 65.7 months. Considering oesophago-gastric tumors, median DFS was improved when chemotherapy was added to surgery (not reached versus 22.8 ± 10.0 months, p = 0.03). In patients with advanced tumors treated by chemotherapy, median OS was 14.2 ± 1.9 months and median progression-free survival was 7.4 ± 1.6 months. CONCLUSION dMMR/MSI digestive non-colorectal tumors are mostly diagnosed at a non-metastatic stage with a good prognosis. Advanced dMMR/MSI digestive non-colorectal tumors have a poor prognosis with standard chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Boyer
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, Poitiers 86000, France
| | - David Sefrioui
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Medical Oncology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Pari, Saint Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris 75012, France
| | - Romain Chautard
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours University hospital, Tours 37000, France
| | - Marine Perrier
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Reims 51000, France
| | - Hugo Lebrun
- Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez University Hospital, Lille University, Lille 59000, France
| | - Gael Goujon
- Gastroenterology Department, Bichat Hospital, Paris 75018, France
| | - Vincent Hautefeuille
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Hôpital Sud, Amiens 80000, France
| | - Marie Dior
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes 92700, France
| | - Thomas Walter
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon 69000, France
| | - Florence Mary
- Gastroenterology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny 93000, France
| | - Silvain Manfredi
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Dijon University hospital, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Caroli-Bosc
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Angers University hospital, Angers 49000, France
| | - Baptiste Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris 75014, France
| | - Romain Coriat
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Paris 75014, France
| | - Elise Deluche
- Department of Medical Oncology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges 87000, France
| | - Aziz Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Raphael Olivier
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, Poitiers 86000, France
| | - Olivier Bouché
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Reims 51000, France
| | - Guillaume Piessen
- Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez University Hospital, Lille University, Lille 59000, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours University hospital, Tours 37000, France
| | - Christophe Louvet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris 75014, France
| | - Pierre Michel
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, IRON group, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Thomas Aparicio
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris University, Paris 75010, France
| | - Thierry André
- Medical Oncology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Pari, Saint Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris 75012, France
| | - Julien Taieb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Violaine Randrian
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, Poitiers 86000, France
| | - David Tougeron
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, Poitiers 86000, France.
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19
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Hu Z, Liu Z, Zheng J, Peng Y, Lu X, Li J, Tan K, Cui H. Microsatellite instability-related prognostic risk score (MSI-pRS) defines a subset of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients with genomic instability and poor clinical outcome. Front Genet 2023; 14:1061002. [PMID: 36873930 PMCID: PMC9981642 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) shares less typical onco-drivers and target resistance, but a high overall mutation rate and marked genomic complexity. Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency leads to microsatellite instability (MSI) and genomic instability. MSI is not an ideal option for prognosis of LUSC, whereas its function deserves exploration. Method: MSI status was classified by MMR proteins using unsupervised clustering in the TCGA-LUSC dataset. The MSI score of each sample was determined by gene set variation analysis. Intersections of the differential expression genes and differential methylation probes were classified into functional modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and stepwise gene selection were performed for model downscaling. Results: Compared with the MSI-low (MSI-L) phenotype, MSI-high (MSI-H) displayed higher genomic instability. The MSI score was decreased from MSI-H to normal samples (MSI-H > MSI-L > normal). A total of 843 genes activated by hypomethylation and 430 genes silenced by hypermethylation in MSI-H tumors were classified into six functional modules. CCDC68, LYSMD1, RPS7, and CDK20 were used to construct MSI-related prognostic risk score (MSI-pRS). Low MSI-pRS was a protective prognostic factor in all cohorts (HR = 0.46, 0.47, 0.37; p-value = 7.57e-06, 0.009, 0.021). The model contains tumor stage, age, and MSI-pRS that showed good discrimination and calibration. Decision curve analyses indicated that microsatellite instability-related prognostic risk score added extra value to the prognosis. A low MSI-pRS was negatively correlated with genomic instability. LUSC with low MSI-pRS was associated with increased genomic instability and cold immunophenotype. Conclusion: MSI-pRS is a promising prognostic biomarker in LUSC as the substitute of MSI. Moreover, we first declared that LYSMD1 contributed to genomic instability of LUSC. Our findings provided new insights in the biomarker finder of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Hu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Tan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Cui
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Marques AC, Ferraro-Peyret C, Michaud F, Song L, Smith E, Fabre G, Willig A, Wong MML, Xing X, Chong C, Brayer M, Fenouil T, Hervieu V, Bancel B, Devouassoux M, Balme B, Meyronet D, Menu P, Lopez J, Xu Z. Improved NGS-based detection of microsatellite instability using tumor-only data. Front Oncol 2022; 12:969238. [PMID: 36465367 PMCID: PMC9714634 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.969238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular signature of mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), a predictive marker of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy response. Despite its recognized pan-cancer value, most methods only support detection of this signature in colorectal cancer. In addition to the tissue-specific differences that impact the sensitivity of MSI detection in other tissues, the performance of most methods is also affected by patient ethnicity, tumor content, and other sample-specific properties. These limitations are particularly important when only tumor samples are available and restrict the performance and adoption of MSI testing. Here we introduce MSIdetect, a novel solution for NGS-based MSI detection. MSIdetect models the impact of indel burden and tumor content on read coverage at a set of homopolymer regions that we found are minimally impacted by sample-specific factors. We validated MSIdetect in 139 Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) clinical samples from colorectal and endometrial cancer as well as other more challenging tumor types, such as glioma or sebaceous adenoma or carcinoma. Based on analysis of these samples, MSIdetect displays 100% specificity and 96.3% sensitivity. Limit of detection analysis supports that MSIdetect is sensitive even in samples with relatively low tumor content and limited microsatellite instability. Finally, the results obtained using MSIdetect in tumor-only data correlate well (R=0.988) with what is obtained using tumor-normal matched pairs, demonstrating that the solution addresses the challenges posed by MSI detection from tumor-only data. The accuracy of MSI detection by MSIdetect in different cancer types coupled with the flexibility afforded by NGS-based testing will support the adoption of MSI testing in the clinical setting and increase the number of patients identified that are likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carole Ferraro-Peyret
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, INSERM 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GH Est (GHE) Hospital, Bron, France
| | | | - Lin Song
- SOPHiA GENETICS, Saint-Sulpice, Switzerland
| | - Ewan Smith
- SOPHiA GENETICS, Saint-Sulpice, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tanguy Fenouil
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GH Est (GHE) Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Valérie Hervieu
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GH Est (GHE) Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Brigitte Bancel
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GH Est (GHE) Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Mojgan Devouassoux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Anatomopathology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Balme
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Anatomopathology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - David Meyronet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GH Est (GHE) Hospital, Bron, France
| | | | - Jonathan Lopez
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, INSERM 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- SOPHiA GENETICS, Saint-Sulpice, Switzerland
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21
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McCabe M, Penny C, Magangane P, Mirza S, Perner Y. Left-sided colorectal cancer distinct in indigenous African patients compared to other ethnic groups in South Africa. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1089. [PMID: 36280820 PMCID: PMC9590207 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A large proportion of indigenous African (IA) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in South Africa are young (< 50 years), with no unique histopathological or molecular characteristics. Anatomical site as well as microsatellite instability (MSI) status have shown to be associated with different clinicopathological and molecular features. This study aimed to ascertain key histopathological features in microsatellite stable (MSS) and low-frequency MSI (MSI-L) patients, to provide insight into the mechanism of the disease. Methods A retrospective cohort (2011–2015) of MSS/MSI-L CRC patient samples diagnosed at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital was analyzed. Samples were categorized by site [right colon cancer (RCC) versus left (LCC)], ethnicity [IA versus other ethnic groups (OEG)] and MSI status (MSI-L vs MSS). T-test, Fischer’s exact and Chi-square tests were conducted. Results IA patients with LCC demonstrated an increased prevalence in males, sigmoid colon, signet-ring-cell morphology, MSI-L with BAT25/26 marker instability and advanced disease association. Conclusion This study revealed distinct histopathological features for LCC, and suggests BAT25 and BAT26 as negative prognostic markers in African CRC patients. Larger confirmatory studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle McCabe
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa ,Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Services, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2000 South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Pumza Magangane
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Yvonne Perner
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
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22
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Taieb J, Svrcek M, Cohen R, Basile D, Tougeron D, Phelip JM. Deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer: Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Eur J Cancer 2022; 175:136-157. [PMID: 36115290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellite unstable (MSI) colorectal cancers (CRCs) are due to DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency and occurs in15% of non-metastatic diseases and 5% in the metastatic setting. Nearly 30% of MSI CRCs occur in a context of constitutional mutation of the MMR system (Lynch syndrome). Others are sporadic cancers linked to a hypermethylation of the MLH-1 promoter. The pathogenic alterations of MMR genes lead to the accumulation of frequent somatic mutational events and these tumours arbour a high antigen burden and are highly infiltrated with cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes. Microsatellite instability/DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MSI/dMMR) status has prognostic and predictive implications in non-metastatic and metastatic CRCs. The prognostic value of MSI status in non-metastatic CRCs has been studied extensively, yet the data are more limited for its predictive value in terms of adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy. In both cases (metastatic and non-metastatic settings) treatment with immune check-point inhibitors (ICIs) have shown a remarkable effectiveness in the context of MSI/dMMR status. Indeed, recent data from prospective cohorts and randomised trials have shown a dramatical improvement of survival with immunotherapy (programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-(L)1] cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 [CTLA-4] blockage) in metastatic or non-metastatic MSI/dMMR CRC. In this review we report and discuss how and for whom to test for the MSI/dMMR phenotype, as well as the prognostic value of this phenotype and the new treatment recommendations options for this unique CRC population. Despite their efficacy, primary and secondary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are observed in more than 50% MSI-H/dMMR CRC patients and in the future how to identify these patients and to overcome resistance will be an important challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Taieb
- Université Paris-Cité, Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, SIRIC CARPEM, Paris, France.
