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Singh S, Patil VM, Paliwal SK, Masand N. Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery of Topical Antifungal Agents. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:185-196. [PMID: 37594096 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230818125031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the various prominent fungal infections, superficial ones are widespread. A large number of antifungal agents and their formulations for topical use are commercially available. They have some pharmacokinetic limitations which cannot be retracted by conventional delivery systems. While nanoformulations composed of lipidic and polymeric nanoparticles have the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional systems. The broad spectrum category of antifungals i.e. azoles (ketoconazole, voriconazole, econazole, miconazole, etc.) nanoparticles have been designed, prepared and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile was established. This review briefly elaborates on the types of nano-based topical drug delivery systems and portrays their advantages for researchers in the related field to benefit the available antifungal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
- Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaishali M Patil
- Charak School of Pharmacy, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS) University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Neeraj Masand
- Department of Pharmacy, Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Sharma AD, Chhabra R, Jain P, Kaur I, Amrita, Bhawna. Nanoemulsions (O/W) prepared from essential oil extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia: synthesis, characterization, stability and evaluation of anticancerous, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:2438-2461. [PMID: 37640030 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2253584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia (also known as Tea tree essential oil, TTO) is used as traditional medicine and used as therapeutic in medicine, food and cosmetic sectors. However, this oil is highly unstable, volatile and prone to oxidation which limits its practical use. The objective of this study was synthesis of tea tree oil based O/W (oil/water) nanoemulsions (tea tree essential oil nanoemulsions, TNE) and evaluation of its biological potential. Physiological characterization was carried out using UV, fluorescent, and FT-IR techniques. Various biological activities such as anticancerous, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory were also estimated. Pharmacokinetics study on TNE was carried out. Encapsulation efficiency of nanoemulsions was found to be 83%. Nanoemulsions were spherical in shape with globule size 308 nm, zeta potential -9.42 and polydispersity index was 0.31. Nanoemulsions were stable even after 50 days of storage at different temperatures. Anti-oxidant potential of TNE was conducted by various assays and IC50 were: Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity:225.1, DPPH radical scavenging activity:30.66, Iron chelating assay:38.73, and Iron reducing assay:39.36. Notable anticancer activity was observed with the percent cell viability of HeLa cells after treatment with 1, 2 and 5 µl of TNE was 82%, 41% and 24%, respectively. Antidiabetic study revealed that TNE inhibited -amylase in a dose-dependent manner, with 88% inhibition at its higher volume of 250 µl. Drug kinetic study revealed that nanoemulsions exhibited first-order model. Based on this, the possible role of M. alternifolia oil-based nanoemulsions in cosmetic, food, and pharma sectors has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Dev Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, India
| | - Ravindresh Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Puneet Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, India
| | - Amrita
- Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, India
| | - Bhawna
- Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, India
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3
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Badawi NM, Yehia RM, Lamie C, Abdelrahman KA, Attia DA, Helal DA. Tackling acne vulgaris by fabrication of tazarotene-loaded essential oil-based microemulsion: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm X 2023; 5:100185. [PMID: 37396622 PMCID: PMC10314204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate and optimize an anti-acne drug namely tazarotene (TZR) in essential oil-based microemulsion (ME) using either Jasmine oil (Jas) or Jojoba oil (Joj). TZR-MEs were prepared using two experimental designs (Simplex Lattice Design®) and characterized for droplet size, polydispersity index, and viscosity. Further in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo investigations were performed for the selected formulations. Results revealed that TZR-selected MEs exhibited suitable droplet size, homogenous dispersions, and acceptable viscosity, in addition to spherical-shaped particles in morphology. The ex vivo skin deposition study showed a significant TZR accumulation in all skin layers for the Jas-selected ME over the Joj one. Further, TZR didn't show any antimicrobial activity against P. acnes, however, it was boosted when it was incorporated into the selected MEs. The in vivo study results of the infected mice ears induced by P. acnes revealed that our selected MEs successfully reached a high level of ear thickness reduction of 67.1% and 47.4% for Jas and Joj selected MEs, respectively, versus only 4% for the market product. Finally, the findings confirmed the ability to use essential oil-based ME, particularly with Jas, as a promising carrier for topical TZR delivery in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M. Badawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Yehia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Caroline Lamie
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia A. Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
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Padaraju A, Dwivedi F, Kumar G. Microemulsions, nanoemulsions and emulgels as carriers for antifungal antibiotics. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:721-740. [PMID: 38014430 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to estimates, up to 25% of the world's population has fungal skin diseases, making them the most prevalent infectious disease. Several chemical classes of antifungal drugs are available to treat fungal infections. However, the major challenges of conventional formulations of antifungal drugs include poor pharmacokinetic profiles like solubility, low permeability, side effects and decreased efficacy. Novel drug delivery is a promising approach for overcoming pharmacokinetic limitations and increasing the effectiveness of antibiotics. In this review, we have shed light on microemulsions, nanoemulsions, and emulgels as novel drug delivery approaches for the topical delivery of antifungal antibiotics. We believe these formulations have potential translational value and could be developed for treating fungal infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Padaraju
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Falguni Dwivedi
