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Werry N, Russell SJ, Gillis DJ, Miller S, Hickey K, Larmer S, Lohuis M, Librach C, LaMarre J. Characteristics of miRNAs Present in Bovine Sperm and Associations With Differences in Fertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:874371. [PMID: 35663333 PMCID: PMC9160602 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.874371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs have been linked to different phenotypes in bovine sperm, however attempts to identify sperm-borne molecular biomarkers of male fertility have thus far failed to identify a robust profile of expressed miRNAs related to fertility. We hypothesized that some differences in bull fertility may be reflected in the levels of different miRNAs in sperm. To explore such differences in fertility that are not due to differences in visible metrics of sperm quality, we employed Next Generation Sequencing to compare the miRNA populations in Bos taurus sperm from bulls with comparable motility and morphology but varying Sire Conception Rates. We identified the most abundant miRNAs in both populations (miRs -34b-3p; -100-5p; -191-5p; -30d-4p; -21-5p) and evaluated differences in the overall levels and specific patterns of isomiR expression. We also explored correlations between specific pairs of miRNAs in each population and identified 10 distinct pairs of miRNAs that were positively correlated in bulls with higher fertility and negatively correlated in comparatively less fertile individuals. Furthermore, 8 additional miRNA pairs demonstrated the opposite trend; negatively correlated in high fertility animals and positively correlated in less fertile bulls. Finally, we performed pathway analysis to identify potential roles of miRNAs present in bull sperm in the regulation of specific genes that impact spermatogenesis and embryo development. Together, these results present a comprehensive picture of the bovine sperm miRNAome that suggests multiple potential roles in fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Werry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Daniel J. Gillis
- School of Computer Science, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Clifford Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan LaMarre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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2
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Zhang Y, Zeng F, Han X, Weng J, Gao Y. Lineage tracing: technology tool for exploring the development, regeneration, and disease of the digestive system. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:438. [PMID: 33059752 PMCID: PMC7559019 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage tracing is the most widely used technique to track the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of specific cells in vivo. The currently available gene-targeting technologies have been developing for decades to study organogenesis, tissue injury repairing, and tumor progression by tracing the fates of individual cells. Recently, lineage tracing has expanded the platforms available for disease model establishment, drug screening, cell plasticity research, and personalized medicine development in a molecular and cellular biology perspective. Lineage tracing provides new views for exploring digestive organ development and regeneration and techniques for digestive disease causes and progression. This review focuses on the lineage tracing technology and its application in digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanhong Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Weng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Lessey BA, Young SL. What exactly is endometrial receptivity? Fertil Steril 2019; 111:611-617. [PMID: 30929718 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial receptivity is a complex process that provides the embryo with the opportunity to attach, invade, and develop, culminating in a new individual and continuation of the species. The window of implantation extends 3-6 days within the secretory phase in most normal women. In certain inflammatory or anatomic conditions, this window is narrowed or shifted to preclude normal implantation, leading to infertility or pregnancy loss. Of the factors that prevent normal implantation and pregnancy, embryo and endometrial quality share responsibility. In this review, we highlight the advances in the study of implantation from the perspective of the endometrium, normally a barrier to implantation. New advances will allow the early identification of defects in endometrial receptivity and provide new avenues for treatment that promote successful establishment of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Lessey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
| | - Steven L Young
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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4
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Namiki T, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N. Molecular mechanisms of embryonic implantation in mammals: Lessons from the gene manipulation of mice. Reprod Med Biol 2018; 17:331-342. [PMID: 30377389 PMCID: PMC6194304 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human infertility has become a serious and social issue all over the world, especially in developed countries. Numerous types of assisted reproductive technology have been developed and are widely used to treat infertility. However, pregnancy outcomes require further improvement. It is essential to understand the cross-talk between the uterus (mother) and the embryo (fetus) in pregnancy, which is a very complicated event. METHODS The mammalian uterus requires many physiological and morphological changes for pregnancy-associated events, including implantation, decidualization, placentation, and parturition, to occur. Here is discussed recent advances in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these reproductive events - in particular, embryonic implantation and decidualization - based on original and review articles. MAIN FINDINGS RESULTS In mice, embryonic implantation and decidualization are regulated by two steroid hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Along with these hormones, cytokines, cell-cycle regulators, growth factors, and transcription factors have essential roles in implantation and decidualization in mice. CONCLUSION Recent studies using the gene manipulation of mice have given considerable insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying embryonic implantation and decidualization. However, as most of the findings are based on mice, comparative research using different mammalian species will be useful for a better understanding of the species-dependent differences that are associated with reproductive events, including embryonic implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Namiki