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, and INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, and INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Debora Basile
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy
| | - David Tougeron
- Université de Poitiers, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Marc Phelip
- University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France; Unité HESPER EA-7425 Université Jean Monnet/Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
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23
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Jian D, Lu X, Wang D, Li M, Yang Y, Chen Q, Qian C, Shao W, Dai N, Feng Y. Next generation sequencing targeted detection of somatic mutations in patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix. Ann Diagn Pathol 2022; 61:152024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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24
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Routine Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mismatch Repair Proteins in Colorectal Cancer—A Prospective Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153730. [PMID: 35954394 PMCID: PMC9367501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recognition of a hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome is crucial. Our aim was to assess the value of routine immunohistochemistry screening for mismatch repair proteins deficiency in CRC patients under 70 years-old. In our cohort, this inclusive strategy allowed the identification of Lynch Syndrome patients that could otherwise be missed using a restrictive approach that relies only on Amsterdam and Bethesda criteria. This study strengthens current recommendations and highlights the role of universal CRC screening for MMR protein status. Abstract Recognition of a hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome is crucial and Lynch Syndrome (LS) is the most frequent immunohistochemistry (IHC)—screening for mismatch repair proteins (MMR) deficiency in CRC is therefore advocated. An unicentric cohort study was conducted in a central Oncological Hospital to assess its results. All patients under 70 years-old admitted between July 2017–June 2019 and submitted to surgery for CRC were included. Of 275 patients, 56.0% were male, median age 61.0 (IQR:54.5–65.0), with synchronous tumors in six. Histology revealed high grade adenocarcinoma in 8.4%; mucinous and/or signet ring differentiation in 11.3%; and lymphocytic infiltration in 29.8%. Amsterdam (AC) and Bethesda (BC) Criteria were fulfilled in 11 and 74 patients, respectively. IHC revealed loss of expression of MMR proteins in 24 (8.7%), mostly MLH1 and PMS2 (n = 15) and PMS2 (n = 4). Among these, no patients fulfilled AC and 13 fulfilled BC. BRAF mutation or MLH1 promoter hypermethylation was found in four patients with MLH1 loss of expression. Genetic diagnosis was performed in 51 patients, 11 of them with altered IHC. LS was diagnosed in four, and BC was present in three. One patient would not have been diagnosed without routine IHC screening. These results strengthen the important role of IHC screening for MMR proteins loss of expression in CRC.
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25
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Swets M, Graham Martinez C, van Vliet S, van Tilburg A, Gelderblom H, Marijnen CAM, van de Velde CJH, Nagtegaal ID. Microsatellite instability in rectal cancer: what does it mean? A study of two randomized trials and a systematic review of the literature. Histopathology 2022; 81:352-362. [PMID: 35758193 PMCID: PMC9541309 DOI: 10.1111/his.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, compelling evidence illustrates the significance of determining microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The association of MSI with proximal CRC is well established, however, its implications in patients with rectal cancer remain undefined. We therefore aimed to determine the role of MSI with respect to incidence and outcome in patients with rectal cancer, by the examination of patients from two prospective phase III trials: TME trial and PROCTOR-SCRIPT trial (n=1250). No differences in terms of overall survival (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.69-1.47) and disease-free survival (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.68-1.45) were observed in patients with MSI compared to microsatellite stable (MSS) rectal cancer. In addition, we performed a literature review to evaluate the overall prevalence, the effect on survival and the response to neo-adjuvant treatment in patients with MSI rectal cancer compared with MSS rectal cancer. The total number of MSI cases in the included studies (including our own) was 1220 (out of 16526 rectal cancer patients), with an overall prevalence of 6.7% (SE 1.19%). Both for overall survival as for disease-free survival there was no impact of MSI status on prognosis (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.77-1.29 and HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.60-1.22, respectively). The risk ratio for downstaging and pCR showed also no impact of MSI status (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.86-1.55 and RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.54-1.22 respectively). In conclusion, rectal cancer patients with MSI form a distinct and rare subcategory, however, there is no prognostic effect of MSI in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Swets
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Shannon van Vliet
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan van Tilburg
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Corrie A M Marijnen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Iris D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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26
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Koizumi Y, Ahmad S, Ikeda M, Yashima-Abo A, Espina G, Sugimoto R, Sugai T, Iwaya T, Tamura G, Koeda K, Liotta LA, Takahashi F, Nishizuka SS. Helicobacter pylori modulated host immunity in gastric cancer patients with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:1149-1158. [PMID: 35437596 PMCID: PMC9360472 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paradoxically, Helicobacter pylori-positive (HP+) advanced gastric cancer patients have a better prognosis than those who are HP-negative (HP-). Immunologic and statistical analyses can be used to verify whether systemic mechanisms modulated by HP are involved in this more favorable outcome. METHODS A total of 658 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled. HP infection, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and CD4/CD8 proteins, and microsatellite instability were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) rates were analyzed after stratifying clinicopathological factors. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. RESULTS Among 491 cases that were analyzed, 175 (36%) and 316 (64%) cases were HP+ and HP⁻, respectively. Analysis of RFS indicated an interaction of HP status among the subgroups for S-1 dose (Pinteraction=0.0487) and PD-L1 (P = .016). HP+ patients in the PD-L1⁻ group had significantly higher five-year OS and RFS than HP- patients (81% vs. 68%; P = .0011; HR 0.477; 95% CI, 0.303-0.751 and 76% vs. 63% P = .0011; HR 0.508; 95% CI, 0.335-0.771, respectively). The five-year OS and RFS was also significantly higher for HP+ compared to HP- patients in the PD-L1-/S-1-reduced group (86% vs. 46%; P = .0014; HR 0.205; 95% CI, 0.07-0.602 and 83% vs. 34%; P = .001; HR 0.190; 95% CI, 0.072-0.498, respectively). Thus, HP status was identified as one of the most potentially important independent factors to predict prolonged survival. CONCLUSION This retrospective study suggests that an HP-modulated host immune system may contribute to prolonged survival in the absence of immune escape mechanisms of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Koizumi
- Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Sheny Ahmad
- Aspirating Scientists Summer Internship Program, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA.,Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Miyuki Ikeda
- Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Akiko Yashima-Abo
- Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Ginny Espina
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Ryo Sugimoto
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine,Yahaba, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine,Yahaba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwaya
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Gen Tamura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koeda
- Department of Medical Safety Science, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine,Yahaba, Japan
| | - Lance A Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Fumiaki Takahashi
- Division of Medical Engineering, Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Satoshi S Nishizuka
- Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Japan
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27
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Ovarian Endometrioid and Clear Cell Carcinomas with Low Prevalence of Microsatellite Instability: A Unique Subset of Ovarian Carcinomas Could Benefit from Combination Therapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Other Anticancer Agents. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10040694. [PMID: 35455871 PMCID: PMC9032309 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among all gynecological malignancies; therefore, a novel treatment strategy is needed urgently. Utilizing immune checkpoint inhibitors has been considered for microsatellite instability (MSI)-high (MSI-H) tumors. However, the prevalence of MSI-H tumors in ovarian endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas remains unclear. Here, polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze 91 cases of ovarian endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas for the MSI status and the relationship between MSI-H, immune checkpoint molecules, and clinicopathological factors (including patient survival). Only 5 of 91 (5%) cases were MSI-H endometrioid carcinomas. In these cases, CD-8 expression was significantly higher (p = 0.026), confirming an enhanced immune response. From the survival curve, no statistical correlations were found between the MSI-H group and the microsatellite stable (MSS) group; however, the MSS group trended towards better progression-free survival than the MSI-H group (p = 0.056). Patients with PD-L1 expression had shorter overall survival than those without (p = 0.022). Thus, MSI-H is a rare event and not a favorable prognostic factor in ovarian endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas. Thus, to improve the prognosis of ovarian endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinomas, a combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and other molecular targeted therapies may be required.
