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Sharma A, Cazade P, Khamar D, Hayden A, Thompson D, Hughes H. On the role of excipients in biopharmaceuticals manufacture: Modelling-guided formulation identifies the protective effect of arginine hydrochloride excipient on spray-dried Olipudase alfa recombinant protein. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124466. [PMID: 39009288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals are labile biomolecules that must be safeguarded to ensure the safety, quality, and efficacy of the product. Batch freeze-drying is an established means of manufacturing solid biopharmaceuticals but alternative technologies such as spray-drying may be more suitable for continuous manufacturing of inhalable biopharmaceuticals. Here we assessed the feasibility of spray-drying Olipudase alfa, a novel parenteral therapeutic enzyme, by evaluating some of its critical quality attributes (CQAs) in a range of excipients, namely, trehalose, arginine (Arg), and arginine hydrochloride (Arg-HCl) in the sucrose/methionine base formulation. The Arg-HCl excipient produced the best gain in CQAs of spray-dried Olipudase with a 63% reduction in reconstitution time and 83% reduction in the optical density of the solution. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the atomic-scale mechanism of the protein-excipient interactions, substantiating the experimental results. The Arg-HCl effect was explained by the calculated thermal stability and structural order of the protein wherein Arg-HCl acted as a crowding agent to suppress protein aggregation and promote stabilization of Olipudase post-spray-drying. Therefore, by rational selection of appropriate excipients, our experimental and modelling dataset confirms spray-drying is a promising technology for the manufacture of Olipudase and demonstrates the potential to accelerate development of continuous manufacturing of parenteral biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
| | - Pierre Cazade
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Dikshitkumar Khamar
- Sanofi, Manufacturing Science, Analytics and Technology (MSAT), IDA Industrial Park Waterford, X91TP27, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Hayden
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
| | - Damien Thompson
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Helen Hughes
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland.
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2
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Noske S, Karimov M, Krüger M, Lilli B, Ewe A, Aigner A. Spray-drying of PEI-/PPI-based nanoparticles for DNA or siRNA delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114297. [PMID: 38641228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Spray-drying of nucleic acid-based drugs designed for gene therapy or gene knockdown is associated with many advantages including storage stability and handling as well as the possibility of pulmonary application. The encapsulation of nucleic acids in nanoparticles prior to spray-drying is one strategy for obtaining efficient formulations. This, however, strongly relies on the definition of optimal nanoparticles, excipients and spray-drying conditions. Among polymeric nanoparticles, polyethylenimine (PEI)-based complexes with or without chemical modifications have been described previously as very efficient for gene or oligonucleotide delivery. The tyrosine-modification of linear or branched low molecular weight PEIs, or of polypropylenimine (PPI) dendrimers, has led to high complex stability, improved cell uptake and transfection efficacy as well as high biocompatibility. In this study, we identify optimal spray-drying conditions for PEI-based nanoparticles containing large plasmid DNA or small siRNAs, and further explore the spray-drying of nanoparticles containing chemically modified polymers. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), but not trehalose or lactose, is particularly well-suited as excipient, retaining or even enhancing transfection efficacies compared to fresh complexes. A big mesh size is critically important as well, while the variation of the spray-drying temperature plays a minor role. Upon spray-drying, microparticles in a ∼ 3.3 - 8.5 µm size range (laser granulometry) are obtained, dependent on the polymers. Upon their release from the spray-dried material, the nanoparticles show increased sizes and markedly altered zeta potentials as compared to their fresh counterparts. This may contribute to their high efficacy that is seen also after prolonged storage of the spray-dried material. We conclude that these spray-dried systems offer a great potential for the preparation of nucleic acid drug storage forms with facile reconstitution, as well as for their direct pulmonary application as dry powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Noske
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Karimov
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krüger
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bettina Lilli
