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Jasim A, Albukhaty S, Sulaiman GM, Al-Karagoly H, Jabir MS, Abomughayedh AM, Mohammed HA, Abomughaid MM. Liposome Nanocarriers Based on γ Oryzanol: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Assessment of Toxicity and Antioxidant Activity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3554-3564. [PMID: 38284009 PMCID: PMC10809378 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop and characterize liposome nanocarriers based on γ oryzanol and evaluate their potential in vitro and in vivo toxicity and antioxidant effects. The liposomes were physicochemically characterized using various techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS) for size and polydispersity index (PDI) measurements and ζ-potential analysis. The in vitro toxicity assessments were performed using hemolysis and MTT assays on the HS5 cell line. In vivo, acute oral toxicity was evaluated by using LD50 assays in mice. Additionally, antioxidant activity was assessed through biochemical analysis of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and liver tissue catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels. The results revealed that the liposomes exhibited a uniform and spherical morphology with suitable physicochemical properties for drug delivery applications. The in vitro cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays and the in vivo LD50 experiment indicated the potential safety of γ oryzanol liposomes, especially at lower concentrations. In addition, the assessment of liver enzymes, i.e., ALT and AST, and the antioxidant markers further revealed the safety of the formulation, particularly for the liver as a highly sensitive soft organ. Overall, the liposome nanocarriers based on γ oryzanol were successfully formulated and expressed potential safety, supporting their application for the purposes of drug delivery and therapeutic interventions, particularly for hepatocellular and antioxidant therapies; however, further investigations for preclinical and clinical studies could be the future prospects for liposome nanocarriers based on γ oryzanol to explore the safety and efficacy of these nanocarriers in various disease models and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed
J. Jasim
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Misan, Maysan 62001, Iraq
- College
of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Division
of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Hassan Al-Karagoly
- Department
of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah 58001, Iraq
| | - Majid S. Jabir
- Division
of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Ali M. Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy
Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry
of Health, Asir 62523, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Mosleh M. Abomughaid
- Department
of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
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Cui Q, Wang C, Zhou L, Wei Y, Liu Z, Wu X. Simple and novel icariin-loaded pro-glycymicelles as a functional food: physicochemical characteristics, in vitro biological activities, and in vivo experimental hyperlipidemia prevention evaluations. Food Funct 2023; 14:9907-9919. [PMID: 37853783 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02838k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A novel functional food for hyperlipidemia named icariin (ICA) pro-glycymicelles (ICA-PGs) using glycyrrhizin as a phytonanomaterial was easily prepared with improved storage, pH, and salt stabilities. ICA-PGs can easily dissolve in water to self-assemble into a clear glycymicelle solution with high ICA encapsulation efficiency. The ICA in ICA-PGs exhibits significantly increased aqueous solubility, faster in vitro release, and higher bioaccessibility than bare ICA. The ICA-PGs exhibited improved in vitro activities including antioxidant, anti-α-glucosidase, anti-lipase, and anti-cholesterol esterase activities. The ICA-PG also demonstrated improved antioxidant activity in cells. In vivo evaluation confirmed that the ICA-PG demonstrated a significant protective effect against experimental hyperlipidemia in mice, exhibiting decreasing levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in the serum, and restoring the hepatic morphology to the normal state. These results indicated that the ICA-PG could improve in vitro/in vivo profiles of ICA, providing a new concept and a promising functional food for hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of clinical laboratory, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjun Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Viwit Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Viwit Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
