1
|
Perdan-Pirkmajer K, Pirkmajer S, Thevis M, Thomas A, Praprotnik S, Hočevar A, Rotar Ž, Gašperšič N, Sodin-Šemrl S, Žibert J, Omersel J, Chibalin AV, Tomšič M, Ambrožič A. Methotrexate reduces HbA1c concentration but does not produce chronic accumulation of ZMP in patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2016; 45:347-55. [PMID: 26726793 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2015.1105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mechanism by which methotrexate (MTX) improves glucose homeostasis in patients with rheumatoid (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) remains undetermined. Animal studies indicate a role for intracellular accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl 5'-monophosphate (ZMP) but this has not been directly demonstrated in humans. We explored whether accumulation of ZMP is associated with improvements in glucose homeostasis during MTX therapy. METHOD MTX-naïve, non-diabetic RA (n = 16) and PsA (n = 10) patients received uninterrupted MTX treatment for 6 months. To evaluate whether ZMP accumulated during MTX therapy, we measured the concentration of ZMP in erythrocytes and the concentration of its dephosphorylated derivative 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) in urine using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To assess glucose homeostasis, we determined the concentration of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR: fasting glucose (mmol/L) × fasting insulin (μU/mL)/22.5]. RESULTS Erythrocyte ZMP and urinary AICAR concentrations did not increase during 6 months of MTX therapy. HbA1c concentration was reduced from 5.80 ± 0.29% at baseline to 5.51 ± 0.32% at 6 months (p < 0.001), while HOMA-IR remained unaltered. Reduction in HbA1c concentration was not associated with increased ZMP or AICAR concentrations. CONCLUSIONS MTX therapy probably does not produce a chronic increase in erythrocyte ZMP or urinary AICAR concentrations. Collectively, our data do not support the hypothesis that MTX improves glucose homeostasis through chronic accumulation of ZMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Perdan-Pirkmajer
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - S Pirkmajer
- b Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - M Thevis
- c Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Preventive Doping Research , German Sport University Cologne , Germany
| | - A Thomas
- c Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Preventive Doping Research , German Sport University Cologne , Germany
| | - S Praprotnik
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - A Hočevar
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Ž Rotar
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - N Gašperšič
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - S Sodin-Šemrl
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - J Žibert
- d Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - J Omersel
- e Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - A V Chibalin
- f Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - M Tomšič
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - A Ambrožič
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ceballos-Picot I, Le Dantec A, Brassier A, Jaïs JP, Ledroit M, Cahu J, Ea HK, Daignan-Fornier B, Pinson B. New biomarkers for early diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan disease revealed by metabolic analysis on a large cohort of patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:7. [PMID: 25612837 PMCID: PMC4320826 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lesch-Nyhan disease is a rare X-linked neurodevelopemental metabolic disorder caused by a wide variety of mutations in the HPRT1 gene leading to a deficiency of the purine recycling enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGprt). The residual HGprt activity correlates with the various phenotypes of Lesch-Nyhan (LN) patients and in particular with the different degree of neurobehavioral disturbances. The prevalence of this disease is considered to be underestimated due to large heterogeneity of its clinical symptoms and the difficulty of diagnosing of the less severe forms of the disease. We therefore searched for metabolic changes that would facilitate an early diagnosis and give potential clues on the disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. METHODS Lesch-Nyhan patients were diagnosed using HGprt enzymatic assay in red blood cells and identification of the causal HPRT1 gene mutations. These patients were subsequently classified into the three main phenotypic subgroups ranging from patients with only hyperuricemia to individuals presenting motor dysfunction, cognitive disability and self-injurious behavior. Metabolites from the three classes of patients were analyzed and quantified by High Performance Ionic Chromatography and biomarkers of HGprt deficiency were then validated by statistical analyses. RESULTS A cohort of 139 patients, from 112 families, diagnosed using HGprt enzymatic assay in red blood cells, was studied. 98 displayed LN full phenotype (86 families) and 41 (26 families) had attenuated clinical phenotypes. Genotype/phenotype correlations show that LN full phenotype was correlated to genetic alterations resulting in null enzyme function, while variant phenotypes are often associated with missense mutations allowing some residual HGprt activity. Analysis of metabolites extracted from red blood cells from 56 LN patients revealed strong variations specific to HGprt deficiency for six metabolites (AICAR mono- and tri-phosphate, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, ATP and Succinyl-AMP) as compared to controls including hyperuricemic patients without HGprt deficiency. CONCLUSIONS A highly significant correlation between six metabolites and the HGprt deficiency was established, each of them providing an easily measurable marker of the disease. Their combination strongly increases the probability of an early and reliable diagnosis for HGprt deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irène Ceballos-Picot
- Laboratoire de Biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France. .,Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006, France. .,Centre de référence "Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires de l'enfant à l'adulte" Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Aurélia Le Dantec
- Université de Bordeaux, IBGC UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux, F-33077, France. .,Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095 1 rue C. Saint-Saëns CS 61390 F-33077, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Anaïs Brassier
- Centre de référence "Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires de l'enfant à l'adulte" Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Jean-Philippe Jaïs
- Service de Biostatistique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Morgan Ledroit
- Laboratoire de Biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Julie Cahu
- Laboratoire de Biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Hang-Korng Ea
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre Viggo Petersen, Inserm UMR 1132 (Ex-606), 2 rue Ambroise Paré, Paris, 75010, France.