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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Xie L, Xie D, Du Z, Xue S, Wang K, Yu X, Liu X, Peng Q, Fang C. A novel therapeutic outlook: Classification, applications and challenges of inhalable micron/nanoparticle drug delivery systems in lung cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:38. [PMID: 38391039 PMCID: PMC10901537 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer represents a marked global public health concern. Despite existing treatment modalities, the average 5‑year survival rate for patients with patients with lung cancer is only ~20%. As there are numerous adverse effects of systemic administration routes, there is an urgent need to develop a novel therapeutic strategy tailored specifically for patients with lung cancer. Non‑invasive aerosol inhalation, as a route of drug administration, holds unique advantages in the context of respiratory diseases. Nanoscale materials have extensive applications in the field of biomedical research in recent years. The present study provides a comprehensive review of the classification, applications summarized according to existing clinical treatment modalities for lung cancer and challenges associated with inhalable micron/nanoparticle drug delivery systems (DDSs) in lung cancer. Achieving localized treatment of lung cancer preclinical models through inhalation is deemed feasible. However, further research is required to substantiate the efficacy and long‑term safety of inhalable micron/nanoparticle DDSs in the clinical management of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Daihan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Zhefei Du
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Xue
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Kesheng Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Qiuxia Peng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
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Poozesh S, Mezhericher M, Pan Z, Chaudhary U, Manikwar P, Stone HA. Rapid Room-Temperature Aerosol Dehydration Versus Spray Drying: A Novel Paradigm in Biopharmaceutical Drying Technologies. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:974-981. [PMID: 37802368 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the high quality of biopharmaceutical products, it is imperative to implement specialized unit operations that effectively safeguard the structural integrity of large molecules. While lyophilization has long been a reliable process, spray drying has recently garnered attention for its particle engineering capabilities for the pulmonary route of administration. However, maintaining the integrity of biologics during spray drying remains a challenge. To address this issue, we explored a novel dehydration system based on aerosol-assisted room-temperature drying of biological formulations recently developed at Princeton University, called Rapid Room-Temperature Aerosol Dehydration. We compared the quality attributes of the bulk powder of biopharmaceutical products manufactured using this drying technology with that of traditional spray drying. For all the fragment antigen-binding formulations tested, in terms of protein degradation and aerosol performance, we were able to achieve a better product quality using this drying technology compared to the spray drying technique. We also highlight areas for improvement in future prototypes and prospective commercial versions of the system. Overall, the offered dehydration system holds potential for improving the quality and diversity of biopharmaceutical products and may pave the way for more efficient and effective production methods in the biopharma industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Poozesh
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA.
| | - Maksim Mezhericher
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Zehao Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Uzair Chaudhary
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA
| | - Prakash Manikwar
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Puccetti M, Pariano M, Schoubben A, Giovagnoli S, Ricci M. Biologics, theranostics, and personalized medicine in drug delivery systems. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107086. [PMID: 38295917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The progress in human disease treatment can be greatly advanced through the implementation of nanomedicine. This approach involves targeted and cell-specific therapy, controlled drug release, personalized dosage forms, wearable drug delivery, and companion diagnostics. By integrating cutting-edge technologies with drug delivery systems, greater precision can be achieved at the tissue and cellular levels through the use of stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, and the development of electrochemical sensor systems. This precision targeting - by virtue of nanotechnology - allows for therapy to be directed specifically to affected tissues while greatly reducing side effects on healthy tissues. As such, nanomedicine has the potential to transform the treatment of conditions such as cancer, genetic diseases, and chronic illnesses by facilitating precise and cell-specific drug delivery. Additionally, personalized dosage forms and wearable devices offer the ability to tailor treatment to the unique needs of each patient, thereby increasing therapeutic effectiveness and compliance. Companion diagnostics further enable efficient monitoring of treatment response, enabling customized adjustments to the treatment plan. The question of whether all the potential therapeutic approaches outlined here are viable alternatives to current treatments is also discussed. In general, the application of nanotechnology in the field of biomedicine may provide a strong alternative to existing treatments for several reasons. In this review, we aim to present evidence that, although in early stages, fully merging advanced technology with innovative drug delivery shows promise for successful implementation across various disease areas, including cancer and genetic or chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Puccetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy,.
| | | | | | | | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy,.
