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Zou X, Liang X, Dai W, Zhu T, Wang C, Zhou Y, Qian Y, Yan Z, Gao C, Gao L, Cui Y, Liu J, Meng Y. Peroxiredoxin 4 deficiency induces accelerated ovarian aging through destroyed proteostasis in granulosa cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167334. [PMID: 38971505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian aging, a complex and challenging concern within the realm of reproductive medicine, is associated with reduced fertility, menopausal symptoms and long-term health risks. Our previous investigation revealed a correlation between Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) and human ovarian aging. The purpose of this research was to substantiate the protective role of PRDX4 against ovarian aging and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism in mice. In this study, a Prdx4-/- mouse model was established and it was observed that the deficiency of PRDX4 led to only an accelerated decline of ovarian function in comparison to wild-type (WT) mice. The impaired ovarian function observed in this study can be attributed to an imbalance in protein homeostasis, an exacerbation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), and ultimately an increase in apoptosis of granulosa cells. Furthermore, our research reveals a noteworthy decline in the expression of Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in aging Prdx4-/- mice, especially the functional trimer, due to impaired disulfide bond formation. Contrarily, the overexpression of PRDX4 facilitated the maintenance of protein homeostasis, mitigated ER stress, and consequently elevated E2 levels in a simulated KGN cell aging model. Additionally, the overexpression of PRDX4 restored the expression of the correct spatial conformation of FSHR, the functional trimer. In summary, our research reveals the significant contribution of PRDX4 in delaying ovarian aging, presenting a novel and promising therapeutic target for ovarian aging from the perspective of endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuru Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wangjuan Dai
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaoyi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yutian Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengjie Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Meng
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, The Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhang KH, Zhang FF, Zhang ZL, Fang KF, Sun WX, Kong N, Wu M, Liu HO, Liu Y, Li Z, Cai QQ, Wang Y, Wei QW, Lin PC, Lin Y, Xu W, Xu CJ, Yuan YY, Zhao SM. Follicle stimulating hormone controls granulosa cell glutamine synthesis to regulate ovulation. Protein Cell 2024; 15:512-529. [PMID: 38167949 PMCID: PMC11214834 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Inadequate understanding of the ovulation drivers hinders PCOS intervention. Herein, we report that follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) controls follicular fluid (FF) glutamine levels to determine ovulation. Murine ovulation starts from FF-exposing granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis. FF glutamine, which decreases in pre-ovulation porcine FF, elevates in PCOS patients FF. High-glutamine chow to elevate FF glutamine inhibits mouse GC apoptosis and induces hormonal, metabolic, and morphologic PCOS traits. Mechanistically, follicle-development-driving FSH promotes GC glutamine synthesis to elevate FF glutamine, which maintain follicle wall integrity by inhibiting GC apoptosis through inactivating ASK1-JNK apoptotic pathway. FSH and glutamine inhibit the rapture of cultured murine follicles. Glutamine removal or ASK1-JNK pathway activation with metformin or AT-101 reversed PCOS traits in PCOS models that are induced with either glutamine or EsR1-KO. These suggest that glutamine, FSH, and ASK1-JNK pathway are targetable to alleviate PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hui Zhang
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children’s Hospital), Jinan 250022, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhang
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ke-Fei Fang
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wen-Xing Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Na Kong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Min Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hai-Ou Liu
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhi Li
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Qing-Qing Cai
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Quan-Wei Wei
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Lin
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China
| | - Yan Lin
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Xu
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cong-Jian Xu
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Yuan
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Min Zhao
- The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling, and Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China
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Qin Y, Wen C, Hu B, Wu H. Investigating the potential role of α-SNAP in preventing chemotherapy-induced ovarian dysfunction: Insights from cellular and animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32802. [PMID: 38994045 PMCID: PMC11237948 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (PI3K/Akt/mTORC1) pathway plays a crucial role in the activation of primordial follicles. However, excessive activation and the loss of primordial follicles can lead to ovarian dysfunction. The alpha-soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein (α-SNAP) protein has been implicated in PI3K/Akt/mTORCl signaling, suggesting its potential involvement in follicle activation. Thus, this study aimed to explore the role of α-SNAP in the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway and its ability to mitigate the effects of cisplatin on ovarian function, using both in vitro and in vivo models. Methods We transfected KGN human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting α-SNAP to investigate the effects of α-SNAP inhibition on GC proliferation and apoptosis, as well as on the activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway. In a mouse model, α-SNAP siRNA was delivered via an adeno-associated virus before treatment with cisplatin to assess its effects on follicle activation and ovarian function. Follicle counts at various growth stages, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted to detect the expression of cleaved caspase-3, Ki67, α-SNAP, and p-mTOR. Additionally, the serum concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In vitro, α-SNAP depletion prevented GC proliferation by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway, thereby indicating its role in the regulation of cell growth. In vivo, α-SNAP knockdown attenuated the cisplatin-induced overactivation of primordial follicles by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway and partially restoring AMH levels. In addition, the expression and distribution patterns of cleaved caspase-3, Ki67, α-SNAP, and p-mTOR varied across different follicular growth stages, suggesting a protective effect against chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage. Conclusions Inhibiting α-SNAP may attenuate GC proliferation by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway, thereby mitigating the overactivation and loss of primordial follicles induced by cisplatin. Targeting α-SNAP may emerge as a novel strategy to prevent ovarian damage resulting from chemotherapy. However, these conclusions warrant repeated testing, and the mechanistic underpinnings of α-SNAP must be further elucidated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, China
| | - Canliang Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, China
| | - Bilan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, China
| | - Huijiao Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, China
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Wang X, Rowan-Carroll A, Meier MJ, Yauk CL, Wade MG, Robaire B, Hales BF. House dust-derived mixtures of organophosphate esters alter the phenotype, function, transcriptome, and lipidome of KGN human ovarian granulosa cells. Toxicol Sci 2024; 200:95-113. [PMID: 38603619 PMCID: PMC11199920 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs), used as flame retardants and plasticizers, are present ubiquitously in the environment. Previous studies suggest that exposure to OPEs is detrimental to female fertility in humans. However, no experimental information is available on the effects of OPE mixtures on ovarian granulosa cells, which play essential roles in female reproduction. We used high-content imaging to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant OPE mixtures on KGN human granulosa cell phenotypes. Perturbations to steroidogenesis were assessed using ELISA and qRT-PCR. A high-throughput transcriptomic approach, TempO-Seq, was used to identify transcriptional changes in a targeted panel of genes. Effects on lipid homeostasis were explored using a cholesterol assay and global lipidomic profiling. OPE mixtures altered multiple phenotypic features of KGN cells, with triaryl OPEs in the mixture showing higher potencies than other mixture components. The mixtures increased basal production of steroid hormones; this was mediated by significant changes in the expression of critical transcripts involved in steroidogenesis. Further, the total-OPE mixture disrupted cholesterol homeostasis and the composition of intracellular lipid droplets. Exposure to complex mixtures of OPEs, similar to those found in house dust, may adversely affect female reproductive health by altering a multitude of phenotypic and functional endpoints in granulosa cells. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of actions underlying the toxicity induced by OPEs and highlights the need to examine the effects of human relevant chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Andrea Rowan-Carroll
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 9A7, Canada
| | - Michael G Wade
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Serra L, Estienne A, Bongrani A, Ramé C, Caria G, Froger C, Jolivet C, Henriot A, Amalric L, Corbin E, Guérif F, Froment P, Dupont J. The epoxiconazole and tebuconazole fungicides impair granulosa cells functions partly through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signalling with contrasted effects in obese, normo-weight and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:65-81. [PMID: 38259722 PMCID: PMC10801249 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), frequently associated to obesity, is the main reproductive disorder in women in age to procreate. Some evidence suggests that pesticides can result in alterations of the female reproductive system, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Here, we detected two fungicides, Tebuconazole (Tb) and Epoxiconazole (Epox) in the soils and waters of French area. Our hypothesis is that these two triazoles could be associated to the etiology of PCOS. We used the human KGN cell line and primary human granulosa cells (hGCs) from different group of patients: normal weight non PCOS (NW), normal weight PCOS (PCOS NW), obese (obese) and obese PCOS (PCOS obese). We exposed in vitro these cells to Tb and Epox from 0 up to 10 mM for 24 and 48 h and analysed cell viability and steroidogenesis. In hGCs NW, cell viability was reduced from 12.5 µM for Tb and 75 µM for Epox. In hGCs NW, Epox decreased progesterone (Pg) and estradiol (E2) secretions and inhibited STAR, HSD3B and CYP19A1 mRNA expressions from 25 µM and increased AHR mRNA expression from 75 µM. Tb exposure also reduced steroid secretion and STAR and CYP19A1 mRNA expressions and increased AHR mRNA expression but at cytotoxic concentrations. Silencing of AHR in KGN cells reduced inhibitory effects of Tb and Epox on steroid secretion. Tb and Epox exposure decreased more steroid secretion in hGCs from obese, PCOS NW and PCOS obese groups than in NW group. Moreover, we found a higher gene expression of AHR within these three groups. Taken together, both Epox and Tb reduced steroidogenesis in hGCs through partly AHR and Tb was more cytotoxic than Epox. These triazoles alter more strongly PCOS and/or obese hGCs suggesting that human with reproductive disorders are more sensitive to triazoles exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loise Serra
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Anthony Estienne
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Bongrani
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Giovanni Caria
- INRAE, Laboratoire d'Analyses des Sols, 273, rue de Cambrai, 62000 Arras, France
| | - Claire Froger
- INRAE Orléans - US 1106, Unité INFOSOL, Orléans, France
| | | | - Abel Henriot
- Division Laboratoires, BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurence Amalric
- Division Laboratoires, BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Corbin
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Fabrice Guérif
- Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU de Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
