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Serambeque B, Mestre C, Correia-Barros G, Teixo R, Marto CM, Gonçalves AC, Caramelo F, Silva I, Paiva A, Beck HC, Carvalho AS, Botelho MF, Carvalho MJ, Matthiesen R, Laranjo M. Influence of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition on Stemness of Endometrial Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2031. [PMID: 38893151 PMCID: PMC11171353 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological malignancies. Although often diagnosed at an early stage, there is a subset of patients with recurrent and metastatic disease for whom current treatments are not effective. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in triggering tumorigenesis, disease progression, recurrence, and metastasis, as high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is associated with invasiveness and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of ALDH inhibition in endometrial CSCs. ECC-1 and RL95-2 cells were submitted to a sphere-forming protocol to obtain endometrial CSCs. ALDH inhibition was evaluated through ALDH activity and expression, sphere-forming capacity, self-renewal, projection area, and CD133, CD44, CD24, and P53 expression. A mass spectrometry-based proteomic study was performed to determine the proteomic profile of endometrial cancer cells upon N,N-diethylaminobenzaldehyde (DEAB). DEAB reduced ALDH activity and expression, along with a significant decrease in sphere-forming capacity and projection area, with increased CD133 expression. Additionally, DEAB modulated P53 expression. Endometrial cancer cells display a distinct proteomic profile upon DEAB, sharing 75 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated proteins. In conclusion, DEAB inhibits ALDH activity and expression, influencing endometrial CSC phenotype. Furthermore, ALDH18A1, SdhA, and UBAP2L should be explored as novel molecular targets for endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Serambeque
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Catarina Mestre
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Gabriela Correia-Barros
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Ricardo Teixo
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO) and Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (LBIM), Faculty of Medicine, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Silva
- Cytometry Operational Management Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade de Saúde Local de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Artur Paiva
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Cytometry Operational Management Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade de Saúde Local de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Laboratory Biomedical Sciences, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hans C. Beck
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.S.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Carvalho
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Universitary Clinic of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Service, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Reproduction and Neonatology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.S.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (G.C.-B.); (R.T.); (C.M.M.); (M.F.B.); (M.J.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (F.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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Chen YC, Gowda K, Amin S, Schell TD, Sharma AK, Robertson GP. Pharmacological agents targeting drug-tolerant persister cells in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107163. [PMID: 38569982 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Current cancer therapy can be effective, but the development of drug resistant disease is the usual outcome. These drugs can eliminate most of the tumor burden but often fail to eliminate the rare, "Drug Tolerant Persister" (DTP) cell subpopulations in residual tumors, which can be referred to as "Persister" cells. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents specifically targeting or preventing the development of drug-resistant tumors mediated by the remaining persister cells subpopulations are needed. Since approximately ninety percent of cancer-related deaths occur because of the eventual development of drug resistance, identifying, and dissecting the biology of the persister cells is essential for the creation of drugs to target them. While there remains uncertainty surrounding all the markers identifying DTP cells in the literature, this review summarizes the drugs and therapeutic approaches that are available to target the persister cell subpopulations expressing the cellular markers ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5 (ABCB5), CD133, CD271, Lysine-specific histone demethylase 5 (KDM5), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Persister cells expressing these markers were selected as the focus of this review because they have been found on cells surviving following drug treatments that promote recurrent drug resistant cancer and are associated with stem cell-like properties, including self-renewal, differentiation, and resistance to therapy. The limitations and obstacles facing the development of agents targeting these DTP cell subpopulations are detailed, with discussion of potential solutions and current research areas needing further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Krishne Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd D Schell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; The Pennsylvania State University Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Penn State Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Cao M, Liu Z, You D, Pan Y, Zhang Q. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis of spheroid cells of endometrial cancer possessing cancer stem cell properties. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:119. [PMID: 37143105 PMCID: PMC10161517 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in endometrial cancer progression and it is potential to isolate CSCs from spheroid cells. Further understanding of spheroid cells at protein level would help find novel CSC markers. METHODS Spheroid cells from endometrial cancer cell lines, Ishikawa and HEC1A, exhibited increased colony forming, subsphere forming, chemo-drug resistance, migration, invasion ability and tumorigenicity, verifying their cancer stem-like cell properties. The up-regulated CD90, CD117, CD133 and W5C5 expression also indicated stemness of spheroid cells. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to explore the potential alterations between parent cells and cancer stem-like spheroid cells. HK2-siRNA was transfected to Ishikawa and HEC1A cells to explore the roles and molecular mechanism of HK2 in endometrial cancer. RESULTS We identified and quantified a total of 5735 proteins and 167 overlapped differentially expressed proteins of two cell types, 43 proteins were up-regulated and 124 were down-regulated in spheroid cells comparing with parent cells. KEGG pathway revealed a significant role of HIF-1 pathway in spheroid cells. qRT-PCR and western blot results of GPRC5A, PFKFB3 and HK2 of HIF-1 pathway confirmed their elevated expressions in spheroid cells which were consistent with proteomic results. HK2 promoted cancer stemness in endometrial cancer. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that spheroid cells from endometrial cancer cell lines possess cancer stem-like cell properties and enrich CSCs. HIF-1 pathway is activated in endometrial cancer stem-like spheroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.63, Duobao Road, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, Baiyun Road North, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danming You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyan Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 1, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Efp/TRIM25 and Its Related Protein, TRIM47, in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152464. [PMID: 35954308 PMCID: PMC9368238 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the biological roles of tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins, which typically function as E3 ubiquitin ligases. Estrogen-responsive finger protein (Efp), a member of the TRIM family proteins, also known as TRIM25, was originally identified as a protein induced by estrogen and plays critical roles in promoting endocrine-related cancers, including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and prostate cancer. The pathophysiological importance of Efp made us interested in the roles of other TRIM family proteins that share a similar structure with Efp. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the C-terminal region of TRIM family proteins, we focused on TRIM47 as a protein belonging to the same branch as Efp. TRIM47 is a poor prognostic factor in both breast cancer and prostate cancer. Atypical lysine-27-like poly-ubiquitination was involved in the underlying mechanism causing endocrine resistance in breast cancer. We also discuss the functions of Efp and TRIM47 in other types of cancers and innate immunity by introducing substrates the are modified by poly-ubiquitination.
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Xiang Y, Zheng G, Zhong J, Sheng J, Qin H. Advances in Renal Cell Carcinoma Drug Resistance Models. Front Oncol 2022; 12:870396. [PMID: 35619895 PMCID: PMC9128023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.870396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer. Systemic therapy is the preferred method to eliminate residual cancer cells after surgery and prolong the survival of patients with inoperable RCC. A variety of molecular targeted and immunological therapies have been developed to improve the survival rate and prognosis of RCC patients based on their chemotherapy-resistant properties. However, owing to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, targeted and immunological therapies lack complete and durable anti-tumor responses; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of systemic therapy resistance and improving clinical curative effects in the treatment of RCC remain challenging. In vitro models with traditional RCC cell lines or primary cell culture, as well as in vivo models with cell or patient-derived xenografts, are used to explore the drug resistance mechanisms of RCC and screen new targeted therapeutic drugs. Here, we review the established methods and applications of in vivo and in vitro RCC drug resistance models, with the aim of improving our understanding of its resistance mechanisms, increasing the efficacy of combination medications, and providing a theoretical foundation for the development and application of new drugs, drug screening, and treatment guidelines for RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yien Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kamada S, Ikeda K, Suzuki T, Sato W, Kitayama S, Kawakami S, Ichikawa T, Horie K, Inoue S. Clinicopathological and Preclinical Patient-Derived Model Studies Define High Expression of NRN1 as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:758503. [PMID: 34804954 PMCID: PMC8595331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired therapeutic resistance and metastasis/recurrence remain significant challenge in advance renal cell carcinoma (RCC), thus the establishment of patient-derived cancer models may provide a clue to assess the problem. We recently characterized that neuritogenesis-related protein neuritin 1 (NRN1) functions as an oncogene in testicular germ cell tumor. This study aims to elucidate the role of NRN1 in RCC. Methods NRN1 expression in clinical RCC specimens was analyzed based on immunohistochemistry. NRN1-associated genes in RCC were screened by the RNA-sequencing dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RCC patient-derived cancer cell (RCC-PDC) spheroid cultures were established and their viabilities were evaluated under the condition of gene silencing/overexpression. The therapeutic effect of NRN1-specific siRNA was evaluated in RCC-PDC xenograft models. Results NRN1 immunoreactivity was positively associated with shorter overall survival in RCC patients. In TCGA RCC RNA-sequencing dataset, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), a prognostic and stemness-related factor in RCC, is a gene whose expression is substantially correlated with NRN1 expression. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in RCC-PDC spheroid cultures revealed that NRN1 significantly promotes cell viability along with the upregulation of CXCR4. The NRN1-specific siRNA injection significantly suppressed the proliferation of RCC-PDC-derived xenograft tumors, in which CXCR4 expression is significantly repressed. Conclusion NRN1 can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in RCC as analyzed by preclinical patient-derived cancer models and clinicopathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kamada
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sachi Kitayama
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Takeiwa T, Mitobe Y, Ikeda K, Hasegawa K, Horie K, Inoue S. Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA OIN1 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Growth by Modulating Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011242. [PMID: 34681900 PMCID: PMC8541687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced ovarian cancer usually exhibit high mortality rates, thus more efficient therapeutic strategies are expected to be developed. Recent transcriptomic studies revealed that long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) can be a new class of molecular targets for cancer management, because lincRNAs likely exert tissue-specific activities compared with protein-coding genes or other noncoding RNAs. We here show that an unannotated lincRNA originated from chromosome 10q21 and designated as ovarian cancer long intergenic noncoding RNA 1 (OIN1), is often overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal ovaries as analyzed by RNA sequencing. OIN1 silencing by specific siRNAs significantly exerted proliferation inhibition and enhanced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Notably, RNA sequencing showed that OIN1 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of apoptosis-related genes ras association domain family member 5 (RASSF5) and adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1), which were upregulated by OIN1 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells. OIN1-specifc siRNA injection was effective to suppress in vivo tumor growth of ovarian cancer cells inoculated in immunodeficient mice. Taken together, OIN1 could function as a tumor-promoting lincRNA in ovarian cancer through modulating apoptosis and will be a potential molecular target for ovarian cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuichi Mitobe
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1298, Japan;
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (S.I.); Tel.: +81-42-984-4606 (K.H.); +81-3-3964-3241 (S.I.)
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (S.I.); Tel.: +81-42-984-4606 (K.H.); +81-3-3964-3241 (S.I.)
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Subtype-specific collaborative transcription factor networks are promoted by OCT4 in the progression of prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3766. [PMID: 34145268 PMCID: PMC8213733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactive networks of transcription factors (TFs) have critical roles in epigenetic and gene regulation for cancer progression. It is required to clarify underlying mechanisms for transcriptional activation through concerted efforts of TFs. Here, we show the essential role of disease phase-specific TF collaboration changes in advanced prostate cancer (PC). Investigation of the transcriptome in castration-resistant PC (CRPC) revealed OCT4 as a key TF in the disease pathology. OCT4 confers epigenetic changes by promoting complex formation with FOXA1 and androgen receptor (AR), the central signals for the progression to CRPC. Meanwhile, OCT4 facilitates a distinctive complex formation with nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) to gain chemo-resistance in the absence of AR. Mechanistically, we reveal that OCT4 increases large droplet formations with AR/FOXA1 as well as NRF1 in vitro. Disruption of TF collaborations using a nucleoside analogue, ribavirin, inhibited treatment-resistant PC tumor growth. Thus, our findings highlight the formation of TF collaborations as a potent therapeutic target in advanced cancer.
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Functional inhibition of cancer stemness-related protein DPP4 rescues tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in renal cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:3899-3913. [PMID: 33972682 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are used as targeted drugs for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), although most cases eventually progress by acquiring resistance. Cancer stemness plays critical roles in tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) has been recently identified as a cancer stemness-related protein. A question arises whether DPP4 contributes to TKI efficacy in RCC. We established patient-derived RCC spheroids and showed that DPP4 expression is associated with stemness-related gene expression. TKI sunitinib resistance was rescued by DPP4 inhibition using sitagliptin or specific siRNAs in RCC cells and tumors. DPP4 expression can be inducible by retinoic acid and repressed by ALDH1A inhibition. Among type 2 diabetes patients with clinical RCC tumors, higher TKI efficacy is observed in those bearing DPP4high tumors treated with DPP4 inhibitors. This study provides new insights into TKI resistance and drug repositioning of DPP4 inhibitor as a promising strategy for advanced RCC.