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Elmowafy E, O El-Derany M, Casettari L, Soliman ME, El-Gogary RI. Gamma oryzanol loaded into micelle-core/chitosan-shell: from translational nephroprotective potential to emphasis on sirtuin-1 associated machineries. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122482. [PMID: 36513255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gamma oryzanol (ORZ) is a nutraceutical that is poorly water soluble with poor intestinal absorption. In the current work, ORZ was nanoformulated into uncoated and chitosan coated micelles based on methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) and poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) copolymers for augmenting ORZ oral delivery. The physicochemical properties, morphological study, in-vitro release and safety of the nanoplaforms were determined. Importantly, the nephroprotective competence of the nanoplaforms was analyzed against acute kidney injury (AKI) rat model and the sirtuin-1 associated machineries were assessed. The results revealed that the micelles exerted particle size (PS) from 97.9 to 117.8 nm that was markedly increased after chitosan coating. The reversal of zeta potential from negative to highly positive further confirmed efficient coating. In vitro release profiles demonstrated prolonged release pattern. The nanoforms conferred higher cell viability values than free ORZ on Vero cell line. The designed micelles displayed augmented nephroprotection compared to free ORZ with the supremacy of CS coated micelles over uncoated ones in restoring kidney parameters to normal levels. The attenuated AKI was fulfilled via the modulation of sirtuin-1 signaling pathways translated by restoring the histological features, increasing renal antioxidant states, renal autophagy and decreasing renal inflammation and renal apoptosis. These outcomes confirmed that surface modification with chitosan had a considerable leverage on micelles safety, release behavior and in vivo performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AinShams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza delRinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (EJUST), New Borg El Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Riham I El-Gogary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Villar MAL, Vidallon MLP, Rodriguez EB. Nanostructured lipid carrier for bioactive rice bran gamma-oryzanol. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Sharif N, Golmakani MT, Hajjari MM. Integration of physicochemical, molecular dynamics, and in vitro evaluation of electrosprayed γ-oryzanol-loaded gliadin nanoparticles. Food Chem 2022; 395:133589. [PMID: 35779508 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrospraying is a technique to improve the application and stability of bioactive compounds in food. Here, electrospraying was applied to fabricate gliadin particles incorporated γ-oryzanol. The round particles were obtained, with an average diameter of 481.56 ± 283.74 nm, from scanning electron microscopy. Simulations demonstrated how γ-oryzanol-loaded gliadin particles were unfolded in acetic acid and culminated in their globular shape under an electric field. The results also revealed that γ-oryzanol was present in gliadin particles. Moreover, there was a successful formation of particles with a homogeneous distribution and an enhanced thermostabilization of γ-oryzanol. In food simulants, γ-oryzanol demonstrated an initial burst release, followed by a subsequent, slower release that occurred gradually. Finally, MTT assays showed concentration- and time-dependent inhibitions of γ-oryzanol-loaded gliadin particles on HT-29 cells, with IC50 values of 0.47 and 0.40 mg/mL for 24 and 48 h, respectively. This study described a protocol for developing γ-oryzanol-loaded gliadin particles with enhanced stability, valuable release-behavior, and decreased HT-29 proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Sharif
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Hajjari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Phothi T, Tunsophon S, Tiyaboonchai W, Khongsombat O. Effects of curcumin and γ‑oryzanol solid dispersion on the brain of middle‑aged rats. Biomed Rep 2022; 17:59. [PMID: 35719843 PMCID: PMC9198973 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the major factors that contributes to brain deterioration in the elderly. Oxidation causes molecular alterations, structural damage, and brain dysfunction, which includes cognitive impairment. Memory loss can begin in middle-aged individuals, so prevention of brain deterioration before aging is important. Several studies have reported that curcumin and γ-oryzanol exhibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, curcumin and γ-oryzanol exhibit low aqueous solubility. Thus, a solid dispersion technique was used to prepare curcumin and γ-oryzanol to enhance their solubility and stability. This study aims to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of γ-oryzanol solid dispersion (GOSD) and curcumin solid dispersion (CURSD) on learning and memory in six groups of male rats (n=5/group). Group one was the adult control consisting of 6-week old male rats, and the remaining five groups consisted of 42-week (middle-aged) male rats. The groups were labeled as the control group, the GO group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW), the Cur group (CURSD 50 mg/kg·BW), the GO-LCur group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW plus CURSD 25 mg/kg·BW), and the GO-HCur group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW plus CURSD 50 mg/kg·BW). Substances were administrated by oral gavage once daily for 42 consecutive days. The GO-HCur group exhibited significantly increased learning and memory performance in a Morris water maze and in reacting to a spontaneous tendency novel object test. The rats also exhibited decreased levels of lipid peroxidation, increased superoxide dismutase levels, glutathione peroxidase levels, catalase activity, and enhanced c-Fos expression both in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results indicated that GOSD 10 mg/kg plus CURSD 50 mg/kg was able to enhance learning and memory performance in the middle-aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyaphon Phothi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Waree Tiyaboonchai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Onrawee Khongsombat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Qader AB, Kumar S, Kohli K, Hussein AA. Garlic oil loaded rosuvastatin solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system to improve level of high-density lipoprotein for ameliorating hypertriglyceridemia. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2021.1929604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Burhan Qader