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28
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Tachon G, Chong-Si-Tsaon A, Lecomte T, Junca A, Frouin É, Miquelestorena-Standley E, Godet J, Evrard C, Randrian V, Chautard R, Auriault ML, Moulin V, Guyetant S, Fromont G, Karayan-Tapon L, Tougeron D. HSP110 as a Diagnostic but Not a Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer With Microsatellite Instability. Front Genet 2022; 12:769281. [PMID: 35047001 PMCID: PMC8762103 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.769281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) using molecular test and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) has major implications on colorectal cancer (CRC) management. The HSP110 T17 microsatellite has been reported to be more monomorphic than the common markers used for MSI determination. Large deletion of HSP110 T17 has been associated with efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in dMMR/MSI CRCs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interest of HSP110 deletion/expression as a diagnostic tool of dMMR/MSI CRCs and a predictive tool of adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy. All patients with MSI CRC classified by molecular testing were included in this multicenter prospective cohort (n = 381). IHC of the 4 MMR proteins was carried out. HSP110 expression was carried out by IHC (n = 343), and the size of HSP110 T17 deletion was determined by PCR (n = 327). In the 293 MSI CRCs with both tests, a strong correlation was found between the expression of HSP110 protein and the size of HSP110 T17 deletion. Only 5.8% of MSI CRCs had no HSP110 T17 deletion (n = 19/327). HSP110 T17 deletion helped to re-classify 4 of the 9 pMMR/MSI discordance cases as pMMR/MSS cases. We did not observe any correlation between HSP110 expression or HSP110 T17 deletion size with time to recurrence in patients with stage II and III CRC, treated with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. HSP110 is neither a robust prognosis marker nor a predictor tool of adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in dMMR/MSI CRC. However, HSP110 T17 is an interesting marker, which may be combined with the other pentaplex markers to identify discordant cases between MMR IHC and MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Tachon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM U-1084, Laboratoire des Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Arnaud Chong-Si-Tsaon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Audelaure Junca
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Éric Frouin
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Julie Godet
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Camille Evrard
- Service d'oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Violaine Randrian
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Romain Chautard
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marie-Luce Auriault
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier de la Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Valérie Moulin
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de la Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Serge Guyetant
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM U-1084, Laboratoire des Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - David Tougeron
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Fanale D, Corsini LR, Scalia R, Brando C, Cucinella A, Madonia G, Dimino A, Filorizzo C, Barraco N, Bono M, Fiorino A, Magrin L, Sciacchitano R, Perez A, Russo TDB, Pantuso G, Russo A, Bazan V. Can the tumor-agnostic evaluation of MSI/MMR status be the common denominator for the immunotherapy treatment of patients with several solid tumors? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 170:103597. [PMID: 35033663 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in short-repetitive DNA sequences, known as microsatellite instability (MSI), can reflect deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) system which represents a major player in DNA integrity maintenance. The incidence of MSI-H/dMMR has been shown to be variable depending on the tumor type. Several studies confirmed that dMMR/MSI status, although less frequent than PD-L1 expression, may better predict response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with solid tumors. In October 2016, the FDA granted pembrolizumab as breakthrough therapy for the treatment of non-CRC, MSI-H/dMMR tumors, providing, for the first time, a tumor-agnostic indication. In the next future, the tissue-agnostic evaluation of MSI-H/dMMR could become the common denominator for the immunotherapy treatment of patients with different advanced solid tumors, in order to select patient subgroups which may benefit from this therapy. In this Review we provided an overview of the main clinical studies describing the association between MSI-H/dMMR tumors and immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fanale
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lidia Rita Corsini
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Raimondo Scalia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Brando
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cucinella
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Madonia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dimino
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Clarissa Filorizzo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Bono
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorino
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Magrin
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Sciacchitano
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perez
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tancredi Didier Bazan Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianni Pantuso
- Unit of Oncological Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
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30
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Paweł K, Maria Małgorzata S. CpG Island Methylator Phenotype-A Hope for the Future or a Road to Nowhere? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020830. [PMID: 35055016 PMCID: PMC8777692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) can be regarded as the most notable emanation of epigenetic instability in cancer. Since its discovery in the late 1990s, CIMP has been extensively studied, mainly in colorectal cancers (CRC) and gliomas. Consequently, knowledge on molecular and pathological characteristics of CIMP in CRC and other tumour types has rapidly expanded. Concordant and widespread hypermethylation of multiple CpG islands observed in CIMP in multiple cancers raised hopes for future epigenetically based diagnostics and treatments of solid tumours. However, studies on CIMP in solid tumours were hampered by a lack of generalisability and reproducibility of epigenetic markers. Moreover, CIMP was not a satisfactory marker in predicting clinical outcomes. The idea of targeting epigenetic abnormalities such as CIMP for cancer therapy has not been implemented for solid tumours, either. Twenty-one years after its discovery, we aim to cover both the fundamental and new aspects of CIMP and its future application as a diagnostic marker and target in anticancer therapies.
