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Zou Z, Wu F, Chen L, Yao H, Wang Z, Chen Y, Qi M, Jiang Y, Tang L, Gan X, Kong L, Yang Z, Huang X, Shu W, Li B, Tan X, Huang L, Bai S, Wu L, Mo J, Hu H, Liu H, Zou R, Wei Y. The J bs-5YP peptide can alleviate dementia in senile mice by restoring the transcription of Slc40a1 to secrete the excessive iron from brain. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00114-0. [PMID: 38527587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With age and ATP decrease in the body, the transcription factors hypophosphorylation weakens the transcription of Slc40a1 and hinders the expression of the iron discharger ferroportin. This may lead to iron accumulation in the brain and the catalysis of free radicals that damage cerebral neurons and eventually lead to Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVES To prevent AD caused by brain iron excretion disorders and reveal the mechanism of J bs-5YP peptide restoring ferroportin. METHODS We prepared J bs-YP peptide and administered it to the senile mice with dementia. Then, the intelligence of the mice was tested using a Morris Water Maze. The ATP content in the body was detected using the ATP hydrophysis and Phosphate precipitation method. The activation of Slc40a1 transcription was assayed with ATAC seq and the ferroportin, as well as the phosphorylation levels of Ets1 in brain were detected by Western Blot. RESULTS The phosphorylation level of Ets1in brain was enhanced, and subsequently, the transcription of Slc40a1 was activated and ferroportin was increased in the brain, the levels of iron and free radicals were reduced, with the neurons protection, and the dementia was ultimately alleviated in the senile mice. CONCLUSION J bs-5YP can recover the expression of ferroportin to excrete excessive iron in the brain of senile mice with dementia by enhancing the transcription of Slc40a1 via phosphorylating Ets1, revealing the potential of J bs-5YP as a drug to alleviate senile dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyou Zou
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China; Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47006, USA.
| | - Fengyao Wu
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China; Laboratory Medicine School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Liguan Chen
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Hua Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Zengxian Wang
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yongfeng Chen
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - Longhua Tang
- Laboratory Department of Pingnan People's Hospital, Pingnan 537399, China
| | - Xinying Gan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Lingjia Kong
- Laboratory of Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou 311201, China
| | - Zhicheng Yang
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- College of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Wei Shu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Bixue Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xinyu Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Liwen Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Shi Bai
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jinping Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Huilin Hu
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - Huihua Liu
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - Ruyi Zou
- School Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China.
| | - Yuhua Wei
- Liuzhou Key Lab of Psychosis Treatment, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545005, China.
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Cao H, Xie Q, Luo P, Chen J, Xia K, Ma L, Chen D, Deng C, Wan Z. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure induces premature testicular senescence by disrupting mitochondrial respiratory chain through STAT5B-mitoSTAT3 in Leydig cell. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01119-x. [PMID: 38499958 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a prevalent plasticizer, is known to have endocrine-disrupting effects on males and cause reproductive toxicity. There were causal effects of DEHP on testosterone levels in the real world by Mendelian randomization analysis. Exposure to DEHP during the preadult stage might lead to premature testicular senescence, but the mechanisms responsible for this have yet to be determined. In this study, we administered DEHP (300 mg/kg/day) to male C57BL/6 mice from postnatal days 21 to 49. The mice were kept for 6 months without DEHP. RNA sequencing was conducted on testicular tissue at PNM6. The results indicated that DEHP hindered testicular development, lowered serum testosterone levels in male mice, and induced premature testicular senescence. TM3 Leydig cells were exposed to 300 μM of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the bioactive metabolite of DEHP, for 72 h. The results also found that DEHP/MEHP induced senescence in vivo and in vitro. The mitochondrial respiratory chain was disrupted in Leydig cells. The expression and stability of STAT5B were elevated by MEHP treatment in TM3 cells. Furthermore, p-ERK1/2 was significantly decreased by STAT5B, and mitochondria-STAT3 (p-STAT3 ser727) was significantly decreased due to the decrease of p-ERK1/2. Additionally, the senescence level of TM3 cells was decreased and treated with 5 mM NAC for 1 h after MEHP treatment. In conclusion, these findings provided a novel mechanistic understanding of Leydig cells by disrupting the mitochondrial respiratory chain through STAT5B-mitoSTAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Cao
- The Andrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- The Reproductive Andrology Clinic, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 628 Zhenyuan Road, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qigen Xie
- The Andrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- The Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The Andrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- The Urology Department, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Sanming, 365000, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Ma
- The Reproductive Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Demeng Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- The Andrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi Wan