| | - Bertrand Daignan-Fornier
- Université de Bordeaux, IBGC UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux, F-33077, France. .,Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095 1 rue C. Saint-Saëns CS 61390 F-33077, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Benoît Pinson
- Université de Bordeaux, IBGC UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux, F-33077, France. .,Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095 1 rue C. Saint-Saëns CS 61390 F-33077, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Longnus SL, Wambolt RB, Parsons HL, Brownsey RW, Allard MF. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta -D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) stimulates myocardial glycogenolysis by allosteric mechanisms. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003; 284:R936-44. [PMID: 12626360 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00319.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes myocardial glycogenolysis by decreasing glycogen synthase (GS) and/or increasing glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activities. Isolated working hearts from halothane-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats perfused in the absence or presence of 0.8 or 1.2 mM 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an adenosine analog and cell-permeable activator of AMPK, were studied. Glycogen degradation was increased by AICAR, while glycogen synthesis was not affected. AICAR increased myocardial 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-d-ribofuranotide (ZMP), the active intracellular form of AICAR, but did not alter the activity of GS and GP measured in tissue homogenates or the content of glucose-6-phosphate and adenine nucleotides in freeze-clamped tissue. Importantly, the calculated intracellular concentration of ZMP achieved in this study was similar to the K(m) value of ZMP for GP determined in homogenates of myocardial tissue. We conclude that the data are consistent with allosteric activation of GP by ZMP being responsible for the glycogenolysis caused by AICAR in the intact rat heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Longnus
- McDonald Research Laboratories/The iCAPTUR(4)E Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia-St.Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- J A Gatell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Syosset Community Hospital, NY
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gruber HE, Jimenez R, Barankiewicz J. Z-nucleotides formation in human and rat cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1991; 309B:363-6. [PMID: 1781398 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7703-4_82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H E Gruber
- Gensia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barankiewicz J, Jimenez R, Ronlov G, Magill M, Gruber HE. Alteration of purine metabolism by AICA-riboside in human B lymphoblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 1990; 282:377-85. [PMID: 1700665 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90132-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 5-amino-4-imidazole-carboximide (AI-CA)-riboside on different pathways of purine metabolism (biosynthesis de novo, salvage pathways, adenosine metabolism, ATP catabolism) was studied in human B lymphoblasts (WI-L2). AICA-Riboside markedly decreased intracellular levels of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate and in consequence affected purine biosynthesis de novo and purine salvage pathways. AICA-riboside inhibited incorporation of glycine into purine nucleotides, but when formate was used as the precursor of purine biosynthesis de novo, a biphasic effect was observed. The incorporation of formate into purine nucleotides was increased by AICA-riboside at concentrations up to 2 mM but decreased at higher concentrations. Salvage of the purine bases adenine, hypoxanthine, and guanine was markedly inhibited and utilization of extracellular adenosine in B lymphoblasts was reduced by AICA-riboside. AICA-riboside increased ribose 1-phosphate concentrations and increased degradation of prelabeled ATP. No effect on the intracellular levels of orthophosphate was found. Proliferation of WI-L2 lymphoblasts was only slightly affected at concentrations of AICA-riboside below 500 microM but markedly inhibited by higher concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Barankiewicz
- Gensia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Research Department, San Diego, California 92121
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bethlenfalvay NC, White JC, Chadwick E, Lima JE. Studies on the energy metabolism of opossum (Didelphis virginiana) erythrocytes--VI. De novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis is limited to the final steps of the pathway in vitro. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1990; 97:193-6. [PMID: 2253476 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(90)90200-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
1. High pressure liquid radiochromatography was used to show the incorporation of [14C] formate with Z-compounds into ATP and GTP in opossum erythrocytes. 2. The use of Z-riboside with [14C] formate resulted in more extensive labeling of ATP than the Z-base/[14C] formate combination as substrates for nucleotide biosynthesis. 3. Substantial accumulation of ZMP and ZTP, but no ZDP was detected in the chromatograms. 4. ATP was unstable in red cells metabolizing in the presence of Z-compounds under an atmosphere of air as gas phase in these experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N C Bethlenfalvay