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31
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Sorokin M, Rabushko E, Efimov V, Poddubskaya E, Sekacheva M, Simonov A, Nikitin D, Drobyshev A, Suntsova M, Buzdin A. Experimental and Meta-Analytic Validation of RNA Sequencing Signatures for Predicting Status of Microsatellite Instability. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:737821. [PMID: 34888350 PMCID: PMC8650122 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.737821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an important diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker. In colorectal, cervical, ovarian, and gastric cancers, it can guide the prescription of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In laboratory diagnostics of susceptible tumors, MSI is routinely detected by the size of marker polymerase chain reaction products encompassing frequent microsatellite expansion regions. Alternatively, MSI status is screened indirectly by immunohistochemical interrogation of microsatellite binding proteins. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) profiling is an emerging source of data for a wide spectrum of cancer biomarkers. Recently, three RNAseq-based gene signatures were deduced for establishing MSI status in tumor samples. They had 25, 15, and 14 gene products with only one common gene. However, they were developed and tested on the incomplete literature of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) sampling and never validated experimentally on independent RNAseq samples. In this study, we, for the first time, systematically validated these three RNAseq MSI signatures on the literature colorectal cancer (CRC) (n = 619), endometrial carcinoma (n = 533), gastric cancer (n = 380), uterine carcinosarcoma (n = 55), and esophageal cancer (n = 83) samples and on the set of experimental CRC RNAseq samples (n = 23) for tumors with known MSI status. We found that all three signatures performed well with area under the curve (AUC) ranges of 0.94–1 for the experimental CRCs and 0.94–1 for the TCGA CRC, esophageal cancer, and uterine carcinosarcoma samples. However, for the TCGA endometrial carcinoma and gastric cancer samples, only two signatures were effective with AUC 0.91–0.97, whereas the third signature showed a significantly lower AUC of 0.69–0.88. Software for calculating these MSI signatures using RNAseq data is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Sorokin
- Laboratory For Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA, United States
| | - Elizaveta Rabushko
- Laboratory For Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Efimov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Oncobox Ltd., Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Poddubskaya
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Sekacheva
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Simonov
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Oncobox Ltd., Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil Nikitin
- Oncobox Ltd., Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey Drobyshev
- Laboratory For Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Suntsova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA, United States.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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32
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Lin JH, Chen S, Pallavajjala A, Guedes LB, Lotan TL, Bacher JW, Eshleman JR. Validation of Long Mononucleotide Repeat Markers for Detection of Microsatellite Instability. J Mol Diagn 2021; 24:144-157. [PMID: 34864149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in solid tumors. Long mononucleotide repeat (LMR) markers may improve the interpretation of microsatellite instability (MSI) assays. Our cohorts included mismatch repair (MMR) proficient and dMMR colorectal cancer (CRC) samples, MMR proficient and dMMR endometrial cancer (EC) samples, dMMR prostate cancer samples, MSI-high (MSI-H) samples of other cancer types, and MSI-low (MSI-L) samples of various cancer types. MMR status was determined by immunohistochemical staining and/or MSI Analysis System Version 1.2 (V1.2). The sensitivity and specificity of the LMR MSI panel for dMMR detection were both 100% in CRC. The sensitivity values of the MSI V1.2 and LMR MSI panels in EC were 88% and 98%, respectively, and the specificity values were both 100%. The sensitivity of the LMR panel was 75% in dMMR prostate cancer detected by immunohistochemistry. The 22 samples of other cancer types that were previously classified as MSI-H were also classified as MSI-H using the LMR MSI panel. For the 12 samples that were previously classified as MSI-L, 1 sample was classified as microsatellite stable using the LMR MSI panel, 8 as MSI-L, and 3 as MSI-H. The LMR MSI panel showed high concordance to the MSI V1.2 panel in CRC and greater sensitivity in EC. The LMR MSI panel improves dMMR detection in noncolorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Lin
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Suping Chen
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aparna Pallavajjala
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liana B Guedes
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - James R Eshleman
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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33
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Ariyannur PS, Joy RA, Menon V, Paulose RR, Pavithran K, Vasudevan DM. Pilot Nanostring PanCancer pathway analysis of colon adenocarcinoma in a tertiary healthcare centre in Kerala, India. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1302. [PMID: 34824625 PMCID: PMC8580724 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of microsatellite instability and deoxyribonucleic acid mismatch repair deficiency in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) cases is higher in India compared to western populations. No major study on the molecular pathogenesis is currently available in the Indian population. We conducted a pilot study to explore the differences in molecular pathogenesis of microsatellite stable (MSS) and microsatellite unstable CRC from a tertiary care centre in Kerala, South India. Using Nanostring PanCancer panel assay in Stage II colorectal adenocarcinoma, tumour tissues (n = 11) were compared against normal colon tissues (n = 4). Differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified and super-imposed onto colon adenocarcinoma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data (TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA COAD)), from the Genome Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) to compare the gene associations. Significant DE genes were 59 out of 730 (false discovery rate adj. p-value < 0.05), 18 of which had a fold-change |FC(log2)| ≥ 2. On superimposition to TCGA COAD, 33 genes were significant in both TCGA and current study. ETV4 was expressed significantly higher in MSS with no immune cell infiltration. Other significant DE genes with high FC(log2), unique to the study were INHBA, COL1A1, COL11A1, COMP, SFRP4 and SPP1, which were clustered in STRING network analysis and correlated with tumour-infiltrating immune cells in TIMER, suggesting a specific interaction pathway. The preliminary study suggests a distinct pathogenesis of MSS CRC involving ETV4 in the Indian population and warrants further clinically extensive and high-dimensional expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth S Ariyannur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Reenu Anne Joy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Veena Menon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Roopa Rachel Paulose
- Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Keechilat Pavithran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Damodaran M Vasudevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
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Tonello M, Baratti D, Sammartino P, Di Giorgio A, Robella M, Sassaroli C, Framarini M, Valle M, Macrì A, Graziosi L, Coccolini F, Lippolis PV, Roberta G, Deraco M, Biacchi D, Santullo F, Vaira M, Di Lauro K, D'Acapito F, Carboni F, Giuffrè G, Donini A, Fugazzola P, Faviana P, Lorena S, Scapinello A, Del Bianco P, Sommariva A. Microsatellite and RAS/RAF Mutational Status as Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC). Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:3405-3417. [PMID: 34783946 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) leads to prolonged survival for selected patients with colorectal (CRC) peritoneal metastases (PM). This study aimed to analyze the prognostic role of micro-satellite (MS) status and RAS/RAF mutations for patients treated with CRS. METHODS Data were collected from 13 Italian centers with PM expertise within a collaborative group of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology. Clinical and pathologic variables and KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutational and MS status were correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS The study enrolled 437 patients treated with CRS-HIPEC. The median OS was 42.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.4-51.2 months], and the median DFS was 13.6 months (95% CI, 12.3-14.9 months). The local (peritoneal) DFS was 20.5 months (95% CI, 16.4-24.6 months). In addition to the known clinical factors, KRAS mutations (p = 0.005), BRAF mutations (p = 0.01), and MS status (p = 0.04) were related to survival. The KRAS- and BRAF-mutated patients had a shorter survival than the wild-type (WT) patients (5-year OS, 29.4% and 26.8% vs 51.5%, respectively). The patients with micro-satellite instability (MSI) had a longer survival than the patients with micro-satellite stability (MSS) (5-year OS, 58.3% vs 36.7%). The MSI/WT patients had the best prognosis. The MSS/WT and MSI/mutated patients had similar survivals, whereas the MSS/mutated patients showed the worst prognosis (5-year OS, 70.6%, 48.1%, 23.4%; p = 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, OS was related to the Peritoneal Cancer Index [hazard ratio (HR), 1.05 per point], completeness of cytoreduction (CC) score (HR, 2.8), N status (HR, 1.6), signet-ring (HR, 2.4), MSI/WT (HR, 0.5), and MSS/WT-MSI/mutation (HR, 0.4). Similar results were obtained for DFS. CONCLUSION For patients affected by CRC-PM who are eligible for CRS, clinical and pathologic criteria need to be integrated with molecular features (KRAS/BRAF mutation). Micro-satellite status should be strongly considered because MSI confers a survival advantage over MSS, even for mutated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tonello
- Unit of Surgical Oncology of the Esophagus and Digestive Tract, Surgical Oncology Department, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Dario Baratti
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Sammartino
- Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC Unit, Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Giorgio
- Surgical Unit of Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Robella
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sassaroli
- Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Abdominal Oncology Department, Fondazione Giovanni Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Framarini
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Mario Valle
- Peritoneal Malignancies Unit, INT "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Macrì
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Program, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigina Graziosi
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy.,General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Vincenzo Lippolis
- General and Peritoneal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital University Pisa (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Gelmini Roberta
- General and Oncological Surgery Unit, AOU of Modena University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Deraco
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Biacchi
- Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC Unit, Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santullo
- Surgical Unit of Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Vaira
