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Vidal M, Roldán T. [Penetration capacity and local anti-inflammatory effect of a methyl salicylate gel with turpentine essence, camphor, and menthol for the symptomatic local treatment of muscular and joint pains]. FARMACEUTICOS COMUNITARIOS 2024; 16:5-11. [PMID: 39188782 PMCID: PMC11346264 DOI: 10.33620/fc.2173-9218.(2024).15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective in managing musculoskeletal pain, but often are associated with side effects. Therefore, topical anti-inflammatory drugs are considered a suitable alternative for certain patients. Objective To determine the skin penetration capacity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of a methyl salicylate gel (MS) with turpentine essence, camphor and menthol (GelSMETAM). Methods Human skin explants were used (three biological replicates with 3 technical replicates each were performed). To assess penetration capacity, methyl salicylate (MS) levels were quantified at different intervals using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). For the anti-inflammatory effect, the gene expression of major pro-inflammatory factors was quantified 30 minutes, 8 hours, and 12 hours after an impact; comparing GelSMETAM application with untreated controls. Results The results showed that approximately 0.8% of the total applied methyl salicylate penetrated the skin with a time-dependent concentration increase. The anti-inflammatory effect demonstrated a significant reduction in the gene expression of TNFα, IL1α, IL6, IL8, and NFKβ at 30 minutes (between -39% and -53.6% compared to control), which was maintained at 8 hours except for TNFα (between -59% and -92.6%) and persisted even at 12 hours (-69.4%) for IL1α. Conclusion The results support the hypothesis that GelSMETAM provides an effective and prolonged anti-inflammatory response, positioning it as a suitable option for the management of musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taïs Roldán
- Responsable técnico y directora de asuntos regulatorios, médicos y de seguridad de Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare, EspañaEspaña
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2
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Qureshi S, Alavi SE, Mohammed Y. Microsponges: Development, Characterization, and Key Physicochemical Properties. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:229-245. [PMID: 38661260 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsponges are promising drug delivery carriers with versatile characteristics and controlled release properties for the delivery of a wide range of drugs. The microsponges will provide an optimized therapeutic effect, when delivered at the site of action without rupturing, then releasing the cargo at the predetermined time and area. The ability of the microsponges to effectively deliver the drug in a controlled manner depends on the material composition. This comprehensive review entails knowledge on the design parameters of an optimized microsponge drug delivery system and the controlled release properties of microsponges that reduces the side effects of drugs. Furthermore, the review delves into the fabrication techniques of microsponges, the mechanism of drug release from the microsponges, and the regulatory requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the successful marketing of microsponge formulation. The review also examines the patented formulations of microsponges. The prospects of these sophisticated drug delivery systems for improved clinical outcomes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Qureshi
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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AL-Smadi K, Leite-Silva VR, Filho NA, Lopes PS, Mohammed Y. Innovative Approaches for Maintaining and Enhancing Skin Health and Managing Skin Diseases through Microbiome-Targeted Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1698. [PMID: 38136732 PMCID: PMC10741029 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin microbiome is crucial in maintaining skin health, and its disruption is associated with various skin diseases. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers and compounds found in certain foods that promote the activity and growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut or skin. On the other hand, live microorganisms, known as probiotics, benefit in sustaining healthy conditions when consumed in reasonable quantities. They differ from postbiotics, which are by-product compounds from bacteria that release the same effects as their parent bacteria. The human skin microbiome is vital when it comes to maintaining skin health and preventing a variety of dermatological conditions. This review explores novel strategies that use microbiome-targeted treatments to maintain and enhance overall skin health while managing various skin disorders. It is important to understand the dynamic relationship between these beneficial microorganisms and the diverse microbial communities present on the skin to create effective strategies for using probiotics on the skin. This understanding can help optimize formulations and treatment regimens for improved outcomes in skincare, particularly in developing solutions for various skin problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeejeh AL-Smadi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
| | - Vania Rodrigues Leite-Silva
