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Ishikawa H, Goto Y, Hirooka C, Katayama E, Baba N, Kaneko M, Saito Y, Kobayashi T, Koga K. Role of inflammation and immune response in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids: Including their negative impact on reproductive outcomes. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 165:104317. [PMID: 39154624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs), the most common tumors in women of reproductive age, are characterized by sex steroid-dependent growth and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding UF smooth muscle cells. Women with symptomatic UFs experience heavy menstrual bleeding and consequent iron-deficiency anemia. They also have a risk of recurrent pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and cesarean delivery, indicating that UFs can negatively affect reproductive outcomes. Various types of immune cells, including innate and adaptive cells, are observed in UFs; however, the impact of these cells on the pathophysiology of UFs remains unclear. Inflammation may play important roles in the growth of UFs, and expression levels of proinflammatory and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β, are upregulated in UFs. These cytokines play important roles in the interaction between growth factors and ECM that is regulated by the sex steroids estrogen and progesterone. Furthermore, proinflammatory mediators are upregulated in females with UFs, with higher expression levels in the endometrium with submucosal and intramural UFs than in the endometrium without UFs, indicating that these proinflammatory cytokines may impair endometrial receptivity, leading to implantation failure in in vitro fertilization programs. Hormonal treatments using gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs and the selective progesterone receptor modulator ulipristal acetate significantly shrink UFs and improve UF-related symptoms. These compounds can regulate local inflammation in UFs and adjacent myometrium. Controlling and improving local inflammation caused by UFs may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for UFs and potentially improve reproductive outcomes in women with symptomatic UFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yuki Goto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chigusa Hirooka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eri Katayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nao Baba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Meika Kaneko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Regulatory Science, Research Promotion Unit, School of Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan; Fujita Health University Haneda clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Lan X, Guo L, Hu C, Zhang Q, Deng J, Wang Y, Chen ZJ, Yan J, Li Y. Fibronectin mediates activin A-promoted human trophoblast migration and acquisition of endothelial-like phenotype. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:61. [PMID: 38263146 PMCID: PMC10807102 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During human early placentation, a proportion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) migrate to the maternal decidua, differentiating into endovascular EVTs to remodel spiral arteries and ensure the establishment of blood circulation at the maternal-fetal interface. Inadequate EVT migration and endovascular differentiation are closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage. Activin A and fibronectin are both secretory molecules abundantly expressed at the maternal-fetal interface. Activin A has been reported to regulate EVT biological functions. However, whether fibronectin mediates activin A-promoted EVT migration and acquisition of endothelial-like phenotype as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Additionally, the role of fibronectin in pregnancy establishment and maintenance warrants further investigation. METHODS Primary and immortalized (HTR8/SVneo) human EVTs were used as in vitro study models. Cultured human first-trimester chorionic villous explants were utilized for ex vivo validation. A local fibronectin knockdown model in ICR mouse uteri, achieved by nonviral in vivo transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting fibronectin 1 (si-Fn1), was employed to explore the roles of fibronectin in the establishment and maintenance of early pregnancy. RESULTS Our results showed that activin A treatment significantly induced fibronectin 1 (FN1) mRNA expression and fibronectin protein production, which is essential for human trophoblast migration and endothelial-like tube formation. Both basal and activin A-upregulated fibronectin expression were abolished by the TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor SB431542 or siRNA-mediated knockdown of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK4) or SMAD4. Moreover, activin A-increased trophoblast migration and endothelial-like tube formation were attenuated following the depletion of fibronectin. Fibronectin knockdown via intrauterine siRNA administration reduced CD31 and cytokeratin 8 (CK8) expression at the maternal-fetal interface, resulting in a decrease in the number of implantation sites and embryos. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that activin A promotes trophoblast cell migration and acquisition of endothelial-like phenotype via ALK4-SMAD2/3-SMAD4-mediated fibronectin upregulation. Furthermore, through a local fibronectin knockdown model in mouse uteri, we found that the absence of fibronectin at the maternal-fetal interface impedes endovascular migration of trophoblasts and decidual vascularization, thereby interfering with early embryo implantation and the maintenance of pregnancy. These findings provide novel insights into placental development during early pregnancy establishment and contribute to the advancement of therapeutic approaches for managing pregnancy complications related to trophoblast dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxin Lan
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiping Hu
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jianye Deng
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2021RU001), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Junhao Yan
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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de Mezer M, Markowska A, Markowska J, Krzyżaniak M, Grabarek BO, Pokusa F, Żurawski J. Immunohistochemical Expression of the SERPINA3 Protein in Uterine Fibroids. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1758-1765. [PMID: 38204235 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010264673231111082438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SERPINA3 (α-1-antichymotrypsin, AACT, ACT) is produced by the liver and released into plasma in an anti-inflammatory response and plays a role as a modulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) by inhibiting serine proteases. Numerous studies proved an increased level of SERPINA3 in many types of cancer, which could be linked to SERPINA3's anti-apoptotic function. AIM In the context of progressive ECM fibrosis during the development of uterine fibroids, which are one of the most common hypertrophic changes within the uterus, it is interesting to describe the level of SERPINA3 protein in this type of lesion and the surrounding tissues. METHODS We used immunohistochemical staining of the SERPINA3 protein and compared the intensity of the signal between the myoma tissue and the surrounding normal tissue. RESULTS We showed a surprising reduction in the amount of the SERPINA3 protein within uterine fibroids compared to surrounding tissues. CONCLUSION This observation sheds new light on the role of this protein in the formation of proliferative changes and suggests that understanding the mechanism of its action may become the basis for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz de Mezer