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Liang Y, Shi Y, Guo R, Xu C, Fu M, Shen J, Gao X, Li W, Qin K. Wine- and stir-frying processing of Cuscutae Semen enhance its ability to alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Keap 1-Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/AKT pathways in H 2O 2-challenged KGN human granulosa cell line. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:189. [PMID: 38750475 PMCID: PMC11094956 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuscutae Semen (CS) has been prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for millennia as an aging inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent, a pain reliever, and an aphrodisiac. Its three main forms include crude Cuscutae Semen (CCS), wine-processed CS (WCS), and stir-frying-processed CS (SFCS). Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a globally occurring medical condition. The present work sought a highly efficacious multi-target therapeutic approach against POI with minimal side effects. Finally, it analyzed the relative differences among CCS, WCS and SFCS in terms of their therapeutic efficacy and modes of action against H2O2-challenged KGN human granulosa cell line. METHODS In this study, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Q-ExactiveTM Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (MS), oxidative stress indices, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), real-time PCR, Western blotting, and molecular docking were used to investigate the protective effect of CCS, WCS and SFCS on KGN cells oxidative stress and apoptosis mechanisms. RESULTS The results confirmed that pretreatment with CCS, WCS and SFCS reduced H2O2-induced oxidative damage, accompanied by declining ROS levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in the KGN cells. CCS, WCS and SFCS upregulated the expression of antioxidative levels (GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, SOD, T-AOC),mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the relative mRNA(Nrf2, Keap1, NQO-1, HO-1, SOD-1, CAT). They inhibited apoptosis by upregulating Bcl-2, downregulating Bax, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3, and lowering the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. They also exerted antioxidant efficacy by partially activating the PI3K/Akt and Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present work demonstrated the inhibitory efficacy of CCS, WCS and SFCS against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in KGN cells and showed that the associated mechanisms included Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 activation, P-PI3K upregulation, and P-Akt-mediated PI3K-Akt pathway induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yun Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Changli Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi Jiangsu, 221400, China
| | - Mian Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jinyang Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xun Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Weidong Li
- Engineering Research Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Kunming Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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7
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Yang L, He Z, Hu L, Tang H, Geng Y, Tan Q, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Wu W, Gu H, Liu X. Ti 3C 2 nanosheet-induced autophagy derails ovarian functions. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:242. [PMID: 38735936 PMCID: PMC11089700 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two-dimensional ultrathin Ti3C2 (MXene) nanosheets have gained significant attention in various biomedical applications. Although previous studies have described the accumulation and associated damage of Ti3C2 nanosheets in the testes and placenta. However, it is currently unclear whether Ti3C2 nanosheets can be translocated to the ovaries and cause ovarian damage, thereby impairing ovarian functions. RESULTS We established a mouse model with different doses (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg bw/d) of Ti3C2 nanosheets injected intravenously for three days. We demonstrated that Ti3C2 nanosheets can enter the ovaries and were internalized by granulosa cells, leading to a decrease in the number of primary, secondary and antral follicles. Furthermore, the decrease in follicles is closely associated with higher levels of FSH and LH, as well as increased level of E2 and P4, and decreased level of T in mouse ovary. In further studies, we found that exposure toTi3C2 nanosheets increased the levels of Beclin1, ATG5, and the ratio of LC3II/Ι, leading to autophagy activation. Additionally, the level of P62 increased, resulting in autophagic flux blockade. Ti3C2 nanosheets can activate autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, with oxidative stress playing an important role in this process. Therefore, we chose the ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN cells) for in vitro validation of the impact of autophagy on the hormone secretion capability. The inhibition of autophagy initiation by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) promoted smooth autophagic flow, thereby partially reduced the secretion of estradiol and progesterone by KGN cells; Whereas blocking autophagic flux by Rapamycin (RAPA) further exacerbated the secretion of estradiol and progesterone in cells. CONCLUSION Ti3C2 nanosheet-induced increased secretion of hormones in the ovary is mediated through the activation of autophagy and impairment of autophagic flux, which disrupts normal follicular development. These results imply that autophagy dysfunction may be one of the underlying mechanisms of Ti3C2-induced damage to ovarian granulosa cells. Our findings further reveal the mechanism of female reproductive toxicity induced by Ti3C2 nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiting He
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Le Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yixian Wen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, 3rd Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Huayan Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
- Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Box 197, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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8
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Zhang Y, Li X, Liu R, Huang X, Yang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Sun J, Bai W. Protective effect of bioactive components from Rubi fructus against oxidative damage in human ovarian granulosa cells induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4425-4437. [PMID: 38349056 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diminished ovarian reserve has a serious impact on female reproduction with an increasing incidence every year. An important cause of this is oxidative stress. Rubi fructus, a traditional medicinal and edible plant, has shown therapeutic effects against gynecological diseases. Vanillic acid, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, oleanolic acid, tormentic acid, tiliroside, and ellagic acid are the major bioactive components in R. fructus. However, studies involved in the effectiveness and mechanism of these components in oxidative stress-induced ovarian dysfunction are scarce. RESULTS In this study, the protective mechanisms of the bioactive components were evaluated in human ovarian granulosa cells. Isoquercitrin was significantly superior to other bioactive components in relieving damage in human ovarian granulosa cells induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, considering enhanced cell viability, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, and improved mitochondrial membrane potential level. Isoquercitrin protected human ovarian granulosa cells from oxidative stress by regulating the enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase, inhibiting cell apoptosis, improving the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, and ameliorating heme oxygenase 1 protein expression. CONCLUSION Isoquercitrin, a bioactive component in R. fructus, has a significant protective effect on oxidative damage induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride in human ovarian granulosa cells, providing evidence for its potential application in protecting ovarian function. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruijing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ying Zhang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Herman L, Amo A, Legois B, Di Carlo C, Veitia RA, Todeschini AL. A cellular model provides insights into the pathogenicity of the oncogenic FOXL2 somatic variant p.Cys134Trp. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1453-1462. [PMID: 38429437 PMCID: PMC11059147 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FOXL2 is a transcription factor expressed in ovarian granulosa cells. A somatic variant of FOXL2 (c.402 C > G, p.Cys134Trp) is the hallmark of adult-type granulosa cell tumours. METHODS We generated KGN cell clones either heterozygous for this variant (MUT) or homozygous for the wild-type (WT) allele by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. They underwent RNA-Seq and bioinformatics analyses to uncover pathways impacted by deregulated genes. Cell morphology and migration were studied. RESULTS The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WT/MUT and WT/WT KGN cells (DEGs-WT/MUT), pointed to several dysregulated pathways, like TGF-beta pathway, cell adhesion and migration. Consistently, WT/MUT cells were rounder than WT/WT cells and displayed a different distribution of stress fibres and paxillin staining. A comparison of the DEGs-WT/MUT with those found when FOXL2 was knocked down (KD) in WT/WT KGN cells showed that most DEGs-WT/MUT cells were not so in the KD experiment, supporting a gain-of-function (GOF) scenario. MUT-FOXL2 also displayed a stronger interaction with SMAD3. CONCLUSIONS Our work, aiming at better understanding the GOF scenario, shows that the dysregulated genes and pathways are consistent with this idea. Besides, we propose that GOF might result from an enhanced interaction with SMAD3 that could underlie an ectopic capacity of mutated FOXL2 to bind SMAD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Herman
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Angélique Amo
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Berangère Legois
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | | | - Reiner A Veitia
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, Paris, France
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10
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Wang W, Zhou C, Ma Z, Zeng L, Wang H, Cheng X, Zhang C, Xue Y, Yuan Y, Li J, Hu L, Huang J, Luo T, Zheng L. Co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and triclosan induces synergistic cytotoxicity in human KGN granulosa cells by promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116121. [PMID: 38402792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoplastics (NPs) and triclosan (TCS, a pharmaceutical and personal care product) have emerged as environmental pollution issues, and their combined presence has raised widespread concern regarding potential risks to organisms. However, the combined toxicity and mechanisms of NPs and TCS remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of polystyrene NPs and TCS and their mechanisms on KGN cells, a human ovarian granulosa cell line. We exposed KGN cells to NPs (150 μg/mL) and TCS (15 μM) alone or together for 24 hours. Co-exposure significantly reduced cell viability. Compared with exposure to NPs or TCS alone, co-exposure increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Interestingly, co-exposure to NPs and TCS produced synergistic effects. We examined the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), two antioxidant enzymes; it was significantly decreased after co-exposure. We also noted an increase in the lipid oxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) after co-exposure. Furthermore, co-exposure to NPs and TCS had a more detrimental effect on mitochondrial function than the individual treatments. Co-exposure activated the NRF2-KEAP1-HO-1 antioxidant stress pathway. Surprisingly, the expression of SESTRIN2, an antioxidant protein, was inhibited by co-exposure treatments. Co-exposure to NPs and TCS significantly increased the autophagy-related proteins LC3B-II and LC3B-Ⅰ and decreased P62. Moreover, co-exposure enhanced CASPASE-3 expression and inhibited the BCL-2/BAX ratio. In summary, our study revealed the synergistic toxic effects of NPs and TCS in vitro exposure. Our findings provide insight into the toxic mechanisms associated with co-exposure to NPs and TCS to KGN cells by inducing oxidative stress, activations of the NRF2-KEAP1-HO-1 pathway, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencan Wang
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhangqiang Ma
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lianjie Zeng
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Houpeng Wang
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Cheng
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xue
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Basic Medical College and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Basic Medical College and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Liaoliao Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Basic Medical College and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China.