- The Andrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Beltrame FL, Moysés THP, Coelho MP, Steinvascher MCR, de Oliveira SA, da Silva AAS, Cerri PS, Sasso-Cerri E. Role of serotonin, estrogen, and TNF-α in the paroxetine-impaired steroidogenesis and testicular macrophages polarization. Andrology 2024; 12:655-673. [PMID: 37675929 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant, has caused male sexual dysfunction; however, the paroxetine mechanisms of action in testes are still unclear. OBJECTIVES Paroxetine serotonergic effects in testes were evaluated, focusing on steroidogenesis and the correlation between macrophages population and possible TNF-α-derived oxidative stress. We also verified whether the changes are reversible following treatment interruption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult rats received paroxetine (PG35 and PG65) or tap water (CG) for 35 days. PG65 was maintained without treatment for 30 more days. Intratesticular testosterone (IT), nitrite, and malondialdehyde concentrations were measured. To confirm serotonergic and estrogenic effects, Htr1b and Esr1 expressions were analyzed. The daily sperm production (DSP), frequency of abnormal seminiferous tubules (ST), SC number, ST area, and Leydig cells nuclear area (LCnu) were evaluated. TUNEL+ germ cells, M1 (CD68+ ), and M2 (Perls+ ) macrophages were quantified. 17β-HSD7, CYP19A1, NDRG2, oxytocin, TNF-α, and iNOS were evaluated by immunoreactions. Oxytocin and NDRG2 protein levels as well as Tnfa mRNA expression were also analyzed. RESULTS The Htr1b downregulation in testes confirmed the paroxetine serotonergic effect. The testicular sections showed abnormal ST frequency, ST atrophy and reduction of DSP, LCnu, SC number and Perls+ macrophages. TUNEL+ germ cells and LC were associated with strong NDRG2 immunoexpression. Paroxetine reduced IT levels and 17β-HSD7 immunoexpression in parallel to increased CYP19A1, oxytocin, TNF-α and iNOS. Esr1 and Tnfa overexpression and increased number of CD68+ macrophages were also observed together with high nitrite and malondialdehyde levels. Most parameters were not recovered in PG65. CONCLUSIONS Paroxetine serotonergic effect impairs LC steroidogenesis, via aromatization, increasing estrogen/testosterone ratio, which in turn upregulate NDRG2, promoting apoptosis, and impairing sperm production. Serotonin-estrogen pathways may be responsible for M2/M1 polarization, Tnfa upregulation, and induction of oxidative stress. The unrecovered testicular changes after treatment discontinuation are due to persistent paroxetine serotonin/estrogen effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Luciana Beltrame
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University (UNIP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Clara Rossetto Steinvascher
- School of Dentistry, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- School of Dentistry, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Estela Sasso-Cerri
- School of Dentistry, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, Brazil
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Zhuang Y, Liu W, Chen F, Xie M, Zhang H, Huang Z, Zhang X, Liu J, Ma K, Feng H, Ruan S, He J, Zhang W, Zou F, Kang X, Fan Y, Zhang G, Chen Z. Nitric oxide-induced lipophagic defects contribute to testosterone deficiency in rats with spinal cord injury. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1360499. [PMID: 38455652 PMCID: PMC10918589 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1360499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Males with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently exhibit testosterone deficiency and reproductive dysfunction. While such incidence rates are high in chronic patients, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Methods and results Herein, we generated a rat SCI model, which recapitulated complications in human males, including low testosterone levels and spermatogenic disorders. Proteomics analyses showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mostly enriched in lipid metabolism and steroid metabolism and biosynthesis. In SCI rats, we observed that testicular nitric oxide (NO) levels were elevated and lipid droplet-autophagosome co-localization in testicular interstitial cells was decreased. We hypothesized that NO impaired lipophagy in Leydig cells (LCs) to disrupt testosterone biosynthesis and spermatogenesis. As postulated, exogenous NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP)) treatment markedly raised NO levels and disturbed lipophagy via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, and ultimately impaired testosterone production in mouse LCs. However, such alterations were not fully observed when cells were treated with an endogenous NO donor (L-arginine), suggesting that mouse LCs were devoid of an endogenous NO-production system. Alternatively, activated (M1) macrophages were predominant NO sources, as inducible NO synthase inhibition attenuated lipophagic defects and testosterone insufficiency in LCs in a macrophage-LC co-culture system. In scavenging NO (2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (CPTIO)) we effectively restored lipophagy and testosterone levels both in vitro and in vivo, and importantly, spermatogenesis in vivo. Autophagy activation by LYN-1604 also promoted lipid degradation and testosterone synthesis. Discussion In summary, we showed that NO-disrupted-lipophagy caused testosterone deficiency following SCI, and NO clearance or autophagy activation could be effective in preventing reproductive dysfunction in males with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feilong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minyu Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanbin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zicong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinsheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongrui Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shipeng Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wansong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Zou
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangjin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guofei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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O’Donnell L, Dagley LF, Curley M, Darbey A, O’Shaughnessy PJ, Diemer T, Pilatz A, Fietz D, Stanton PG, Smith LB, Rebourcet D. Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in mouse and human testicular interstitial fluid. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290846. [PMID: 37656709 PMCID: PMC10473511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells support the development of sperm and the function of various somatic cells in the interstitium between the tubules. Sertoli cells regulate the function of the testicular vasculature and the development and function of the Leydig cells that produce testosterone for fertility and virility. However, the Sertoli cell-derived factors that regulate these cells are largely unknown. To define potential mechanisms by which Sertoli cells could support testicular somatic cell function, we aimed to identify Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in the testicular interstitial fluid (TIF) between the tubules. We previously resolved the proteome of TIF in mice and humans and have shown it to be a rich source of seminiferous tubule-derived proteins. In the current study, we designed bioinformatic strategies to interrogate relevant proteomic and genomic datasets to identify Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in mouse and human TIF. We analysed proteins in mouse TIF that were significantly reduced after one week of acute Sertoli cell ablation in vivo and validated which of these are likely to arise primarily from Sertoli cells based on relevant mouse testis RNASeq datasets. We used a different, but complementary, approach to identify Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in human TIF, taking advantage of high-quality human testis genomic, proteomic and immunohistochemical datasets. We identified a total of 47 and 40 Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in mouse and human TIF, respectively, including 15 proteins that are conserved in both species. Proteins with potential roles in angiogenesis, the regulation of Leydig cells or steroidogenesis, and immune cell regulation were identified. The data suggests that some of these proteins are secreted, but that Sertoli cells also deposit specific proteins into TIF via the release of extracellular vesicles. In conclusion, we have identified novel Sertoli cell-enriched proteins in TIF that are candidates for regulating somatic cell-cell communication and testis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza O’Donnell
- Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura F. Dagley
- Department of Medical Biology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Curley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Annalucia Darbey
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J. O’Shaughnessy
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Thorsten Diemer
- Medical Faculty, Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Adrian Pilatz
- Medical Faculty, Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniela Fietz
- Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter G. Stanton
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lee B. Smith
- Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Diane Rebourcet
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Greifová H, Jambor T, Tokárová K, Knížatová N, Lukáč N. In Vitro Effect of Resveratrol Supplementation on Oxidative Balance and Intercellular Communication of Leydig Cells Subjected to Induced Oxidative Stress. Folia Biol (Praha) 2022. [DOI: 10.3409/fb_70-1.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have revealed that oxidative stress is a primary factor in the pathogenesis of male reproductive system dysfunctions. The strong antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of resveratrol have previously been demonstrated, but its effect in the context of the male reproduction
remains unconvincing. To observe the biological activity of resveratrol in protecting the male reproductive function, hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Leydig cells was used as a cell model. The aim of the present study was to examine if resveratrol could induce changes in the
gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), nitric oxide production, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in TM3 Leydig cells subjected to H2O2. The Leydig cells were exposed to a resveratrol treatment (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μM) in the
presence or absence of H2O2 (300/600 μM) during a 24 h in vitro culture. The cell lysates to assess TOS and TAC, NO production were quantified in a culture medium using the Griess method, and the Scrape Loading/Dye Transfer (SL/DT) technique was used for the
determination of GJIC in the exposed TM3 Leydig cells. Treatment with higher doses of resveratrol alone led to a significantly increased TOS (p<0.05 with 100 μM) and NO production (p<0.05 with 50 μM and 100 μM), but significantly reduced TAC (p<0.01 with 100 μM) and GJIC
(p<0.05 with 100 μM), while the SL/DT evaluation in the cells exposed to resveratrol at concentrations 5 μM (p<0.05) and 10 μM (p<0.01) revealed a significant stimulation of GJIC. The most potent cytoprotective or stimulatory effect of resveratrol in the cells co-exposed
to oxidative stress (300 μM H2O2) was observed at a concentration of 10 μM in the case of GJIC, which was manifested by a significant increase in the values (p<0.05) compared to the control group treated with H2O2 alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Greifová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Jambor
- BioFood Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Tokárová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Nikola Knížatová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Lukáč
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
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Antar SA, El-Gammal MA, Hazem RM, Moustafa YM. Etanercept Mitigates Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage in Rats "An Insight into Autophagy, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:28194-28207. [PMID: 34993805 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and occupational toxin that represents a serious health hazard to humans and other animals. One of the negative consequences of cadmium exposure is testicular injury. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of etanercept against cadmium chloride-induced testicular damage and the probable underlying mechanisms of its action. METHODS A total of sixty rats were divided into six groups: control, cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (7 mg/ kg i.p.), and CdCl2 treated with etanercept (5,10 and 15 mg/kg s.c.) and etanercept only (15 mg/kg s.c.). CdCl2 was administrated as a single dose, while etanercept was administered every 3 days for 3 weeks. RESULTS CdCl2 reduced serum testosterone, testicular glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, it elevated the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) in the testes. Cadmium caused pathogenic alterations as well as increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Besides, the gene expressions of caspase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and Beclin-1 protein increased with CdCl2 exposure. Interestingly, etanercept relieved the previous toxic effects induced by CdCl2 in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, Beclin-1, LC3B, and caspase-3 accompanied by improvement in histopathological changes. CONCLUSION Etanercept provides a potential therapeutic approach to treat testicular tissue against the damaging effects of Cd by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
| | - Mohamad A El-Gammal
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Badr University Cairo, 11829, Egypt
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Sokanovic SJ, Baburski AZ, Kojic Z, Medar MLJ, Andric SA, Kostic TS. Aging-Related Increase of cGMP Disrupts Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Leydig Cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:177-186. [PMID: 32459846 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since mitochondria play an essential role in the testosterone biosynthesis, serve as power centers and are a source of oxidative stress, a possible mitochondrial dysfunction could be connected with decreased activity of Leydig cells and lowered testosterone production during aging. Here we chronologically analyzed age-related alterations of mitochondrial function in Leydig cells correlated by the progressive rise of cGMP signaling and with respect to testosterone synthesis. To target cGMP signaling in Leydig cells, acute or long-term in vivo or ex vivo treatments with sildenafil (phosphodiesterase 5 [PDE5] inhibitor) were performed. Aging-related accumulation of cGMP in the Leydig cells is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction illustrated by reduced ATP and steroid production, lowered O2 consumption, increased mitochondrial abundance and mtDNA copies number, decreased expression of genes that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis (Ppargc1a/PGC1a-Tfam-Nrf1/NRF1), mitophagy (Pink1), fusion (Mfn1, Opa1), and increased Nrf2/NRF2. Acute in vivo PDE5 inhibition overaccumulated cGMP and stimulated testosterone but reduced ATP production in Leydig cells from adult, middle-aged, and old rats. The increased ATP/O ratio observed in cells from old compared to adult rats was diminished after stimulation of cGMP signaling. Opposite, long-term PDE5 inhibition decreased cGMP signaling and improved mitochondrial function/dynamics in Leydig cells from old rats. Mitochondrial abundance in Leydig cells decreased while ATP levels increased. Chronic treatment elevated Tfam, Nrf1, Nrf2, Opa1, Mfn1, Drp1, and normalized Pink1 expression. Altogether, long-term PDE5 inhibition prevented age-related NO and cGMP elevation, improved mitochondrial dynamics/function, and testosterone production. The results pointed on cGMP signaling in Leydig cells as a target for pharmacological manipulation of aging-associated changes in mitochondrial function and testosterone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan J Sokanovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Z Baburski