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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Manzoor A, Asif M, Khalid SH, Ullah Khan I, Asghar S. Nanosizing of Lavender, Basil, and Clove Essential Oils into Microemulsions for Enhanced Antioxidant Potential and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40600-40612. [PMID: 37929152 PMCID: PMC10621020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant essential oils (EOs) possess significant bioactivities (antibacterial and antioxidant) and can be substituted for potentially harmful synthetic preservatives in the food industry. However, limited water solubility, bioavailability, volatility, and stability limit their use. Therefore, the goal of this research was nanosizing lavender essential oil (LEO), basil essential oil (BEO), and clove essential oil (CEO) in a microemulsion (ME) to improve their physicochemical attributes and bioefficacy. Tween 80 and Transcutol P were utilized for construction of pseudoternary phase diagrams. It was observed that the concentration of EOs had a great impact on the physicochemical and biological properties of MEs. A spherical droplet of MEs with a diameter of less than 20 nm with a narrower size distribution (polydispersity index (PDI) = 0.10-0.27) and a ζ potential of -0.27 to -9.03 was observed. ME formulations were also evaluated for viscosity, conductivity, and the refractive index. Moreover, the impact of delivery systems on the antibacterial property of EOs was assessed by determining the zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration against two distinct pathogen classes (S. aureus and E. coli). Crystal violet assay was used to measure the growth and development of biofilms. According to bioefficacy assays, ME demonstrated more efficient antibacterial activity against microorganisms at concentrations lower than pure EOs. CEO ME had superior activity againstS. aureus and E. coli. Similarly, dose-dependent antioxidant capacity was noted for MEs. Consequently, nanosized EO formulations with improved physicochemical properties and enhanced bioactivities can be employed in the food processing sector as a preservation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Manzoor
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Syed Haroon Khalid
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Lertsuphotvanit N, Tuntarawongsa S, Jitrangsri K, Phaechamud T. Clotrimazole-Loaded Borneol-Based In Situ Forming Gel as Oral Sprays for Oropharyngeal Candidiasis Therapy. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050412. [PMID: 37233003 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis encompasses fungal infections of the tongue and other oral mucosal sites with fungal overgrowth and its invasion of superficial oral tissues. Borneol was assessed in this research as the matrix-forming agent of clotrimazole-loaded in situ forming gel (ISG) comprising clove oil as the co-active agent and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent. Their physicochemical properties, including pH, density, viscosity, surface tension, contact angle, water tolerance, gel formation, and drug release/permeation, were determined. Their antimicrobial activities were tested using agar cup diffusion. The pH values of clotrimazole-loaded borneol-based ISGs were in the range of 5.59-6.61, which are close to the pH of 6.8 of saliva. Increasing the borneol content in the formulation slightly decreased the density, surface tension, water tolerance, and spray angle but increased the viscosity and gel formation. The borneol matrix formation from NMP removal promoted a significantly (p < 0.05) higher contact angle of the borneol-loaded ISGs on agarose gel and porcine buccal mucosa than those of all borneol-free solutions. Clotrimazole-loaded ISG containing 40% borneol demonstrated appropriate physicochemical properties and rapid gel formation at microscopic and macroscopic levels. In addition, it prolonged drug release with a maximum flux of 370 µg·cm-2 at 2 days. The borneol matrix generated from this ISG obsentively controlled the drug penetration through the porcine buccal membrane. Most clotrimazole amounts still remained in formulation at the donor part and then the buccal membrane and receiving medium, repectively. Therefore, the borneol matrix extended the drug release and penetration through the buccal membrane efficiently. Some accumulated clotrimazole in tissue should exhibit its potential antifugal activity against microbes invading the host tissue. The other predominant drug release into the saliva of the oral cavity should influence the pathogen of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Clotrimazole-loaded ISG demonstrated efficacious inhibition of growth against S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. Lusitaniae, and C. tropicalis. Consequently, the clotrimazole-loaded ISG exhibited great potential as a drug delivery system for oropharyngeal candidiasis treatment by localized spraying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutdanai Lertsuphotvanit
- Program of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Sarun Tuntarawongsa
- Pharmaceutical Intellectual Center "Prachote Plengwittaya", Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Natural Bioactive and Material for Health Promotion and Drug Delivery System Group (NBM), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Kritamorn Jitrangsri
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Srithammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Phaechamud
- Program of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Natural Bioactive and Material for Health Promotion and Drug Delivery System Group (NBM), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
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Suthar T, Patel P, Singh P, Datusalia AK, Yadav AK, Jain K. Hesperidin microemulsion: Formulation optimization, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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8
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Arbutus unedo: Innovative Source of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tyrosinase Phenolics for Novel Cosmeceuticals. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9060143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are valuable cosmetic ingredients. They display skin protective potential and play an important role in preserving cosmetic formulations due to their ability to neutralize free radicals. Considering this fact, the current study aims to obtain a phenolic-enriched fraction from Arbutus unedo for topical application in cosmeceutical products. The chemical composition and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tyrosinase activities of different extracts from the plant were investigated and compared. Samples were obtained by maceration, reflux, and ultrasound using water and ethanol. The findings indicated that the extraction methods impacted the phytochemical composition of the extracts. The high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) analysis showed a wide range of phenolic compounds, comprising phenolic acids and flavonoids. Among the extracts, the water reflux had significant levels of both total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins and possessed the most important content on hyperoside. It displayed the most significant antioxidant activities with high antiradical and reducing power, as well as strong total antioxidant activity. It possesses a promising whitening effect with high anti-tyrosinase activities. Furthermore, it shows no cytotoxicity and moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, due to its high yield efficiency and activities, water reflux was selected to formulate a cosmeceutical oil-in-water nanoemulsion that displayed optimal pH and stability.