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Newton Andreo Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Patricia Santos Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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Kassem AA, Asfour MH, Abd El-Alim SH, Khattab MA, Salama A. Topical caffeine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced treatment of cellulite: A 3 2 full factorial design optimization and in vivo evaluation in rats. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123271. [PMID: 37499772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was the development and evaluation of semisolid caffeine (CAF) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for topical treatment of cellulite. CAF-loaded NLC formulations were prepared via high-speed homogenization followed by ultrasonication. A 32 full factorial design was employed for formulation optimization. The total lipid content (%) and the liquid lipid content per total lipids (%) were chosen as factors, whereas particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (|ZP|) and viscosity (VIS) were selected as responses. The design suggested CAF-NLC3 as the optimum formulation consisting of a total lipid content of 15% w/w (palmitic acid and soft paraffin/isopropyl myristate, 7:3 w/w) and a surfactant content of 10% w/w (Tween 80/lecithin, 8:1.2 w/w). CAF-NLC3 revealed PS, PDI, ZP, VIS and CAF content values of 318.8 nm, 0.253, -41.1 mV, 18.0 Pa.s and 97.57%, respectively. It showed a pseudoplastic rheological behavior, acceptable pH value (5.25), good spreadability (1.12 mm2/g) and spherical shape employing transmission electron microscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction demonstrated the amorphization of CAF in CAF-NLC3. CAF-NLC3 remained stable for 3 months at room and refrigeration conditions. A single topical application of CAF-NLC3 on shaved abdominal skins of Wistar rats revealed enhanced skin retention of CAF by 2-fold and 1.4-fold after 4 h when compared with plain CAF gel (CAF-P) and marketed CAF gel (CAF-M), respectively. Furthermore, CAF-NLC3 exhibited a superior anti-cellulite activity in comparison with CAF-P and CAF-M through elevating extracellular matrix components (collagen 1, elastin and hyaluronic acid) and stimulating the brown adipose tissue thermogenesis via up-regulating UCP1 and PPAR-γ expression. In addition, CAF-NLC3 prominently increased lipolysis through HSL activity and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 after 30 days of treatment on a high fat diet-induced cellulite rat model. These findings were further confirmed by histopathological examination supported by morphometric analysis. Therefore, incorporation of CAF in a semisolid NLC formulation would be a promising cosmetic approach for the topical treatment of cellulite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alaa Kassem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Hasanein Asfour
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Sameh Hosam Abd El-Alim
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Telaprolu KC, Grice JE, Mohammed YH, Roberts MS. Human Skin Drug Metabolism: Relationships between Methyl Salicylate Metabolism and Esterase Activities in IVPT Skin Membranes. Metabolites 2023; 13:934. [PMID: 37623877 PMCID: PMC10456861 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of esterase enzymes in human skin and their role in drug metabolism has been reported, but their distribution in the various skin layers and the relative contributions of those layers to metabolism is poorly defined. To gain further insight into esterase distribution, we performed in vitro skin permeation of a commercial 28.3% methyl salicylate (MeSA) cream (Metsal™) in Franz diffusion cells, using a range of human skin membranes, all from the same donor. The membranes were viable epidermis separated by a dispase II enzymatic method, heat separated epidermis, dermatomed skin, and dermis separated by a dispase II enzymatic method. Methyl salicylate and its metabolite, salicylic acid (SA), were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Alpha naphthyl acetate and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining provided qualitative estimations of esterase distribution in these membranes. The permeation of methyl salicylate after 24 h was similar across all membranes. Salicylic acid formation and permeation were found to be similar in dermatomed skin and dermis, suggesting dermal esterase activity. These results were supported by the staining studies, which showed strong esterase activity in the dermal-epidermal junction region of the dermis. In contrast with high staining of esterase activity in the stratum corneum and viable epidermis, minimal stained and functional esterase activity was found in heat-separated and dispase II-prepared epidermal membranes. The results are consistent with dispase II digesting hemidesmosomes, penetrating the epidermis, and affecting epidermal esterases but not those in the dermis. Accordingly, whilst the resulting dispase II-generated dermal membranes may be used for in vitro permeation tests (IVPT) involving esterase-based metabolic studies, the dispase II-generated epidermal membranes are not suitable for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C. Telaprolu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.C.T.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Jeffrey E. Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.C.T.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Yousuf H. Mohammed
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.C.T.); (J.E.G.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Michael S. Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.C.T.); (J.E.G.)