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Katia Di Lauro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Acapito
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Fabio Carboni
- Peritoneal Malignancies Unit, INT "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giuffrè
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Section of Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Annibale Donini
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Fugazzola
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Pinuccia Faviana
- Pathological Anatomy III, Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital University Pisa (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Sorrentino Lorena
- General and Oncological Surgery Unit, AOU of Modena University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Sommariva
- Unit of Surgical Oncology of the Esophagus and Digestive Tract, Surgical Oncology Department, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
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De Marchi P, Berardinelli GN, Cavagna RDO, Pinto IA, da Silva FAF, Duval da Silva V, Santana IVV, da Silva ECA, Ferro Leal L, Reis RM. Microsatellite Instability Is Rare in the Admixed Brazilian Population of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Cohort of 526 Cases. Pathobiology 2021; 89:101-106. [PMID: 34781284 DOI: 10.1159/000520023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is uncommon; however, most studies refer to European and Asian populations. There are currently no data on MSI frequency in highly admixed populations, such as the one represented by Brazilian NSCLC patients. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of MSI in Brazilian NSCLC patients. METHODS We evaluated 526 patients diagnosed with NSCLC at the Barretos Cancer Hospital (Brazil). The molecular MSI evaluation was performed using a hexa-plex marker panel by polymerase chain reaction followed by fragment analysis. The mutation profile of MSI-positive cases was performed using next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Only 1 patient was MSI positive (0.19%). This patient was a female, white, and active smoker, and she was diagnosed with clinical stage IV lung adenocarcinoma at 75 years old. The molecular profile exhibited 4 Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) mutations and the absence of actionable mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS), or V-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B1 (BRAF) genes. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of MSI in Brazilian NSCLC patients is equally rare, a finding that is consistent with the current literature based on other populations such as Europeans, North Americans, and Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro De Marchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Oncoclinicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Icaro Alves Pinto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Duval da Silva
- Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leticia Ferro Leal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Diagnoses, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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36
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Abdollahi Z, Tabatabaiefar MA, Noruzi M, Miar P, Kazemi M, Naimi A, Emami MH, Zeinalian M. A Simplified Protocol for Microsatellite Instability Evaluation in Iranian Patients at Risk for Lynch Syndrome. Lab Med 2021; 53:235-241. [PMID: 34611695 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most important tumor characteristic of Lynch syndrome (LS) is microsatellite instability (MSI). In the current study, BAT34c4 and BAT26 mononucleotide markers were evaluated as part of efforts to test a cost-effective panel for MSI testing in Iranian patients, comparing it with the Promega kit. METHODS Amsterdam II clinical criteria were used to identify patients at risk for LS. The MSI status of these patients was determined using BAT34c4 and BAT26 markers, as well as the Promega kit. The results of both methods were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity of new short tandem repeat (STR) markers were estimated using statistical formulas. RESULTS Of the 37 patients we studied who were at risk for LS, 27% showed MSI-high results, via the Promega kit. The same results were achieved for BAT34c4 and BAT26 separately. CONCLUSIONS The novel 2-marker kit for MSI testing has similar accuracy as the Promega kit at a lower cost, due to fewer markers and a more economical labeling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Abdollahi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Noruzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Paniz Miar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Naimi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Ala Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Isfahan, Iran
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37
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Koh G, Degasperi A, Zou X, Momen S, Nik-Zainal S. Mutational signatures: emerging concepts, caveats and clinical applications. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:619-637. [PMID: 34316057 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing has brought the cancer genomics community into new territory. Thanks to the sheer power provided by the thousands of mutations present in each patient's cancer, we have been able to discern generic patterns of mutations, termed 'mutational signatures', that arise during tumorigenesis. These mutational signatures provide new insights into the causes of individual cancers, revealing both endogenous and exogenous factors that have influenced cancer development. This Review brings readers up to date in a field that is expanding in computational, experimental and clinical directions. We focus on recent conceptual advances, underscoring some of the caveats associated with using the mutational signature frameworks and highlighting the latest experimental insights. We conclude by bringing attention to areas that are likely to see advancements in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Koh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Degasperi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xueqing Zou
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sophie Momen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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38
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Pilard C, Ancion M, Delvenne P, Jerusalem G, Hubert P, Herfs M. Cancer immunotherapy: it's time to better predict patients' response. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:927-938. [PMID: 34112949 PMCID: PMC8476530 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In less than a decade, half a dozen immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved and are currently revolutionising the treatment of many cancer (sub)types. With the clinical evaluation of novel delivery approaches (e.g. oncolytic viruses, cancer vaccines, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity) and combination therapies (e.g. chemo/radio-immunotherapy) as well as the emergence of novel promising targets (e.g. TIGIT, LAG-3, TIM-3), the 'immunotherapy tsunami' is not about to end anytime soon. However, this enthusiasm in the field is somewhat tempered by both the relatively low percentage (<15%) of patients who display an effective anti-cancer immune response and the inability to accurately identify them. Recently, several existing or acquired features/parameters have been shown to impact the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In the present review, we critically discuss current knowledge regarding predictive biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy, highlight the missing/unclear links and emphasise the importance of characterising each neoplasm and its microenvironment in order to better guide the course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Pilard
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie Ancion
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium ,grid.411374.40000 0000 8607 6858Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Guy Jerusalem
- grid.411374.40000 0000 8607 6858Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pascale Hubert
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Michael Herfs
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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39
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Ratovomanana T, Cohen R, Svrcek M, Renaud F, Cervera P, Siret A, Letourneur Q, Buhard O, Bourgoin P, Guillerm E, Dorard C, Nicolle R, Ayadi M, Touat M, Bielle F, Sanson M, Le Rouzic P, Buisine MP, Piessen G, Collura A, Fléjou JF, de Reyniès A, Coulet F, Ghiringhelli F, André T, Jonchère V, Duval A. Performance of Next-Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer With Deficient DNA Mismatch Repair. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:814-826.e7. [PMID: 33992635 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to detect microsatellite instability (MSI) arising from defective mismatch repair (dMMR) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) before treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). In this study, we aimed to evaluate and improve the performance of NGS to identify MSI in CRC, especially dMMR mCRC treated with ICI. METHODS CRC samples used in this post hoc study were reassessed centrally for MSI and dMMR status using the reference methods of pentaplex polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to evaluate MSISensor, the Food and Drug Administration-approved and NGS-based method for assessment of MSI. This was performed in (1) a prospective, multicenter cohort of 102 patients with mCRC (C1; 25 dMMR/MSI, 24 treated with ICI) from clinical trials NCT02840604 and NCT033501260, (2) an independent retrospective, multicenter cohort of 113 patients (C2; 25 mCRC, 88 non-mCRC, all dMMR/MSI untreated with ICI), and (3) a publicly available series of 118 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (C3; 51 dMMR/MSI). A new NGS-based algorithm, namely MSICare, was developed. Its performance for assessment of MSI was compared with MSISensor in C1, C2, and C3 at the exome level or after downsampling sequencing data to the MSK-IMPACT gene panel. MSICare was validated in an additional retrospective, multicenter cohort (C4) of 152 patients with new CRC (137 dMMR/MSI) enriched in tumors deficient in MSH6 (n = 35) and PMS2 (n = 9) after targeted sequencing of samples with an optimized set of microsatellite markers (MSIDIAG). RESULTS At the exome level, MSISensor was highly specific but failed to diagnose MSI in 16% of MSI/dMMR mCRC from C1 (4 of 25; sensitivity, 84%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 63.9%-95.5%), 32% of mCRC (8 of 25; sensitivity, 68%; 95% CI, 46.5%-85.1%), and 9.1% of non-mCRC from C2 (8 of 88; sensitivity, 90.9%; 95% CI, 82.9%-96%), and 9.8% of CRC from C3 (5 of 51; sensitivity, 90.2%; 95% CI, 78.6%-96.7%). Misdiagnosis included 4 mCRCs treated with ICI, of which 3 showed an overall response rate without progression at this date. At the exome level, reevaluation of the MSI genomic signal using MSICare detected 100% of cases with true MSI status among C1 and C2. Further validation of MSICare was obtained in CRC tumors from C3, with 96.1% concordance for MSI status. Whereas misdiagnosis with MSISensor even increased when analyzing downsampled WES data from C1 and C2 with microsatellite markers restricted to the MSK-IMPACT gene panel (sensitivity, 72.5%; 95% CI, 64.2%-79.7%), particularly in the MSH6-deficient setting, MSICare sensitivity and specificity remained optimal (100%). Similar results were obtained with MSICare after targeted NGS of tumors from C4 with the optimized microsatellite panel MSIDIAG (sensitivity, 99.3%; 95% CI, 96%-100%; specificity, 100%). CONCLUSIONS In contrast to MSISensor, the new MSICare test we propose performs at least as efficiently as the reference method, MSI polymerase chain reaction, to detect MSI in CRC regardless of the defective MMR protein under both WES and targeted NGS conditions. We suggest MSICare may rapidly become a reference method for NGS-based testing of MSI in CRC, especially in mCRC, where accurate MSI status is required before the prescription of ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toky Ratovomanana
