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Moura E Silva VEL, Panissa VLG, Cholewa JM, Vieira MM, Antunes BM, Moura RC, Rossi PAQ, Santos MAP, Lira FS, Rossi FE. Ten weeks of Capsicum annuum L. extract supplementation did not change adipose tissue-derived hormones, appetite, body composition, and muscle strength when combined with resistance training in healthy untrained men: A clinical trial study. Nutr Res 2024; 122:33-43. [PMID: 38141553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Capsiate (CAP) is a nonpungent capsaicin analog (Capsicum annuum L. extract) that has been studied as a potential antiobesity agent. However, the interaction between chronic CAP supplementation and resistance training is not clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in adipose tissue-derived hormones, body composition, appetite, and muscle strength after 10 weeks of resistance training, combined with chronic CAP supplementation in healthy untrained men. We hypothesized that CAP could induce higher benefits when combined with resistance training after 10 weeks of intervention compared to resistance training alone. Twenty-four young men (age, 22.0 ± 2.9) were randomized to either capsiate supplementation (CAP = 12 mg/day) or placebo (PL), and both groups were assigned to resistance training. Body composition, leptin and adiponectin concentrations, subjective ratings of appetite, energy intake, and exercise performance were assessed at before and after 10 weeks of progressive resistance training. There was a significant increase in body mass (P < .001), fat-free mass (CAP: 58.0 ± 7.1 vs. post, 59.7 ± 7.1 kg; PL: pre, 58.4 ± 7.3 vs. post, 59.8 ± 7.1 kg; P < .001), resting metabolic rate (CAP: pre, 1782.9 ± 160.6 vs. post, 1796.3 ± 162.0 kcal; PL: pre, 1733.0 ± 148.9 vs. post, 1750.5 ± 149.8 kcal; P < .001), maximal strength at 45 leg press (P < .001) and bench press (P < .001) in both groups, but no significant (P > .05) supplementation by training period interaction nor fat mass was observed. For subjective ratings of appetite, energy intake, leptin, and adiponectin, no significant effect of supplementation by training period interaction was observed (P > .05). In conclusion, 10 weeks of resistance training increased total body weight, muscle mass, and maximum strength in healthy untrained men; however, CAP supplementation (12 mg, 7 days per week) failed to change adipose tissue-derived hormones, appetite, body composition and muscle strength in this population. Registered under Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8cz9kfq).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilton E L Moura E Silva
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Valéria L G Panissa
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Jason M Cholewa
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | - Matheus Mesquita Vieira
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program in Movement Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Antunes
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, México
| | - Rayane C Moura
- Graduate Program in Science and Health, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Priscila A Q Rossi
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos A P Santos
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Fabio S Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrício E Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, VA, USA; Graduate Program in Movement Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program in Science and Health, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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Noone J, Damiot A, Kenny H, Chery I, Zahariev A, Normand S, Crampes F, de Glisezinski I, Rochfort KD, Laurens C, Bareille MP, Simon C, Bergouignan A, Blanc S, O'Gorman DJ. The impact of 60 days of -6° head down tilt bed rest on mitochondrial content, respiration and regulators of mitochondrial dynamics. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 38050414 DOI: 10.1113/jp284734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unclear how skeletal muscle metabolism and mitochondrial function adapt to long duration bed rest and whether changes can be prevented by nutritional intervention. The present study aimed (1) to assess the effect of prolonged bed rest on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and dynamics and (2) to determine whether micronutrient supplementation would mitigate the adverse metabolic effect of bed rest. Participants were maintained in energy balance throughout 60 days of bed rest with micronutrient supplementation (INT) (body mass index: 23.747 ± 1.877 kg m-2 ; 34.80 ± 7.451 years; n = 10) or without (control) (body mass index: 24.087 ± 2.088 kg m-2 ; 33.50 ± 8.541 years; n = 10). Indirect calorimetry and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were used for measures of energy expenditure, exercise capacity and body composition. Mitochondrial respiration was determined by high-resolution respirometry in permeabilized muscle fibre bundles from vastus lateralis biopsies. Protein and mRNA analysis further examined the metabolic changes relating to regulators of mitochondrial dynamics induced by bed rest. INT was not sufficient in preserving whole body metabolic changes conducive of a decrease in body mass, fat-free mass and exercise capacity within both groups. Mitochondrial respiration, OPA1 and Drp1 protein expression decreased with bed rest, with an increase pDrp1s616 . This reduction in mitochondrial respiration was explained through an observed decrease in mitochondrial content (mtDNA:nDNA). Changes in regulators of mitochondrial dynamics indicate an increase in mitochondrial fission driven by a decrease in inner mitochondrial membrane fusion (OPA1) and increased pDrp1s616 . KEY POINTS: Sixty days of -6° head down tilt bed rest leads to significant changes in body composition, exercise capacity and whole-body substrate metabolism. Micronutrient supplementation throughout bed rest did not preserve whole body metabolic changes. Bed rest results in a decrease in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity, mainly as a result of an observed decrease in mitochondrial content. Prolonged bed rest ensues changes in key regulators of mitochondrial dynamics. OPA1 and Drp1 are significantly reduced, with an increase in pDrp1s616 following bed rest indicative of an increase in mitochondrial fission. Given the reduction in mitochondrial content following 60 days of bed rest, the maintenance of regulators of mitophagy in line with the increase in regulators of mitochondrial fission may act to maintain mitochondrial respiration to meet energy demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Noone
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular and Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Anthony Damiot
