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Holay N, Somma A, Duchow M, Soleimani M, Capasso A, Kottapalli S, Rios J, Giri U, Diamond J, Schreiber A, Piscopio AD, Van Den Berg C, Eckhardt SG, Triplett TA. Elucidating the direct effects of the novel HDAC inhibitor bocodepsin (OKI-179) on T cells to rationally design regimens for combining with immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260545. [PMID: 37744352 PMCID: PMC10513502 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are currently being explored for the treatment of both solid and hematological malignancies. Although originally thought to exert cytotoxic responses through tumor-intrinsic mechanisms by increasing expression of tumor suppressor genes, several studies have demonstrated that therapeutic responses depend on an intact adaptive immune system: particularly CD8 T cells. It is therefore critical to understand how HDACi directly affects T cells in order to rationally design regimens for combining with immunotherapy. In this study, we evaluated T cell responses to a novel class-selective HDACi (OKI-179, bocodepsin) by assessing histone acetylation levels, which revealed rapid responsiveness accompanied by an increase in CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies in the blood. However, these rapid responses were transient, as histone acetylation and frequencies waned within 24 hours. This contrasts with in vitro models where high acetylation was sustained and continuous exposure to HDACi suppressed cytokine production. In vivo comparisons demonstrated that stopping OKI-179 treatment during PD-1 blockade was superior to continuous treatment. These findings provide novel insight into the direct effects of HDAC inhibitors on T cells and that treatment schedules that take into account acute T cell effects should be considered when combined with immunotherapies in order to fully harness the tumor-specific T cell responses in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Holay
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Alexander Somma
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Mark Duchow
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Milad Soleimani
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Anna Capasso
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Srividya Kottapalli
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Joshua Rios
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Uma Giri
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Diamond
- OnKure Therapeutics, Boulder, CO, United States
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Anna Schreiber
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Carla Van Den Berg
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - S. Gail Eckhardt
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Todd A. Triplett
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Immunotherapeutics & Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, United States
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Marine Cyanobacteria as Sources of Lead Anticancer Compounds: A Review of Families of Metabolites with Cytotoxic, Antiproliferative, and Antineoplastic Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154814. [PMID: 35956762 PMCID: PMC9369884 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is highly diverse, each living creature fighting to establish and proliferate. Among marine organisms, cyanobacteria are astounding secondary metabolite producers representing a wonderful source of biologically active molecules aimed to communicate, defend from predators, or compete. Studies on these molecules’ origins and activities have been systematic, although much is still to be discovered. Their broad chemical diversity results from integrating peptide and polyketide synthetases and synthases, along with cascades of biosynthetic transformations resulting in new chemical structures. Cyanobacteria are glycolipid, macrolide, peptide, and polyketide producers, and to date, hundreds of these molecules have been isolated and tested. Many of these compounds have demonstrated important bioactivities such as cytotoxicity, antineoplastic, and antiproliferative activity with potential pharmacological uses. Some are currently under clinical investigation. Additionally, conventional chemotherapeutic treatments include drugs with a well-known range of side effects, making anticancer drug research from new sources, such as marine cyanobacteria, necessary. This review is focused on the anticancer bioactivities of metabolites produced by marine cyanobacteria, emphasizing the identification of each variant of the metabolite family, their chemical structures, and the mechanisms of action underlying their biological and pharmacological activities.
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Diamond JR, Pitts TM, Ungermannova D, Nasveschuk CG, Zhang G, Phillips AJ, Bagby SM, Pafford J, Yacob BW, Newton TP, Tentler JJ, Gittleman B, Hartman SJ, DeMattei JA, Winkler JD, Wendt MK, Schiemann WP, Eckhardt SG, Liu X, Piscopio AD. Preclinical Development of the Class-I-Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OKI-179 for the Treatment of Solid Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:397-406. [PMID: 34965958 PMCID: PMC9600708 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play critical roles in epigenomic regulation, and histone acetylation is dysregulated in many human cancers. Although HDAC inhibitors are active in T-cell lymphomas, poor isoform selectivity, narrow therapeutic indices, and a deficiency of reliable biomarkers may contribute to the lack of efficacy in solid tumors. In this article, we report the discovery and preclinical development of the novel, orally bioavailable, class-I-selective HDAC inhibitor, OKI-179. OKI-179 and its cell active predecessor OKI-005 are thioester prodrugs of the active metabolite OKI-006, a unique congener of the natural product HDAC inhibitor largazole. OKI-006, OKI-005, and subsequently OKI-179, were developed through a lead candidate optimization program designed to enhance physiochemical properties without eroding potency and selectivity relative to largazole. OKI-005 displays antiproliferative activity in vitro with induction of apoptosis and increased histone acetylation, consistent with target engagement. OKI-179 showed antitumor activity in preclinical cancer models with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and on-target pharmacodynamic effects. Based on its potency, desirable class I HDAC inhibition profile, oral bioavailability, and efficacy against a broad range of solid tumors, OKI-179 is currently being evaluated in a first-in-human phase I clinical trial with plans for continued clinical development in solid tumor and hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Diamond
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Todd M. Pitts
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | - Gan Zhang
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | | | - Stacey M. Bagby
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jessica Pafford
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Betelehem W. Yacob
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Timothy P. Newton
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - John J. Tentler
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Brian Gittleman
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Sarah J. Hartman
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Gail Eckhardt
- University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Oncology, Austin, TX
| | - Xuedong Liu
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
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