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Florence Renaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Pascale Cervera
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Siret
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Letourneur
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Buhard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bourgoin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Erell Guillerm
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Coralie Dorard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Remy Nicolle
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs," Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Mira Ayadi
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs," Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Touat
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Département de Neuropathologie, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sanson
- Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Département de Neuropathologie, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Le Rouzic
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Buisine
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France; Molecular Oncogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Piessen
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France; Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez University Hospital, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ada Collura
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Fléjou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs," Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Florence Coulet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR866, Burgundy University, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry André
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Medical Oncology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Jonchère
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alex Duval
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer (SIRIC) Cancer United Research Associating Medicine, University & Society (CURAMUS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Genetics Department, AP-HP, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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40
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Kang SY, Kim KM. Highly sensitive duplex MSI test and BAT40 germline polymorphism. APMIS 2021; 129:607-615. [PMID: 34342050 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tumors exhibiting DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency and microsatellite instability (MSI) are responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. MSI is frequently diagnosed using five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide (pentaplex) markers; however, the assays have several technical limitations, including the lack of sensitivity of some of the markers. Although markers with increased sensitivity, such as CAT25 and BAT40, have been introduced, the majority of multiplex MSI tests have only been studied in Western populations and require further evaluation in an Asian cohort. This study tested the efficacy of BAT26, CAT25, and BAT40 mononucleotide MSI markers via triplex PCR on 300 samples from patients with advanced cancers from a Korean clinical population. The results were directly compared with those of a pentaplex MSI test and tumor mutation burden (TMB) status, and an additional 60 MSI-H cancers were used for further validation. Four (1.3%) out of 300 advanced tumors were MSI-high (MSI-H). In the pentaplex PCR assay, two colorectal cancers (0.7%) exhibited instability only with the BAT25 mononucleotide marker and were interpreted as MSI-low (MSI-L). In the triplex PCR assay, BAT40 was unstable in 64 cases (21%) and the results did not overlap with those of MSI-L from pentaplex. Given the high frequency of isolated BAT40 instability, we performed the same triplex PCR with DNA obtained from normal controls and found BAT40 polymorphisms in 37 cases (90%). Interestingly, the median TMB of the cases with BAT40 polymorphism was significantly higher (7.0 mt/Mb) than that of BAT40 wild-type cases (5.5 mt/Mb) (p = 0.003). The triplex PCR results from 60 additional MSI-H cancers correlated perfectly (100%) with those of pentaplex PCR, and the results were consistent for two (BAT26 and CAT25) markers. BAT40 germline polymorphism is common in the Korean population and is associated with higher TMB values. The simple duplex (BAT26 and CAT25) MSI test provided the same sensitivity and specificity as pentaplex PCR tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.,Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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41
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Nshizirungu JP, Bennis S, Mellouki I, Benajah DA, Lahmidani N, El Bouhaddoutti H, Ibn Majdoub K, Ibrahimi SA, Pires Celeiro S, Viana-Pereira M, Manuel Reis R. Microsatellite Instability Analysis in Gastric Carcinomas of Moroccan Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:116-123. [PMID: 33596142 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate correlations between microsatellite instability (MSI) and the phenotype, clinicopathological features, and overall survival (OS) in Moroccan gastric cancer (GC) patients. We evaluated the mutation frequency of 22 MSI-target genes in MSI-positive tumors. Materials and Methods: MSI evaluation were performed for 97 gastric tumors by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a panel of five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide repeat markers (NR27, NR21, NR24, BAT25, and BAT26). The mutation profiles of 22 MSI-target genes were assessed by multiplex PCR and genotyping. Kaplan-Meier curves, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to conduct survival analyses. Results: Microsatellite stable (MSS) status was observed in 77/97 (79.4%) gastric cancer samples, MSI-Low in 7 (7.2%) samples, and MSI-High (MSI-H) in 13 (13.4%) cases. The MSI-H phenotype was significantly associated with older age (p = 0.004), tumor location (p < 0.001), and intestinal-type of Lauren classification (p < 0.001). Among the 22 MSI target genes analyzed, the most frequently altered genes were HSP110 (84.6%), EGFR (30.8%), BRCA2 (23.1%), MRE11 (23.1%), and MSH3 (23.1%). Multivariate analysis revealed the MSS phenotype (Hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-7.4; p = 0.014) as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in our population. Conclusions: This study is the first analysis of MSI in Moroccan GC patients. MSI-H GCs have distinct clinicopathological features and an improved OS. We have identified candidate target genes altered in MSI-positive tumors with potential clinical implications. These findings can guide immunotherapy designed for Moroccan GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Nshizirungu
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sanae Bennis
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ihsane Mellouki
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Dafr-Allah Benajah
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Nada Lahmidani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Karim Ibn Majdoub
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sidi Adil Ibrahimi
- Department of General Surgery, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sónia Pires Celeiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marta Viana-Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
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42
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Tran-Minh ML, Lehmann-Che J, Lambert J, Theou-Anton N, Poté N, Dior M, Mary F, Goujon G, Gardair C, Schischmanoff O, Kaci R, Cucherousset N, Bertheau P, Couvelard A, Aparicio T. Prevalence and prognosis of microsatellite instability in oesogastric adenocarcinoma, NORDICAP 16-01. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101691. [PMID: 33852952 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence and prognosis association of microsatellite instability (MSI) in oesogastric junction and gastric adenocarcinoma (OGC) have been reported with conflicting results. METHODS Patients with OGC from 2010 to 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective multicenter study. MSI was determined by genotyping. MLH1 promoter methylation and BRAFV600E mutation were screened in the MSI tumors. RESULTS Among 315 tumors analyzed, 39 (12.4%) were of the MSI phenotype. Compared to MSS tumors, MSI tumors were more frequent in patients >70 years (17% vs 9%, p=0.048) and in gastric antral primary (20% versus 5% in junction tumor and 12% in fundus tumor. Among 29 MSI tumors analyzed, 28 had a loss of MLH1 protein expression and 27 had MLH1 promotor hypermethylation. None had a BRAF V600E mutation. The 4-year cumulative incidence of recurrence for patients with resected tumor was significantly lower in dMMR tumors versus pMMR tumors (17% versus 47%, p=0.01). For the patients with unresectable tumor the median overall survival was 11 months in MSS group and 14 months in MSI group (p=0.24). CONCLUSION MSI prevalence in OGC was 12.4%, associated with antral localization and advanced age. Patients with MSI tumors had a lower cumulative incidence of recurrence after surgery. MSI phenotype was mainly associated with loss of MLH1 protein expression, MLH1 promotor hypermethylation and had no BRAFV600E mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- My-Linh Tran-Minh
- Service de gastro entérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | | | - Jerôme Lambert
- Service de biostatistique et information médicale, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Poté
- Service de pathologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie Dior
- Service de gastro entérologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Colombes, France
| | - Florence Mary
- Service de gastro entérologie, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Gael Goujon
- Service de gastro entérologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Schischmanoff
- Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Rachid Kaci
- Service de pathologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Anne Couvelard
- Service de pathologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Aparicio
- Service de gastro entérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Carrato C, Sanz C, Muñoz-Mármol AM, Blanco I, Pineda M, Del Valle J, Dámaso E, Esteller M, Musulen E. The Challenge of Diagnosing Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome in Brain Malignancies from Young Individuals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094629. [PMID: 33924881 PMCID: PMC8124255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Biallelic germline mismatch repair (MMR) gene (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) mutations are an extremely rare event that causes constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome. CMMRD is underdiagnosed and often debuts with pediatric malignant brain tumors. A high degree of clinical awareness of the CMMRD phenotype is needed to identify new cases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of MMR protein expression and analysis of microsatellite instability (MSI) are the first tools with which to initiate the study of this syndrome in solid malignancies. MMR IHC shows a hallmark pattern with absence of staining in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells for the biallelic mutated gene. However, MSI often fails in brain malignancies. The aim of this report is to draw attention to the peculiar IHC profile that characterizes CMMRD syndrome and to review the difficulties in reaching an accurate diagnosis by describing the case of two siblings with biallelic MSH6 germline mutations and brain tumors. Given the difficulties involved in early diagnosis of CMMRD we propose the use of the IHC of MMR proteins in all malignant brain tumors diagnosed in individuals younger than 25 years-old to facilitate the diagnosis of CMMRD and to select those neoplasms that will benefit from immunotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carrato
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.M.M.-M.)