- UniSA—Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medical Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
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6
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Cellulose hydrogel development from unbleached oil palm biomass pulps for dermal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:483-495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Arora S, Clarke J, Tsakalozou E, Ghosh P, Alam K, Grice JE, Roberts MS, Jamei M, Polak S. Mechanistic Modeling of In Vitro Skin Permeation and Extrapolation to In Vivo for Topically Applied Metronidazole Drug Products Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3139-3152. [PMID: 35969125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has increasingly been employed in dermal drug development and regulatory assessment, providing a framework to integrate relevant information including drug and drug product attributes, skin physiology parameters, and population variability. The current study aimed to develop a stepwise modeling workflow with knowledge gained from modeling in vitro skin permeation testing (IVPT) to describe in vivo exposure of metronidazole locally in the stratum corneum following topical application of complex semisolid drug products. The initial PBPK model of metronidazole in vitro skin permeation was developed using infinite and finite dose aqueous metronidazole solution. Parameters such as stratum corneum lipid-water partition coefficient (Ksclip/water) and stratum corneum lipid diffusion coefficient (Dsclip) of metronidazole were optimized using IVPT data from simple aqueous solutions (infinite) and MetroGel (10 mg/cm2 dose application), respectively. The optimized model, when parameterized with physical and structural characteristics of the drug products, was able to accurately predict the mean cumulative amount permeated (cm2/h) and flux (μg/cm2/h) profiles of metronidazole following application of different doses of MetroGel and MetroCream. Thus, the model was able to capture the impact of differences in drug product microstructure and metamorphosis of the dosage form on in vitro metronidazole permeation. The PBPK model informed by IVPT study data was able to predict the metronidazole amount in the stratum corneum as reported in clinical studies. In summary, the proposed model provides an enhanced understanding of the potential impact of drug product attributes in influencing in vitro skin permeation of metronidazole. Key kinetic parameters derived from modeling the metronidazole IVPT data improved the predictions of the developed PBPK model of in vivo local metronidazole concentrations in the stratum corneum. Overall, this work improves our confidence in the proposed workflow that accounts for drug product attributes and utilizes IVPT data toward improving predictions from advanced modeling and simulation tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Arora
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Sheffield S1 2BJ, U.K
| | - James Clarke
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Sheffield S1 2BJ, U.K
| | - Eleftheria Tsakalozou
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Khondoker Alam
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Jeffery E Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia.,Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Masoud Jamei
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Sheffield S1 2BJ, U.K
| | - Sebastian Polak
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Sheffield S1 2BJ, U.K.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
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8
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Alinaghi A, Macedo A, Cheruvu HS, Holmes A, Roberts MS. Human epidermal in vitro permeation test (IVPT) analyses of alcohols and steroids. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122114. [PMID: 35973591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined a number of factors that can impact the outcomes of in vitro human epidermal permeation coefficients for aliphatic alcohols and steroids, including receptor phase composition and study conditions. We determined experimentally the solubilities and IVPT permeation of a homologous series of 14C labeled aliphatic alcohols (ethanol, propanol, pentanol, heptanol, octanol and decanol) in different receptor fluids as recommended by Organisation Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We used human epidermal membranes at 25°C and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 2% w/v bovine serum albumin (2%w/v BSA), 50% v/v ethanol and 0.1, 2 and 6% w/v Oleth-20 receptor phases. We also explored and confirmed the discrepancies between in vitro human epidermal permeability coefficients (kp) and diffusion lag times for steroids from Scheuplein's group with our own work and that of others. The main reason for the observed differences is not clear but is likely to be multifactorial, including the effects of diffusion cell design, receptor phase solubility, unstirred receptor phase effects, epidermal membrane hydration, diffusion cell configuration, transport through appendageal pathways and steroid lipophilicity. We conclude with a summary of experimental conditions that should be considered in undertaking IVPT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Alinaghi
- Clinical and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ana Macedo
- Clinical and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hanumanth S Cheruvu
- Diamantina Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amy Holmes
- Clinical and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Clinical and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia; Diamantina Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
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9