- CNRS UMR7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Helena Kenny
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular and Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Isabelle Chery
- CNRS UMR7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Zahariev
- CNRS UMR7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Normand
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon1, Human Nutrition Research Center Rhône-Alpes, Oullins, France
| | - François Crampes
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Sports Medicine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University and Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle de Glisezinski
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Sports Medicine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University and Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
| | - Keith D Rochfort
- National Institute for Cellular and Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire Laurens
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Sports Medicine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University and Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon1, Human Nutrition Research Center Rhône-Alpes, Oullins, France
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- CNRS UMR7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- CNRS UMR7178, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Donal J O'Gorman
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular and Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Trim WV, Walhin JP, Koumanov F, Turner JE, Shur NF, Simpson EJ, Macdonald IA, Greenhaff PL, Thompson D. The impact of physical inactivity on glucose homeostasis when diet is adjusted to maintain energy balance in healthy, young males. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:532-540. [PMID: 36857962 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is unclear if dietary adjustments to maintain energy balance during reduced physical activity can offset inactivity-induced reductions in insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal to produce normal daily glucose concentrations and meal responses. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the impact of long-term physical inactivity (60 days of bed rest) on daily glycemia when in energy balance. METHODS Interstitial glucose concentrations were measured using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (CGMS) for 5 days before and towards the end of bed rest in 20 healthy, young males (Age: 34 ± 8 years; BMI: 23.5 ± 1.8 kg/m2). Energy intake was reduced during bed rest to match energy expenditure, but the types of foods and timing of meals was maintained. Fasting venous glucose and insulin concentrations were determined, as well as the change in whole-body glucose disposal using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HIEC). RESULTS Following long-term bed rest, fasting plasma insulin concentration increased 40% (p = 0.004) and glucose disposal during the HIEC decreased 24% (p < 0.001). Interstitial daily glucose total area under the curve (tAUC) from pre-to post-bed rest increased on average by 6% (p = 0.041), despite a 20 and 25% reduction in total caloric and carbohydrate intake, respectively. The nocturnal period (00:00-06:00) showed the greatest change to glycemia with glucose tAUC for this period increasing by 9% (p = 0.005). CGMS measures of daily glycemic variability (SD, J-Index, M-value and MAG) were not changed during bed rest. CONCLUSIONS Reduced physical activity (bed rest) increases glycemia even when daily energy intake is reduced to maintain energy balance. However, the disturbance to daily glucose homeostasis was much more modest than the reduced capacity to dispose of glucose, and glycemic variability was not negatively affected by bed rest, likely due to positive mitigating effects from the contemporaneous reduction in dietary energy and carbohydrate intake. CLINICAL TRIALS RECORD NCT03594799 (registered July 20, 2018) (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03594799).
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Affiliation(s)
- William V Trim
- University of Bath, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Philippe Walhin
- University of Bath, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, United Kingdom
| | - Francoise Koumanov
- University of Bath, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, United Kingdom
| | - James E Turner
- University of Bath, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie F Shur
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul L Greenhaff
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan Thompson
- University of Bath, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, United Kingdom.
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Jacob P, Bonnefoy J, Ghislin S, Frippiat JP. Long-duration head-down tilt bed rest confirms the relevance of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and suggests coupling it with the platelet to lymphocyte ratio to monitor the immune health of astronauts. Front Immunol 2022; 13:952928. [PMID: 36311805 PMCID: PMC9606754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.952928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of safe and easily-determined-inflight biomarkers to monitor the immune system of astronauts is mandatory to ensure their well-being and the success of the missions. In this report, we evaluated the relevance of two biomarkers whose determination could be easily implemented in a spacecraft in the near future by using bedridden volunteers as a ground-based model of the microgravity of spaceflight. Our data confirm the relevance of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and suggest platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) monitoring to assess long-lasting immune diseases. We recommend coupling these ratios to other biomarkers, such as the quantification of cytokines and viral load measurements, to efficiently detect immune dysfunction, determine when countermeasures should be applied to promote immune recovery, prevent the development of disease, and track responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jacob
- Stress Immunity Pathogens Laboratory, UR 7300 SIMPA, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julie Bonnefoy
- Stress Immunity Pathogens Laboratory, UR 7300 SIMPA, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Ghislin
- Stress Immunity Pathogens Laboratory, UR 7300 SIMPA, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Pol Frippiat
- Stress Immunity Pathogens Laboratory, UR 7300 SIMPA, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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