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zvezdana Kojic
- Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija L J Medar
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Silvana A Andric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana S Kostic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
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9
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Subramanya V, Zhao D, Ouyang P, Ying W, Vaidya D, Ndumele CE, Lima JA, Guallar E, Hoogeveen RC, Shah SJ, Heckbert SR, Kass DA, Post WS, Michos ED. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate and 10-year change in left ventricular mass: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Biomarkers 2021; 26:309-317. [PMID: 33715578 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1893811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a second messenger for natriuretic peptide (NP) and nitric oxide pathways; its enhancement a target for heart failure and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated whether plasma cGMP was associated with change in left ventricular mass (LVM) among individuals free of CVD and if this differed by sex.Methods and Results: In 611 men and 612 women aged 45-84 years with plasma cGMP measured at baseline and cardiac MRI performed at baseline and 10 years later, we tested associations of cGMP [log-transformed, per 1 SD increment] with LVM, adjusting for CVD risk factors and N-terminal pro-B-type-NP (NT-proBNP). Participants had mean (SD) age of 63.1(8.5) years and cGMP 4.8(2.6) pmol/mL. Cross-sectionally, higher cGMP was associated with lesser LVM, non-lin- early. In contrast, longitudinally, higher cGMP was associated with increase in LVM [1.70g (0.61, 2.78)] over 10 years. Higher cGMP was associated with greater LVM change in men [2.68g (1.57, 3.79)] but not women [0.24g ((-0.92, 1.39); p-interaction < 0.001].Conclusion: In conclusion, in a community-based cohort, higher cGMP levels were associated with increase in LVM over 10 years independent of CVD risk factors and NT-proBNP in men, perhaps reflecting compensatory changes. Further studies are needed to understand mechanistic roles of cGMP in LV remodelling and associated sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Subramanya
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pamela Ouyang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy Ying
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chiadi E Ndumele
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joao A Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ron C Hoogeveen
- Division of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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10
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Oghbaei H, Hamidian G, Alipour MR, Alipour S, Keyhanmanesh R. The effect of prolonged dietary sodium nitrate treatment on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and testicular structure and function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:2451-2465. [PMID: 32129362 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00974d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prolonged dietary nitrate supplementation on the gonadotropin level, testicular histology and morphometry, expression of miR-34b and p53 mRNA, and spermatogenesis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. METHODS Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: Control (C), control + nitrate (CN), diabetes (D), diabetes + insulin (DI), and diabetes + nitrate (DN). Diabetes was induced using 45 mg kg-1 of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Rats in the CN and DN groups were administered sodium nitrate in drinking water (100 mg L-1). NPH insulin (2-4 U d-1) was injected subcutaneously in the DI group for 2 months. Nitrate and insulin supplementation was started one month after confirmation of diabetes. RESULTS Nitrate supplementation in the DN group significantly increased the body weight (p < 0.05), sperm parameters (p < 0.001), indices of spermatogenesis (p < 0.001), and testis histopathology as well as decreased the blood glucose level (p < 0.001) compared to the untreated diabetic group, although it had no significant effect on testicular parameters, LH and FSH levels. Nitrate administration in the DN group also decreased miR-34b (p < 0.001) and p53 mRNA (p < 0.001) expression, and increased serum insulin and NOx levels compared to the untreated diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS Chronic nitrate supplementation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats improved fertility parameters, which may be associated with increased miR-34b and decreased p53 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Oghbaei
- Department of physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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11
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Beer consumption negatively regulates hormonal reproductive status and reduces apoptosis in Leydig cells in peripubertal rats. Alcohol 2019; 78:21-31. [PMID: 30690073 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beer is one of the most popular alcoholic beverages consumed by young people. Ethanol intake is associated with harmful effects to the reproductive system. Bioactive compounds present in beer may diminish the toxics effect of ethanol. However, there is still little knowledge about the effect of beer consumption on hormonal regulation of male reproduction in organisms exposed to alcohol after the peripubertal age. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of beer intake on plasma reproductive hormones, immunolocalization of cleaved caspase-3 (casp-3), and the level of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in Leydig cells (LCs) in adolescent male Wistar rats. The animals, beginning at the age of 30 days, drank beer (10% ethanol; B2 group [2 weeks' exposure] and B4 group [4 weeks' exposure]), 10% ethanol solution (CE2 group [2 weeks' exposure] and CE4 group [4 weeks' exposure]), or water (C2 group [2 weeks' exposure] and C4 group [4 weeks' exposure]). Rats drinking beer for 4 weeks showed higher phenolic acid intake compared to rats drinking beer for 2 weeks. Rats exposed to beer for 4 weeks showed decreased plasma levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and 17β-estradiol (E2) (3.173 ng/mL and 11.49 pg/mL, respectively), compared to the CE4 (5.293 ng/mL and 43.912 pg/mL, respectively) and the C4 groups (5.002 ng/mL and 41.121 pg mL, respectively). Expression of cleaved caspase-3 in LCs was lower in the B4 group rats, compared to the CE4 group rats (ID score: 1.676 vs. 2.190). No changes in nNOS expression were observed. Beer consumption revealed a similar negative effect on hormonal regulation of male reproductive function, but lower apoptosis in LCs may be beneficial for steroidogenic activity.