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9
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Asghar A, Aamir MN, Sheikh FA, Ahmad N, Alotaibi NF, Bukhari SNA. Preparation, Characterization of Pregabalin and Withania coagulans Extract-Loaded Topical Gel and Their Comparative Effect on Burn Injury. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070402. [PMID: 35877487 PMCID: PMC9318109 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study depicts the comparative effects of nanogel using Withania coagulans extract, pregabalin alone, and a co-combination gel. The gels prepared were then analyzed for conductivity, viscosity, spread ability, globule size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and TEM. The globule size of the co-combination gel, determined by zeta sizer, was found to be (329 ± 0.573 nm). FTIR analysis confirms the successful development of gel, without any interaction. Drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. DSC revealed no bigger thermal changes. TEM images revealed spherical molecules with sizes of 200 nm for the co-combination gel. In vivo studies were carried out by infliction of third degree burn wounds on rat skin, and they confirmed that pregabalin and Withania coagulans heals the wound more effectively, with a wound contraction rate of 89.95%, compared to remaining groups. Anti-inflammatory activity (IL-6 and TNF-α), determined by the ELISA technique, shows that the co-combination gel group reduces the maximum inflammation with TNF-α value (132.2 pg/mL), compared to the control (140.22 pg/mL). Similarly, the IL-6 value was found to be (78 pg/mL) for the co-combination gel and (81 pg/mL) in the case of the control. Histopathologically, the co-combination gel heals wounds more quickly, compared to individual gel. These outcomes depict that a co-combination gel using plant extracts and drugs can be successfully used to treat burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Naeem Aamir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
- Correspondence: or
| | | | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nasser F. Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
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Panoutsopoulou E, Zbytovská J, Vávrová K, Paraskevopoulos G. Phospholipid-Based Microemulsions for Cutaneous Imiquimod Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050515. [PMID: 35631342 PMCID: PMC9147306 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is a potent immune response modifier with antiviral and antitumor properties. IMQ’s low aqueous solubility and unsatisfactory cutaneous permeability limit its formulation into effective dosage forms. This work aimed to develop IMQ-loaded microemulsions (MEs) based on phospholipids and oleic acid to improve IMQ penetration into the epidermis. A pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed, and the microstructure of the formulations was examined by measuring the conductivity values. Selected MEs were characterized and studied for their ability to deliver IMQ into and through ex vivo human skin. ME1 with 1% IMQ (bicontinuous ME with Bingham rheology) delivered similar IMQ quantities to the human epidermis ex vivo as the commercial product while having a 5-fold lower IMQ dose. IMQ was not detected in the acceptor phase after the permeation experiment, suggesting a lower systemic absorption risk than the established product. Infrared spectroscopy of the stratum corneum revealed less ordered and less tightly packed lipids after ME1 application. The ME1-induced barrier disruption recovered within less than 5 h after the formulation removal, as detected by transepidermal water loss measurements. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that phospholipid and oleic acid-based MEs could become a promising alternative for topical IMQ administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Panoutsopoulou
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (K.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Jarmila Zbytovská
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vávrová
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Georgios Paraskevopoulos
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (K.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
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Atef B, Ishak RA, Badawy SS, Osman R. Exploring the potential of oleic acid in nanotechnology-mediated dermal drug delivery: An up-to-date review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Structural aspects of a self-emulsifying multifunctional amphiphilic excipient: Part II. The case of Cremophor EL. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Yasir Siddique M, Nazar MF, Mahmood M, Saleem MA, Alwadai N, Almuslem AS, Alshammari FH, Haider S, Akhtar MS, Hussain SZ, Safdar M, Akhlaq M. Microemulsified Gel Formulations for Topical Delivery of Clotrimazole: Structural and In Vitro Evaluation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13767-13777. [PMID: 34753286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsified gels (μEGs) with fascinating functions have become indispensable as topical drug delivery systems due to their structural flexibility, high stability, and facile manufacturing process. Topical administration is an attractive alternative to traditional methods because of advantages such as noninvasive administration, bypassing first-pass metabolism, and improving patient compliance. In this article, we report on the new formulations of microemulsion-based gels suitable for topical pharmaceutical applications using biocompatible and ecological ingredients. For this, two biocompatible μE formulations comprising clove oil/Brij-35/water/ethanol (formulation A) and clove oil/Brij-35/water/1-propanol (formulation B) were developed to encapsulate and improve the load of an antimycotic drug, Clotrimazole (CTZ), and further gelatinized to control the release of CTZ through skin barriers. By delimiting the pseudo-ternary phase diagram, optimum μE formulations with clove oil (∼15%) and Brij-35 (∼30%) were developed, keeping constant surfactant/co-surfactant ratio (1:1), to upheld 2.0 wt % CTZ. The as-developed formulations were further converted into smart gels by adding 2.0 wt % carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a cross-linker to adhere to the controlled release of CTZ through complex skin barriers. Electron micrographs show a fine, monodispersed collection of CTZ-μE nanodroplets (∼60 nm), which did not coalesce even after gelation, forming spherical CTZ-μEG (∼90 nm). However, the maturity of CTZ nanodroplets observed by dynamic light scattering suggests the affinity of CTZ for the nonpolar microenvironment, which was further supported by the peak-to-peak correlation of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and fluorescence measurement. In addition, HPLC analysis showed that the in vitro permeation release of CTZ-μEG from rabbit skin in the ethanolic phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) was significantly increased by >98% within 6.0 h. This indicates the sustained release of CTZ in μEBG and the improvement in transdermal therapeutic efficacy of CTZ over its traditional topical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Faizan Nazar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education Lahore, Multan Campus 60700, Pakistan
| | - Marryam Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | | | - Norah Alwadai
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Saleh Almuslem
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fwzah H Alshammari
- Department of Physics, University Colleges at Nairiyah, University of Hafr Al Batin (UHB), Nairiyah 31981 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Haider
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saeed Akhtar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering (SBASSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK 29220, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhlaq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK 29220, Pakistan
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Functionalized niosomes as a smart delivery device in cancer and fungal infection. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 168:106052. [PMID: 34740786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Various diseases remain untreated due to lack of suitable therapeutic moiety or a suitable drug delivery device, especially where toxicities and side effects are the primary reason for concern. Cancer and fungal infections are diseases where treatment schedules are not completed due to severe side effects or lengthy treatment protocols. Advanced treatment approaches such as active targeting and inhibition of angiogenesis may be preferred method for the treatment for malignancy over the conventional method. Niosomes may be a better alternative drug delivery carrier for various therapeutic moieties (either hydrophilic or hydrophobic) and also due to ease of surface modification, non-immunogenicity and economical. Active targeting approach may be done by targeting the receptors through coupling of suitable ligand on niosomal surface. Moreover, various receptors (CD44, folate, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) & Vascular growth factor receptor (VGFR)) expressed by malignant cells have also been reviewed. The preparation of suitable niosomal formulation also requires considerable attention, and its formulation depends upon various factors such as selection of non-ionic surfactant, method of fabrication, and fabrication parameters. A combination therapy (dual drug and immunotherapy) has been proposed for the treatment of fungal infection with special consideration for surface modification with suitable ligand on niosomal surface to sensitize the receptors (C-type lectin receptors, Toll-like receptors & Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors) present on immune cells involved in fungal immunity. Certain gene silencing concept has also been discussed as an advanced alternative treatment for cancer by silencing the mRNA at molecular level using short interfering RNA (si-RNA).