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11
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Dong S, Jiang S, Hou B, Li Y, Sun B, Guo Y, Deng M, Liu D, Liu G. miR-128-3p Regulates Follicular Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis by Targeting the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2720. [PMID: 38473968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) affect follicle development and reproductive disorders, with microRNAs playing a crucial regulatory role. Previous studies have shown the differential expression of miR-128-3p at different stages of goat follicle development, which suggests its potential regulatory role in follicle development. In this study, through the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, the EDU assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and the dual-luciferase reporter assay, we used immortal human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line (KGN) cells as materials to investigate the effects of miR-128-3p and its predicted target gene growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) on GC proliferation and apoptosis. The results show that overexpression of miR-128-3p inhibited the proliferation of KGN cells, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) while promoting that of Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX). The dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-128-3p bound to the 3' untranslated region sequence of GHSR, which resulted in the inhibited expression of GHSR protein. Investigation of the effects of GHSR on GC proliferation and apoptosis revealed that GHSR overexpression promoted the expression of PCNA and BCL2, enhanced GC proliferation, and inhibited cell apoptosis, whereas the opposite effects were observed when GHSR expression was inhibited. In addition, miR-128-3p and GHSR can influence the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 protein. In conclusion, miR-128-3p inhibits KGN cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by downregulating the expression of the GHSR gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucan Dong
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shengwei Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Biwei Hou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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12
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Liu J, Li J, Wu X, Zhang M, Yan G, Sun H, Li D. High levels of fatty acid-binding protein 5 excessively enhances fatty acid synthesis and proliferation of granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:44. [PMID: 38373971 PMCID: PMC10875862 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most complex endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. Abnormal proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs) is an important cause of PCOS. This study aimed to explore the role of fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) in granulosa cell (GC) proliferation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. METHODS The FABP5 gene, which is related to lipid metabolism, was identified through data analysis of the gene expression profiles of GSE138518 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression levels of FABP5 were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated with a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of the proliferation marker PCNA, and immunofluorescence microscopy was used to detect Ki67 expression. Moreover, lipid droplet formation was detected with Nile red staining, and qRT‒PCR was used to analyze fatty acid storage-related gene expression. RESULTS We found that FABP5 was upregulated in ovarian GCs obtained from PCOS patients and PCOS mice. FABP5 knockdown suppressed lipid droplet formation and proliferation in a human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN), whereas FABP5 overexpression significantly enhanced lipid droplet formation and KGN cell proliferation. Moreover, we determined that FABP5 knockdown inhibited PI3K-AKT signaling by suppressing AKT phosphorylation and that FABP5 overexpression activated PI3K-AKT signaling by facilitating AKT phosphorylation. Finally, we used the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 and found that the facilitation of KGN cell proliferation and lipid droplet formation induced by FABP5 overexpression was inhibited. In contrast, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway agonist SC79 significantly rescued the suppression of KGN cell proliferation and lipid droplet formation caused by FABP5 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS FABP5 promotes active fatty acid synthesis and excessive proliferation of GCs by activating PI3K-AKT signaling, suggesting that abnormally high expression of FABP5 in GCs may be a novel biomarker or a research target for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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Ju W, Zhao S, Wu H, Yu Y, Li Y, Liu D, Lian F, Xiang S. miR-6881-3p contributes to diminished ovarian reserve by regulating granulosa cell apoptosis by targeting SMAD4. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:17. [PMID: 38297261 PMCID: PMC10832098 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous investigation, we revealed a significant increase in the expression of microRNA-6881-3p (miR-6881-3p) in follicular fluid granulosa cells (GCs) from women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) compared to those with normal ovarian reserve (NOR). However, the role of miR-6881-3p in the development of DOR remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of miR-6881-3p in the regulation of granulosa cells (GCs) function and the pathogenesis of DOR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, we assessed the expression levels of miR-6881-3p in GCs obtained from human follicular fluid in both NOR and DOR cases and explored the correlation between miR-6881-3p expression and clinical outcomes in assisted reproduction technology (ART). Bioinformatic predictions and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify the target gene of miR-6881-3p. Manipulation of miR-6881-3p expression was achieved through the transfection of KGN cells with miR-6881-3p mimics, inhibitor, and miRNA negative control (NC). Following transfection, we assessed granulosa cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression via flow cytometry and quantified target gene expression through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) analysis. Finally, we examined the correlation between target gene expression levels in GCs from NOR and DOR patients and their association with ART outcomes. RESULTS Our findings revealed elevated miR-6881-3p levels in GCs from DOR patients, which negatively correlated with ovarian reserve function and ART outcomes. We identified a direct binding interaction between miR-6881-3p and the 3'-untranslated region of the SMAD4. Transfection with miR-6881-3p mimics induced apoptosis in KGN cell. Furthermore, miR-6881-3p expression negatively correlated with both mRNA and protein levels of the SMAD4. The mRNA and protein levels of SMAD4 were notably reduced in GCs from DOR patients, and SMAD4 mRNA expression positively correlated with ART outcomes. In addition, the mRNA levels of FSHR, CYP11A1 were notably reduced after transfection with miR-6881-3p mimics in KGN cell, while LHCGR notably increased. The mRNA and protein levels of FSHR, CYP11A1 were notably reduced in GCs from DOR patients, while LHCGR notably increased. CONCLUSION This study underscores the role of miR-6881-3p in directly targeting SMAD4 mRNA, subsequently diminishing granulosa cell viability and promoting apoptosis, and may affect steroid hormone regulation and gonadotropin signal reception in GCs. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of DOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Ju
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haicui Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Danqi Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Lian
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Shan Xiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Li C, Fu C, He T, Liu Z, Zhou J, Wu G, Liu H, Shen M. FSH preserves the viability of hypoxic granulosa cells via activating the HIF-1α-GAS6-Axl-Akt pathway. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31162. [PMID: 37994152 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The developmental fate of ovarian follicles is primarily determined by the survival status (proliferation or apoptosis) of granulosa cells (GCs). Owing to the avascular environment within follicles, GCs are believed to live in a hypoxic niche. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has been reported to improve GCs survival by governing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-dependent hypoxia response, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) is a secreted ligand of tyrosine kinase receptors, and has been documented to facilitate tumor growth. Here, we showed that the level of GAS6 was markedly increased in mouse ovarian GCs after the injection of FSH. Specifically, FSH-induced GAS6 expression was accompanied by HIF-1α accumulation under conditions of hypoxia both in vivo and in vitro, whereas inhibition of HIF-1α with small interfering RNAs/antagonist repressed both expression and secretion of GAS6. As such, Luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that HIF-1α directly bound to a hypoxia response element site within the Gas6 promoter and contributed to the regulation of GAS6 expression in response to FSH. Notably, blockage of GAS6 and/or its receptor Axl abrogated the pro-survival effects of FSH under hypoxia. Moreover, phosphorylation of Axl by GAS6 is required for FSH-mediated Akt activation and the resultant pro-survival phenotypes. Finally, the in vitro findings were verified in vivo, which showed that FSH-induced proliferative and antiapoptotic effects in ovarian GCs were diminished after blocking GAS6/Axl using HIF-1α antagonist. These findings highlight a novel function of FSH in preserving GCs viability against hypoxic stress by activating the HIF-1a-GAS6-Axl-Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Li
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Fu
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong He
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Wang T, Zhang Z, Qu C, Song W, Li M, Shao X, Fukuda T, Gu J, Taniguchi N, Li W. Core fucosylation regulates the ovarian response via FSH receptor during follicular development. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00038-9. [PMID: 38280716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian low response to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) causes infertility featuring hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, ovarian failure, and/or defective ovarian response. OBJECTIVES N-glycosylation is essential for FSH receptor (FSHR). Core fucosylation catalyzed by fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) is the most common N-glycosylation. Core fucosylation level changes between individuals and plays important roles in multiple physiological and pathological conditions. This study aims to elucidate the significance of FUT8 to modulate FSHR function in female fertility. METHODS Samples from patients classified as poor ovary responders (PORs) were detected with lectin blot and real-time PCR. Fut8 gene knockout (Fut8-/-) mice and FUT8-knockdown human granulosa cell line (KGN-KD) were established and in vitro fertilization (IVF) assay, western blot, molecular interaction, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation were applied. RESULTS Core fucosylation is indispensable for oocyte and follicular development. FSHR is a highly core-fucosylated glycoprotein. Loss of core fucosylation suppressed binding of FSHR to FSH, and attenuated FSHR downstream signaling in granulosa cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the downregulation of several transcripts crucial for oocyte meiotic progression and preimplantation development in Fut8-/- mice and in POR patients. Furthermore, loss of FUT8 inhibited the interaction between granulosa cells and oocytes, reduced transzonal projection (TZP) formation and caused poor developmental competence of oocytes after fertilization in vitro. While L-fucose administration increased the core fucosylation of FSHR, and its sensitivity to FSH. CONCLUSION This study first reveals a significant presence of core fucosylation in female fertility control. Decreased fucosylation on FSHR reduces the interaction of FSH-FSHR and subsequent signaling, which is a feature of the POR patients. Our results suggest that core fucosylation controls oocyte and follicular development via the FSH/FSHR pathway and is essential for female fertility in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Changduo Qu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Wanli Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shao
- Medical Center for Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dalian Municipal Women and Children's Medical Center, 878 Xibei Road, Gezhenbao Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116037, China
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuoku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China.
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Chen J, Lin C, Huang X, Bian W. Baicalin enhances proliferation and reduces inflammatory-oxidative stress effect in H 2O 2-induced granulosa cells apoptosis via USP48 protein regulation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:42. [PMID: 38245760 PMCID: PMC10799411 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation can lead to apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), resulting in ovulation disorders and infertility. Baicalin (BAI) promotes cell proliferation and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms by which BAI treatment affects oxidative stress and inflammation in GCs remain incompletely understood. METHODS KGN cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to analyze the effect of oxidative stress on GCs in vitro. Subsequently, H2O2-stimulated KGN cells were treated with BAI. The levels of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD were measured using an activity assay kit. The levels of MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Proliferation, apoptosis, and mRNA and protein levels were measured using the CCK8, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. RESULTS H2O2 treatment inhibited KGN cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, accompanied by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. BAI promoted proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in H2O2-stimulated KGN cells. BAI treatment promoted USP48 protein expression, and USP48 knockdown abrogated the protective effects of BAI, indicating that USP48 is a downstream mediator of BAI. CONCLUSION BAI treatment enhanced cell proliferation and ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation by enhancing USP48 protein expression. BAI, which is used clinically and as a dietary supplement, may alleviate oxidative stress-induced GC injury and ovarian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Chuhua Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xiurong Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Gaspari L, Haouzi D, Gennetier A, Granes G, Soler A, Sultan C, Paris F, Hamamah S. Transgenerational Transmission of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Effects in Human Granulosa Cells: The Role of MicroRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1144. [PMID: 38256218 PMCID: PMC10816780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) might contribute to the increase in female-specific cancers in Western countries. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is considered the "prototypical toxicant" to study EDCs' effects on reproductive health. Epigenetic regulation by small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNA), is crucial for controlling cancer development. The aim of this study was to analyze transcriptional activity and sncRNA expression changes in the KGN cell line after acute (3 h) and chronic (72 h) exposure to 10 nM TCDD in order to determine whether sncRNAs' deregulation may contribute to transmitting TCDD effects to the subsequent cell generations (day 9 and day 14 after chronic exposure). Using Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 4.0 arrays, 109 sncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed (fold change < -2 or >2; p-value < 0.05) between cells exposed or not (control) to TCDD for 3 h and 72 h and on day 9 and day 14 after chronic exposure. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis predicted that following the acute and chronic exposure of KGN cells, sncRNAs linked to cellular development, growth and proliferation were downregulated, and those linked to cancer promotion were upregulated on day 9 and day 14. These results indicated that TCDD-induced sncRNA dysregulation may have transgenerational cancer-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gaspari
- Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France; (L.G.); (C.S.)
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares du Développement Génital, Constitutif Sud, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
| | - Delphine Haouzi
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
- Département de Biologie de la Reproduction et DPI (ART/PGD), Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Gennetier
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
| | - Gaby Granes
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
| | - Alexandra Soler
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
- Global ART Innovation Network (GAIN), 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Sultan
- Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France; (L.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Françoise Paris
- Unité d’Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France; (L.G.); (C.S.)
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares du Développement Génital, Constitutif Sud, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
| | - Samir Hamamah
- INSERM U 1203, Développement Embryonnaire Fertilité Environnement, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France (A.S.)