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12
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Regulation of Leydig cell steroidogenesis: intriguing network of signaling pathways and mitochondrial signalosome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Valente Duarte De Sousa IC. New and emerging drugs for the treatment of acne vulgaris in adolescents. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1009-1024. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1584182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Wu K, Mei C, Chen Y, Guo L, Yu Y, Huang D. C-type natriuretic peptide regulates sperm capacitation by the cGMP/PKG signalling pathway via Ca 2+ influx and tyrosine phosphorylation. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 38:289-299. [PMID: 30655075 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on human sperm capacitation in vitro and what is the mechanism of this effect? DESIGN CNP/NPR-B expression in the female rat genital tract was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay, and then the role of CNP in human sperm capacitation was determined. The signal transduction pathway of CNP in the process was determined to elucidate the regulation mechanism of CNP by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS Both CNP and NPR-B were expressed in the genital tract of female rats, especially in the mucosa epithelium cell of the oviduct; the CNP level in the rat oviduct was higher than that in the cervix. Both CNP and NPR-B level in the rat oviduct varied during the oestrus cycle, maximal expression being observed at proestrus. Furthermore, intracellular cGMP level in spermatozoa was significantly enhanced by CNP (P < 0.01). PKG activity was detected in the spermatozoa, and it can be activated by the CNP and 8-Br-cGMP (cGMP analogue). The PKG inhibitor KT5823 inhibited the effect of CNP on sperm hyperactivation and the acrosome reaction. Finally, Ca2+ and tyrosine phosphorylation levels in spermatozoa were markedly improved by CNP and 8-Br-cGMP but significantly inhibited by the addition of KT5823 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CNP secreted by the female genital tract might bind to NPR-B on the spermatozoa. It successively stimulated intracellular cGMP/PKG signalling, increased Ca2+ and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, promoted hyperactivation and induced the acrosome reaction, which ultimately facilitated sperm capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Wu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chunlei Mei
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Reproductive Medicine Centre of Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Lidan Guo
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuejin Yu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Donghui Huang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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15
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Aversa A, Duca Y, Condorelli RA, Calogero AE, La Vignera S. Androgen Deficiency and Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Expression Changes in Aging Male: Therapeutic Implications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:225. [PMID: 31110491 PMCID: PMC6499191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The age-related decline of serum T occurs in ~20-30% of adult men and it is today defined as late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). In the elderly, such decline becomes more prevalent (up to 60%) and shows-up with erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypoactive sexual desire. A large body of experimental evidences have shown that the combination of T replacement therapy (TRT) and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) is, usually, effective in restoring erectile function in patients with LOH and ED who have not responded to monotherapy for sexual disturbances. In fact, PDE5is potentiate the action of nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells, resulting in a vasodilator effect, while T facilitates PDE5i effects by increasing the expression of PDE5 in corpora cavernosa. Meta-analytic data have recognized to PDE5i a protective role on the cardiovascular health in patients with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. In addition, several studies have shown pleiotropic beneficial effects of these drugs throughout the body (i.e., on bones, urogenital tract and cerebral, metabolic, and cardiovascular levels). TRT itself is able to decrease endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, thus lowering the cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, untreated hypogonadism could be the cause of PDE5i ineffectiveness especially in the elderly. For these reasons, aging men complaining ED who have LOH should undergo TRT before or at the moment when PDE5i treatment is started.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ylenia Duca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Eugenio Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sandro La Vignera
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16
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Casarini L, Riccetti L, Limoncella S, Lazzaretti C, Barbagallo F, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, Tagliavini S, Trenti T, Simoni M, Sola M, Di Rocco G. Probing the Effect of Sildenafil on Progesterone and Testosterone Production by an Intracellular FRET/BRET Combined Approach. Biochemistry 2018; 58:799-808. [PMID: 30532959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors have been recently applied to the study of biological pathways. In this study, a new biosensor was validated for the first time in live HEK293 and steroidogenic MLTC-1 cell lines for studying the effect of the PDE5 inhibitor on the hCG/LH-induced steroidogenic pathway. The sensor improves FRET between a donor (D), the fluorescein-like diarsenical probe that can covalently bind a tetracysteine motif fused to the PDE5 catalytic domain, and an acceptor (A), the rhodamine probe conjugated to the pseudosubstrate cGMPS. Affinity constant ( Kd) values of 5.6 ± 3.2 and 13.7 ± 0.8 μM were obtained with HEK293 and MLTC-1 cells, respectively. The detection was based on the competitive displacement of the cGMPS-rhodamine conjugate by sildenafil; the Ki values were 3.6 ± 0.3 nM (IC50 = 2.3 nM) in HEK293 cells and 10 ± 1.0 nM (IC50 = 3.9 nM) in MLTC-1 cells. The monitoring of both cAMP and cGMP by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer allowed the exploitation of the effects of PDE5i on steroidogenesis, indicating that sildenafil enhanced the gonadotropin-induced progesterone-to-testosterone conversion in a cAMP-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy.,Center for Genome Research , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41126 Modena , Italy