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Liu X, Cheruvu HS, Anissimov YG, van der Hoek J, Tsakalozou E, Ni Z, Ghosh P, Grice JE, Roberts MS. Percutaneous absorption of steroids from finite doses: Predicting urinary excretion from in vitro skin permeation testing. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122095. [PMID: 35961420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic (PK) models are widely used to describe drug permeation across the epidermal membrane barrier, the stratum corneum (SC). Here, we extend our previously reported diffusion and compartment-in-series models to describe plasma concentrations, urinary excretion-time profiles and exposure estimates after topically applied finite doses of solvent deposited solids. In vivo models were derived by convolution of a skin absorption input function for finite dosing with that for in vivo disposition PK. In vitro skin permeation test (IVPT) and in vivo urinary excretion data for cortisone, desoxycorticosterone, and testosterone were extracted from literature for model validation and establishment of in vitro - in vivo relationships (IVIVR). Both SC diffusion and SC 3-compartment-in-series PK models adequately described experimental in vitro and in vivo permeation data, with similar model parameter estimates for SC diffusion time and bioavailability. A satisfactory IVIVR was generated for cortisone, whereas testosterone and desoxycorticosterone showed higher bioavailability in vitro compared to in vivo. In recognising that future prospective studies need to both have an adequate sampling schedule and be harmonized for robust IVIVRs, we developed expressions for predicting extent of absorption and time for peak absorption for both in vitro and in vivo studies. Other study parameters, such as application site, applied dose, and application techniques, can also affect drug permeability through skin during dosage form metamorphosis after finite dose application, and a lack of correlation may result if these are poorly matched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Hanumanth S Cheruvu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Yuri G Anissimov
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - John van der Hoek
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA5011, Australia
| | - Eleftheria Tsakalozou
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Zhanglin Ni
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia and Therapeutics Research Centre, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Medical Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
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James T, Izon-Cooper L, Collins S, Cole H, Marczylo T. The wash-in effect and its significance for mass casualty decontamination. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:113-134. [PMID: 35220912 PMCID: PMC8903816 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2022.2042443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Decontamination of skin by washing may increase dermal absorption, a phenomenon known as the wash-in effect. The wash-in effect is frequently discussed in studies investigating casualty decontamination where potentially life-saving interventions may enhance the dermal penetration of toxic chemicals, leading to an increase in incidence of morbidity and rates of mortality. However, the wash-in effect is seldom investigated within the context of mass casualty decontamination and real-life consequences are therefore poorly understood. This paper reviews the existing literature on the wash-in effect to highlight the proposed mechanisms for enhanced absorption and evaluate the wash-in effect within the context of mass casualty chemical decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas James
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Lydia Izon-Cooper
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Samuel Collins
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
- Global Operations, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Haydn Cole
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
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11
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Roberts MS, Cheruvu HS, Mangion SE, Alinaghi A, Benson HA, Mohammed Y, Holmes A, van der Hoek J, Pastore M, Grice JE. Topical drug delivery: History, percutaneous absorption, and product development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113929. [PMID: 34403750 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Topical products, widely used to manage skin conditions, have evolved from simple potions to sophisticated delivery systems. Their development has been facilitated by advances in percutaneous absorption and product design based on an increasingly mechanistic understanding of drug-product-skin interactions, associated experiments, and a quality-by-design framework. Topical drug delivery involves drug transport from a product on the skin to a local target site and then clearance by diffusion, metabolism, and the dermal circulation to the rest of the body and deeper tissues. Insights have been provided by Quantitative Structure Permeability Relationships (QSPR), molecular dynamics simulations, and dermal Physiologically Based PharmacoKinetics (PBPK). Currently, generic product equivalents of reference-listed products dominate the topical delivery market. There is an increasing regulatory interest in understanding topical product delivery behavior under 'in use' conditions and predicting in vivo response for population variations in skin barrier function and response using in silico and in vitro findings.
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12
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The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases-A Literature Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040451. [PMID: 33810552 PMCID: PMC8066164 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.