- Laboratory of Animal ReproductionGraduate School of Veterinary ScienceAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
| | - Junya Ito
- Laboratory of Animal ReproductionGraduate School of Veterinary ScienceAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
- School of Veterinary MedicineAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
| | - Naomi Kashiwazaki
- Laboratory of Animal ReproductionGraduate School of Veterinary ScienceAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
- School of Veterinary MedicineAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
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5
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Cai X, Yu W, Yu W, Zhang Q, Feng W, Liu M, Sun M, Xiang J, Zhang Y, Fu X. Tissue-based quantitative proteomics to screen and identify the potential biomarkers for early recurrence/metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2504-2517. [PMID: 29683265 PMCID: PMC6010861 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the eighth cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. To screen potential biomarkers associated with early recurrence/metastasis (R/M) of ESCC patients after radical resection, ESCC patients were analyzed by a comparative proteomics analysis using iTRAQ with RPLC-MS to screen differential proteins among R/M groups and adjacent normal tissues. The proteins were identified by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and tissue microarray. The protein and mRNA expression difference of PHB2 between tumor tissues of ESCC patients and adjacent normal tissues, ESCC patients with and without metastasis, four ESCC cell lines and normal esophageal epithelial cells were inspected using immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. The EC109 and TE1 cells were used to establish PHB2 knockdown cell models, and their cell proliferation and invasion ability were determined by cell counting method, Transwell® assay. Thirteen proteins were selected by cutoff value of 0.67 fold for underexpression and 1.5-fold for overexpression. Seven proteins were confirmed to be associated with R/M among the 13 proteins. The potential biomarker PHB2 for early recurrence/metastasis of ESCC was identified. PHB2 expression was related to the OS of ESCC patients (P = 0.032) and had high levels in the tumor tissues and human cell lines of ESCC (P = 0.0002). Also, the high PHB2 expression promoted the metastasis of ESCC (P = 0.0075), suggesting high PHB2 expression was a potential prognostic biomarker. Experiments showed that PHB2 could significantly promote the proliferation and cell invasion ability of human ESCC cell lines and the knockdown of PHB2 suppressed the phosphorylation level of AKT, as well as the expression of MMP9 and RAC1. PHB2 could predict the early metastasis of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu‐Wei Cai
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Wei‐Wei Yu
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Wen Feng
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Mi‐Na Liu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Meng‐Hong Sun
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Jia‐Qing Xiang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Ya‐Wei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Long Fu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
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6
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Zhao Y, Chen Y, Kuang Y, Bagchi MK, Taylor RN, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS. Multiple Beneficial Roles of Repressor of Estrogen Receptor Activity (REA) in Suppressing the Progression of Endometriosis. Endocrinology 2016; 157:900-12. [PMID: 26653759 PMCID: PMC4733120 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, inflammation-driven gynecologic disorder in which endometrial tissue creates inflammatory lesions at extrauterine sites, leading to pelvic pain and impaired fertility. Although dysregulated estrogen receptor (ER) signaling has been implicated, understanding of this disease is incomplete and current therapies are of limited benefit. Using an immunocompetent syngeneic murine model, we used combinations of donor uterine tissue and/or recipient host mice with partial genetic deletion of the ER coregulator, repressor of ER activity (REA) (also known as prohibitin 2), to investigate roles of REA in the contributions of donor uterine tissue and host cell influences on endometriosis establishment and progression. Ectopic lesions derived from donor tissue with half the wild-type gene dosage of REA (REA(+/-)) grown in REA(+/-) hosts displayed enhanced proliferation, vascularization, and markedly increased neuron innervation and inflammatory responses, including elevated cytokine production, nuclear factor kappa B activation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and immune cell infiltration. Although lesion progression was greatest when REA was reduced in both donor tissue and host animals, other donor/host combinations indicated that distinct stimulatory inputs were derived from ectopic tissue (proliferative signals) and host cells (inflammatory signals). Importantly, depletion of REA in primary human endometriotic stromal cells led to elevated proliferation and expression of cell cycle regulators. Notably, REA was significantly lower in human endometriotic tissue versus normal human endometrium. Thus, REA modulates cross talk among multiple cell types in the uterine tissue and host background, serving as a brake on the estradiol-ER axis and restraining multiple aspects that contribute to the pathologic progression of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Zhao