| | - Laura Riccetti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Silvia Limoncella
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Clara Lazzaretti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , 00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara , Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara , Italy
| | - Simonetta Tagliavini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy , Azienda USL of Modena , 41121 Modena , Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy , Azienda USL of Modena , 41121 Modena , Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy.,Center for Genome Research , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41126 Modena , Italy.,Azienda , Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Marco Sola
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Giulia Di Rocco
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , 41125 Modena , Italy
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17
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Xu W, Zhu Q, Liu S, Dai X, Zhang B, Gao C, Gao L, Liu J, Cui Y. Calretinin Participates in Regulating Steroidogenesis by PLC-Ca 2+-PKC Pathway in Leydig Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7403. [PMID: 29743498 PMCID: PMC5943404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calretinin, a Ca2+-binding protein, participates in many cellular events. Our previous studies found the high expression of calretinin in testicular Leydig cells. In this study, (MLTC-1 cells were infected with LV-calb2, R2C cells with LV-siRNA-calb2. The primary mouse Leydig cells were also used to confirm those data from cell lines. Testosterone level was significantly higher in the MLTC-1 cells with over-expressed calretinin than in the control, while progesterone was lower in the R2C cells in which down-regulated calretinin. The expressions of StAR changed in synchrony with hormones. Cytoplasmic Ca2+ level was significantly increased when calretinin was over-expressed. When MLTC-1 cells were infected with LV-calb2 and then stimulated using Clopiazonic, a Ca2+-releasing agent, testosterone was significantly increased. Interestingly, the expression levels of PLC, p-PKCµ (PKD), p-MARCKS and CREB, were significantly increased in the MLTC-1 cells with over-expressed calretinin, while PLC, p-PKD, p-MARCKS, MARCKS and CREB were decreased in the R2C cells with down-regulated calretinin. We also observed the increased expression of calretinin up-regulated testosterone production and the expressions of StAR and PLC in primary mouse Leydig cells. So, calretinin as a Ca2+-binding protein participates in the regulation of steroidogenesis via the PLC-Ca2+-PKC pathway in Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaonan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Nanjing Maternal and Child Care Service Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210005, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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18
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Sokanovic SJ, Capo I, Medar MM, Andric SA, Kostic TS. Long-term inhibition of PDE5 ameliorates aging-induced changes in rat testis. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:139-148. [PMID: 29660387 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NO-cGMP signaling pathway has been implicated in reduction of testicular steroidogenesis during aging. Here we analyzed the effect of PDE5 inhibition on old testicular phenotype formation. The old phenotype exhibited low testosterone and increased nitrite levels in circulation, increased cGMP accumulation in testicular interstitial fluid (TIF), progressive atrophy of testicular seminiferous tubules and enlargement of interstitial area followed by rise in blood vessel density and slight increase in the number of Leydig cells and macrophages. Leydig cells have reduced steroidogenic capacity, increased MAP kinases expression (MEK, ERK1/2, JNK) and antiapoptotic PRKG1 and AKT, suggesting increased proliferation/survival and accumulation of senescent Leydig cells in testis. In 12 month-old rats, a long-term treatment with sildenafil (PDE5 inhibitor) normalized testosterone/nitrite levels in circulation and cGMP accumulation in TIF; improved Leydig cell steroidogenic capacity; decreased MEK, ERK1/2 and PRKG1 expression; prevented an increase in the Leydig cells number and atrophy of seminiferous tubules leading to histological appearance of young rat testes. In 18 month-old rats, long-term PDE5 inhibition partially recovered testosterone and nitrite levels in serum; normalized PRKG1 expression without effect on MEK and ERK1/2; and slowed down Leydig cell and macrophage accumulation and regressive tubular changes. Culturing of primary Leydig cells from aged rats in presence of PDE5-inhibitor stimulated steroidogenic and MAPK gene expression. Taking together, results indicate that cGMP targeting alter both steroidogenesis and signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation/survival. The long-term PDE5 inhibition improves testicular steroidogenesis and slows-down regressive changes in testes during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan J Sokanovic
- Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivan Capo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija M Medar
- Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Silvana A Andric
- Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana S Kostic
- Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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19