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6
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Al Khatib AO, El-Tanani M, Al-Obaidi H. Inhaled Medicines for Targeting Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2777. [PMID: 38140117 PMCID: PMC10748026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the years, considerable progress has been made in methods for delivering drugs directly to the lungs, which offers enhanced precision in targeting specific lung regions. Currently, for treatment of lung cancer, the prevalent routes for drug administration are oral and parenteral. These methods, while effective, often come with side effects including hair loss, nausea, vomiting, susceptibility to infections, and bleeding. Direct drug delivery to the lungs presents a range of advantages. Notably, it can significantly reduce or even eliminate these side effects and provide more accurate targeting of malignancies. This approach is especially beneficial for treating conditions like lung cancer and various respiratory diseases. However, the journey towards perfecting inhaled drug delivery systems has not been without its challenges, primarily due to the complex structure and functions of the respiratory tract. This comprehensive review will investigate delivery strategies that target lung cancer, specifically focusing on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-a predominant variant of lung cancer. Within the scope of this review, active and passive targeting techniques are covered which highlight the roles of advanced tools like nanoparticles and lipid carriers. Furthermore, this review will shed light on the potential synergies of combining inhalation therapy with other treatment approaches, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The goal is to determine how these combinations might amplify therapeutic results, optimizing patient outcomes and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Omar Al Khatib
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates
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7
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Pan HW, Guo J, Zhu L, Leung SWS, Zhang C, Lam JKW. Enhanced powder dispersion of dual-excipient spray-dried powder formulations of a monoclonal antibody and its fragment for local treatment of severe asthma. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123272. [PMID: 37499774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The advent of biologics has brought renewed hope for patients with severe asthma, a condition notorious for being hampered by poor response to conventional therapies and adverse drug reactions owing to corticosteroid dependence. However, biologics are administered as injections, thereby precluding the benefits inhalation therapy could offer such as increased bioavailability at the site of action, minimal systemic side effects, non-invasiveness, and self-administration. Here, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and ʟ-leucine were co-spray-dried, as protein stabiliser and dispersion enhancer, respectively, at various weight ratios to produce a series of formulation platforms. Powder aerosolisation characteristics and particle morphology were assessed for suitability for pulmonary delivery. The selected platform with the best aerosol performance, a 1:1 ratio of the excipients, was then incorporated with a monoclonal antibody directed against IL-4 receptor alpha or its antigen-binding fragment. The dual-excipient antibody formulations exhibited emitted fraction of at least 80% and fine particle fraction exceeding 60% in cascade impactor study, while the residual moisture content was within a desirable range between 1% and 3%. The in vitro antigen-binding ability and inhibitory potency of the spray-dried antibody were satisfactorily preserved. The results from this study corroborate the viability of inhaled solid-state biomacromolecules as a promising treatment approach for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lingqiao Zhu
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Susan W S Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chenghai Zhang
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
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8
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Bana AA, Sajeev N, Halder S, Abbas Masi H, Patel S, Mehta P. Comparative stability study and aggregate analysis of Bevacizumab marketed formulations using advanced analytical techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19478. [PMID: 37810070 PMCID: PMC10558615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab (Bvz) is the most preferred recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody in biosimilar development due to its prominence as a standard treatment in the oncology space. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are typically more complex and unlikely to produce a replica. As a result, regulatory agencies allow approval of biosimilars that differ structurally and functionally from their reference product, but these differences should not have any clinical significance. To identify these significant discrepancies, it is essential to perform a thorough characterization of critical product attributes both in real-time and after storage until the product's expiration. In the present study, two Bvz biosimilar brands (Bio-1 and Bio-2) marketed in India were evaluated and compared with the reference product Avastin® to assess their degree of similarity. A comprehensive physicochemical characterization of biosimilars and reference product was performed using orthogonal techniques including LC-ESI-QTOF, MALDI-TOF, FTIR-ATR, iCIEF, rCE, nrCE, UV280, and RP-HPLC. Furthermore, Bvz formulations under study were subjected to various stress conditions of thermal (elevated temperature 50 ± 2 °C), chemical (acidic pH 3.0 ± 0.2, neutral pH 7.0 ± 0.2, and basic pH 10.0 ± 0.2), and mechanical (agitation 200 rpm) for comparative stability evaluation. Any alteration in the secondary structure of the native protein was detected and quantified using far-UV circular dichroism (CD), indicating an average of 15% and 11% loss in native antiparallel β-sheet conformation respectively in Bio-1 and Bio-2 upon exposure to elevated temperature and high pH. Additionally, covalent or non-covalent aggregates formed as a function of elevated temperature and agitation were quantified using SEC-MALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Arunkumar Bana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Nithin Sajeev
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Platform (C-CAMP), Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Sabyasachi Halder
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Platform (C-CAMP), Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Haidar Abbas Masi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Gandhinagar, 382011, Gujarat, India
| | - Shikha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Priti Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
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Sécher T, Heuzé-Vourc'h N. Barriers for orally inhaled therapeutic antibodies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1071-1084. [PMID: 37609943 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2249821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Respiratory diseases represent a worldwide health issue. The recent Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, the burden of lung cancer, and inflammatory respiratory diseases urged the development of innovative therapeutic solutions. In this context, therapeutic antibodies (Abs) offer a tremendous opportunity to benefit patients with respiratory diseases. Delivering Ab through the airways has been demonstrated to be relevant to improve their therapeutic index. However, few inhaled Abs are on the market. AREAS COVERED This review describes the different barriers that may alter the fate of inhaled therapeutic Abs in the lungs at steady state. It addresses both physical and biological barriers and discusses the importance of taking into consideration the pathological changes occurring during respiratory disease, which may reinforce these barriers. EXPERT OPINION The pulmonary route remains rare for delivering therapeutic Abs, with few approved inhaled molecules, despite promising evidence. Efforts must focus on the intertwined barriers associated with lung diseases to develop appropriate Ab-formulation-device combo, ensuring optimal Ab deposition in the respiratory tract. Finally, randomized controlled clinical trials should be carried out to establish inhaled Ab therapy as prominent against respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sécher
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc'h
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
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Chauhan G, Wang X, Yousry C, Gupta V. Scalable Production and In Vitro Efficacy of Inhaled Erlotinib Nanoemulsion for Enhanced Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030996. [PMID: 36986858 PMCID: PMC10054254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a global concern as one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. The treatment options for NSCLC are limited to systemic chemotherapy, administered either orally or intravenously, with no local chemotherapies to target NSCLC. In this study, we have prepared nanoemulsions of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), erlotinib, using the single step, continuous manufacturing, and easily scalable hot melt extrusion (HME) technique without additional size reduction step. The formulated nanoemulsions were optimized and evaluated for their physiochemical properties, in vitro aerosol deposition behavior, and therapeutic activity against NSCLC cell lines both in vitro and ex vivo. The optimized nanoemulsion showed suitable aerosolization characteristics for deep lung deposition. The in vitro anti-cancer activity was tested against the NSCLC A549 cell line which exhibited 2.8-fold lower IC50 for erlotinib-loaded nanoemulsion, as compared to erlotinib-free solution. Furthermore, ex vivo studies using a 3D spheroid model also revealed higher efficacy of erlotinib-loaded nanoemulsion against NSCLC. Hence, inhalable nanoemulsion can be considered as a potential therapeutic approach for the local lung delivery of erlotinib to NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Xuechun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Carol Yousry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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11