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Yiru Chen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Ye Kuang
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Milan K Bagchi
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - John A Katzenellenbogen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Y.Z., Y.C., M.K.B., B.S.K.) and Chemistry (J.A.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Y.K.), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.N.T.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
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7
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Diao H, Li R, El Zowalaty AE, Xiao S, Zhao F, Dudley EA, Ye X. Deletion of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 (Lpar3) Disrupts Fine Local Balance of Progesterone and Estrogen Signaling in Mouse Uterus During Implantation. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:123. [PMID: 26447143 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lpar3 encodes LPA3, the third G protein-coupled receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Lpar3(-/-) female mice had delayed embryo implantation. Their serum progesterone and estrogen levels were comparable with control on Gestation Day 3.5 (D3.5) at 1100 h. There was reduced cell proliferation in D3.5 and D4.5 Lpar3(-/-) stroma. Progesterone receptor (PGR) disappeared from D4.5 Lpar3(+/+) uterine luminal epithelium (LE) but remained highly expressed in D4.5 Lpar3(-/-) LE. Pgr and PGR- target genes but not estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha [Esr1]) or ESR target genes, were upregulated in D4.5 Lpar3(-/-) LE. It was hypothesized that suppression of PGR activity in LE could restore on-time uterine receptivity in Lpar3(-/-) mice. A low dose of RU486 (5 μg/mouse) given on D3.5 at 900 h rescued delayed implantation in all pregnant Lpar3(-/-) females and significantly increased number of implantation sites compared to vehicle-treated pregnant Lpar3(-/-) females detected on D4.5. E2 (25 ng/mouse) had a similar effect as 5 μg RU486 on embryo implantation in Lpar3(-/-) females. However, when the ovaries were removed on late D2.5 to create an experimentally induced delayed implantation model, 25 ng E2 activated implantation in Lpar3(+/+) but not Lpar3(-/-) females detected on D4.5. These results demonstrate that deletion of Lpar3 leads to an increased ratio of progesterone signaling/estrogen signaling that can be optimized by low doses of RU486 or E2 to restore on-time implantation in Lpar3(-/-) females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglu Diao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Ahmed E El Zowalaty
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Shuo Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth A Dudley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Xiaoqin Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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8
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Gellersen B, Brosens JJ. Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure. Endocr Rev 2014; 35:851-905. [PMID: 25141152 DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Decidualization denotes the transformation of endometrial stromal fibroblasts into specialized secretory decidual cells that provide a nutritive and immunoprivileged matrix essential for embryo implantation and placental development. In contrast to most mammals, decidualization of the human endometrium does not require embryo implantation. Instead, this process is driven by the postovulatory rise in progesterone levels and increasing local cAMP production. In response to falling progesterone levels, spontaneous decidualization causes menstrual shedding and cyclic regeneration of the endometrium. A growing body of evidence indicates that the shift from embryonic to maternal control of the decidual process represents a pivotal evolutionary adaptation to the challenge posed by invasive and chromosomally diverse human embryos. This concept is predicated on the ability of decidualizing stromal cells to respond to individual embryos in a manner that either promotes implantation and further development or facilitates early rejection. Furthermore, menstruation and cyclic regeneration involves stem cell recruitment and renders the endometrium intrinsically capable of adapting its decidual response to maximize reproductive success. Here we review the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine cues that tightly govern this differentiation process. In response to activation of various signaling pathways and genome-wide chromatin remodeling, evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factors gain access to the decidua-specific regulatory circuitry. Once initiated, the decidual process is poised to transit through distinct phenotypic phases that underpin endometrial receptivity, embryo selection, and, ultimately, resolution of pregnancy. We discuss how disorders that subvert the programming, initiation, or progression of decidualization compromise reproductive health and predispose for pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Gellersen
- Endokrinologikum Hamburg (B.G.), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; and Division of Reproductive Health (J.J.B.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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9