| | - Carolina Sanz
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.M.M.-M.)
| | - Ana María Muñoz-Mármol
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.M.M.-M.)
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Program on Clinical Genetics and Genetic Counseling, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Marta Pineda
- Hereditary Cancer Program, ONCOBELL Program, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitaled de Liobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (J.D.V.); (E.D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jesús Del Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Program, ONCOBELL Program, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitaled de Liobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (J.D.V.); (E.D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Estela Dámaso
- Hereditary Cancer Program, ONCOBELL Program, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitaled de Liobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (J.D.V.); (E.D.)
| | - Manel Esteller
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Musulen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.M.M.-M.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Grupo QuirónSalud, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Takimoto R, Kamigaki T, Gotoda T, Takahashi T, Okada S, Ibe H, Oguma E, Goto S. Esophageal cancer responsive to the combination of immune cell therapy and low-dose nivolumab: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:191. [PMID: 33827668 PMCID: PMC8028114 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blocking the programmed death 1 pathway by immune checkpoint inhibitors induces dramatic antitumor activity in patients with malignant tumors. However, the clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors remains limited owing to the patients’ immunological status, such as the number of lymphocytes, programmed death ligand 1 expression, and tumor mutation burden. In this study, we successfully treated two patients with advanced esophageal cancer who responded to the combination of adoptive immune cell therapy and a low-dose immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab. Case presentation Two Asian (Japanese) patients with advanced esophageal cancer who were resistant to conventional chemoradiation therapy were referred to our hospital for immune therapy. Case 1 was a 66-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having esophageal cancer. She received concurrent chemoradiation therapy and then underwent subtotal esophagectomy, after which she became cancer free. However, she relapsed, and cancer cells were found in the lung and lymph nodes 6 months later. She enrolled in a clinical trial at our institution (clinical trial number UMIN000028756). She received adoptive immune cell therapy twice at a 2-week interval followed by low-dose nivolumab with adoptive immune cell therapy four times at 2-week intervals. A follow-up computed tomography scan showed partial response, with mass reduction of the metastatic lung and mediastinal lesions. Case 2 was a 77-year-old man. He received concurrent chemoradiation therapy with fluoropyrimidine/platinum, and gastroscopy revealed complete remission of esophageal cancer. He was disease free for 5 months, but routine computed tomography revealed multiple metastases in his lungs and lymph nodes. He visited our clinic to receive adoptive immune cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy. Radiographic evidence showed continuous improvement of lesions. There was no evidence of severe adverse events during the combination therapy. Conclusion The combination of adoptive immune cell therapy and an immune checkpoint inhibitor might be a possible treatment strategy for advanced esophageal cancer. Trial registration UMIN000028756. Registered 14 September 2017
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishu Takimoto
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan. .,Department of Next-Generation Cell and Immune Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Yamanoue Bldg. 7F, 3-2-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kamigaki
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.,Department of Next-Generation Cell and Immune Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Yamanoue Bldg. 7F, 3-2-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nihon University, 1-6, Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8309, Japan
| | - Toshimi Takahashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nihon University, 1-6, Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8309, Japan
| | - Sachiko Okada
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ibe
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Eri Oguma
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Shigenori Goto
- Seta Clinic Group, New Surugadai Bldg. 3F, 2-1-45 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.,Department of Next-Generation Cell and Immune Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Yamanoue Bldg. 7F, 3-2-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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45
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Sychevskaya KA, Risinskaya NV, Kravchenko SK, Nikulina EE, Misyurina AE, Magomedova AU, Sudarikov AB. Pitfalls in mononucleotide microsatellite repeats instability assessing (MSI) in the patients with B-cell lymphomas. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:181-186. [PMID: 33793119 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-3-181-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of microsatellite instability (MSI) is a routine study in the diagnostics of solid malignancies. The standard for determining MSI is a pentaplex PCR panel of mononucleotide repeats: NR-21, NR-24, NR-27, BAT-25, BAT-26. The presence of MSI is established based on differences in the length of markers in the tumor tissue and in the control, but due to the quasimonomorphic nature of standard mononucleotide loci the use of a control sample is not necessary in the diagnosis of MSI-positive solid tumors. The significance of the MSI phenomenon in oncohematology has not been established. This paper presents the results of a study of MSI in B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL). We have shown that aberrations of mononucleotide markers occur in these diseases, but the nature of the changes does not correspond to the classical MSI in solid neoplasms. This fact requires further study of the pathogenesis of such genetic disorders. Due to the possibility of ambiguous interpretation of the results of the MSI study for previously uncharacterized diseases, strict compliance with the methodology of parallel analysis of the tumor tissue and the control sample is mandatory.