- Département de Biologie de la Reproduction et DPI (ART/PGD), Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
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Liu B, Jia Q, Hong IS, Dang X, Wu Z, Wang H, Cheng JC, Fang L. TGF-β1 and TGF-β3, but not TGF-β2, are upregulated in the ovaries of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:116-129. [PMID: 37801702 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a life-threatening and potentially fatal complication during in vitro fertilization treatment. The levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are upregulated in human follicular fluid and granulosa-lutein cells (hGL) of OHSS patients and could contribute to the development of OHSS by downregulating steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression. However, whether the same is true for the other two members of the TGF-β family, TGF-β2 and -β3, remains unknown. We showed that all three TGF-β isoforms were expressed in human follicular fluid. In comparison, TGF-β1 was expressed at the highest level, followed by TGF-β2 and TGF-β3. Compared to non-OHSS patients, follicular fluid levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 were significantly upregulated in OHSS patients. The same results were observed in mRNA levels of TGF-β isoforms in hGL cells and ovaries of OHSS rats. In addition, StAR mRNA levels were upregulated in hGL cells of OHSS patients and the ovaries of OHSS rats. Treatment cells with TGF-β isoforms downregulated the StAR expression with a comparable effect. Moreover, activations of SMAD3 signaling were required for TGF-β isoforms-induced downregulation of StAR expression. This study indicates that follicular fluid TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 levels could be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the OHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqun Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiongqiong Jia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan Dang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu B, Liu L, Sulaiman Z, Wang C, Wang L, Zhu J, Liu S, Cheng Z. Comprehensive analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network and key genes in granulosa cells of patients with biochemical primary ovarian insufficiency. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:15-29. [PMID: 37847421 PMCID: PMC10789704 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common condition leading to the pathological decline of ovarian function in women of reproductive age, resulting in amenorrhea, hypogonadism, and infertility. Biochemical premature ovarian insufficiency (bPOI) is an intermediate stage in the pathogenesis of POI in which the fertility of patients has been reduced. Previous studies suggest that granulosa cells (GCs) play an essential role in the pathogenesis of POI, but their pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. To further explore the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of GCs in POI, we constructed a molecular long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) network using GC expression data collected from biochemical premature ovarian failure (bPOI) patients in the GEO database. We discovered that the GCs of bPOI patients had differential expression of 131 mRNAs, 191 lncRNAs, and 28 miRNAs. By systematic network analysis, we identified six key genes, including SRSF1, PDIA5, NEURL1B, UNK, CELF2, and CFL2, and five hub miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-27a-3p, hsa-miR-24-3p, hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-129-5p, and hsa-miR-17-5p, and the results suggest that the expression of these key genes may be regulated by two hub miRNAs, hsa-miR-27a-3p and hsa-miR-17-5p. Additionally, a POI model in vitro was created to confirm the expression of a few important genes. In this study, we discovered a unique lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on the ceRNA mechanism in bPOI for the first time, and we screened important associated molecules, providing a partial theoretical foundation to better understand the pathogenesis of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zubaidan Sulaiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jihui Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shupeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Zhongping Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Wu Q, Chen M, Li Y, Zhao X, Fan C, Dai Y. Paeoniflorin Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Diminished Ovarian Reserve by Restoring the Function of Ovarian Granulosa Cells via Activating FSHR/cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:8123. [PMID: 38138611 PMCID: PMC10745843 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PAE) is the main active compound of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (a valuable traditional Chinese medicine and a dietary supplement) and exerts beneficial effects on female reproductive function. However, the actions of PAE on diminished ovarian reserve (DOR, a very common ovarian function disorder) are still unclear. Herein, our study investigated the effect and potential mechanism of PAE on DOR by using cisplatin-induced DOR mice and functional impairment of estradiol (E2) synthesis of ovarian granulosa-like KGN cells. Our data show that PAE improved the estrous cycle, ovarian index, and serum hormones levels, including E2, and the number of antral follicles and corpora lutea in DOR mice. Further mechanism results reveal that PAE promoted aromatase expression (the key rate-limiting enzyme for E2 synthesis) and upregulated the FSHR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in the ovaries. Subsequently, PAE improved the levels of E2 and aromatase and activated the FSHR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in KGN cells, while these improving actions were inhibited by the siRNA-FSHR and FSHR antagonist treatments. In sum, PAE restored the function of E2 synthesis in ovarian granulosa cells to improve DOR by activating the FSHR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway, which exhibited a new clue for the development of effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of DOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchang Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Q.W.); (M.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Miao Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Q.W.); (M.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yao Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Q.W.); (M.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiangyun Zhao
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain’s Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
| | - Cailian Fan
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain’s Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
| | - Yi Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Q.W.); (M.C.); (Y.L.)
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Park JE, Lee SG, Lee SJ, Yu WJ, Kim JM. Downregulation of the Expression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein and Aromatase in Steroidogenic KGN Human Granulosa Cells after Exposure to Bisphenol A. Dev Reprod 2023; 27:185-193. [PMID: 38292236 PMCID: PMC10824569 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2023.27.4.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between BPA exposure and female reproductive disorders have been suggested through many studies, the precise biochemical and molecular mechanism(s) by which BPA interferes with steroidogenesis in the ovarian cells still remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to discover the steroidogenic biomarker(s) associated with BPA treatment in human granulosa cell line, KGN. In this study, our results obtained via the analysis of steroidogenesis-related protein expression in KGN cells using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analyses revealed that the expression levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and aromatase decreased considerably and gradually after BPA treatment in a dose-dependent manner under BPA treatment. Further, remarkable decreases in their expression levels at the cellular levels were also confirmed via immunocytochemistry, and subsequent StAR and aromatase mRNA expression levels showed profiles similar to those observed for their proteins, i.e., both StAR and aromatase mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased under BPA treatment at concentrations ≥0.1 μM. We observed that follicle stimulating hormone upregulated StAR and aromatase protein expression levels; however, this effect was suppressed in the presence of BPA. Regarding the steroidogenic effects of BPA on KGN cells, controversies remain regarding the ultimate outcomes. Nevertheless, we believe that the results here presented imply that KGN cells have a good cellular and steroidogenic machinery for evaluating endocrine disruption. Therefore, StAR and aromatase could be stable and sensitive biomarkers in KGN cells for the cellular screening of the potential risk posed by exogenous and environmental chemicals to female reproductive (endocrine) function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Park
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan
49201, Korea
| | - Seung Gee Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan
49201, Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology
Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology,
Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Wook-Joon Yu
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology
Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology,
Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan
49201, Korea
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Liu L, Li X, Chen Y, Li YZ, Liu Z, Duan Y, Chen Y. Interleukin-22 promotes proliferation and reverses LPS-induced apoptosis and steroidogenesis attenuation in human ovarian granulosa cells: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2253347. [PMID: 37661176 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2253347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin 22 (IL-22) plays a role in inflammatory diseases. However, whether IL-22 affects the function of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) and its relationship with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the level of IL-22 in human follicular fluid using ELISA. The expression and localization of the IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1) in GCs were investigated by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The proliferation of KGN cells (human GCs line) was assessed by CCK-8 assay and EdU assay after treatment with recombinant human IL-22 (rhIL-22) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Apoptotic proteins and steroidogenic genes were detected by western blotting. RESULTS ELISA's results showed that compared with the control group, PCOS patients showed lower expression of IL-22 in follicular fluid. Immunofluorescence showed that IL-22R1 is expressed and localized in human granulosa cell membranes. IL-22 promoted cell proliferation and reversed LPS-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. IL-22 alone did not affect apoptotic or steroidogenic protein expression, however, it reversed LPS-induced apoptosis via downregulation of Bcl-2, upregulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and restoration of LPS-downregulated StAR, CYP11A1, and CYP19A1 expression. Western blotting confirmed that IL-22 activated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling. CONCLUSION IL-22 promotes cell proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and regulates KGN cell steroidogenesis confronted with LPS, and decreased IL-22 may be involved in the development of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhe Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhan Duan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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23
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Lee DH, Park H, You JH, Seok J, Kwon DW, Kim YR, Kim GJ. Increased IGFBP2 Levels by Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Glucose Metabolism in a TAA-Injured Rat Model via AMPK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16531. [PMID: 38003735 PMCID: PMC10671765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin resistance caused by impaired glucose metabolism induces ovarian dysfunction due to the central importance of glucose as a source of energy. However, the research on glucose metabolism in the ovaries is still lacking. The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of PD-MSCs on glucose metabolism through IGFBP2-AMPK signaling and to investigate the correlation between glucose metabolism and ovarian function. Thioacetamide (TAA) was used to construct a rat injury model. PD-MSCs were transplanted into the tail vein (2 × 106) 8 weeks after the experiment started. The expression of the IGFBP2 gene and glucose metabolism factors (e.g., AMPK, GLUT4) was significantly increased in the PD-MSC group compared to the nontransplantation (NTx) group (* p < 0.05). The levels of follicular development markers and the sex hormones AMH, FSH, and E2 were also higher than those in the TAA group. Using ex vivo cocultivation, the mRNA and protein expression of IGFBP2, AMPK, and GLUT4 were significantly increased in the cocultivation with the PD-MSCs group and the recombinant protein-treated group (* p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the increased IGFBP2 levels by PD-MSCs play an important role in glucose metabolism and ovarian function through the IGFBP2-AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Bioinspired Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.L.); (H.P.); (J.-H.Y.); (D.-W.K.)
- PLABiologics Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13522, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Park
- Department of Bioinspired Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.L.); (H.P.); (J.-H.Y.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Jun-Hyeong You
- Department of Bioinspired Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.L.); (H.P.); (J.-H.Y.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Jin Seok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841A. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dong-Wook Kwon
- Department of Bioinspired Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.L.); (H.P.); (J.-H.Y.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Young-Ran Kim
- Department of Obstetics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gi-Jin Kim
- Department of Bioinspired Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.L.); (H.P.); (J.-H.Y.); (D.-W.K.)