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Takeiwa T, Ikeda K, Horie-Inoue K, Inoue S. Mechanisms of Apoptosis-Related Long Non-coding RNAs in Ovarian Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641963. [PMID: 33996797 PMCID: PMC8117355 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a health-threatening malignancy of ovary in female reproductive systems and one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide. Due to rare early symptoms, ovarian cancers are often diagnosed at advanced stages and exhibit poor prognosis. Thus, efforts have been paid to develop alternative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the disease. Recent studies have presented that some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play roles in apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells through various mechanisms involved in the regulation of transcription factors, histone modification complexes, miRNAs, and protein stability. Because evasion of apoptosis in cancer cells facilitates to promote tumor progression and therapy resistance, apoptosis regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs may be promising new targets in ovarian cancer. In this review, we introduce the recent findings in regard to the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis-related lncRNAs in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Transcriptomic analysis of hormone-sensitive patient-derived endometrial cancer spheroid culture defines Efp as a proliferation modulator. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 548:204-210. [PMID: 33647797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen-responsive endometrial cancer (EC) is prevalent in uterine cancer. Its precise molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated partly because of limited availability of estrogen-sensitive EC models recapitulating clinical pathophysiology. We previously established EC patient-derived cancer cell (EC-PDC) spheroid culture with high expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα). Using this EC-PDC, we study the transcriptional regulation and function of estrogen-responsive finger protein (Efp), a prototypic tripartite motif (TRIM) protein that modulates protein degradation and RNA processing. Intense estrogen-dependent EFP mRNA induction and high ERα occupancy to EFP estrogen responsive element (ERE) were observed in EC-PDC. Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that the ERE facilitates EFP transcriptional activity estrogen-dependently. siRNA-mediated Efp silencing in EC-PDC resulted in suppressed spheroid proliferation and altered gene expression profile, featuring downregulation of genes related to cell cycle (e.g., CDK6) and inflammation/immune responses (e.g., IL10RA, IL26, and IL6ST) while unaffected expression of cancer stemness-related markers. Taken together, EC-PDC spheroid culture is a powerful EC tool that enables to dissect Efp-mediated ERα signaling pathways as an estrogen-sensitive EC model. This study provides an insight into alternative EC therapeutic strategies targeting ERα-Efp axis.
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12
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Deng F, Mu J, Qu C, Yang F, Liu X, Zeng X, Peng X. A Novel Prognostic Model of Endometrial Carcinoma Based on Clinical Variables and Oncogenomic Gene Signature. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:587822. [PMID: 33490103 PMCID: PMC7817972 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.587822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the difficulty in predicting the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients by clinical variables alone, this study aims to build a new EC prognosis model integrating clinical and molecular information, so as to improve the accuracy of predicting the prognosis of EC. The clinical and gene expression data of 496 EC patients in the TCGA database were used to establish and validate this model. General Cox regression was applied to analyze clinical variables and RNAs. Elastic net-penalized Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to select the best EC prognosis-related RNAs, and ridge regression was used to construct the EC prognostic model. The predictive ability of the prognostic model was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). A clinical-RNA prognostic model integrating two clinical variables and 28 RNAs was established. The 5-year AUC of the clinical-RNA prognostic model was 0.932, which is higher than that of the clinical-alone (0.897) or RNA-alone prognostic model (0.836). This clinical-RNA prognostic model can better classify the prognosis risk of EC patients. In the training group (396 patients), the overall survival of EC patients was lower in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group [HR = 32.263, (95% CI, 7.707-135.058), P = 8e-14]. The same comparison result was also observed for the validation group. A novel EC prognosis model integrating clinical variables and RNAs was established, which can better predict the prognosis and help to improve the clinical management of EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Mu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chiwen Qu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaomin Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoning Peng
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Jishou University School of Medicine, Jishou, China
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13
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Namekawa T, Kitayama S, Ikeda K, Horie-Inoue K, Suzuki T, Okamoto K, Ichikawa T, Yano A, Kawakami S, Inoue S. HIF1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol decreases NRN1 expression and represses in vivo and in vitro growth of patient-derived testicular germ cell tumor spheroids. Cancer Lett 2020; 489:79-86. [PMID: 32544513 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most common type of malignancy in young males. Patients with nonseminomatous GCT still have poor prognosis. To identify new therapeutic targets, we generated patient-derived cells (PDCs) and their xenograft (PDCX) models from 3 distinct GCT patients' specimens. The pathological features of GCT PDCs and PDCX tumors recapitulated those of nonseminomatous components exhibiting in the corresponding patients' specimens. Notably, stemness-related markers and hypoxia-related genes, including hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1A) and neuritin 1 (NRN1), were abundantly expressed in three-dimensional spheroid cultures of GCT PDCs. We identified functional HIF1α response elements in the NRN1 promoter and defined that their transcriptional activities were substantially activated by hypoxia. HIF1α inhibition by siRNAs or an inhibitor, 2-methoxyestradiol, significantly suppressed NRN1 expression and decreased the in vitro and in vivo growth of PDC spheroids. Moreover, NRN1 knockdown efficiently suppressed PDC proliferation. These results suggest that HIF1α and NRN1 are potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets, and that 2-methoxyestradiol could be applied to clinical management of GCT. Overall, our GCT PDC and PDCX models would be useful as preclinical models for precision medicine targeting each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Namekawa