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Development of Microemulsions Containing Glochidion wallichianum Leaf Extract and Potential for Transdermal and Topical Skin Delivery of Gallic Acid. Sci Pharm 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm88040053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glochidion wallichianum (GW) is a good source of antioxidants, including gallic acid, promoting its development as a microemulsion. We constructed five pseudo-ternary phase diagrams comprising isopropyl myristate (IPM), water, and surfactant mixture (Smix)—i.e., Labrasol®:HCO-40® (1:1) with Transcutol® (1:1, 2:1, 3:1), and Tween80:Span80 (3:2) with Transcutol® or propylene glycol:ethanol (1:1). Additionally, blank and GW extract-loaded microemulsions were prepared at an IPM:Water:Smix ratio of 10:30:60 (high water content) and 30:10:60 (high oil content) from each Smix. The physical characteristics, skin permeation, and disposition were evaluated. The formulations with high water content and conductivities provided higher gallic acid permeation and disposition than those with high oil content. The Smix of Labrasol®:HCO-40® (1:1) and Transcutol® (1:1) promoted the highest gallic acid permeation (enhancement ratio 1.78 ± 0.12) and was suitable for transdermal delivery. However, the 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose control gel, the microemulsion with Smix of Labrasol®:HCO-40® (1:1) with Transcutol® (2:1), and Smix of Tween80:Span80 (3:2) with propylene glycol:ethanol (1:1) could provide higher skin accumulation of gallic acid than that with other formulations. The microstructures, ratio of surfactant:cosurfactant, and compositions of microemulsions were found to affect the skin permeation and disposition of gallic acid and require optimization to act as transdermal or topical delivery carriers.
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Eftekhari A, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Weschler CJ, Morrison G. Predicting Transdermal Uptake of Phthalates and a Paraben from Cosmetic Cream Using the Measured Fugacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7471-7484. [PMID: 32432857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal uptake models compliment in vitro and in vivo experiments in assessing risk of environmental exposures to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). A key parameter for mechanistic models is the chemical driving force for mass transfer from environmental media to human skin. In this research, we measure this driving force in the form of fugacity for chemicals in cosmetic cream and use it to model uptake from cosmetics as a surrogate for condensed environmental media. A simple cosmetic cream, containing no target analytes, was mixed with diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and butyl paraben (BP) and diluted to make creams with concentrations ranging from 0.025% to 6%. The fugacity, relative to the pure compound, was measured using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME). We found that the relationship between the concentration and fugacity is highly nonlinear. The relative fugacity of the chemicals for a 2% w/w formulation was used in a diffusion-based model to predict transdermal uptake of each chemical and was compared with excretion data from a prior human subject study with the same formulation. Dynamic simulations of excretion are generally consistent with the results of the human subject experiment but sensitive to the input parameters, especially the time between cream application and showering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Eftekhari
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles J Weschler
- International Center for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Glenn Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
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15
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Yang Y, Ako-Adounvo AM, Wang J, Zhang J, Willett D, Yilmaz H, Korang-Yeboah M, Hsu HJ, Wang J, Coelho SG, Adah SA, Michele TM, Faustino PJ, Cruz CN, Lee S, Ashraf M. In Vitro Testing of Sunscreens for Dermal Absorption: A Platform for Product Selection for Maximal Usage Clinical Trials. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2487-2495. [PMID: 32353451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sunscreen products contain UV filters as active ingredients for the protection of the skin against UVR. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a new proposed rule in 2019 (84.FR.6204) for sunscreens and identified the need for additional safety data for certain UV filters including their dermal absorption data. Dermal absorption data reveal systemic exposure of UV filters in humans, which can be obtained from clinical maximal usage trials. FDA guidance recommends conducting in vitro skin permeation tests (IVPTs) to help select formulations for maximal usage clinical trials as IVPT results may be indicative of in vivo absorption. This case study reports in vitro methodologies used for the selection of sunscreen products for an FDA-sponsored proof-of-concept maximal usage clinical trial. An IVPT method was developed using human cadaver skin. Commercially available sunscreen products were tested to determine the skin absorption potential of common UV filters using the IVPT. All the studied sunscreen products demonstrated a certain degree of skin absorption of UV filters using IVPT, and a formulation rank order was obtained. These sunscreen products were also characterized for several formulation properties including the globule size in emulsions, which was found to be an indicator for the rank order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA.