- PLABiologics Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13522, Republic of Korea
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24
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Kurowska P, Dawid M, Oprocha J, Respekta N, Serra L, Estienne A, Pawlicki P, Kotula-Balak M, Guérif F, Dupont J, Rak A. Spexin role in human granulosa cells physiology and PCOS: expression and negative impact on steroidogenesis and proliferation†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:705-719. [PMID: 37658762 PMCID: PMC10651070 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spexin (SPX) is a novel neuropeptide and adipokine negatively correlated with obesity and insulin resistance. A recent study investigated expression and regulatory function of SPX in the hypothalamus and pituitary; however, the effect on ovarian function is still unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of SPX and its receptors, galanin receptors 2 and 3 (GALR2/3), in the human ovary and to study its in vitro effect on granulosa cells (GC) function. Follicular fluid (FF) and GC were obtained from normal weight and obese healthy and diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women. Expression of SPX and GALR2/3 in the ovary was studied by qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The level of SPX in FF was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The in vitro effect of recombinant human SPX on GC proliferation, steroidogenesis, and signaling pathways (MAP3/1, STAT3, AKT, PKA) was analyzed. Moreover, GC proliferation and estradiol (E2) secretion were measured with and without an siRNA against GALR2/3 and pharmacological inhibition of the above kinases. The results showed that both the SPX concentration in FF and its gene expression were decreased in GC of obese and PCOS women, while the protein expression of GALR2/3 was increased. We noted that SPX reduced GC proliferation and steroidogenesis; these effects were mediated by GALR2/3 and kinases MAP3/1, AKT, and STAT3 for proliferation or kinases MAP3/1 and PKA for E2 secretion. The obtained data clearly documented that SPX is a novel regulator of human ovarian physiology and possibly plays a role in PCOS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Julia Oprocha
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Loïse Serra
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Anthony Estienne
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Piotr Pawlicki
- Center of Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kotula-Balak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Preclinical Sciences, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Fabrice Guérif
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
- Reproductive Medicine and Biology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Joelle Dupont
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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25
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Wang X, Rowan-Carroll A, Meier MJ, Williams A, Yauk CL, Hales BF, Robaire B. Toxicological Mechanisms and Potencies of Organophosphate Esters in KGN Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells as Revealed by High-throughput Transcriptomics. Toxicol Sci 2023; 197:kfad114. [PMID: 37941476 PMCID: PMC10823774 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing number of studies reporting potential risks associated with exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs), their molecular mechanisms of action remain poorly defined. We used the high-throughput TempO-Seq™ platform to investigate the effects of frequently detected OPEs on the expression of ∼3000 environmentally responsive genes in KGN human ovarian granulosa cells. Cells were exposed for 48 h to one of five OPEs (0.1 to 50 μM): tris(methylphenyl) phosphate (TMPP), isopropylated triphenyl phosphate (IPPP), tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (BPDP), triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), or tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP). The sequencing data indicate that four OPEs induced transcriptional changes, whereas TBOEP had no effect within the concentration range tested. Multiple pathway databases were used to predict alterations in biological processes based on differentially expressed genes. At lower concentrations, inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway was the predominant effect of OPEs; this was likely a consequence of intracellular cholesterol accumulation. At higher concentrations, BPDP and TPHP had distinct effects, primarily affecting pathways involved in cell cycle progression and other stress responses. Benchmark concentration (BMC) modelling revealed that BPDP had the lowest transcriptomic point of departure. However, in vitro to in vivo extrapolation modeling indicated that TMPP was bioactive at lower concentrations than the other OPEs. We conclude that these new approach methodologies provide information on the mechanism(s) underlying the effects of data-poor compounds and assist in the derivation of protective points of departure for use in chemical read-across and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Andrea Rowan-Carroll
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K2K 0K9, Canada
| | - Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K2K 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K2K 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 9A7, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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26
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Zhang H, Wang S, Chen Y, Li J, Zhai Y, Tang Y, Li H, Sang J, Wang H, Lv J, Ge RS. Carbon chain length of perfluoroalkylated carboxylic acids determines inhibitory strength on gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in humans, rats, and mice. Toxicol Lett 2023; 389:45-58. [PMID: 37871704 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkylated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) are a subclass of man-made chemicals that have been widely used in industrial production and consumer products. As a result, PFCAs have been found to accumulate in the environment and bioaccumulate in organisms, leading to potential health and environmental impacts. This study investigated the inhibition of 11 PFCAs on gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in humans, rats, and mice. We observed a V-shaped inhibition pattern against human granulosa (KGN) cell 3β-HSD2 starting from C9 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, 100.8 μM) to C11 (8.92 μM), with a V-shaped turn. The same V-shaped inhibition pattern was also observed for PFCAs against rat testicular 3β-HSD1 from C9 (IC50, 50.43 μM) to C11 (6.60 μM). Mouse gonadal 3β-HSD6 was insensitive to the inhibition of PFCAs, with an IC50 of 50.43 μM for C11. All of these PFCAs were mixed inhibitors of gonadal 3β-HSDs. Docking analysis showed that PFCAs bind to the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/steroid binding sites of these enzymes and bivariate correlation analysis showed that molecular length determines the inhibitory pattern of PFCAs on these enzymes. In conclusion, the carbon chain length determines the inhibitory strength of PFCAs on human, rat, and mouse gonadal 3β-HSDs, and the inhibitory strength of PFCAs against human and rat 3β-HSD enzymes shows V-shaped turn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yingna Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jianmin Sang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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27
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Serra L, Estienne A, Caria G, Ramé C, Jolivet C, Froger C, Henriot A, Amalric L, Guérif F, Froment P, Dupont J. In vitro exposure to triazoles used as fungicides impairs human granulosa cells steroidogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104295. [PMID: 37852555 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Triazoles are the main components of fungicides used in conventional agriculture. Some data suggests that they may be endocrine disruptors. Here, we found five triazoles, prothioconazole, metconazole, difenoconazole, tetraconazole, and cyproconazole, in soil or water from the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. We then studied their effects from 0.001 µM to 1000 µM for 48 h on the steroidogenesis and cytotoxicity of ovarian cells from patients in this region and the human granulosa line KGN. In addition, the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) nuclear receptor in KGN cells was studied. Overall, all triazoles reduced the secretion of progesterone, estradiol, or both at doses that were non-cytotoxic but higher than those found in the environment. This was mainly associated, depending on the triazole, with a decrease in the expression of CYP51, STAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, or HSD3B proteins, or a combination thereof, in hGCs and KGN cells and an increase in AHR in KGN cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïse Serra
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Anthony Estienne
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Giovanni Caria
- INRAE, Laboratoire d'Analyses des Sols, 273, rue de Cambrai, 62000 Arras, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Claire Froger
- INRAE Orléans - US 1106, Unité INFOSOL, Orléans, France
| | - Abel Henriot
- Division Laboratoires, BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurence Amalric
- Division Laboratoires, BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans Cedex 2, France
| | - Fabrice Guérif
- Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU de Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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28
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Liu D, Guan X, Liu W, Jia Y, Zhou H, Xi C, Zhao M, Fang Y, Wu L, Li K. Identification of transcriptome characteristics of granulosa cells and the possible role of UBE2C in the pathogenesis of premature ovarian insufficiency. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:203. [PMID: 37848988 PMCID: PMC10580542 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is an important cause of infertility characterized by the functional decline of the ovary. Granulosa cells (GCs) around oocytes are critical for folliculogenesis, and GC dysfunction is one of the important etiologies of POI. The aim of this study was to explore the potential biomarkers of POI by identifying hub genes and analyze the correlation of biomarkers with immune infiltration in POI using RNA profiling and bioinformatics analysis. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed on GCs from biochemical POI (bPOI) patients and controls. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to explore the candidate genes. qRT‒PCR was performed to verify the expression of hub genes. Western blot, Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling) and flow cytometry analysis were used to validate the possible role of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) in POI. CIBERSORT was adopted to explore immune cell infiltration and the correlation between UBE2C and immune cells in bPOI. RESULTS Through analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and WGCNA, we obtained 143 candidate genes. After construction of the protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network and analysis with Cytoscape, 10 hub genes, including UBE2C, PBK, BUB1, CDC20, NUSAP1, CENPA, CCNB2, TOP2A, AURKB, and FOXM1, were identified and verified by qRT‒PCR. Subsequently, UBE2C was chosen as a possible biomarker of POI because knockdown of UBE2C could inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of GCs. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that monocytes and M1 macrophages may be associated with the pathogenesis of POI. In addition, UBE2C was negatively correlated with monocytes and M1 macrophages in POI. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a hub gene in GCs that might be important in the pathogenesis of POI and revealed the key role of UBE2C in driving POI. Immune infiltration may be highly related with the onset and etiology of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Jia
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Chenxiang Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Kunming Li
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China.
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29
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Yang Z, Wu S, He S, Han L, Zhou M, Yang J, Chen J, Wu G. LncRNA AOC4P impacts the differentiation of macrophages and T-lymphocyte by regulating the NF-κB pathways of KGN cells: Potential pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13776. [PMID: 37766402 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disease, which is an important cause of female infertility worldwide. PCOS patients are in a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, and immune imbalance is considered as a potential cause of its pathogenesis. METHODS The expression of AOC4P in PCOS and normal ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. KGN cells were induced by dihydrotestosterone at 500 ng/mL to construct the PCOS model. After lentivirus-infected, KGN cells were constructed with AOC4P overexpression cell lines, the proliferation and apoptosis levels of KGN cells in AOC4P and NC groups were detected. Human monocyte cell line (THP-1)-derived macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were co-cultured with KGN cells for 48 h, respectively, and the differentiation of macrophages and CD4+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS Decreased AOC4P expression was found in PCOS patients. After constructing the PCOS cell model, we observed that overexpression of AOC4P promoted KGN cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. After co-culture with AOC4P overexpressed KGN cells, M1 macrophages decreased, M2 macrophages increased, T helper cells type 1 (Th1)/Th2 ratio increased, and regulatory T cell (Treg) cells increased. Finally, we found that AOC4P inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB) pathway in KGN cells. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that AOC4P regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of P65, thereby affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of GCs, altering the differentiation of macrophages and T cells, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojing He
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengxiang Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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30
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Tsai YR, Liao YN, Kang HY. Current Advances in Cellular Approaches for Pathophysiology and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Cells 2023; 12:2189. [PMID: 37681921 PMCID: PMC10487183 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent gynecological and endocrine disorder that results in irregular menstruation, incomplete follicular development, disrupted ovulation, and reduced fertility rates among affected women of reproductive age. While these symptoms can be managed through appropriate medication and lifestyle interventions, both etiology and treatment options remain limited. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in cellular approaches utilized for investigating the pathophysiology of PCOS through in vitro cell models, to avoid the confounding systemic effects such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy. The primary objective is to enhance the understanding of abnormalities in PCOS-associated folliculogenesis, particularly focusing on the aberrant roles of granulosa cells and other relevant cell types. Furthermore, this article encompasses analyses of the mechanisms and signaling pathways, microRNA expression and target genes altered in PCOS, and explores the pharmacological approaches considered as potential treatments. By summarizing the aforementioned key findings, this article not only allows us to appreciate the value of using in vitro cell models, but also provides guidance for selecting suitable research models to facilitate the identification of potential treatments and understand the pathophysiology of PCOS at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- An-Ten Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yo Kang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Center for Hormone and Reproductive Medicine Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan
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Aoyagi C, Tanaka T, Haga N, Yanase T, Kodama S. Differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells into steroidogenic cells by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of NR5A1 and implantation into adrenal insufficient mice. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:866-876. [PMID: 37149799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Cell therapy for adrenal insufficiency is a potential method for physiological glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement. We have previously shown that mouse mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) differentiated into steroidogenic cells by the viral vector-mediated overexpression of nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 (NR5A1), an essential regulator of steroidogenesis, and their implantation extended the survival of bilateral adrenalectomized (bADX) mice. METHODS In this study, we examined the capability of NR5A1-induced steroidogenic cells prepared from human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (MSC [AT]) and the therapeutic effect of the implantation of human NR5A1-induced steroidogenic cells into immunodeficient bADX mice. RESULTS Human NR5A1-induced steroidogenic cells secreted adrenal and gonadal steroids and exhibited responsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone and angiotensin II in vitro. In vivo, the survival time of bADX mice implanted with NR5A1-induced steroidogenic cells was significantly prolonged compared with that of bADX mice implanted with control MSC (AT). Serum cortisol levels, which indicate hormone secretion from the graft, were detected in bADX mice implanted with steroidogenic cells. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report to demonstrate steroid replacement by the implantation of steroid-producing cells derived from human MSC (AT). These results indicate the potential of human MSC (AT) to be a source of steroid hormone-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikao Aoyagi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Shohta Kodama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Yamamoto K, Nakano Y, Iwata N, Soejima Y, Suyama A, Hasegawa T, Otsuka F. Stimulatory effects of vasopressin on progesterone production and BMP signaling by ovarian granulosa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:132-137. [PMID: 37224632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on ovarian steroid production and its functional relationship to the ovarian bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) system. The results showed that AVP treatment significantly increased gonadotropin- and forskolin-induced progesterone synthesis by primary culture of rat granulosa cells and human granulosa cells, respectively. In contrast, estradiol production was not significantly affected by AVP. Treatment with AVP significantly increased forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis by human granulosa cells and mRNA levels of the progesterogenic enzymes CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 in the cells. On the other hand, AVP also enhanced BMP-15-induced phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/9 and ID1 transcription. It was further revealed that the expression levels of BMP receptors, including ALK3, ALK6 and BMPR2, were upregulated by AVP. Collectively, the results indicate that AVP stimulates progesterone production via the cAMP-PKA pathway with upregulation of BMP signaling that inhibits progesterone production, which may lead to fine adjustment of progesterone biosynthesis by granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Yamamoto
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nahoko Iwata
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Soejima
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Suyama
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Yang JP, Ullah A, Su YN, Otoo A, Adu-Gyamfi EA, Feng Q, Wang YX, Wang MJ, Ding YB. Glycyrrhizin ameliorates impaired glucose metabolism and ovarian dysfunction in a polycystic ovary syndrome mouse model. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:83-96. [PMID: 37115805 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of glycyrrhizin, an inhibitor of high mobility group box 1, on glucose metabolic disorders and ovarian dysfunction in mice with polycystic ovary syndrome. We generated a polycystic ovary syndrome mouse model by using dehydroepiandrosterone plus high-fat diet. Glycyrrhizin (100 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into the polycystic ovary syndrome mice and the effects on body weight, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, estrous cycle, hormone profiles, ovarian pathology, glucolipid metabolism, and some molecular mechanisms were investigated. Increased number of cystic follicles, hormonal disorders, impaired glucose tolerance, and decreased insulin sensitivity in the polycystic ovary syndrome mice were reverted by glycyrrhizin. The increased high mobility group box 1 levels in the serum and ovarian tissues of the polycystic ovary syndrome mice were also reduced by glycyrrhizin. Furthermore, increased expressions of toll-like receptor 9, myeloid differentiation factor 88, and nuclear factor kappa B as well as reduced expressions of insulin receptor, phosphorylated protein kinase B, and glucose transporter type 4 were restored by glycyrrhizin in the polycystic ovary syndrome mice. Glycyrrhizin could suppress the polycystic ovary syndrome-induced upregulation of high mobility group box 1, several inflammatory marker genes, and the toll-like receptor 9/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor kappa B pathways, while inhibiting the insulin receptor/phosphorylated protein kinase B/glucose transporter type 4 pathways. Hence, glycyrrhizin is a promising therapeutic agent against polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Pu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Amin Ullah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Nan Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Antonia Otoo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Qian Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei-Jiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Bin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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Dang X, Fang L, Jia Q, Wu Z, Guo Y, Liu B, Cheng JC, Sun YP. TGF-β1 upregulates secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine expression in human granulosa-lutein cells: a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:101. [PMID: 37158892 PMCID: PMC10165787 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The upregulation of ovarian transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is involved in the development of OHSS. The secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a secreted multifunctional matricellular glycoprotein. Although the regulatory effects of TGF-β1 on SPARC expression have been reported, whether TGF-β1 regulates SPARC expression in the human ovary remains unknown. In addition, the role of SPARC in the pathogenesis of OHSS is unclear. METHODS A steroidogenic human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line, KGN, and primary culture of human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells obtained from patients undergoing IVF treatment were used as experimental models. OHSS was induced in rats, and ovaries were collected. Follicular fluid samples were collected from 39 OHSS and 35 non-OHSS patients during oocyte retrieval. The underlying molecular mechanisms mediating the effect of TGF-β1 on SPARC expression were explored by a series of in vitro experiments. RESULTS TGF-β1 upregulated SPARC expression in both KGN and hGL cells. The stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 on SPARC expression was mediated by SMAD3 but not SMAD2. The transcription factors, Snail and Slug, were induced in response to the TGF-β1 treatment. However, only Slug was required for the TGF-β1-induced SPARC expression. Conversely, we found that the knockdown of SPARC decreased Slug expression. Our results also revealed that SPARC was upregulated in the OHSS rat ovaries and in the follicular fluid of OHSS patients. Knockdown of SPARC attenuated the TGF-β1-stimulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aromatase, two markers of OHSS. Moreover, the knockdown of SPARC reduced TGF-β1 signaling by downregulating SMAD4 expression. CONCLUSIONS By illustrating the potential physiological and pathological roles of TGF-β1 in the regulation of SPARC in hGL cells, our results may serve to improve current strategies used to treat clinical infertility and OHSS. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Dang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiongqiong Jia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanjie Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Boqun Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Palak E, Lebiedzinska W, Lupu O, Pulawska K, Anisimowicz S, Mieczkowska AN, Sztachelska M, Niklinska GN, Milewska G, Lukasiewicz M, Ponikwicka-Tyszko D, Huhtaniemi I, Wolczynski S. Molecular insights underlying the adverse effects of bisphenol A on gonadal somatic cells' steroidogenic activity. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100766. [PMID: 37084542 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure may impair gonadal steroidogenesis, although the underlying mechanism is not well known. Hereby, we assessed BPA action on human primary granulosa (hGC) and mouse Leydig cells (BLTK-1) proliferation, cytotoxicity, hormone secretion, and steroidogenic enzyme/receptor gene profile. hGC and BLTK-1 cells were stimulated with increasing concentrations of BPA (10-12 M to 10-4 M for cell proliferation assay, 10-8 M to 10-4 M for LDH-cytotoxicity assay, and 10-9 M to 10-5 M for hormone secretion and genes expression analysis). BPA at low concentrations (pM - nM) did not affect cell proliferation in either cell type, although was toxic at higher (µM) concentrations. BPA stimulation at low nM concentrations decreased the production of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in BLTK-1, E2, and progesterone in hGCs. BPA down-regulated Star, Cyp11a1, and Hsd17b3, but up-regulated Cyp19a1, Esr1, Esr2, and Gpr30 expression in BLTK-1 cells. In hGC, BPA down-regulated STAR, CYP19A1, PGRMC1, and PAQR7 but up-regulated ESR2 expression. Estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant (FULV) attenuated BPA inhibition of hormone production in both cell lines. FULV also blocked the BPA-induced Gpr30 up-regulation in BLTK-1 cells, whereas in hGC, failed to reverse the down-regulation of PGRMC1, STAR, and CYP19A1. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into environmentally-relevant doses of BPA action through both nuclear estrogen receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms affecting cultured granulosa and Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Palak
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Weronika Lebiedzinska
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Oana Lupu
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Aleksandra N Mieczkowska
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Maria Sztachelska
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Gabriela Milewska
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Lukasiewicz
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Ilpo Huhtaniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Slawomir Wolczynski
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
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Li X, Wu X, Ma T, Zhang Y, Sun P, Qi D, Ma H. Protective effect of L‑carnitine against oxidative stress injury in human ovarian granulosa cells. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:161. [PMID: 36936706 PMCID: PMC10015319 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) are important for supporting and nourishing oocytes during follicular development and maturation. Oxidative stress (OS) injury of GCs can lead to decreased responsiveness of follicles to follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), which will accelerate ovarian senescence and adversely affect oocyte and embryo quality. Since L-carnitine has been previously reported to exert strong antioxidant activity, the present study aimed to explore the possible effects of L-carnitine on OS injury and FSH receptor (FSHR) expression in ovarian GCs, results of which may be of significance for GCs protection. In the present study, OS was induced in vitro in KGN cells by treatment with H2O2. KGN cells were cultured and divided into the following four groups: Blank, OS, and 40 and 80 µmol/l L-carnitine pre-treatment groups. In the OS group, cells showed nuclear pyknosis, mitochondria swelled irregularly whilst featuring fractured cristae. In addition, cell viability, ROS levels, superoxide dismutase levels, glutathione levels, malondialdehyde levels, the mitochondrial membrane potential and FSHR expression, as determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 2,7-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein diacetate, spectrophotometry, ELISA, spectrophotometry, JC-1 and western blot analyses, respectively, were all significantly different in the OS group compared with those in the control group. However, malonaldehyde levels, reactive oxygen species levels and the apoptosis rate according to flow cytometry were all significantly increased compared with those in the control. Compared with those in the OS group, the morphology of cells and mitochondria in the L-carnitine pre-treatment groups were improved, whilst cell viability and the expression of FSHR were significantly increased but oxidative stress injury was decreased. The present results suggest that L-carnitine can protect the cells from OS damage induced by H2O2, enhance antioxidant activity whilst suppressing the apoptosis of GCs, in addition to preserving FSHR expression in GCs under OS. Therefore, the present study revealed that the introduction of L-carnitine in clinical medicine or dietary supplement may protect GCs, improve follicular quality and female reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yuemin Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Qi
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Huagang Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Huagang Ma, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Kuiwen, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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Sudhakaran G, Babu SR, Mahendra H, Arockiaraj J. Updated experimental cellular models to study polycystic ovarian syndrome. Life Sci 2023; 322:121672. [PMID: 37028548 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) develops due to hormonal imbalance and hyperandrogenism. Animal models are widely used to study PCOS because they mimic essential characteristics of human PCOS; however, the pathogenesis of PCOS remains unclear. Different sources of novel drugs are currently being screened as therapeutic strategies to alleviate PCOS and its symptoms. Simplified cell line in-vitro models could be preliminarily used to screen the bioactivity of various drugs. This review describes different cell line models focusing on the PCOS condition and its complications. Therefore, the bioactivity of the drugs could be preliminarily screened in a cell line model before moving to higher animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Sudhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sarvesh Ramesh Babu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hridai Mahendra