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Albash R, Fahmy AM, Hamed MIA, Darwish KM, El-Dahmy RM. Spironolactone hyaluronic acid enriched cerosomes (HAECs) for topical management of hirsutism: in silico studies, statistical optimization, ex vivo, and in vivo studies. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2289-2300. [PMID: 34726545 PMCID: PMC8567875 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1989089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spironolactone (SP) is a potassium sparing diuretic with antiandrogenic properties. This study aimed at formulating SP into hyaluronic acid enriched cerosomes (HAECs) for topical management of hirsutism. HAECs were prepared by ethanol injection method, according to D-optimal design, after a proper in silico study. HAECs were evaluated by measuring their entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), and polydispersity index (PDI). Optimal hyaluronic acid enriched cerosomes (OHAECs) were subjected to further in vitro and ex-vivo and in-vivo studies. The in silico study concluded better interactions between SP and phosphatidyl choline in presence of hyaluronic acid (HA) and high stability of their binding in water. The prepared HAECs had acceptable EE%, PS, and PDI values. The statistical optimization process suggested OHAEC containing 10.5 mg ceramide III and 15 mg HA, utilizing Kolliphor® RH40. OHAEC had EE% and PS of 89.3 ± 0.3% and 261.8 ± 7.0 nm, respectively. OHAEC was stable for up to 3 months. It also showed a mixed tubular and vesicular appearance under transmission electron microscope. The ex vivo and in vivo studies concluded better skin deposition and accumulation of SP from OHAEC. The histopathological study demonstrated the safety of OHAEC for topical application. Therefore, OHAEC could be considered as effective system for topical application of SP to manage hirsutism, with prolonged action, coupled with minimized side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rofida Albash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdurrahman M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I A Hamed
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Rania Moataz El-Dahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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QbD steered fabrication of Pullulan-Terminalia catappa-Carbopol®971P film forming gel for improved rheological, textural and biopharmaceutical aspects. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1301-1312. [PMID: 34743813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In present work, a film forming gel (FFG) was developed through ingenious amalgamation of polymers: Pullulan, Terminalia catappa and Carbopol®971P ® for cutaneous delivery of clotrimazole (CTZ) employing D-optimal mixture design. The developed FFG possess pseudoplastic, viscoelastic, thixotropic characteristics leading to good spreadability (35.71 ± 1.72 g·s, work of shear; 452.73 ± 8.23 g, firmness). Upon solvent evaporation, FFG converted in situ into bioadhesive film (81.90 ± 3.24 g) leading to longer residence on skin surface, prolonged delivery and ~1.3 fold enhanced CTZ skin retention as compare to commercial cream as evident from biopharmaceutical analysis, which is ideal for skin infections treatment. The simulation analysis suggested ≥10 μg/mL (MIC against C. albicans) CTZ concentration maintained for 2 times the days in rat skin as well as human skin as compared to commercial cream. Overall, the developed FFG system ascertained to be promising delivery system for treatment of chronic skin conditions.
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Abrantes DC, Rogerio CB, de Oliveira JL, Campos EVR, de Araújo DR, Pampana LC, Duarte MJ, Valadares GF, Fraceto LF. Development of a Mosquito Repellent Formulation Based on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:760682. [PMID: 34707504 PMCID: PMC8542870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arboviral diseases are a threat to global public health systems, with recent data suggesting that around 40% of the world's population is at risk of contracting arboviruses. The use of mosquito repellents is an appropriate strategy to avoid humans coming into contact with vectors transmitting these viruses. However, the cost associated with daily applications of repellents can make their use unfeasible for the low-income populations that most need protection. Therefore, the development of effective formulations offers a way to expand access to this means of individual protection. Consequently, research efforts have focused on formulations with smaller quantities of active agents and sustained release technology, aiming to reduce re-applications, toxicity, and cost. The present study investigates the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with a mixture of the compounds icaridin (synthetic) and geraniol (natural), incorporated in cellulose hydrogel. The NLCs were prepared by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method and were submitted to physicochemical characterization as a function of time (at 0, 15, 30, and 60 days). The prepared system presented an average particle size of 252 ± 5 nm, with encapsulation efficiency of 99% for both of the active compounds. The stability profile revealed that the change of particle size was not significant (p > 0.05), indicating high stability of the system. Rheological characterization of the gels containing NLCs showed that all formulations presented pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior, providing satisfactory spreadability and long shelf life. Morphological analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the presence of spherical nanoparticles (252 ± 5 nm) in the cellulose gel matrix. Permeation assays showed low fluxes of the active agents through a Strat-M® membrane, with low permeability coefficients, indicating that the repellents would be retained on the surface to which they are applied, rather than permeating the tissue. These findings open perspectives for the use of hybrid formulations consisting of gels containing nanoparticles that incorporate repellents effective against arthropod-borne virus. These systems could potentially provide improvements considering the issues of effectiveness, toxicity, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jhones L de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Dhaval M, Vaghela P, Patel K, Sojitra K, Patel M, Patel S, Dudhat K, Shah S, Manek R, Parmar R. Lipid-based emulsion drug delivery systems - a comprehensive review. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:1616-1639. [PMID: 34609731 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based emulsion system - a subcategory of emulsion technology, has emerged as an enticing option to improve the solubility of the steadily rising water-insoluble candidates. Along with enhancing solubility, additional advantages such as improvement in permeability, protection against pre-systemic metabolism, ease of manufacturing, and easy to scale-up have made lipid-based emulsion technology very popular among academicians and manufacturers. The present article provides a comprehensive review regarding various critical properties of lipid-based emulsion systems, such as microemulsion, nanoemulsion, SMEDDS (self microemulsifying drug delivery system), and SNEDDS (self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system). The present article also explains in detail the similarities and differences between them, the stabilization mechanism, methods of preparation, excipients used to prepare them, and evaluation techniques. Subtle differences between nearly related terminologies such as microemulsion and nanoemulsion, SMEDDS, and SNEDDS are also explained in detail to clarify the basic differences. The present article also gives in-depth information regarding the chemical structure of various lipidic excipients, various possible chemical modifications to modify their inherent properties, and their regulatory status for rational selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mori Dhaval
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
| | - Poonam Vaghela
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Kajal Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Keshvi Sojitra
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohini Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Sushma Patel
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Dudhat
- K. V. Virani Institute of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Badhada, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunny Shah
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ravi Manek
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Parmar
- B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Ajidam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Elgewelly MA, Elmasry SM, Sayed NSE, Abbas H. Resveratrol-Loaded Vesicular Elastic Nanocarriers Gel in Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis Treatment: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:417-431. [PMID: 34461114 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to develop a new efficient approach for safe treatment of psoriasis. To achieve that, resveratrol-loaded spanlastics(F1-F12) were prepared and evaluated by complete in vitro characterization. The two optimal formulations (F10 and F11) had their particle size in the nano range with high entrapment efficiency and sustainable drug release. These two formulae were incorporated in carbopol 934 gel formulations (G1-G8) with different concentrations of drug and carbopol 934 polymer. G1 and G5 (1% w/w Carbopol 934 gel and 0.1% resveratrol) showed 40.13% ± 2.017% and 73.76% ± 2.46%,8 hours drug release, respectively. Their pH was accepted and non-irritant. At a shear stress of 500 s-1, G1 and G5 showed a reasonable viscosity of 1048.5 ± 2.12 cps and 954 ± 2.15 cps, respectively. In the in vivo psoriasis study, mice treated by G5 gel showed significant improvement of erythema and scaling compared to positive control group and they maintained healthy skin as shown in histopathological observations. Moreover, this group showed the least changes in mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines. Concisely, our results suggest that selected carbopol gel of resveratrol-loaded spanlastics could maximize resveratrol topical anti-psoriatic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soha M Elmasry
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | - Nesrine S El Sayed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Haidy Abbas
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Egypt.