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Gilson P, Merlin JL, Harlé A. Detection of Microsatellite Instability: State of the Art and Future Applications in Circulating Tumour DNA (ctDNA). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071491. [PMID: 33804907 PMCID: PMC8037825 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular fingerprint for defects in the mismatch repair system (dMMR) and is associated with higher risks of cancers. MSI/dMMR tumours are characterized by the accumulation of mutations throughout the genome, and particularly in microsatellite (MS) DNA repeat sequences. MSI stands as a major biomarker for familial cancer risk assessment, cancer prognosis, and therapeutic choices. Standard-of-care classification of MSI/dMMR tumours is most frequently achieved using immunohistochemistry or PCR-based assay directed against a set of five MS regions. However, novel molecular methods based on tumour tissue or plasma samples have been developed and could enter in the future trends of MSI testing. Here, we provide insights into these emerging approaches and discuss their advantages and limitations. Abstract Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular scar resulting from a defective mismatch repair system (dMMR) and associated with various malignancies. MSI tumours are characterized by the accumulation of mutations throughout the genome and particularly clustered in highly repetitive microsatellite (MS) regions. MSI/dMMR status is routinely assessed in solid tumours for the initial screening of Lynch syndrome, the evaluation of cancer prognosis, and treatment decision-making. Currently, pentaplex PCR-based methods and MMR immunohistochemistry on tumour tissue samples are the standard diagnostic methods for MSI/dMMR. Other tissue methods such as next-generation sequencing or real-time PCR-based systems have emerged and represent viable alternatives to standard MSI testing in specific settings. The evolution of the standard molecular techniques has offered the opportunity to extend MSI determination to liquid biopsy based on the analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma. This review aims at synthetizing the standard and emerging techniques used on tumour tissue samples for MSI/dMMR determination. We also provide insights into the MSI molecular techniques compatible with liquid biopsy and the potential clinical consequences for patients with solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Gilson
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-8365-6035; Fax: +33-(0)3-8365-6152
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47
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Siemanowski J, Schömig-Markiefka B, Buhl T, Haak A, Siebolts U, Dietmaier W, Arens N, Pauly N, Ataseven B, Büttner R, Merkelbach-Bruse S. Managing Difficulties of Microsatellite Instability Testing in Endometrial Cancer-Limitations and Advantages of Four Different PCR-Based Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1268. [PMID: 33809329 PMCID: PMC8000432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI), a common alteration in endometrial cancers (EC) is known as a biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy response alongside screening for Lynch Syndrome (LS). However, former studies described challenging MSI profiles in EC hindering analysis by using MSI testing methods intensively validated for colorectal cancer (CRC) only. In order to reduce false negatives, this study examined four different PCR-based approaches for MSI testing using 25 EC samples already tested for mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). In a follow up validation set of 75 EC samples previously tested both for MMR and MSI, the efficiency of a seven-marker system corresponding to the Idylla system was further analyzed. Both Bethesda and Promega marker panels require trained operators to overcome interpretation complexities caused by either hardly visible additional peaks of one and two nucleotides, or small shifts in microsatellite repeat length. Using parallel sequencing adjustment of bioinformatics is needed. Applying the Idylla MSI assay, an evaluation of input material is more crucial for reliable results and is indispensable. Following MMR deficiency testing as a first-line screening procedure, additional testing with a PCR-based method is necessary if inconclusive staining of immunohistochemistry (IHC) must be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Siemanowski
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany; (B.S.-M.); (T.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Birgid Schömig-Markiefka
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany; (B.S.-M.); (T.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Theresa Buhl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany; (B.S.-M.); (T.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Anja Haak
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), D-06112 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (U.S.)
| | - Udo Siebolts
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), D-06112 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (U.S.)
| | - Wolfgang Dietmaier
- Institute of Pathology, University Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Norbert Arens
- Center for Histology, Cytology and Molecular Diagnostics Trier, D-54296 Trier, Germany;
| | - Nina Pauly
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, D-45136 Essen, Germany; (N.P.); (B.A.)
| | - Beyhan Ataseven
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, D-45136 Essen, Germany; (N.P.); (B.A.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany; (B.S.-M.); (T.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany; (B.S.-M.); (T.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.-B.)
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Inoue K, Kai K, Sato S, Nishida H, Hirakawa K, Nasu K, Narahara H. Mixed large and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium with high microsatellite instability: A case report and literature review. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2021; 9:2050313X21999200. [PMID: 33738100 PMCID: PMC7934024 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x21999200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 65-year-old, gravida 3, para 2 Japanese woman was referred to our hospital for symptomatic thickening of the endometrial lining. Endocervical and endometrial cytology revealed an adenocarcinoma. The endometrial biopsy specimen was mixed, with a glandular part diagnosed as endometrioid carcinoma and a solid part diagnosed as high-grade mixed large and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (L/SCNEC). She underwent extra-fascial hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, complete pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, and omentectomy (FIGO IIIB, pT3b pN0 M0). She currently has no deleterious germline mutation, but high tumor mutation burden and high microsatellite instability (MSI) were identified. She underwent six cycles of platinum-based frontline chemotherapy and achieved complete remission. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is a promising second-line therapy for MSI-high solid tumors. However, the MSI or mismatch repair (MMR) status of endometrial L/SCNEC remains unclear in the literature. Universal screening for MSI/MMR status is needed, particularly for a rare and aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Inoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Shimpei Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Haruto Nishida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Koji Hirakawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kaei Nasu
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Support System for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
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Yang Y, Jain RK, Glenn ST, Xu B, Singh PK, Wei L, Hu Q, Long M, Hutson N, Wang J, Battaglia S, George S. Complete response to anti-PD-L1 antibody in a metastatic bladder cancer associated with novel MSH4 mutation and microsatellite instability. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2019-000128. [PMID: 32221012 PMCID: PMC7206971 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) occurs in 3% of urothelial carcinomas as a result of germline or somatic loss of function mutation in mismatch repair (MMR) proteins.1 Although MSH4 is a member of the DNA MMR mutS family, the association of MSH4 mutation with MSI has not been described. We report a complete responder to PD-L1 blockade who had MSH4 mutated metastatic bladder cancer with mixed histology and MSI. The genomics of urothelial, plasmacytoid and squamous histology was characterized individually through microdissection. Case presentation An 81-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic urothelial carcinoma 8 months after a cystectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer. His disease was primary refractory to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy but attained complete response to second-line atezolizumab. PCR-based assay revealed MSI high. The tumor mutational burden was elevated to 36.7 mut/Mb. However, immunohistochemistry of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 was intact. Whole exome sequencing confirmed that the above mentioned four classic MMR genes were wild type but revealed a deleterious MSH4 L359I mutation with variant allele fraction of 30% and Polyphen2 score of 0.873. The association of MSH4 alterations and MSI-H was independently verified in two publicly available MSI-H colorectal cancer datasets. Conclusions The novel MSH4 L359I mutation is associated with MSI and high mutational burden leading to remarkable response to PD-L1 blockade. More studies are warranted to establish the causality relationship between MSH4 and MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanquan Yang
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA .,Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Rohit K Jain
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sean T Glenn
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Mark Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas Hutson
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | | | - Saby George
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
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50
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Niwa K, Kawakita D, Nagao T, Takahashi H, Saotome T, Okazaki M, Yamazaki K, Okamoto I, Hirai H, Saigusa N, Fushimi C, Masubuchi T, Miura K, Okazaki SI, Matsui H, Okada T, Iwaki S, Matsuki T, Hanyu K, Tsukahara K, Oridate N, Tada Y. Multicentre, retrospective study of the efficacy and safety of nivolumab for recurrent and metastatic salivary gland carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16988. [PMID: 33046752 PMCID: PMC7552420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective against various cancers, little is known regarding their role in salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) treatment. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab monotherapy in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic SGC. In this multicentre retrospective study, nivolumab (240 mg) was administered every 2 weeks. The overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety were examined; the correlation between treatment outcomes and clinicopathological factors was analysed. Twenty-four patients were enrolled; the most common histopathology was salivary duct carcinoma. Eleven tumours were PD-L1-positive; no tumour was microsatellite instability-high. The ORR was 4.2%, and the median PFS and OS were 1.6 and 10.7 months, respectively. One patient continued nivolumab for 28 months without disease progression. One patient showed grade 4 increase in creatine phosphokinase levels and grade 3 myositis. Biomarker analysis revealed significantly increased OS in patients with performance status of 0; modified Glasgow prognostic score of 0; low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein; and high lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and in patients who received systemic therapy following nivolumab. Although nivolumab's efficacy against SGC was limited, some patients achieved long-term disease control. Further studies are warranted on ICI use for SGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutomo Niwa
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawakita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takashi Saotome
- Division of Medical Oncology, Matsudo City Hospital, Chiba, 270-2252, Japan
| | - Masashi Okazaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nihonkai General Hospital, Yamagata, 998-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamazaki
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | - Isaku Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hirai
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Natsuki Saigusa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Chihiro Fushimi
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Masubuchi
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
| | - Kouki Miura
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Okazaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nihonkai General Hospital, Yamagata, 998-8501, Japan
| | - Hirooki Matsui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nihonkai General Hospital, Yamagata, 998-8501, Japan
| | - Takuro Okada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Sho Iwaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, 252-0375, Japan
| | - Kenji Hanyu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Tsukahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Oridate
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tada
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan.
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