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Patil SM, Barji DS, Aziz S, McChesney DA, Bagde S, Muttil P, Kunda NK. Pulmonary delivery of spray-dried Nisin ZP antimicrobial peptide for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122641. [PMID: 36709012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nisin ZP is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) produced by the bacterium Lactococcus lactis, and we have previously demonstrated anticancer activity in NSCLC (A549) cells. In this study, we formulated a nisin ZP dry powder (NZSD) using a spray dryer to facilitate inhaled delivery for the treatment of NSCLC. Nisin ZP was spray-dried with mannitol, l-leucine, and trehalose in a ratio of 75:15:10 using Büchi mini spray-dryer B-290 in different drug loadings (10, 20, and 30% w/w). NZSD powder revealed a good powder yield of >55% w/w with ≤3 % w/w moisture content and high nisin ZP drug loading for all the peptide ratios. The NZSD powder particles were irregularly shaped with corrugated morphology. The presence of an endothermic peak in DSC thermograms and attenuated crystalline peaks in PXRD diffractograms confirmed the semi-crystalline powder nature of NZSD. The anticancer activity of nisin ZP was maintained after fabricating it into NZSD powder and showed a similar inhibitory concentration to free nisin ZP. Stability studies indicated that NZSD powders were stable for three months at 4 and 25 ℃ with more than 90% drug content and semi-crystalline nature, as confirmed by DSC and PXRD. Aerosolization studies performed using NGI indicated an aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) within the desired range (1-5 µm) and a high fine particle fraction (FPF > 75%) for all peptide ratios, suggesting powder deposition in the lung's respiratory airways. In conclusion, a dry powder of nisin ZP was formulated using a spray dryer with enhanced storage stability and suitable for inhaled delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash M Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - Druva Sarika Barji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - Sophia Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - David A McChesney
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Shapali Bagde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - Pavan Muttil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Nitesh K Kunda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA.
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12
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Chow MYT, Pan HW, Seow HC, Lam JKW. Inhalable neutralizing antibodies - promising approach to combating respiratory viral infections. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:85-97. [PMID: 36566131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies represent an exciting class of therapeutics against respiratory viral infections. Notwithstanding their specificity and affinity, the conventional parenteral administration is suboptimal in delivering antibodies for neutralizing activity in the airways due to the poor distribution of macromolecules to the respiratory tract. Inhaled therapy is a promising approach to overcome this hurdle in a noninvasive manner, while advances in antibody engineering have led to the development of unique antibody formats which exhibit properties desirable for inhalation. In this Opinion, we examine the major challenges surrounding the development of inhaled antibodies, identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed and provide strategies from a drug delivery perspective to enhance the efficacy and safety of neutralizing antibodies against respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y T Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Harry W Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Han Cong Seow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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13
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Ordoubadi M, Shepard KB, Wang H, Wang Z, Pluntze AM, Churchman JP, Vehring R. On the Physical Stability of Leucine-Containing Spray-Dried Powders for Respiratory Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020435. [PMID: 36839756 PMCID: PMC9967520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrier-free spray-dried dispersions for pulmonary delivery, for which the demand is growing, frequently require the incorporation of dispersibility-enhancing excipients into the formulations to improve the efficacy of the dosage form. One of the most promising of such excipients, L-leucine, is expected to be approved for inhalation soon and has been studied exhaustively. However, during stability, small fibers protruding from the particles of leucine-containing powders have occasionally been observed. To clarify the origin of these fibers and assess their potential influence on the performance of the powders, three different classes of spray-dried leucine-containing formulation systems were studied over an 8-month accelerated stability program. These systems consisted of a large molecule biologic (bevacizumab) in conjunction with a glass former (trehalose), an amorphous small-molecular mass active (moxidectin), and a crystallizing active (mannitol). It was determined that the appearance of the fibers was due to the presence of small quantities of leucine in higher energy states, either because these were amorphous or present as a less stable crystalline polymorph. It was further shown that the growth of these leucine fibers caused no significant physicochemical instability in the powders. Nor, more importantly, did it decrease their aerosol performance in a dry powder inhaler or reduce the concentration of their active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | | | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Inhalable Formulations to Treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Recent Therapies and Developments. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010139. [PMID: 36678768 PMCID: PMC9861595 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been the leading cause of mortalities, with lung cancer contributing 18% to overall deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. The primary form of therapy used to treat lung cancer still includes oral and systemic administration of drugs, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. Some patients have to go through a regime of combination therapy. Despite being the only available form of therapy, their use is limited due to the adverse effects, toxicity, and development of resistance over prolonged use. This led to a shift and progressive evolution into using pulmonary drug delivery systems. Being a non-invasive method of drug-administration and allowing localized delivery of drugs to cancer cells, inhalable drug delivery systems can lead to lower dosing and fewer systemic toxicities over other conventional routes. In this way, we can increase the actual local concentration of the drug in lungs, which will ultimately lead to better antitumor therapy. Nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment, including imaging, screening, and tracking. Regardless of the advantages, pulmonary delivery is still in the early stages of development and various factors such as pharmacology, immunology, and toxicology should be taken into consideration for the development of suitable inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic drugs. They face numerous physiological barriers such as lung retention and efficacy, and could also lead to toxicity due to prolonged exposure. Nano-carriers with a sustained drug release mechanism could help in overcoming these challenges. This review article will focus on the various inhalable formulations for targeted drug delivery, including nano-based delivery systems such as lipids, liposome, polymeric and inorganic nanocarriers, micelles, microparticles and nanoaggregates for lung cancer treatment. Various devices used in pulmonary drug delivery loaded on various nano-carriers are also discussed in detail.
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Spray-Dried and Spray-Freeze-Dried Powder Formulations of an Anti-Interleukin-4Rα Antibody for Pulmonary Delivery. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2291-2304. [PMID: 35879500 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03331-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The therapeutic options for severe asthma are limited, and the biological therapies are all parenterally administered. The purpose of this study was to formulate a monoclonal antibody that targets the receptor for IL-4, an interleukin implicated in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, into a dry powder intended for delivery via inhalation. METHODS Dehydration was achieved using either spray drying or spray freeze drying, which exposes the thermolabile biomacromolecules to stresses such as shear and adverse temperatures. 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was incorporated into the formulation as protein stabiliser and aerosol performance enhancer. The powder formulations were characterised in terms of physical and aerodynamic properties, while the antibody was assessed with regard to its structural stability, antigen-binding ability, and in vitro biological activity after drying. RESULTS The spray-freeze-dried formulations exhibited satisfactory aerosol performance, with emitted fraction exceeding 80% and fine particle fraction of around 50%. The aerosolisation of the spray-dried powders was hindered possibly by high residual moisture. Nevertheless, the antigen-binding ability and inhibitory potency were unaffected for the antibody in the selected spray-dried and spray-freeze-dried formulations, and the antibody was physically stable even after one-year storage at ambient conditions. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study establish the feasibility of developing an inhaled dry powder formulation of an anti-IL-4R antibody using spray drying and spray freeze drying techniques with potential for the treatment of severe asthma.
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Shepard KB, Pluntze AM, Vodak DT. Simultaneous Spray Drying for Combination Dry Powder Inhaler Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061130. [PMID: 35745703 PMCID: PMC9227944 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spray drying is a particle engineering technique used to manufacture respirable pharmaceutical powders that are suitable for delivery to the deep lung. It is amenable to processing both small molecules and biologic actives, including proteins. In this work, a simultaneous spray-drying process, termed simul-spray, is described; the process involves two different active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) solutions that are simultaneously atomized through separate nozzles into a single-spray dryer. Collected by a single cyclone, simul-spray produces a uniform mixture of two different active particles in a single-unit operation. While combination therapies for dry powder inhalers containing milled small molecule API are commercially approved, limited options exist for preparing combination treatments that contain both small molecule APIs and biotherapeutic molecules. Simul-spray drying is also ideal for actives which cannot withstand a milling-based particle engineering process, or which require a high dose that is incompatible with a carrier-based formulation. Three combination case studies are demonstrated here, in which bevacizumab is paired with erlotinib, cisplatin, or paclitaxel in a dry powder inhaler formulation. These model systems were chosen for their potential relevance to the local treatment of lung cancer. The resulting formulations preserved the biologic activity of the antibody, achieved target drug concentration, and had aerosol properties suitable for pulmonary delivery.
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