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20
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Farooq U, Rasul A, Zafarullah M, Abbas G, Rasool M, Ali F, Ahmed S, Javaid Z, Abid Z, Riaz H, Mahmood Arshad RK, Maryam S, Amna N, Asif K. Nanoemulsions as novel nanocarrieres for drug delivery across the skin: In-vitro, in-vivo evaluation of miconazole nanoemulsions for treatment of Candidiasis albicans. Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:240-258. [PMID: 34434070 PMCID: PMC8382019 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1965724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current research, attempt is made to fabricate a nanoemulsion (NE) containing an antifungal agent. The prepared formulation has been expected to enhance skin penetration. It is also studied for in vitro drug release and toxicity assessment. Spontaneous titration method was used for preparation of NE. Prepared NE were characterized for their charge, size, morphology, rheological behaviour, drug release profile, skin permeability. The drug permeation and skin irritation were investigated. The in vitro antifungal activity was inspected using the well agar diffusion method. Miconazole NE showed good penetration in the skin as compared to marketed products. SEM showed semispherical shapes of the droplets. Zeta potential and zeta sizer showed that size was in nano ranges having positive charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Maria Rasool
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Beaumont Hospital Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Shabbir Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeeshan Javaid
- Department of Pharmacy, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Zoya Abid
- Department of Pharmacy, Islam College of Pharmacy, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Humayun Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Shayan Maryam
- Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Amna
- Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Asif
- Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
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21
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Mishra P, Handa M, Ujjwal RR, Singh V, Kesharwani P, Shukla R. Potential of nanoparticulate based delivery systems for effective management of alopecia. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112050. [PMID: 34418723 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, more than 50 % of the global population is facing hair-related issues (alopecia) which is seen mostly amongst the people in the age group of 30-40 years. The conventional topical dosage forms available in the market falls short in effectively managing alopecia. Despite various advancements in topical dosage forms, it is still disposed to limited clinical application and provides poor penetration of drug molecules into the skin. The exact etiology of alopecia is still unknown and various researchers link lifestyle, hereditary, and auto immune-based events with its existence. Nanoparticulate-based delivery are hence brought in use to enhance the permeability properties of the drug. In comparison to conventional methods nanotechnology-based drug delivery system tames drug molecules to a specific site with much better efficacy. This review is engrossed in the journey and role of nano technological-based drug delivery in the management of alopecia and its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Mayank Handa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Rewati R Ujjwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Vanshikha Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India.
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22
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Enhanced ocular delivery of clotrimazole via loading into mucoadhesive microemulsion system: In vitro characterization and in vivo assessment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Development of ketorolac tromethamine loaded microemulsion for topical delivery using D-optimal experimental approach: Characterization and evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Sawant A, Kamath S, KG H, Kulyadi GP. Solid-in-Oil-in-Water Emulsion: An Innovative Paradigm to Improve Drug Stability and Biological Activity. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:199. [PMID: 34212274 PMCID: PMC8249250 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract An emulsion is a biphasic dosage form comprising of dispersed phase containing droplets that are uniformly distributed into a surrounding liquid which forms the continuous phase. An emulsifier is added at the interface of two immiscible liquids to stabilize the thermodynamically unstable emulsion. Various types of emulsions such as water-in-oil (w-o), oil-in-water (o-w), microemulsions, and multiple emulsions are used for delivering certain drugs in the body. Water (aqueous) phase is commonly used for encapsulating proteins and several other drugs in water-in-oil-in-water (w-o-w) emulsion technique. But this method has posed certain problems such as decreased stability, burst release, and low entrapment efficiency. Thus, a novel “solid-in-oil-in-water” (s-o-w) emulsion system was developed for formulating certain drugs, probiotics, proteins, antibodies, and tannins to overcome these issues. In this method, the active ingredient is encapsulated as a solid and added to an oil phase, which formed a solid-oil dispersion. This dispersion was then mixed with water to form a continuous phase for enhancing the drug absorption. This article focuses on the various studies done to investigate the effectiveness of formulations prepared as solid-oil-water emulsions in comparison to conventional water-oil-water emulsions. A summary of the results obtained in each study is presented in this article. The s-o-w emulsion technique may become beneficial in near future as it has shown to improve the stability and efficacy of the entrapped active ingredient. Graphical abstract ![]()
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26
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Melefa TD, Mgbenka BO, Aguzie IO, Andong FA, Nwakor U, Nwani CD. Morphological, haematological and biochemical changes in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) juveniles exposed to clotrimazole. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 236:108815. [PMID: 32502602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clotrimazole (CLO) is an imidazole fungicide used in human and veterinary medicine for treating fungal infection. This study evaluated the changes in morphological, haematological and biochemical indices in Clarias gariepinus juveniles exposed to CLO. After the acute exposure, the 96 h LC50 value of CLO determined by probit analysis was 38.79 mgl-1. Based on this value, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of 7.76, 3.89, 1.94 and 0.00 mgl-1 (control) of CLO for 21 days and were allowed to recover for 7 days. The result revealed no significant effect on the hepatosomatic index and condition factor of the exposed fish. There were concentration and time-dependent significant decreases in red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) with significant increase in the white blood cell (WBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) in the exposed group when compared with the control. A mixed trend was observed in the levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucose values significantly increased, while protein levels were reduced (p < 0.05) throughout the 21-day exposure and the 7-day recovery period. The present research indicated that CLO may have potential toxic effect on non-target organisms especially fish and, therefore, should be monitored in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard O Mgbenka
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi O Aguzie
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Felix A Andong
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Uju Nwakor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Christopher D Nwani
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Garg A, Sharma GS, Goyal AK, Ghosh G, Si SC, Rath G. Recent advances in topical carriers of anti-fungal agents. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04663. [PMID: 32904164 PMCID: PMC7452444 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal skin infections are the most common global issue for skin health. Fungal infections are often treated by topical or systemic anti-fungal therapy. Topical fungal therapy is usually preferred because of their targeted therapy and fewer side effects. Advanced topical carriers because of their distinct structural and functional features, overcome biopharmaceutical challenges associated with conventional drug delivery systems like poor retention and low bioavailability. Literature evidence indicated topical nanocarriers loaded with anti-fungal agents display superior therapeutic response with minimum toxicity. Nanocarriers often used for topical anti-fungal medication includes Solid-Lipid nanoparticles, Microemulsions, Liposomes, Niosomes, Microsponge, Nanogel, Nanoemulsion, Micelles etc. This review summarizes recent advances in novel strategies employed in topical carriers to improve the therapeutic performance of anti-fungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinava Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F.College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ganti S. Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F.College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amit K. Goyal