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Clark-Knowles KV, Dewar-Darch D, Jardine KE, McBurney MW. Modulation of tumorigenesis by dietary intervention is not mediated by SIRT1 catalytic activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112406. [PMID: 25380034 PMCID: PMC4224430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein deacetylase SIRT1 is involved in the regulation of a large number of cellular processes that are thought to be required for cancer initiation and progression. Both SIRT1 activity and tumorigenesis can be influenced by dietary fat and polyphenolics. We set out to determine whether dietary modulations of tumorigenesis are mediated by SIRT1 catalytic functions. We introduced a mammary gland tumor-inducing transgene, MMTV-PyMT, into stocks of mice bearing a H355Y point mutation in the Sirt1 gene that abolishes SIRT1 catalytic activity. Tumor latency was reduced in animals fed a high fat diet but this effect was not dependent on SIRT1 activity. Resveratrol had little effect on tumor formation except in animals heterozygous for the mutant Sirt1 gene. We conclude that the effects of these dietary interventions on tumorigenesis are not mediated by modulation of SIRT1 catalytic activity.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Biocatalysis
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Diet, High-Fat
- Heterozygote
- Male
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/diet therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/genetics
- Mice, Transgenic
- Point Mutation
- Resveratrol
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
- Stilbenes/pharmacology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Dewar-Darch
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen E. Jardine
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W. McBurney
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Szwarc MM, Kommagani R, Lessey BA, Lydon JP. The p160/steroid receptor coactivator family: potent arbiters of uterine physiology and dysfunction. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:122. [PMID: 25297546 PMCID: PMC4434928 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.125021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The p160/steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family comprises three pleiotropic coregulators (SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3; otherwise known as NCOA1, NCOA2, and NCOA3, respectively), which modulate a wide spectrum of physiological responses and clinicopathologies. Such pleiotropy is achieved through their inherent structural complexity, which allows this coregulator class to control both nuclear receptor and non-nuclear receptor signaling. As observed in other physiologic systems, members of the SRC family have recently been shown to play pivotal roles in uterine biology and pathobiology. In the murine uterus, SRC-1 is required to launch a full steroid hormone response, without which endometrial decidualization is markedly attenuated. From "dovetailing" clinical and mouse studies, an isoform of SRC-1 was recently identified which promotes endometriosis by reprogramming endometrial cells to evade apoptosis and to colonize as endometriotic lesions within the peritoneal cavity. The endometrium fails to decidualize without SRC-2, which accounts for the infertility phenotype exhibited by mice devoid of this coregulator. In related studies on human endometrial stromal cells, SRC-2 was shown to act as a molecular "pacemaker" of the glycolytic flux. This finding is significant because acceleration of the glycolytic flux provides the necessary bioenergy and biomolecules for endometrial stromal cells to switch from quiescence to a proliferative phenotype, a critical underpinning in the decidual progression program. Although studies on uterine SRC-3 function are in their early stages, clinical studies provide tantalizing support for the proposal that SRC-3 is causally linked to endometrial hyperplasia as well as with endometrial pathologies in patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome. This proposal is now driving the development and application of innovative technologies, particularly in the mouse, to further understand the functional role of this elusive uterine coregulator in normal and abnormal physiologic contexts. Because dysregulation of this coregulator triad potentially presents a triple threat for increased risk of subfecundity, infertility, or endometrial disease, a clearer understanding of the individual and combinatorial roles of these coregulators in uterine function is urgently required. This minireview summarizes our current understanding of uterine SRC function, with a particular emphasis on the next critical questions that need to be addressed to ensure significant expansion of our knowledge of this underexplored field of uterine biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bruce A Lessey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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11
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Pawar S, Hantak AM, Bagchi IC, Bagchi MK. Minireview: Steroid-regulated paracrine mechanisms controlling implantation. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1408-22. [PMID: 25051170 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantation is an essential process during establishment of pregnancy in mammals. It is initiated with the attachment of the blastocyst to a receptive uterine epithelium followed by its invasion into the stromal tissue. These events are profoundly regulated by the steroid hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone. During the past several years, mouse models harboring conditional gene knockout mutations have become powerful tools for determining the functional roles of cellular factors involved in various aspects of implantation biology. Studies using these genetic models as well as primary cultures of human endometrial cells have established that the estrogen receptor α, the progesterone receptor, and their downstream target genes critically regulate uterine growth and differentiation, which in turn control embryo-endometrial interactions during early pregnancy. These studies have uncovered a diverse array of molecular cues, which are produced under the influence of estrogen receptor α and progesterone receptor and exchanged between the epithelial and stromal compartments of the uterus during the progressive phases of implantation. These paracrine signals are critical for acquisition of uterine receptivity and functional interactions with the embryo. This review highlights recent work describing paracrine mechanisms that govern steroid-regulated uterine epithelial-stromal dialogue during implantation and their roles in fertility and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Pawar