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Xu W, Zhu Q, Zhang B, Liu S, Dai X, Gao C, Gao L, Cui Y. Protective effect of calretinin on testicular Leydig cells via the inhibition of apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1269-1279. [PMID: 28437248 PMCID: PMC5425126 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The core mechanism of Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is the deficiency of androgen due to the functional and quantitative decline of testicular Leydig cells. Here we explored the protective effect of calretinin, a Ca2+-binding protein, on Leydig cells. We found in MLTC-1 cells transfected with LV-calb2, the cell viability and optical density (OD) were higher (p<0.05), cells in the S phase of the cell cycle were increased (p<0.01) and p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT levels were significantly higher (p<0.01 and p<0.05), while in R2C cells transfected with LV-siRNA-calb2, all of the results mentioned above were adverse (p<0.05). The cell apoptotic index after calretinin over-expressed was significantly lower (p<0.001), while the expression levels of mitochondria-related apoptotic factors such as cleaved caspase-9 and cytochrome C (cyto C) were lower and ratio of Bcl2/Bax was higher (p<0.05). After calretinin down-regulated, the apoptotic index was higher (p<0.05), while the expression levels of mitochondria-related apoptotic factors were higher and the ratio of Bcl2/Bax was lower (p<0.05). Therefore, calretinin increases Leydig cell viability and proliferation, possibly via ERK1/2 and AKT pathways, and suppresses apoptosis possibly via the mitochondria-related apoptotic pathway, which could be beneficial in understanding the pathophysiology of LOH and could lead to the study of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaonan Dai
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Care Service Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210005, China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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Aging has the opposite effect on cAMP and cGMP circadian variations in rat Leydig cells. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 187:613-623. [PMID: 27915366 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-1052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Leydig cell physiology displays a circadian rhythm driven by a complex interaction of the reproductive axis hormones and circadian system. The final output of this regulatory process is circadian pattern of steroidogenic genes expression and testosterone production. Aging gradually decreases robustness of rhythmic testosterone secretion without change in pattern of LH secretion. Here, we analyzed effect of aging on circadian variation of cAMP and cGMP signaling in Leydig cells. Results showed opposite effect of aging on cAMP and cGMP daily variation. Reduced amplitude of cAMP circadian oscillation was probably associated with changed expression of genes involved in cAMP production (increased circadian pattern of Adcy7, Adcy9, Adcy10 and decreased Adcy3); cAMP degradation (increased Pde4a, decreased Pde8b, canceled rhythm of Pde4d, completely reversed circadian pattern of Pde7b and Pde8a); and circadian expression of protein kinase A subunits (Prkac/PRKAC and Prkar2a). Aging stimulates expression of genes responsible for cGMP production (Nos2, Gucy1a3 and Gucy1b3/GUCYB3) and degradation (Pde5a, Pde6a and Pde6h) but the overall net effect is elevation of cGMP circadian oscillations in Leydig cells. In addition, the expression of cGMP-dependent kinase, Prkg1/PRKG1 is up-regulated. It seems that aging potentiate cGMP- and reduce cAMP-signaling in Leydig cells. Since both signaling pathways affect testosterone production and clockwork in the cells, further insights into these signaling pathways will help to unravel disorders linked to the circadian timing system, aging and reproduction.
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Bashandy SAEM, Omara EAA, Ebaid H, Amin MM, Soliman MS. Role of zinc as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory to relieve cadmium oxidative stress induced testicular damage in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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22
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Bueno A, Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, Lhamas CL, Brusco I, Oliveira SM, Amaral MG, Dorneles G, Sorraila J, Duarte MM, de Andrade CM. Impacts of dose and time of boldenone and stanazolol exposure in inflammatory markers, oxidative and nitrosative stress and histopathological changes in the rat testes. Theriogenology 2016; 90:101-108. [PMID: 28166954 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to analyze the adverse effects of the anabolic steroids boldenone (BOL) and stanazolol (ST) in the reproductive function of male rats. These molecules were administered using three different protocols. In Protocol I, BOL and ST were administered in a higher dose than what is recommended but for a short period. In Protocol II, a moderate dose of these compounds was applied for an intermediate period, whereas in Protocol III a reduced dose was administered but for an extended period. Notably, Protocol I and III resulted in increased levels of reactive oxygen specimens (ROS [I, p < 0.01] [III, p < 0.001)]) and nitrite plus nitrate (NOx [I, p < 0.01] [II, p < 0.01] [III,p < 0.05]), respectively, whereas non-protein thiols (NPSH) levels were decreased only after Protocol III (p < 0.01). Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly increased after treatment with BOL in protocol II (p < 0.01) and III (p < 0.05) than with ST in protocol III (p < 0.05). Boldenone and ST also caused a significant up-regulation in the levels of serum testosterone when protocols I (p < 0.01) and II (p < 0.05) were performed. There were also visible histopathological alterations in the testes induced by treatment with BOL, namely degenerative changes primarily characterized by a decrease in the germinal epithelium. Together, these results suggest that the administration of BOL or ST exerts a significantly harmful effect in the testes of male rats. Moreover, all the treatment protocols used in this study induced deleterious effects on the testes, as indicated by the different biochemical parameters investigated. However, only the protocols of longer exposure time (II and III) induced morphological changes compatible with infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Bueno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano B Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jessié M Gutierres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cibele L Lhamas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Indiara Brusco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sara M Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marta G Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Unidade de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dorneles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marta M Duarte
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Santa Maria, RS 97020-001, Brazil