- School of Chemical Sciences and. Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudam Chandra Si
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Architecture based selectivity of Amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(ε-caprolactone) for drug delivery. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Wei YS, Niu ZC, Wang FQ, Feng K, Zong MH, Wu H. A novel Pickering emulsion system as the carrier of tocopheryl acetate for its application in cosmetics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110503. [PMID: 32228963 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pickering emulsion (PE) stabilized by bio-compatible polymer nanoparticles (NPs) was first developed for the encapsulation of lipophilic tocopheryl acetate (TA) for its application in cosmetics. The poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/poly(styrene-co-4-styrene-sulfonate) (PSS) NPs were prepared by solvent displacement, and then they were used as emulsifier particles to fabricate TA-encapsulated PE. It was found that the TA encapsulation efficiency was >98%. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the obtained PE exhibited 'shell' structure. The PE droplets had spherical shape with diameter around 2 μm and good dispersibility as evidenced by laser scanning confocal microscope. In addition, the PE was stable at the pH range of 4.29-7.07 which was compatible to skin pH. Meanwhile, the PE also showed good storage stability since there was no obvious change in its diameter, PDI and TA retention after storage at 4 °C for 30 days. The DPPH method confirmed that TA retained its antioxidation in the PE preparation process. Moreover, an improved UV irradiation stability was observed for the TA after being encapsulated in the PE. The results of cytotoxicity test suggested that the PE was compatible to the Hacat cell line (human immortalized keratinocytes). And there is negligible influence in the cellular uptake of TA after its encapsulation in the PE. However, the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) of encapsulated TA presented a significant increase from 1.32 to 1.56 μM quercetin equivalent/mg·mL-1. Hence, the prepared PE was promising as the carrier of TA for its cosmetic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Niu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng-Qi Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kun Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Pavoni L, Maggi F, Mancianti F, Nardoni S, Ebani VV, Cespi M, Bonacucina G, Palmieri GF. Microemulsions: An effective encapsulation tool to enhance the antimicrobial activity of selected EOs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Kareem F, Bhayo AM, Imran M, Shah MR, Khan KM, Malik MI. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of clotrimazole by delivery through poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) copolymer‐based micelles. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Kareem
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Adnan Murad Bhayo
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
- Department of Clinical PharmacyInstitute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 31441, Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Malik
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS)University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
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Manca ML, Usach I, Peris JE, Ibba A, Orrù G, Valenti D, Escribano-Ferrer E, Gomez-Fernandez JC, Aranda FJ, Fadda AM, Manconi M. Optimization of Innovative Three-Dimensionally-Structured Hybrid Vesicles to Improve the Cutaneous Delivery of Clotrimazole for the Treatment of Topical Candidiasis. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060263. [PMID: 31174342 PMCID: PMC6630241 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New three-dimensionally-structured hybrid phospholipid vesicles, able to load clotrimazole in a high amount (10 mg/mL), were obtained for the first time in this work by significantly reducing the amount of water (≤10%), which was replaced with a mixture of glycerol and ethanol (≈90%). A pre-formulation study was carried out to evaluate the effect of both the composition of the hydrating medium and the concentration of the phospholipid on the physico-chemical properties of hybrid vesicles. Four different three-dimensionally-structured hybrid vesicles were selected as ideal systems for the topical application of clotrimazole. An extensive physico-chemical characterization performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), 31P-NMR, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) displayed the formation of small, multi-, and unilamellar vesicles very close to each other, and was capable of forming a three-dimensional network, which stabilized the dispersion. Additionally, the dilution of the dispersion with water reduced the interactions between vesicles, leading to the formation of single unilamellar vesicles. The evaluation of the in vitro percutaneous delivery of clotrimazole showed an improved drug deposition in the skin strata provided by the three-dimensionally-structured vesicles with respect to the commercial cream (Canesten®) used as a reference. Hybrid vesicles were highly biocompatible and showed a significant antifungal activity in vitro, greater than the commercial cream Canesten®. The antimycotic efficacy of formulations was confirmed by the reduced proliferation of the yeast cells at the site of infection in vivo. In light of these results, clotrimazole-loaded, three-dimensionally-structured hybrid vesicles appear to be one of the most innovative and promising formulations for the treatment of candidiasis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Manca
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonella Ibba
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Molecular Biology Service Lab (MBS), Via Ospedale 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Germano Orrù
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Molecular Biology Service Lab (MBS), Via Ospedale 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Donatella Valenti
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan Carmelo Gomez-Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30080 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Francisco José Aranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30080 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
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Sharma Bora N, Mazumder B, Patowary P, Kishor S, Doma Bhutia Y, Chattopadhyay P, Dwivedi SK. Formulation development and accelerated stability testing of a novel sunscreen cream for ultraviolet radiation protection in high altitude areas. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1332-1341. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1616750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilutpal Sharma Bora
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Pompy Patowary
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Sumit Kishor
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
| | - Yangchen Doma Bhutia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
| | - Sanjai Kumar Dwivedi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Tezpur, India
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Qurt MS, Esentürk İ, Birteksöz Tan S, Erdal MS, Araman A, Güngör S. Voriconazole and sertaconazole loaded colloidal nano-carriers for enhanced skin deposition and improved topical fungal treatment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen L, Annaji M, Kurapati S, Ravis WR, Jayachandra Babu R. Microemulsion and Microporation Effects on the Genistein Permeation Across Dermatomed Human Skin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3481-3489. [PMID: 30140994 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the microemulsion (ME) effects on the permeation of genistein across normal (intact) and microporated human skin. The genistein formulation was optimized to know the stable ME region in the pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and to maximize the skin permeation and retention of genistein. The phase diagrams were constructed with different oil phases, surfactants, and their combinations. The influence of formulation factors on the permeation through intact and microporated human skin was determined. Based on its wide ME region, as well as permeation enhancement effects, oleic acid was used as an oil phase with various surfactants and co-surfactants to further maximize the ME region and skin permeation. The water content in the formulation played an important role in the ME stability, droplet size, and flux of genistein. For example, the ME with 20% water exhibited 4- and 9-fold higher flux as compared to the ME base (no water) and aqueous suspension, respectively. Likewise, this formulation had demonstrated 2- and 4-fold higher skin retention as compared to the ME base (no water) and aqueous suspension, respectively. The skin microporation did not significantly increase the skin permeation of genistein from ME formulations. The ME composition, water content, and to a lesser extent the ME particle size played a role in improving the skin permeation and retention of genistein.