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (S.P., A.M.H., M.K.B.) and Comparative Biosciences (I.C.B.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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12
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Szwarc MM, Kommagani R, Jeong JW, Wu SP, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O’Malley BW, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP. Perturbing the cellular levels of steroid receptor coactivator-2 impairs murine endometrial function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98664. [PMID: 24905738 PMCID: PMC4048228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As pleiotropic coregulators, members of the p160/steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family control a broad spectrum of transcriptional responses that underpin a diverse array of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Because of their potent coregulator properties, strict controls on SRC expression levels are required to maintain normal tissue functionality. Accordingly, an unwarranted increase in the cellular levels of SRC members has been causally linked to the initiation and/or progression of a number of clinical disorders. Although knockout mouse models have underscored the critical non-redundant roles for each SRC member in vivo, there are surprisingly few mouse models that have been engineered to overexpress SRCs. This deficiency is significant since SRC involvement in many of these disorders is based on unscheduled increases in the levels (rather than the absence) of SRC expression. To address this deficiency, we used recent mouse technology that allows for the targeted expression of human SRC-2 in cells which express the progesterone receptor. Through cre-loxP recombination driven by the endogenous progesterone receptor promoter, a marked elevation in expression levels of human SRC-2 was achieved in endometrial cells that are positive for the progesterone receptor. As a result of this increase in coregulator expression, female mice are severely subfertile due to a dysfunctional uterus, which exhibits a hypersensitivity to estrogen exposure. Our findings strongly support the proposal from clinical observations that increased levels of SRC-2 are causal for a number of endometrial disorders which compromise fertility. Future studies will use this mouse model to decipher the molecular mechanisms that underpin the endometrial defect. We believe such mechanistic insight may provide new molecular descriptors for diagnosis, prognosis, and/or therapy in the clinical management of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sophia Y. Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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13
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Kommagani R, Szwarc MM, Kovanci E, Creighton CJ, O'Malley BW, Demayo FJ, Lydon JP. A murine uterine transcriptome, responsive to steroid receptor coactivator-2, reveals transcription factor 23 as essential for decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:75. [PMID: 24571987 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.117531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data from human and mouse studies strongly support an indispensable role for steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2)-a member of the p160/SRC family of coregulators-in progesterone-dependent endometrial stromal cell decidualization, an essential cellular transformation process that regulates invasion of the developing embryo into the maternal compartment. To identify the key progesterone-induced transcriptional changes that are dependent on SRC-2 and required for endometrial decidualization, we performed comparative genome-wide transcriptional profiling of endometrial tissue RNA from ovariectomized SRC-2(flox/flox) (SRC-2(f/f) [control]) and PR(cre/+)/SRC-2(flox/flox) (SRC-2(d/d) [SRC-2-depleted]) mice, acutely treated with vehicle or progesterone. Although data mining revealed that only a small subset of the total progesterone-dependent transcriptional changes is dependent on SRC-2 (∼13%), key genes previously reported to mediate progesterone-driven endometrial stromal cell decidualization are present within this subset. Along with providing a more detailed molecular portrait of the decidual transcriptional program governed by SRC-2, the degree of functional diversity of these progesterone mediators underscores the pleiotropic regulatory role of SRC-2 in this tissue. To showcase the utility of this powerful informational resource to uncover novel signaling paradigms, we stratified the total SRC-2-dependent subset of progesterone-induced transcriptional changes in terms of novel gene expression and identified transcription factor 23 (Tcf23), a basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor, as a new progesterone-induced target gene that requires SRC-2 for full induction. Importantly, using primary human endometrial stromal cells in culture, we demonstrate that TCF23 function is essential for progesterone-dependent decidualization, providing crucial translational support for this transcription factor as a new decidual mediator of progesterone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Zhao Y, Park S, Bagchi MK, Taylor RN, Katzenellenbogen