| | - Ann-Marie Ako-Adounvo
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiang Wang
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Willett
- Division of Complex Drug Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Missouri, USA
| | - Huzeyfe Yilmaz
- Division of Complex Drug Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Missouri, USA
| | - Maxwell Korang-Yeboah
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Hao-Jui Hsu
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Office of Drug Evaluation IV, Office New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Sergio G Coelho
- Division of Nonprescription Drug Products, Office of Drug Evaluation IV, Office New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven A Adah
- Division of Nonprescription Drug Products, Office of Drug Evaluation IV, Office New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Theresa M Michele
- Division of Nonprescription Drug Products, Office of Drug Evaluation IV, Office New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick J Faustino
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Celia N Cruz
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Sau Lee
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Maryland, USA
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16
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Liu X, Yousef S, Anissimov YG, van der Hoek J, Tsakalozou E, Ni Z, Grice JE, Roberts MS. Diffusion modelling of percutaneous absorption kinetics. Predicting urinary excretion from in vitro skin permeation tests (IVPT) for an infinite dose. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:30-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Yoo KH, Kwon TR, Oh CT, Ko KC, No YH, Oh WJ, Kim BJ. Improvement of a slimming cream's efficacy using a novel fabric as a transdermal drug delivery system: An in vivo and in vitro study. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3282-3288. [PMID: 32266024 PMCID: PMC7132236 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Penetration of any compound into the body from the outside is prevented primarily by the corneal layer of the epidermis. The only way to circumvent the properties of the corneal layer is to disrupt it. Currently, transdermal systems can currently only deliver drugs that are of low molecular weight. The purpose of the present study was to assess the improvement of the slimming cream's efficacy using a novel fabric, with the aim of developing an improved method for transdermal drug delivery. The current study was conducted on four groups of guinea pigs. The control group was untreated, whereas the test groups were treated with either slimming cream and no fabric, slimming cream with 100% cotton fabric or slimming cream with the novel fabric. Ultrasound and microscopic histological analysis were used to assess animals. The results demonstrated that compared with the other groups, the novel fabric group demonstrated the greatest reductions in fat layer thickness, adipocyte size and number and proliferator-activated receptor-γ levels in adipose tissue. Furthermore, the novel fabric also enhanced the transdermal delivery of rhodamine B base and caffeine penetration compared with the control fabric (3.18-fold). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that the novel fabric can potentially be used to enhance transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ho Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rin Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Taek Oh
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea.,Research and Development Center, Green Cross Well-Being Corporation, Seongnam 13595, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeung Chan Ko
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwan No
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jong Oh
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Republic of Korea
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18
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Iikura H, Uchida K, Ogawa-Fuse C, Bito K, Naitou S, Hosokawa M, Uchida T, Sano T, Todo H, Sugibayashi K. Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Skin Permeation of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:264. [PMID: 31342293 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The humidity was a well-known method to hydrate the skin; however, the published data were varied, and systemic experiments in the previous papers were few. Therefore, the in vitro permeation of excised porcine ear skin by drugs with different polarities [aminopyrine (AMP), antipyrine (ANP), methylparaben (MP), and ibuprofen (IP)] was analyzed under a constant skin surface temperature with different temperatures and humidities to reveal the effects of temperature and humidity on the skin permeation enhancement effects. Applied formulations were prepared by mixing the drug and a hydrophilic vehicle containing glycerin. The disposition-distance profiles of water and the humectant glycerin in the stratum corneum were also investigated using confocal Raman microscopy. High absolute humidity (AH) significantly contributed to the high skin penetration of the hydrophilic penetrants AMP, ANP, and MP but not the hydrophobic penetrant IP. An increase in the partition parameter and a decrease in the diffusivity parameter occurred with an increase in AH, independent of drug polarity. Moreover, we found that dew condensation induced by high AH on temperature-controlled skin surface may effectively increase water content and may provide higher glycerin distribution in the skin barrier, the stratum corneum. Increasing the amount of water and hydrophilic vehicles such as glycerin in the stratum corneum may enhance the permeation of hydrophilic penetrants AMP, ANP, and MP. These data suggested a dew condensation on the skin surface induced by high AH at a constant skin surface temperature would be important to enhance hydrophilic penetrants.