- Department of Primary Care, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nissim I, Yudkoff M, Nissim I, States B. Effect of 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICA-riboside) on the purine nucleotide synthesis and growth of rat kidney cells in culture: study with [15N]aspartate. J Cell Physiol 1989; 138:536-40. [PMID: 2925797 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041380313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluates the effect of AICA-Riboside on the synthesis of purine nucleotides and the growth of normal rat kidney cells in culture. Experiments in the presence and absence of various concentrations of AICA-Riboside were conducted with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with either 1 mM [15N]aspartate or [14N]aspartate. Addition of 50 microM AICA-Riboside to the incubation medium significantly stimulated intracellular adenine nucleotide concentrations following incubation for 48 hours. This stimulation was associated with augmented cell growth and DNA concentration. In contrast, with concentrations above 100 microM of AICA-Riboside in the incubation medium, there was a remarkable inhibition of cell growth and a significant depletion of intracellular pools of adenine nucleotides and DNA. Experiments with [15N]aspartate showed that the initial rate (0-24 hours) of [6-15NH2]adenine nucleotide formation from 1 mM [15N]aspartate was 38.8 +/- 9.6, 67.9 +/- 12.5, and 20.1 +/- 3.8 pmol h-1/10(6) cells in the presence of 0 (control), 50 microM and 500 microM AICA-Riboside, respectively. These observations indicate that the main effect of AICA-Riboside is on the formation of AMP from aspartate and IMP via the sequential action of adenylosuccinate synthetase and adenylosuccinate lyase. The current studies suggest that AICA-Riboside could be used as a factor mediating renal cell mitosis in culture. AICA-Riboside has a biphasic effect on the growth of renal epithelial cells in culture and on their intracellular purine nucleotides and DNA concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Nissim
- Division of Biochemical Development and Molecular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Page T. Purine nucleotide production in normal and HPRT- cells. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 21:1377-81. [PMID: 2612726 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(89)90159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
1. Both normal cells and cells deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) are able to produce adenine and guanine nucleotides from aminoimidazole carboxamide (AICA) or its ribonucleoside (AICAR), but not from formaminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleoside (FAICAR). 2. The level of purine nucleotide production from AICA in HPRT- cells is at least equal to the production of purine nucleotides from hypoxanthine in normal cells. 3. The concentration of AICA or AICAR at which nucleotide production was half-maximal was between 30 and 100 microM in various cell lines. 4. Adenosine kinase is required to convert AICAR to its nucleotide; adenine phosphoribosyltransferase is required to convert AICA to its nucleotide. Cells lacking either of these enzymes are unable to produce purine nucleotides from the respective precursor. 5. Purine production from AICAR in HPRT- cells is not greatly increased by the addition of formate, folate or leucovorin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Page
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Marquardt DL, Gruber HE. Inhibition of mast cell mediator release by 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside. Biochem Pharmacol 1986; 35:4415-21. [PMID: 2947580 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(86)90757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated mast cells produce and release adenosine, and the release of mast cell mediators is potentiated by adenosine, yet very little is known regarding mast cell purine metabolism. Because 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICA riboside) has been shown to alter adenosine metabolism and accelerate the repletion of ATP pools in other tissues, its effects on mast cell function were examined. Neither simultaneous addition of A23187 and AICA riboside nor a 1-hr preincubation with AICA riboside altered mast cell beta-hexosaminidase release to an appreciable degree. However, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells cultured for 2 or more days in the presence of 1-100 microM AICA riboside exhibited a markedly attenuated mediator release response to A23187 compared to control cells with or without the additional presence of adenosine. IgE-mediated leukotriene C4 generation from AICA riboside-exposed mast cells was even more profoundly inhibited without affecting cell viability or resting mediator content. An unusual ribonucleotide triphosphate previously identified in folate-depleted cells, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl 5'-triphosphate (ZTP), has been identified in AICA riboside-treated mast cells as well. Although the mechanism of this global inhibition of mast cell mediator release by chronic AICA riboside treatment is not clear, alterations in mast cell purine metabolism may prove to be important in the treatment of allergic diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Effect of 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside on renal ammoniagenesis. Study with [15N]aspartate. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
13
|
Sidi Y, Mitchell BS. Z-nucleotide accumulation in erythrocytes from Lesch-Nyhan patients. J Clin Invest 1985; 76:2416-9. [PMID: 4077987 PMCID: PMC424396 DOI: 10.1172/jci112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside 5'-monophosphate (ZMP) is an intermediate in the purine de novo synthetic pathway that may be further metabolized to inosine 5'-monophosphate, degraded to the corresponding nucleoside (5-amino-4-imidazole-carboxamide riboside; Z-riboside), or phosphorylated to the corresponding 5'-triphosphate (ZTP). Accumulation of ZTP in microorganisms has been associated with depletion of folate intermediates that are necessary for the conversion of ZMP to inosine 5'-monophosphate and has been postulated to play a regulatory role in cellular metabolism. We have shown the presence of Z-nucleotides in erythrocytes derived from five individuals with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Erythrocyte folate levels were within the normal range, although guanosine triphosphate levels were significantly reduced below those in normal controls (P less than 0.01). A small amount of Z-nucleotide accumulation was also found in one individual with partial deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and in two individuals with other disorders of purine overproduction. In contrast, no Z-nucleotides were detected in 13 normal controls or in three individuals with hyperuricemia on allopurinol therapy. We conclude that Z-nucleotide formation may result from markedly increased rates of de novo purine biosynthesis. It is possible that metabolites of these purine intermediates may play a role in the pathogenesis of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sabina RL, Patterson D, Holmes EW. 5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (Z-riboside) metabolism in eukaryotic cells. J Biol Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)88943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
15
|
Sabina RL, Kernstine KH, Boyd RL, Holmes EW, Swain JL. Metabolism of 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Effects on purine nucleotide synthesis. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|