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Wan W, Miao Y, Niu Y, Zhu K, Ma Y, Pan M, Ma B, Wei Q. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium exerts anti-tumor effects on KGN cells in a cell density-dependent manner through activation of the Hippo pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:46. [PMID: 36941685 PMCID: PMC10029233 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conditioned medium from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs-CM) provides a new cell-free therapy for tumors due to its unique secretome. However, there are many contradictory reports about the effect of UCMSCs-CM on tumor cells. The loss of contact inhibition is a common characteristic of tumor cells. A relationship between the effect of UCMSCs-CM on tumor cells and contact inhibition in tumor cells is rarely concerned. Whether the effect of UCMSCs-CM on tumor cells is affected by cell density? Here, we explored the effect of UCMSCs-CM on granulosa tumor cell line (KGN) cells at low or high density. METHODS Growth curve and CCK8 assay were used to assess cell proliferation and viability. Scratch wound and matrigel invasion assay were implicated to detect cell motility of KGN cells. UCMSCs-CM effects on cell cycle, apoptosis and pathway-related proteins were investigated by flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis respectively. RESULTS In growth curve analysis, before KGN cells proliferated into confluence, UCMSCs-CM had no effect on cell proliferation. However, once the cells proliferate to contact each other, UCMSCs-CM significantly inhibited proliferation. Meanwhile, when KGN cells were implanted at high density, UCMSCs-CM could induce cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, inhibit cell migration, invasion and promote apoptosis. While it had no similar effect on KGN cells implanted at low density. In mechanism, the UCMSCs-CM treatment activated the Hippo pathway when KGN cells were implanted at high density. Consistently, the MST1/2 inhibitor, XMU-MP-1, inhibited the activation of the Hippo pathway induced by UCMSCs-CM treatment and accordingly declined the anti-tumor effect of UCMSCs-CM on KGN cells. CONCLUSIONS The effect of UCMSCs-CM on tumor cells is affected by cell density. UCMSCs-CM exerted anti-tumor effect on KGN cells by activating Hippo pathway to restore contact inhibition. Our results suggest that UCMSCs-CM is a promising therapeutic candidate for GCT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuwei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kunyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingwan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Menghao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baohua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Yan MQ, Wang Y, Wang Z, Liu XH, Yang YM, Duan XY, Sun H, Liu XM. Mitoguardin2 Is Associated With Hyperandrogenism and Regulates Steroidogenesis in Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad034. [PMID: 36936714 PMCID: PMC10016062 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries, in which hyperandrogenism manifests by excess androgen and other steroid hormone abnormalities. Mitochondrial fusion is essential in steroidogenesis, while the role of mitochondrial fusion in granulosa cells of hyperandrogenic PCOS patients remains unclear. In this study, mRNA expression of mitochondrial fusion genes mitoguardin1, -2 (MIGA 1, -2) was significantly increased in granulosa cells of hyperandrogenic PCOS but not PCOS with normal androgen levels, their mRNA expression positively correlated with testosterone levels. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment in mice led to high expression of MIGA2 in granulosa cells of ovulating follicles. Testosterone or forskolin/ phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatments increased expression of MIGA2 and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in KGN cells. MIGA2 interacted with StAR and induced StAR localization on mitochondria. Furthermore, MIGA2 overexpression significantly increased cAMP-activated protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) at T172 but inhibited StAR protein expression. However, MIGA2 overexpression increased CYP11A1, HSD3B2, and CYP19A1 mRNA expression. As a result, MIGA2 overexpression decreased progesterone but increased estradiol synthesis. Besides the androgen receptor, testosterone or DHT might also regulate MIGA2 and pAMPK (T172) through LH/choriogonadotropin receptor-mediated PKA signaling. Taken together, these findings indicate that testosterone regulates MIGA2 via PKA/AMP-activated protein kinase signaling in ovarian granulosa cells. It is suggested mitochondrial fusion in ovarian granulosa cells is associated with hyperandrogenism and potentially leads to abnormal steroidogenesis in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhao Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Department of Infection Control, Jen Ching Memorial Hospital, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Yu-Meng Yang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Duan
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xiao-Man Liu
- Correspondence: Xiao-Man Liu, PhD, Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 544 Jingsi Rd, Jinan, China 250021.
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40
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Liu F, Li M. BNIP3-mediated autophagy via the mTOR/ULK1 pathway induces primordial follicle loss after ovarian tissue transplantation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:491-508. [PMID: 36869237 PMCID: PMC10033815 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the underlying mechanism of primordial follicle loss in the early period following ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT). METHODS BNIP3 was selected through bioinformatic protocols, as the hub gene related to autophagy during OTT. BNIP3 and autophagy in mice ovarian grafts and in hypoxia-mimicking KGN cells were detected using immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blotting, qPCR, and fluorescence staining. The regulatory role played by BNIP3 overexpression and the silencing of KGN cells in autophagy via the mTOR/ULK1 pathway was investigated. RESULTS Ultrastructure examination showed that autophagic vacuoles increased after mice ovarian auto-transplantation. The BNIP3 and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1, LC3B, and SQSTM1/p62) in mice ovarian granulosa cells of primordial follicle from ovarian grafts were altered compared with the control. Administration of an autophagy inhibitor in mice decreased the depletion of primordial follicles. In vitro experiments indicated that BNIP3 and autophagy activity were upregulated in KGN cells treated with cobalt chloride (CoCl2). The overexpression of BNIP3 activated autophagy, whereas the silencing of BNIP3 suppressed it and reversed the autophagy induced by CoCl2 in KGN cells. Western blotting analysis showed the inhibition of mTOR and activation of ULK1 in KGN cells treated with CoCl2 and in the overexpression of BNIP3, and the opposite results following BNIP3 silencing. The activation of mTOR reversed the autophagy induced by BNIP3 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS BNIP3-induced autophagy is crucial in primordial follicle loss during OTT procedure, and BNIP3 is a potential therapeutic target for primordial follicle loss after OTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Mujun Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
- Department of the Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
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41
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Yamamoto K, Nakano Y, Iwata N, Soejima Y, Suyama A, Hasegawa T, Otsuka F. Oxytocin enhances progesterone production with upregulation of BMP-15 activity by granulosa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 646:103-109. [PMID: 36708595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the reproductive role of oxytocin (OXT) in ovarian steroidogenesis and its functional interaction with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), the effects of OXT on ovarian steroidogenesis were investigated by utilizing primary culture of rat granulosa cells and human granulosa KGN cells. Here we revealed that the OXT receptor was expressed in both rat and human granulosa cells and that OXT treatment significantly increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- and forskolin (FSK)-induced progesterone production, but not estradiol production, by rat and human granulosa cells, respectively. In accordance with the effects of OXT on progesterone production, OXT enhanced mRNA expression of CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 induced by FSK in human granulosa cells. Of note, OXT enhanced the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/9 and the transcription of ID1 induced by BMP-15, but not those induced by BMP-6, in human granulosa cells. It was also revealed that OXT treatment upregulated the expression of BMPR2, a crucial type-II receptor of BMP-15, and enhanced the BMP-15-induced expression of inhibitory SMAD6 by human granulosa cells. Collectively, it was shown that OXT accelerates ovarian progesterone synthesis with upregulation of BMP-15 activity, leading to a fine-tuning of ovarian steroidogenesis (186 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Yamamoto
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nahoko Iwata
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Soejima
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Suyama
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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42
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Pierson Smela MD, Kramme CC, Fortuna PRJ, Adams JL, Su R, Dong E, Kobayashi M, Brixi G, Kavirayuni VS, Tysinger E, Kohman RE, Shioda T, Chatterjee P, Church GM. Directed differentiation of human iPSCs to functional ovarian granulosa-like cells via transcription factor overexpression. eLife 2023; 12:e83291. [PMID: 36803359 PMCID: PMC9943069 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An in vitro model of human ovarian follicles would greatly benefit the study of female reproduction. Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and several types of somatic cells. Among these, granulosa cells play a key role in follicle formation and support for oogenesis. Whereas efficient protocols exist for generating human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), a method of generating granulosa cells has been elusive. Here, we report that simultaneous overexpression of two transcription factors (TFs) can direct the differentiation of hiPSCs to granulosa-like cells. We elucidate the regulatory effects of several granulosa-related TFs and establish that overexpression of NR5A1 and either RUNX1 or RUNX2 is sufficient to generate granulosa-like cells. Our granulosa-like cells have transcriptomes similar to human fetal ovarian cells and recapitulate key ovarian phenotypes including follicle formation and steroidogenesis. When aggregated with hPGCLCs, our cells form ovary-like organoids (ovaroids) and support hPGCLC development from the premigratory to the gonadal stage as measured by induction of DAZL expression. This model system will provide unique opportunities for studying human ovarian biology and may enable the development of therapies for female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrick D Pierson Smela
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Christian C Kramme
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Patrick RJ Fortuna
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jessica L Adams
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Rui Su
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Edward Dong
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Mutsumi Kobayashi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownUnited States
| | - Garyk Brixi
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
- Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
| | - Venkata Srikar Kavirayuni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
- Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
| | - Emma Tysinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
- Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
| | - Richie E Kohman
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Toshi Shioda
- Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownUnited States
| | - Pranam Chatterjee
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
- Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDurhamUnited States
| | - George M Church
- Wyss Institute, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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43
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Ji R, Jia F, Chen X, Gao Y, Yang J. Carnosol inhibits KGN cells oxidative stress and apoptosis and attenuates polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes in mice through Keap1-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 activation. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1405-1421. [PMID: 36786429 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells lead to abnormal follicular development and ovulation disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Carnosol is a plant-derived polyphenol that has been proven to exhibit several cell protective effects. In this study, we established hyperandrogenic PCOS models both in vitro and in vivo. In the human ovarian granulosa cell line, KGN cells, decreased viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis induced by DHT were partly reversed by carnosol. Western blotting results showed that carnosol treatment inhibited the DHT-activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Knockdown of Nrf2 by transfecting with siRNA or inhibiting HO-1 by zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) blocked the protective effects of carnosol. Computational modeling and pull-down assay results confirmed the direct binding of carnosol to kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). In vivo results showed that the intraperitoneal administration of carnosol (50 and 100 mg/kg) improved estrous cycle disorders, polycystic ovary, and decreased elevated androgen in the PCOS mice. In summary, Carnosol has an effective role in inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis in DHT-treated KGN cells and protecting against mouse PCOS phenotypes through the Keap1-mediated activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ji
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Ascientific Research Platform, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangyuan Jia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China.,Department of Aortic Surgery, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Ascientific Research Platform, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Ascientific Research Platform, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Ascientific Research Platform, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
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44