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan; Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Sachi Kitayama
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yano
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan; Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
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14
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Giannone G, Attademo L, Scotto G, Genta S, Ghisoni E, Tuninetti V, Aglietta M, Pignata S, Valabrega G. Endometrial Cancer Stem Cells: Role, Characterization and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111820. [PMID: 31752447 PMCID: PMC6896186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent gynecological cancer. In patients with relapsed and advanced disease, prognosis is still dismal and development of resistance is common. In this context, endometrial Cancer Stem Cells (eCSC), stem-like cells capable to self-renewal and differentiation in mature cancer cells, represent a potential field of expansion for drug development. The aim of this review is to characterize the role of eCSC in EC, their features and how they could be targeted. CSC are involved in progression, invasiveness and metastasis (though epithelial to mesenchimal transition, EMT), as well as chemoresistance in EC. Nevertheless, isolation of eCSC is still controversial. Indeed, CD133, Aldheyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD117, CD55 and CD44 are enriched in CSCs but there is no universal marker nowadays. The most frequently activated pathways in eCSC are Wingless-INT (Wnt)/β-catenin, Notch1, and Hedghog, with a high expression of self-renewal transcription factors like Octamer binding transcription factor 4 (OCT), B Lymphoma Mo-MLV Insertion Region 1 Homolog (BMI1), North American Network Operations Group Homebox protein (NANOG), and SRY-Box 2 (SOX2). These pathways have been targeted with selective drugs alone or in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Unfortunately, although preclinical results are encouraging, few clinical data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Giannone
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +390-119933253; Fax: +390-119933275
| | - Laura Attademo
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Giulia Scotto
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sofia Genta
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Eleonora Ghisoni
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Valentina Tuninetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Giorgio Valabrega
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.S.); (S.G.); (E.G.); (V.T.); (M.A.); (G.V.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS - Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy
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15
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Shiba S, Ikeda K, Suzuki T, Shintani D, Okamoto K, Horie-Inoue K, Hasegawa K, Inoue S. Hormonal Regulation of Patient-Derived Endometrial Cancer Stem-like Cells Generated by Three-Dimensional Culture. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1895-1906. [PMID: 31265065 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade and early-stage endometrial cancer usually has a favorable prognosis, whereas recurrent or metastatic disease is often difficult to cure. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlying advanced pathophysiology remain to be elucidated. From the perspective of the origin of advanced endometrial cancer, the characterization of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) will be the first step toward the development of clinical management. We established long-term culturable patient-derived cancer cells (PDCs) from patient endometrial tumors by spheroid cell culture, which is favorable for the enrichment of CSCs. PDC-derived xenograft tumors were generated in immunodeficient NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2RγKO Jic mice. Morphologically, PDCs derived from three distinct patient samples and their xenograft tumors recapitulated the corresponding original patient tumors. Of note, CSC-related genes including ALDH1A1 were upregulated in all of these PDCs, and the therapeutic potentiality of aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors was demonstrated. In addition, these PDCs and their patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models exhibited distinct characteristics on the basis of their hormone responsiveness and metastatic features. Interestingly, genes associated with inflammation and tumor immunity were upregulated by 17β-estradiol in PDC lines with high estrogen receptor expression and were also overexpressed in secondary PDCs obtained from metastatic tumor models. These results suggest that PDC and PDX models from endometrial cancer specimens would be useful to elucidate CSC traits and to develop alternative diagnostic and therapeutic options for advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Shiba
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shintani
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Functional Biogerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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The effect of several intertrial intervals on the 1 Hz interference effect. Can J Neurol Sci 1981; 12:cancers12040961. [PMID: 32295073 PMCID: PMC7225959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers cause over 600,000 deaths annually in women worldwide. The development of chemoresistance after initial rounds of chemotherapy contributes to tumor relapse and death due to gynecologic malignancies. In this regard, cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of stem cells with the ability to undergo self-renewal and clonal evolution, play a key role in tumor progression and drug resistance. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) are a group of enzymes shown to be robust CSC markers in gynecologic and other malignancies. These enzymes also play functional roles in CSCs, including detoxification of aldehydes, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and retinoic acid (RA) signaling, making ALDH an attractive therapeutic target in various clinical scenarios. In this review, we discuss the critical roles of the ALDH in driving stemness in different gynecologic malignancies. We review inhibitors of ALDH, both general and isoform-specific, which have been used to target CSCs in gynecologic cancers. Many of these inhibitors have been shown to be effective in preclinical models of gynecologic malignancies, supporting further development in the clinic. Furthermore, ALDH inhibitors, including 673A and CM037, synergize with chemotherapy to reduce tumor growth. Thus, ALDH-targeted therapies hold promise for improving patient outcomes in gynecologic malignancies.
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