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Shobhit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology (MIET), Meerut, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology (Pharm.), Greater Noida, India
| | - Ahmed Abbas Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Shah HS, Gotecha A, Jetha D, Rajput A, Bariya A, Panchal S, Butani S. Gamma oryzanol niosomal gel for skin cancer: formulation and optimization using quality by design (QbD) approach. AAPS OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41120-021-00041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractSkin cancer is fifth most diagnosed disease in human population due to ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure. Gamma oryzanol (OZ) is a natural antioxidant, and it also has skin anti-aging properties. OZ is naturally found in rice bran oil. The main aim of the present work was to optimize OZ niosomal formulation using quality by design approach including one variable at a time and full factorial design. Niosomes were prepared by solvent injection method and characterized for size, polydispersity index, drug entrapment, and transmission electron microscopy. The optimized batch obtained at X1 [drug to span 60 molar ratio (1:5)], X2 [volume of hydration (75 mL)], and X3 [stirring speed (2500 rpm)] to Y1 [average vesicle size (196.6 nm)] and Y2 [entrapment efficiency (78.31%)] as dependent variables. The optimized OZ noisomes were formulated by niosomal gel to provide improved physicochemical stability upon topical application against UV. The niosomal gel was characterized using pH meter, viscometer, Draize test for skin irritancy, ex vivo permeation studies, and stability studies. Ex vivo permeation studies of OZ niosomal gel not only showed fourfold higher permeation but also exhibited better drug retention in dermal layers of skin as compared to OZ gel. Quality Target Product Profile of OZ niosomal formulation was generated. Risk analysis of optimized OZ gel suggested most critical quality attributes (CQAs) and critical process parameters (CPPs) to be characterized as low risk. Thus, γ-oryzanol niosomal gel for topical use can serve as a promising prophylactic treatment in skin cancer, and the developed prototype formulation can be further extended to future newly discovered drugs with similar characteristics.
Graphical abstract
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Fayed ND, Goda AE, Essa EA, El Maghraby GM. Chitosan-encapsulated niosomes for enhanced oral delivery of atorvastatin. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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A low cost and eco-friendly membrane from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and honey: synthesis, characterization and antibacterial property. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Arafa MF, Alshaikh RA, Abdelquader MM, El Maghraby GM. Co-processing of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe for Enhanced Dissolution Rate: In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:59. [PMID: 33517486 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of fixed dose combinations is growing and many of these drug combinations are being legally marketed. However, the development of these requires careful investigation of possible physicochemical changes during co-processing. This requires investigation of the effect of co-processing of drug combination in absence of excipients to maximize the chance of interaction (if any). Accordingly, the aim was to investigate the effect of co-processing of ezetimibe and atorvastatin on drugs dissolution rate. The objective was extended to in vitro in vivo correlation. Drugs were subjected to wet co-processing in presence of ethanol after being mixed at different ratios. The prepared formulations were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and in vitro dissolution testing. These investigations proved the possibility of eutectic system formation after drugs co-processing. This was reflected on drugs dissolution rate which was significantly enhanced at dose ratio and 2:1 atorvastatin:ezetimibe molar ratio compared to the corresponding pure drugs. In vivo antihyperlipidemic effects of the co-processed drugs were monitored in albino mice which were subjected to hyperlipidemia induction using poloxamer 407. The results showed significant enhancement in pharmacological activity as revealed from pronounced reduction in cholesterol level in mice administering the co-processed form of both drugs. Besides, histopathological examinations of the liver showed marked decrease in hepatic vacuolation. In conclusion, co-processing of atorvastatin with ezetimibe resulted in beneficial eutexia which hastened the dissolution rate and pharmacological effects of both drugs.Graphical abstract.