BS. The coregulator, repressor of estrogen receptor activity (REA), is a crucial regulator of the timing and magnitude of uterine decidualization. Endocrinology 2013; 154:1349-60. [PMID: 23392257 PMCID: PMC3578990 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-2026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy require the transformation of uterine endometrial stromal cells into distinct decidualized cells. Although estrogen and progesterone (P4) receptors are known to be essential for decidualization, the roles of steroid receptor coregulators in this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we have established a key role for the coregulator, repressor of estrogen receptor activity (REA), in the decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) in vitro and of the mouse uterus in vivo. Our studies revealed that the level of REA normally decreases to half as hESC decidualization proceeds and that uterine reduction of REA in transgenic heterozygous knockout mice or small interfering RNA knockdown of REA in hESC temporally accelerated and strongly enhanced the differentiation process, as indicated by changes in cell morphology and increased expression of biomarkers of decidualization, including P4 receptor. Findings in hESC cultured in vitro with estradiol, P4, and 8-bromo-cAMP over a 10-day period mirrored observations of enhanced decidualization response in transgenic mice with heterozygous deletion of REA. Importantly, gene expression and immunohistochemical analyses revealed changes in multiple components of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, including marked up-regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and IL-11, master regulators of decidualization, and the down-regulation of several suppressor of cytokine signaling family members, upon reduction of REA. The findings highlight that REA physiologically restrains endometrial stromal cell decidualization, controlling the timing and magnitude of decidualization to enable proper coordination of uterine differentiation with concurrent embryo development that is essential for implantation and optimal fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois and College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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15
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Miller DJ, Wiley AA, Chen JC, Bagnell CA, Bartol FF. Nursing for 48 hours from birth supports porcine uterine gland development and endometrial cell compartment-specific gene expression. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:4. [PMID: 23136302 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The first 2 wk of neonatal life constitute a critical period for estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1)-dependent uterine adenogenesis in the pig. A relaxin receptor (RXFP1)-mediated, lactocrine-driven mechanism was proposed to explain how nursing could regulate endometrial ESR1 and related gene expression events associated with adenogenesis in the porcine neonate during this period. To determine effects of nursing on endometrial morphogenesis and cell compartment-specific gene expression, gilts (n = 6-8/group) were assigned at birth to be either 1) nursed ad libitum for 48 h, 2) gavage fed milk replacer for 48 h, 3) nursed ad libitum to Postnatal Day (PND) 14, or 4) gavage fed milk replacer for 48 h followed by ad libitum nursing to PND 14. Uteri were collected on PND 2 or PND 14. Endometrial histoarchitecture and both ESR1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling indexes (LIs) were evaluated. Laser microdissection was used to capture epithelium and stroma to evaluate treatment effects on cell compartment-specific ESR1, VEGFA, and RXFP1 expression. Imposition of a lactocrine-null state by milk replacer feeding for 48 h from birth retarded endometrial development and adenogenesis. Effects of replacer feeding, evident by PND 2, were marked by PND 14 when endometrial thickness, glandularity, and gland depth were reduced. Consistently, in lactocrine-null gilts, PCNA LI was reduced in glandular epithelium (GE) and stroma on PND 14, when epithelial ESR1 expression and ESR1 LI in GE were reduced and stromal VEGFA and RXFP1 expression increased. Results establish that lactocrine signaling effects morphogenetic changes in developing uterine tissues that may determine reproductive capacity later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dori J Miller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Cellular and Molecular Biosciences Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Zhang S, Lin H, Kong S, Wang S, Wang H, Wang H, Armant DR. Physiological and molecular determinants of embryo implantation. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:939-80. [PMID: 23290997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Embryo implantation involves the intimate interaction between an implantation-competent blastocyst and a receptive uterus, which occurs in a limited time period known as the window of implantation. Emerging evidence shows that defects originating during embryo implantation induce ripple effects with adverse consequences on later gestation events, highlighting the significance of this event for pregnancy success. Although a multitude of cellular events and molecular pathways involved in embryo-uterine crosstalk during implantation have been identified through gene expression studies and genetically engineered mouse models, a comprehensive understanding of the nature of embryo implantation is still missing. This review focuses on recent progress with particular attention to physiological and molecular determinants of blastocyst activation, uterine receptivity, blastocyst attachment and uterine decidualization. A better understanding of underlying mechanisms governing embryo implantation should generate new strategies to rectify implantation failure and improve pregnancy rates in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA.
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