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Biomedical applications of microemulsion through dermal and transdermal route. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1477-1494. [PMID: 30372850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, transparent, colloidal drug carrier system extensively used by the scientists for effective drug delivery across the skin. It is a spontaneous isotropic mixture of lipophilic and hydrophilic substances stabilized by suitable surfactant and co-surfactant. The easy fabrication, long-term stability, enhanced solubilization, biocompatibility, skin-friendly appearance and affinity for both the hydrophilic and lipophilic drug substances make it superior for skin drug delivery over the other carrier systems. The topical administration of most of the active compounds is impaired by limited skin permeability due to the presence of skin barriers. In this sequence, the microemulsion represents a cost-effective and convenient drug carrier system which successfully delivers the drug to and across the skin. In the present review work, we compiled various attempts made in last 20 years, utilizing the microemulsion for dermal and transdermal delivery of various drugs. The review emphasizes the potency of microemulsion for topical and transdermal drug delivery and its effect on drug permeability.
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Positive effect of alendronate on bone turnover in ovariectomised rats’ osteoporosis: comparison of transdermal lipid-based delivery with conventional oral administration. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1078-1089. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Oliveira CA, Gouvêa MM, Antunes GR, Freitas ZMFD, Marques FFDC, Ricci-Junior E. Nanoemulsion containing 8-methoxypsoralen for topical treatment of dermatoses: Development, characterization and ex vivo permeation in porcine skin. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:1-9. [PMID: 29800737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral therapy with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) may cause major side effects, whereas the topical treatment might not be much effective due to the low penetration induced by typical formulations. Therefore, the objectives of this work are the development and characterization of a nanoemulsion (NE) containing 8-MOP together with an ex vivo permeation study, monitored by a validated HPLC-Fluo method, to determine the amount of drug retained in viable skin (epidermis (E) and dermis (D)) and in stratum corneum (SC). The optimized conditions for NE formulation were achieved by full factorial designs (25 and 32): 60 s and 60% of ultrasound time and potency, respectively; 10 mL of final volume; 2% v/v of oil phase (clove essential oil); and 10% m/v of Poloxamer 407. The NE showed mean droplet diameter of 24.98 ± 0.49 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.091 ± 0.23, pH values of 6.54 ± 0.06, refractive index of 1.3525 ± 0.0001 and apparent viscosity of 51.15 ± 3.66 mPa at 20 °C. Droplets with nanospherical diameters were also observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ex vivo permeation study showed that 8.5% of the applied 8-MOP dose permeated through the biological membranes, with flux (J) of 1.35 μg cm-2 h-1. The drug retention in E + D and in SC was 10.15 ± 1.36 and 1.95 ± 0.71 µg cm-2, respectively. Retention in viable skin induced by the NE was almost two-fold higher than a compounded cream (5.04 ± 0.30 μg cm-2). These results suggested that the developed NE is a promising alternative for 8-MOP topical therapy when compared to commercial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Amorim Oliveira
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro - Campus Rio de Janeiro, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos Martins Gouvêa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry - Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Ramos Antunes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry - Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zaida Maria Faria de Freitas
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil
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Tabosa MAM, de Andrade ARB, Lira AAM, Sarmento VHV, de Santana DP, Leal LB. Microemulsion Formulations for the Transdermal Delivery of Lapachol. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1837-1846. [PMID: 29637497 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This project was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using microemulsions for transdermal delivery of lapachol. From the screening of surfactants and oils, a range of microemulsions were developed using oleic acid, a mixture of Cremophor EL and Tween 20 and water. The solubility of lapachol was determined in these ingredients and in the formulated microemulsions. The microemulsions were characterised using cross-polarising light microscopy, their electrical conductivity, pH, zeta potential and rheology were analysed, and they were also investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. Ex vivo studies were performed using porcine ear skin and Franz diffusion cells to investigate the permeation and retention of lapachol. Systems containing different concentrations of Cremophor EL (8.4-41.6%), Tween 20 (5.4-41.6%) and oleic acid (12-31.9%) are able to form microemulsions. Lapachol was delivered more effectively through the skin from all of the microemulsions tested than by the control (oleic acid). These studies indicated that microemulsions incorporating lapachol were formed successfully and that these enhanced drug delivery and retention in the skin. Microemulsion systems may, therefore, provide promising vehicles for percutaneous delivery of lapachol.