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19
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Lionberger RA. Innovation for Generic Drugs: Science and Research Under the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 105:878-885. [PMID: 30648739 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory science is science and research intended to improve decision making in a regulatory framework. Improvements in decision making can be in both accuracy (making better decisions) and in efficiency (making faster decisions). Science and research supported by the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012 (GDUFA) have focused on two innovative methodologies that work together to enable new approaches to development and review of generic drugs: quantitative models and advanced in vitro product characterization. Quantitative models faithfully represent current scientific understanding. They are tools pharmaceutical scientists and clinical pharmacologists use for making better and faster product development decisions. Advances in the in vitro product comparisons provide the measurements of product differences that are the critical input into the models. This paper outlines four areas where science and research funded by GDUFA support synergistic use of models and characterization at critical decision points during generic drug product development and review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Lionberger
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, US Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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20
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Wei JCJ, Haridass IN, Crichton ML, Mohammed YH, Meliga SC, Sanchez WY, Grice JE, Benson HAE, Roberts MS, Kendall MAF. Space- and time-resolved investigation on diffusion kinetics of human skin following macromolecule delivery by microneedle arrays. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17759. [PMID: 30531828 PMCID: PMC6288161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microscale medical devices are being developed for targeted skin delivery of vaccines and the extraction of biomarkers, with the potential to revolutionise healthcare in both developing and developed countries. The effective clinical development of these devices is dependent on understanding the macro-molecular diffusion properties of skin. We hypothesised that diffusion varied according to specific skin layers. Using three different molecular weights of rhodamine dextran (RD) (MW of 70, 500 and 2000 kDa) relevant to the vaccine and therapeutic scales, we deposited molecules to a range of depths (0-300 µm) in ex vivo human skin using the Nanopatch device. We observed significant dissipation of RD as diffusion with 70 and 500 kDa within the 30 min timeframe, which varied with MW and skin layer. Using multiphoton microscopy, image analysis and a Fick's law analysis with 2D cartesian and axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates, we reported experimental trends of epidermal and dermal diffusivity values ranging from 1-8 µm2 s-1 to 1-20 µm2 s-1 respectively, with a significant decrease in the dermal-epidermal junction of 0.7-3 µm2 s-1. In breaching the stratum corneum (SC) and dermal-epidermal junction barriers, we have demonstrated practical application, delivery and targeting of macromolecules to both epidermal and dermal antigen presenting cells, providing a sound knowledge base for future development of skin-targeting clinical technologies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C J Wei
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Isha N Haridass
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Michael L Crichton
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Yousuf H Mohammed
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Stefano C Meliga
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Washington Y Sanchez
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jeffrey E Grice
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Heather A E Benson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.
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21
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Czajkowska-Kośnik A, Szekalska M, Winnicka K. Nanostructured lipid carriers: A potential use for skin drug delivery systems. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 71:156-166. [PMID: 30550996 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Skin application of pharmaceutical products is one of the methods used for drug administration. The problem of limited drug penetration via topical application makes searching for safe drug carriers that will provide an expected therapeutic effect of utmost importance. Research into safe drug carriers began with liposome structures, paving the way for work with nanocarriers, which currently play a large role as drug vehicles. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) consist of blended solid and liquid lipids (oils) dispersed in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant. These carriers have many advantages: good biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, high drug content; they enhance a drug's stability and have many possibilities of application (oral, intravenous, pulmonary, ocular, dermal). The following article presents properties, methods of preparation and tests to assess the quality and toxicity of NLC. This analysis indicates the possibility of using NLC for dermal and transdermal drug application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czajkowska-Kośnik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Marta Szekalska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.
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22
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Montenegro L, Parenti C, Turnaturi R, Pasquinucci L. Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanocarriers: Correlation between In Vitro Occlusion Factor and In Vivo Skin Hydrating Effect. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9040058. [PMID: 29232856 PMCID: PMC5750664 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanocarriers show occlusive properties that may be related to their ability to improve skin hydration. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between in vitro occlusion factor and in vivo skin hydration for three types of lipid nanocarriers: nanoemulsions (NEs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). These lipid nanocarriers were loaded with trans-resveratrol (RSV) and incorporated in gel vehicles. In vitro occlusion factor was in the order SLNs > NLCs > NEs. Gels containing unloaded or RSV loaded lipid nanocarriers were applied on the back of a hand of 12 healthy volunteers twice a day for one week, recording skin hydration changes using the instrument Soft Plus. An increase of skin hydration was observed for all lipid nanocarriers (SLNs > NLCs > NEs). RSV loading into these nanocarriers did not affect in vitro and in vivo lipid nanocarriers effects. A linear relationship (r2 = 0.969) was observed between occlusion factor and in vivo increase of skin hydration. Therefore, the results of this study showed the feasibility of using the occlusion factor to predict in vivo skin hydration resulting from topical application of different lipid nanocarriers loading an active ingredient with no inherent hydrating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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