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Rodrigues BVB, Aguiar-Neto MB, Oliveira UDE, Santos AJ, Brescovit AD, Martíns MB, Bonaldo AB. Spider species richness and sampling effort at Cracraft´S Belém Area of Endemism. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:1543-1553. [PMID: 28832719 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720150378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A list of spider species is presented for the Belém Area of Endemism, the most threatened region in the Amazon Basin, comprising portions of eastern State of Pará and western State of Maranhão, Brazil. The data are based both on records from the taxonomic and biodiversity survey literature and on scientific collection databases. A total of 319 identified species were recorded, with 318 occurring in Pará and only 22 in Maranhão. About 80% of species are recorded at the vicinities of the city of Belém, indicating that sampling effort have been strongly biased. To identify potentially high-diversity areas, discounting the effect of variations in sampling effort, the residues of a linear regression between the number of records and number of species mapped in each 0.25°grid cells were analyzed. One grid, representing the Alto Turiaçu Indigenous land, had the highest deviation from the expected from the linear regression, indicating high expected species richness. Several other grid cells showed intermediate values of the regression residuals, indicating species richness moderately above to the expected from the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno V B Rodrigues
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel B Aguiar-Neto
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Caixa Postal 399, 66077-530 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ubirajara DE Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Adalberto J Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio D Brescovit
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlúcia B Martíns
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Caixa Postal 399, 66077-530 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre B Bonaldo
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Caixa Postal 399, 66077-530 Belém, PA, Brazil
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Abstract
This catalogue lists 1,084 species of spiders (three identified to genus only) in 311 genera from 53 families currently recorded from Texas and is based on the "Bibliography of Texas Spiders" published by Bea Vogel in 1970. The online list of species can be found at http://pecanspiders.tamu.edu/spidersoftexas.htm. Many taxonomic revisions have since been published, particularly in the families Araneidae, Gnaphosidae and Leptonetidae. Many genera in other families have been revised. The Anyphaenidae, Ctenidae, Hahniidae, Nesticidae, Sicariidae and Tetragnathidae were also revised. Several families have been added and others split up. Several genera of Corinnidae were transferred to Phrurolithidae and Trachelidae. Two genera from Miturgidae were transferred to Eutichuridae. Zoridae was synonymized under Miturgidae. A single species formerly in Amaurobiidae is now in the Family Amphinectidae. Some trapdoor spiders in the family Ctenizidae have been transferred to Euctenizidae. Gertsch and Mulaik started a list of Texas spiders in 1940. In a letter from Willis J. Gertsch dated October 20, 1982, he stated "Years ago a first listing of the Texas fauna was published by me based largely on Stanley Mulaik material, but it had to be abandoned because of other tasks." This paper is a compendium of the spiders of Texas with distribution, habitat, collecting method and other data available from revisions and collections. This includes many records and unpublished data (including data from three unpublished studies). One of these studies included 16,000 adult spiders belonging to 177 species in 29 families. All specimens in that study were measured and results are in the appendix. Hidalgo County has 340 species recorded with Brazos County at 323 and Travis County at 314 species. These reflect the amount of collecting in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Allen Dean
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
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Bolzern A, Platnick NI, Berniker L. Three New Genera of Soft-Bodied Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1206/3824.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bolzern A, Platnick NI. The Neotropical goblin spiders of the new genusVarioonops(Araneae, Oonopidae). AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2013. [DOI: 10.1206/3791.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Platnick NI, Berniker L. The Goblin Spider GenusOonopoidesin North and Central America (Araneae, Oonopidae). AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2013. [DOI: 10.1206/3788.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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