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A Salem S, S M Diab M, H Shehata S, N Soliman T. Nanochitosan Effect on Biomolecular, Hypolipidemic in Rats and Incorporation in Functional Yogurt. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:548-561. [PMID: 34486330 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.548.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Chitosan has many functional properties and biological activities. This work aimed to prepare and characterize Chitosan Nanoparticles (CN). Then, evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effect of CN in rats. Incorporate CN in camel yogurt and evaluation of yogurt properties. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Chitosan Nanoparticles (CN) were prepared and analyzed for the size, zeta potential and poly Polydispersity Index (PDI). Total 24 rats were divided into 4 groups, the negative control group was fed on the basal diet and the positive control group was fed on a High-Fat Diet (HFD), the group I and II were fed on the HFD+(CC) or (CN). The feeding period was 6 weeks. Prepared and Characterization stirred camel yogurt fortified by CN. <b>Results:</b> CN the size was 27.20 nm, ζ-potential+38.78. After the feeding period for CN and CC groups were a decrease in body weight, serum lipid profile and liver function in both tested groups and an increase in HDL-cholesterol and an increase in antioxidants in the CN group more than that in the CC group was observed. mRNA expression with qPCR for hepatic PPARγ, HL, GSS and CYP2E1 genes was performed to investigate the alterations in their levels after CN treatment on the liver of rats fed with HFD. <b>Conclusion:</b> CN possesses the ability to improve the impairment of lipid metabolism as strongly associated with gene expressions related to lipogenesis and oxidative stress. Also, the addition of 2% CN to camel yogurt gave sensory acceptable and microbiological quality.
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Mohammadi M, Jafari SM, Hamishehkar H, Ghanbarzadeh B. Phytosterols as the core or stabilizing agent in different nanocarriers. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Gamma-oryzanol prevents ethanol-induced liver injury by ameliorating oxidative stress and modulating apoptosis-related protein expression in mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Sumaila M, Ramburrun P, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Lipopolysaccharide Polyelectrolyte Complex for Oral Delivery of an Anti-tubercular Drug. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:107. [PMID: 30746572 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-tuberculosis drug delivery has remained a challenge due to inconsistent bioavailability and inadequate sustained-release properties leading to treatment failure. To resolve these drawbacks, a lipopolysaccharide polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) encapsulated with rifampicin (RIF) (as the model drug) was fabricated, using the solvent injection technique (SIT), with soy lecithin (SLCT), and low-molecular-weight chitosan (LWCT). The average particle size and surface charge of RIF-loaded PEC particulates was 151.6 nm and + 33.0 nm, respectively, with noted decreased particle size and surface charge following increase in SLCT-LWCT mass ratio. Encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and drug-loading capacity (%LC) was 64.25% and 5.84%, respectively. Increase in SLCT-LWCT mass ratio significantly increased %EE with a marginal reduction in %LC. In vitro release studies showed a sustained-release profile for the PEC particulate tablet over 24 h (11.4% cumulative release) where the dominant release mechanism involved non-Fickian anomalous transport shifting towards super case II release as SLCT ratios increased (6.4% cumulative release). PEC-tablets prepared without SIT presented with rapid Fickian-diffusion-based drug release with up to 90% RIF release within 4 h. Ex vivo permeability studies revealed that lipopolysaccharide PEComplexation significantly increased the permeability of RIF by ~ 2-fold within the 8-h study period. These results suggest successful encapsulation of RIF within a PEC structure while imparting increased amorphic regions, as indicated by x-ray diffraction, for potential benefits in improved drug dissolution, bioavailability, and dosing.
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