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Fang L, Sun YP, Cheng JC. The role of amphiregulin in ovarian function and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:60. [PMID: 36749397 PMCID: PMC11071807 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Amphiregulin (AREG) is an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor that binds exclusively to the EGF receptor (EGFR). Treatment with luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin dramatically induces the expression of AREG in the granulosa cells of the preovulatory follicle. In addition, AREG is the most abundant EGFR ligand in human follicular fluid. Therefore, AREG is considered a predominant propagator that mediates LH surge-regulated ovarian functions in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. In addition to the well-characterized stimulatory effect of LH on AREG expression, recent studies discovered that several local factors and epigenetic modifications participate in the regulation of ovarian AREG expression. Moreover, aberrant expression of AREG has recently been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of several ovarian diseases, such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and epithelial ovarian cancer. Furthermore, increasing evidence has elucidated new applications of AREG in assisted reproductive technology. Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of AREG in female reproductive health and disease. Understanding the normal and pathological roles of AREG and elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AREG regulation of ovarian functions will inform innovative approaches for fertility regulation and the prevention and treatment of ovarian diseases. Therefore, this review summarizes the functional roles of AREG in ovarian function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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45
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Dang X, Fang L, Zhang Q, Liu B, Cheng JC, Sun YP. AREG upregulates secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine expression in human granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 561:111826. [PMID: 36462647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a secreted glycoprotein and the expression of ovarian SPARC peaks during ovulation and luteinization. Besides, SPARC expression was induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in rat granulosa cells. Amphiregulin (AREG) is the most abundant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand expressed in human granulosa cells and follicular fluid. AREG mediates the physiological functions of luteinizing hormone (LH)/hCG in the ovary. However, to date, the biological function of SPARC in the human ovary remains undetermined, and whether AREG regulates SPARC expression in human granulosa cells is unknown. In this study, we show that AREG upregulated SPARC expression via EGFR in a human granulosa-like tumor cell line, KGN. Treatment of AREG activated ERK1/2, JNK, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and all of them were required for the AREG-induced SPARC expression. Using RNA-sequencing, we identified that steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) was a downstream target gene of SPARC. In addition, we demonstrated that SPARC mRNA levels were positively correlated with the levels of StAR mRNA in the primary culture of human granulosa cells. Moreover, SPARC protein levels were positively correlated with progesterone levels in follicular fluid of in vitro fertilization patients. This study provides the regulatory role of AREG on the expression of SPARC and reveals the novel function of SPARC in progesterone production in granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Dang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Boqun Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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46
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Liang S, Li X, Liu R, Hu J, Li Y, Sun J, Bai W. Malvidin-3- O-Glucoside Ameliorates Cadmium-Mediated Cell Dysfunction in the Estradiol Generation of Human Granulosa Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030753. [PMID: 36771459 PMCID: PMC9921828 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a frequent environmental pollutant associated with biological toxicity that can harm female reproduction. Anthocyanins have been reported to reduce the toxicity of Cd. In the present study, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of malvidin-3-O-glucoside (M3G) against the toxicity of Cd on female reproduction in KGN cells (human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cells) were investigated. After treating cells with 10 µmol/L cadmium chloride, the results showed that M3G lessened Cd-induced KGN cell cytotoxicity better than malvidin and malvidin-3,5-O-diglucoside. Additionally, M3G significantly decreased the Cd-induced generation of reactive oxygen species, inhibited the Cd-induced arrest of the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and increased estradiol (E2) production. According to transcriptomic results, M3G reduced the abnormal expression of genes that responded to estrogen. Additionally, M3G promoted the endogenous synthesis and secretion of E2 by controlling the expression of CYP17A1 and HSD17B7. The current findings indicated that M3G is of great potential to prevent Cd-induced female reproductive impairment as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuer Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Dongguan 523576, China
| | - Ruijing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: author: (J.S.); (W.B.); Tel.: +86-150-13236805 (J.S.); +86-020-85226630 (W.B.)
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: author: (J.S.); (W.B.); Tel.: +86-150-13236805 (J.S.); +86-020-85226630 (W.B.)
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Pervaz S, Ullah A, Adu-Gyamfi EA, Lamptey J, Sah SK, Wang MJ, Wang YX. Role of CPXM1 in Impaired Glucose Metabolism and Ovarian Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:526-543. [PMID: 35697923 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common female endocrinopathy associated with both reproductive and metabolic disorders, has an unclear etiology and unsatisfactory management methods. Carboxypeptidase X, M14 family member 1 (CPXM1) is a protein involved in follicular atresia, insulin production, and adipose tissue production, though its role in PCOS is not fully understood. We used a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) plus dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mouse model to determine the role of CPXM1 in abnormal glucose metabolism and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. We found that serum CPXM1 concentrations were higher in PCOS mice and positively correlated with increased levels of serum testosterone and insulin. In both ovarian and adipose tissues of PCOS mice, CPXM1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased but GLUT4 levels were significantly decreased. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the ovary showed increased CPXM1 expression in PCOS. In addition, the protein expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) was also significantly decreased in PCOS mice. Furthermore, mRNA levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-γ were increased in ovarian and adipose tissues of PCOS mice. However, IRS-1, IRS-2, and INSR levels were significantly decreased. Our results indicated for the first time that abnormally high expression of CPXM1, increased adiposity, impaired glucose tolerance, and chronic low-grade inflammation may act together in a vicious cycle in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Our research suggests the possibility of CPXM1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Pervaz
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Ullah
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jones Lamptey
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanjay Kumar Sah
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Jiao Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuanLu Street No.1, YuZhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Wang M, Ponikwicka-Tyszko D, Ma W, Krentowska A, Kowalska I, Huhtaniemi I, Wolczynski S, Rahman NA, Li X. Role and mechanism of miR-335-5p in the pathogenesis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Transl Res 2023; 252:64-78. [PMID: 35931409 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder of unknown etiology that occurs in women of reproductive age. Despite being considered to affect up to one-fifth of women in this cohort, the condition lacks generally accepted diagnostic biomarkers and options for targeted therapy. Hereby, we analyzed the diagnostic, therapeutic, and functional potential of a recently discovered miR-335-5p that was observed to be reduced in the follicular fluid (FF) of PCOS patients as compared with healthy women. We found miR-335-5p to be significantly decreased in the serum and FF samples of PCOS patients (n = 40) vs healthy women (n = 30), as well as in primary human granulosa cells (hGCs), and in 3 different hormonally induced PCOS-like murine models vs. wild-type (WT) mice. The level of circulating miR-335-5p was found to significantly correlate with the impaired endocrine and clinical features associated with PCOS in human patients. Ovarian intrabursal injection of the miR-335-5p antagomir in WT mice ovaries induced a PCOS-like reproductive phenotype. Treatment with the miR-335-5p agomir rescued the dihydrotestosterone-induced PCOS-phenotype in mice, thereby providing a functional link between miR-335-5p and PCOS. We identified SP1 as a miR-335-5p target gene by using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Both the luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that SP1 bound to the promoter region of human CYP19A1 and inhibited its transcription. miR-335-5p increased the production of estradiol via the SP1/CYP19A1 axis in hGCs, thereby suggesting its mechanistic pathway of action. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that miR-335-5p may function as a mediator in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS, as well as has the potential as both a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab
| | - Mingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Krentowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ilpo Huhtaniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Slawomir Wolczynski
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15276, Poland
| | - Nafis A Rahman
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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49
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Pietrowski D, Grgic M, Haslinger I, Marschalek J, Schneeberger C. Co-cultivation of human granulosa cells with ovarian cancer cells leads to a significant increase in progesterone production. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 307:1593-1597. [PMID: 36651983 PMCID: PMC10110669 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-06914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In humans, granulosa cells (GCs) are part of the follicle and nourish the growing oocyte. GCs produce estrogen and, after ovulation, progesterone. They are embedded in a multicellular tissue structure of the ovary, which consists of a variety of different cell types that are essential for the physiological function of the ovary. However, the extent to which individual ovarian cell types contribute to overall functionality has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of co-culturing human granulosa cells with ovarian cancer cells on their progesterone and estrogen production in an in vitro model. METHODS After seeding, the cells were stimulated with 200 µM forskolin in DMEM for 72 h and the medium of the different cell culture experiments was collected. Subsequently, progesterone and oestradiol concentrations were determined using an Elisa assay. RESULTS Morphologically, it was striking that the cells self-organize and form spatially separated areas. Compared to culturing granulosa cells alone, co-culturing human granulosa cells together with the ovarian cancer cell line OvCar-3 resulted in a significant increase in progesterone production (20.3 ng/ml versus 50.2 ng/ml; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Using a simple in vitro model, we highlight the importance of cellular crosstalk between different ovarian cells in a complex cellular network and that it strongly influences granulosa cell hormone production. This could have potential implications for the procedure of transplanting endocrine tissues after cryopreservation, as it highlights the importance of survival of all cells for the functionality of the transplanted tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Pietrowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martina Grgic
- FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Haslinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Marschalek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schneeberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Liang A, Zhang W, Wang Q, Huang L, Zhang J, Ma D, Liu K, Li S, Chen X, Li S, Lei X. Resveratrol regulates insulin resistance to improve the glycolytic pathway by activating SIRT2 in PCOS granulosa cells. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1019562. [PMID: 36742000 PMCID: PMC9889872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1019562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Scope Insulin resistance (IR) has a close relationship with the main clinical manifestations of patients with PCOS; hence, the research and development of new drugs to treat PCOS by improving IR is a desiderate task at present. Resveratrol (RES) possesses a variety of beneficial pharmacological functions, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, regulating glucose, and lipid metabolism. However, whether RES could improve IR and the underlying mechanisms remained unclear in PCOS. Methods and results SD rats received a high-fat diet and letrozole for 30 days to establish the PCOS model and then intervened with RES for 30 days. The results demonstrated that RES played a protective role on the IR in PCOS rats, which significantly decreased the levels of blood glucose and serum insulin, up regulated the expression of IGF1R, and down regulated the expression of IGF1. In vitro, KGN cells were treated with insulin, RES, and AGK2, respectively. We found that a high dose of insulin (4μg/mL) significantly inhibited KGN cell viability, decreased the level of lactic acid, and increased the level of pyruvate, while RES (25μM) attenuated the growth-inhibitory effect, as well as increased the level of lactic acid and decreased the level of pyruvate after high levels of insulin treatment. Simultaneously, RES up regulated the expression level of the crucial rate-limiting enzymes relating to glycolytic pathways, such as LDHA, HK2, and PKM2. Furthermore, AGK2 remarkably inhibited the expression level of SIRT2, which was similar to the same negative effects processed by insulin. Meanwhile, RES overtly repaired the glycolysis process by reversing the levels of lactic acid and pyruvate, together with up regulating the expression level of LDHA, HK2, and PKM2, after AGK2 treatment. Conclusion RES could effectively improve insulin resistance and restore the glycolysis pathway by regulating SIRT2, which may contribute to attenuating the ovarian damage of PCOS rats and provide a potential treatment for patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Liang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China,Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenmao Zhang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lan'e Huang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Duo Ma
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Li
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China,Shan Li ✉
| | - Xiaocan Lei
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Xiaocan Lei ✉
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