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40
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Investigation of microemulsion and microemulsion gel formulations for dermal delivery of clotrimazole. Int J Pharm 2018; 536:345-352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Novel Pemulen/Pullulan blended hydrogel containing clotrimazole-loaded cationic nanocapsules: Evaluation of mucoadhesion and vaginal permeation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Machado RM, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R. Vaginal semisolid products: Technological performance considering physiologic parameters. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:556-568. [PMID: 28887234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal semisolid products are frequently used to treat vaginal infections and atrophy-related symptoms of menopause. Formulations composition and the methods for their characterization, especially those developed concerning the target epithelia, are key tools to predict in vivo results at early stages of product development. However, recent studies on this subject have been almost exclusively focused on anti-HIV preparations. The aim of this work consists on improving traditional characterization methods by using physiological parameters in order to construct predictive tools to characterize a new ideal vaginal semisolid formulation whatever target it may have. Ten vaginal antimicrobial and hormonal products already available in the market were studied (Gino-Canesten®, Sertopic®, Dermofix®, Gyno-pevaryl®, Lomexin®, Gino Travogen®, Dalacin V®, Ovestin®, Blissel®, Colpotrophine®). Furthermore, Universal Placebo gel and Replens® were used for comparison. Products were characterized in terms of: pH and buffering capacity in a vaginal fluid simulant (VFS); osmolality - directly and upon dilution in VFS; textural parameters (firmness, adhesiveness and bioadhesion) using vaginal ex vivo porcine epithelium; and viscosity (including VFS dilution at 37°C and after administration on an ex vivo model). Interestingly, the majority of the tested commercial vaginal formulations did not present technological characteristics close to the ideal ones when tested under target biological conditions. The inclusion of such methodologic adaptations is expected to optimize cost-efficiency of new formulations development by predicting efficacy and safety profiles at early stages of product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Monteiro Machado
- CICS, UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit, HPRD - Health Products Research and Development, Lda, Edifício UBIMEDICAL, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS, UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit, HPRD - Health Products Research and Development, Lda, Edifício UBIMEDICAL, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - José Martinez-de-Oliveira
- CICS, UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Child and Woman's Health Department, Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira EPE, Quinta do Alvito, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Rita Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS, UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit, HPRD - Health Products Research and Development, Lda, Edifício UBIMEDICAL, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal; Pharmacy Department, Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira EPE, Quinta do Alvito, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Kaewbanjong J, Wan Sia Heng P, Boonme P. Clotrimazole microemulsion and microemulsion-based gel: evaluation of buccal drug delivery and irritancy using chick chorioallantoic membrane as the model. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1716-1723. [PMID: 28836273 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of clotrimazole microemulsion (CTZ-ME) and its gel form, clotrimazole microemulsion-based gel (CTZ-MBG), for the treatment of oral candidiasis. METHODS CTZ-ME and CTZ-MBG were characterized for droplet size and texture, respectively. The ex-vivo permeation study and irritancy assessment of CTZ-ME and CTZ-MBG were performed using chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as the model. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10 231 of CTZ-ME and CTZ-MBG was determined by agar diffusion method compared to the blank counterparts. KEY FINDINGS CTZ-ME contained nano-sized droplets and CTZ-MBG had acceptable firmness and spreadability. CTZ-ME exhibited faster CAM permeation of the drug and larger inhibition zone than CTZ-MBG as the increased viscosity of CTZ-MBG resulted in more retardation and higher fluctuations in drug diffusion. As there were no detectable visual changes in CAM blood vessels after applying CTZ-ME or CTZ-MBG, both formulations were non-irritants. CONCLUSIONS CTZ-ME and CTZ-MBG could deliver the drug through CAM, the model for buccal delivery. Additionally, they did not cause irritancy and had effective antifungal activity against C. albicans. The results indicated that CTZ-ME and CTZ-MBG were potential effective antifungal formulations to treat oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarika Kaewbanjong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Nanotec-PSU Center of Excellence on Drug Delivery System, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prapaporn Boonme
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Nanotec-PSU Center of Excellence on Drug Delivery System, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Kaur G, Mehta S. Developments of Polysorbate (Tween) based microemulsions: Preclinical drug delivery, toxicity and antimicrobial applications. Int J Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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In-vitro efficacies of topical microemulsions of clotrimazole and ketoconazole; and in-vivo performance of clotrimazole microemulsion. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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46
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Mathur M, Devi VK. Potential of novel drug delivery systems in the management of topical candidiasis. J Drug Target 2017; 25:685-703. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1331352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Mathur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - V. Kusum Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
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47
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Radwan SAA, ElMeshad AN, Shoukri RA. Microemulsion loaded hydrogel as a promising vehicle for dermal delivery of the antifungal sertaconazole: design, optimization and ex vivo evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1351-1365. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1318899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Ali Ali Radwan
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Nabil ElMeshad
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raguia Aly Shoukri
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Farghaly DA, Aboelwafa AA, Hamza MY, Mohamed MI. Microemulsion for topical delivery of fenoprofen calcium: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Liposome Res 2017; 28:126-136. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1281951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali Farghaly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The Applied Research Center of Medicinal Plants “ARCMP”, National Organization for Drug Control and Research “NODCAR”, El-Haram, Giza, Egypt,
| | - Ahmed A. Aboelwafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, Egypt, and
| | - Manal Y. Hamza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Organization for Drug Control and Research “NODCAR”, Agouza, Giza, Egypt
| | - Magdy I. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, Egypt, and
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49
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Sulpiride microemulsions as antipsychotic nasal drug delivery systems: In-vitro and pharmacodynamic study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kumari B, Kesavan K. Effect of chitosan coating on microemulsion for effective dermal clotrimazole delivery. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:617-626. [PMID: 27574791 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1230629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Clotrimazole (CTZ) is a broad spectrum antimycotic agent known to be very effective locally for the treatment of fungal skin infections. The aim of this study was to study the effect of chitosan-coated microemulsion (CME) for topical delivery of CTZ and also evaluate its in vitro antifungal efficacy, ex vivo permeation and retention ability on the skin surface. The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed using clove oil as oil phase, Tween 80 and propylene glycol as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively, and distilled water as aqueous phase. CME was prepared by the drop wise addition of chitosan solution to the optimized microemulsion. Physicochemical parameters (globule size, zeta potential, drug content, viscosity and pH) and in vitro release of CME were studied. The in vitro antifungal efficacy of CME and ME was studied by cup-plate method against Candida albicans. Ex vivo drug permeation study was also carried out in a modified diffusion cell, using rat skin. The developed CME displayed an average globule size less than 50 nm and a positive surface charge, acceptable physico-chemical behavior, and exhibited sustained drug release in in vitro study. In in vitro anti-fungal study, CME showed greater values of zone of inhibition as compared to ME due to its prolonged action as well as fungistatic nature of chitosan. In ex vivo study, CME showed better retention and sustained permeation property than ME due to the mucoadhesive property of chitosan. These results suggest that positively charged CMEs could be used as novel topical formulation for its ability to retain on the skin and its ability to sustain the release of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Kumari
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Bilaspur , India
| | - Karthikeyan Kesavan
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Bilaspur , India
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