| | - Cinthia M de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Beattie MC, Adekola L, Papadopoulos V, Chen H, Zirkin BR. Leydig cell aging and hypogonadism. Exp Gerontol 2015; 68:87-91. [PMID: 25700847 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Leydig cell testosterone (T) production is reduced with age, resulting in reduced serum T levels (hypogonadism). A number of cellular changes have been identified in the steroidogenic pathway of aged Leydig cells that are associated with reduced T formation, including reductions in luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated cAMP production, the cholesterol transport proteins steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein and translocator protein (TSPO), and downstream steroidogenic enzymes of the mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Many of the changes in steroid formation that characterize aged Leydig cells can be elicited by the experimental alteration of the redox environment of young cells, suggesting that changes in the intracellular redox balance may cause reduced T production. Hypogonadism is estimated to affect about 5 million American men, including both aged and young. This condition has been linked to mood changes, worsening cognition, fatigue, depression, decreased lean body mass, reduced bone mineral density, increased visceral fat, metabolic syndrome, decreased libido, and sexual dysfunction. Exogenous T administration is now used widely to elevate serum T levels in hypogonadal men and thus to treat symptoms of hypogonadism. However, recent evidence suggests that men who take exogenous T may face increased risk of stroke, heart attack, and prostate tumorigenesis. Moreover, it is well established that administered T can have suppressive effects on LH, resulting in lower Leydig cell T production, reduced intratesticular T concentration, and reduced spermatogenesis. This makes exogenous T administration inappropriate for men who wish to father children. There are promising new approaches to increase serum T by directly stimulating Leydig cell T production rather than by exogenous T therapy, thus potentially avoiding some of its negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Beattie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Adekola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Papadopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B R Zirkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Sokanovic SJ, Janjic MM, Stojkov NJ, Baburski AZ, Bjelic MM, Andric SA, Kostic TS. Age related changes of cAMP and MAPK signaling in Leydig cells of Wistar rats. Exp Gerontol 2014; 58:19-29. [PMID: 25019473 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, we chronologically analyzed age-associated changes of cAMP- and MAPK-signaling in Leydig cells (LCs) in relation with decreased testosterone (T) production. In Wistar rats, decreased serum T observed in 12 to 24-month-old rats was not related to decreased serum LH concentration but to reduced luteinizing hormone receptor (Lhr/LHR) and time-coordinated reduction of steroidogenic gene expression (decreased Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1 in 12-month-old rats followed by decreased Star/StAR, Hsd3b/HSD3B, Hsd17b4, and increased Cyp19a1 later in life). The predecessors of age-related changes noted in LCs from 6 to 12-month-old rats were increased level of soluble adenylate cyclase (Adcy/AC) 10, increased JNK phosphorylation but suppressed P38 MAPK. At approximately the same time changed mRNA abundance for transcription factors important for steroidogenesis was detected (increased Nur77 and decreased Sf1, Dax1). Aging caused biphasic expression pattern of ERK1/2 and Nur77: increased in 12-month but decreased in LCs from 24-month-old rats. Further, decreased basal cAMP level observed from 12 to 24th month coincidence with increased expression of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (Pde)4a, Pde4b and regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (Prkar/PKAR). Exposing of senescent LCs to permeable cAMP-analog improved transcription of Sf1, Nur77, Star, Cyp11a1,Cyp17a1, but without effect on aging pattern of Dax1, Pde4a/b, Prkar2a, Lhr and MAPK genes. Collectively, results indicated that age-related LC dysfunction is accompanied with changes in MAPK and cAMP signaling and coordinated reduction in the expression of many of the genes that participate in T synthesis. The predecessors of aged-related changes are increased ratio of pJNK/JNK, AC10 and decreased P38 level in LCs from 6-month-old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Sokanovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M M Janjic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - N J Stojkov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - A Z Baburski
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M M Bjelic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - S A Andric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - T S Kostic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Valente Duarte de Sousa IC. Novel pharmacological approaches for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:1389-410. [PMID: 24890096 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.923401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acne vulgaris is the most common skin disease worldwide; yet, current treatment options, although effective, are associated with unwanted side effects, chronicity, relapses and recurrences. The adequate control of the four pathogenic mechanisms, involved in the appearance of acne lesions, is paramount to treatment success. AREAS COVERED The authors discuss and evaluate the pathogenic pathways related to the mechanisms of action of novel molecules, which are currently under investigation for the treatment of acne vulgaris. The manuscript is based on comprehensive searches made through PubMed, GoogleScholar and ClinicalTrial.gov, using different combination of key words, which include acne vulgaris, pathogenesis, treatment, sebogenesis and Propionibacterium acnes. EXPERT OPINION In the near future, more effective treatments with fewer side effects are expected. The use of topical antiandrogens, acetylcholine inhibitors and PPAR modulators seem to be promising options for controlling sebum production. Retinoic acid metabolism-blocking agents and IL-1α inhibitors have the potential to become legitimate alternative options to retinoid therapy in the management of infundibular dyskeratosis. Indeed, the authors believe that there will likely be a decline in the use of antibiotics for controlling P. acnes colonization and targeting the inflammation cascade.
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