- Department of Immunobiology, Chair of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Markowska
- Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Monika Krzyżaniak
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lord's Transfiguration Clinical Hospital, Partner of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Katowice School of Technology, Katowice, Poland
| | - Filip Pokusa
- Faculty of Economics and Pedagogy, Higher School of Management and Administration in Opole, 46-020 Opole, Poland
| | - Jakub Żurawski
- Department of Immunobiology, Chair of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Greco S, Zannotti A, Pellegrino P, Giantomassi F, Delli Carpini G, D'Agostino M, Goteri G, Ciavattini A, Donati C, Bernacchioni C, Petraglia F, La Teana A, Ciarmela P. High levels of hypusinated eIF5A in leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma pathologies: a possible novel therapeutic target. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 47:15-25. [PMID: 37137790 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is the hypusinated form of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (EIF5A) present in human myometrium, leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma, and does it regulate cell proliferation and fibrosis? DESIGN The hypusination status of eIF5A in myometrial and leiomyoma patient-matched tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting as well as in leiomyosarcoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. Myometrial, leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma cell lines were treated with N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC-7), responsible for the inhibition of the first step of eIF5A hypunization, and the proliferation rate was determined by MTT assay; fibronectin expression was analysed by Western blotting. Finally, expression of fibronectin in leiomyosarcoma tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The hypusinated form of eIF5A was present in all tissues examined, with an increasing trend of hypusinated eIF5A levels from normal myometrium to neoplastic benign leiomyoma up to neoplastic malignant leiomyosarcoma. The higher levels in leiomyoma compared with myometrium were confirmed by Western blotting (P = 0.0046). The inhibition of eIF5A hypusination, with GC-7 treatment at 100 nM, reduced the cell proliferation in myometrium (P = 0.0429), leiomyoma (P = 0.0030) and leiomyosarcoma (P = 0.0044) cell lines and reduced the expression of fibronectin in leiomyoma (P = 0.0077) and leiomyosarcoma (P = 0.0280) cells. The immunohistochemical staining of leiomyosarcoma tissue revealed that fibronectin was highly expressed in the malignant aggressive (central) part of the leiomyosarcoma lesion, where hypusinated eIF5A was also highly represented. CONCLUSIONS These data support the hypothesis that eIF5A may be involved in the pathogenesis of myometrial benign and malignant pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Pamela Pellegrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Giantomassi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Mattia D'Agostino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY, MaSBIC), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaia Goteri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", Università di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", Università di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", Università di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna La Teana
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY, MaSBIC), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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Islam MS, Parish M, Brennan JT, Winer BL, Segars JH. Targeting fibrotic signaling pathways by EGCG as a therapeutic strategy for uterine fibroids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8492. [PMID: 37231028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is a key feature of uterine fibroids. Our prior research supports the tenet that inhibition of fibrotic processes may restrict fibroid growth. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea compound with powerful antioxidant properties, is an investigational drug for uterine fibroids. An early phase clinical trial showed that EGCG was effective in reducing fibroid size and its associated symptoms; however, its mechanism of action(s) has not been completely elucidated. Here, we probed effects of EGCG on key signaling pathways involved in fibroid cell fibrosis. Viability of myometrial and fibroid cells was not greatly affected by EGCG treatment (1-200 µM). Cyclin D1, a protein involved in cell cycle progression, was increased in fibroid cells and was significantly reduced by EGCG. EGCG treatment significantly reduced mRNA or protein levels of key fibrotic proteins, including fibronectin (FN1), collagen (COL1A1), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and actin alpha 2, smooth muscle (ACTA2) in fibroid cells, suggesting antifibrotic effects. EGCG treatment altered the activation of YAP, β-catenin, JNK and AKT, but not Smad 2/3 signaling pathways involved in mediating fibrotic process. Finally, we conducted a comparative study to evaluate the ability of EGCG to regulate fibrosis with synthetic inhibitors. We observed that EGCG displayed greater efficacy than ICG-001 (β-catenin), SP600125 (JNK) and MK-2206 (AKT) inhibitors, and its effects were equivalent to verteporfin (YAP) or SB525334 (Smad) for regulating expression of key fibrotic mediators. These data indicate that EGCG exhibits anti-fibrotic effects in fibroid cells. These results provide insight into mechanisms behind the observed clinical efficacy of EGCG against uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building, Room 624, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Maclaine Parish
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building, Room 624, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Joshua T Brennan
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building, Room 624, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Briana L Winer
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building, Room 624, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James H Segars
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building, Room 624, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Yang Q, Al-Hendy A. Update on the Role and Regulatory Mechanism of Extracellular Matrix in the Pathogenesis of Uterine Fibroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5778. [PMID: 36982852 PMCID: PMC10051203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs), also known as leiomyomas, are benign tumors of the myometrium affecting over 70% of women worldwide, particularly women of color. Although benign, UFs are associated with significant morbidity; they are the primary indication for hysterectomy and a major source of gynecologic and reproductive dysfunction, ranging from menorrhagia and pelvic pain to infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm labor. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of UFs are still quite limited. A knowledge gap needs to be filled to help develop novel strategies that will ultimately facilitate the development of therapies and improve UF patient outcomes. Excessive ECM accumulation and aberrant remodeling are crucial for fibrotic diseases and excessive ECM deposition is the central characteristics of UFs. This review summarizes the recent progress of ascertaining the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms in UFs, from the perspective of factors regulating ECM production, ECM-mediated signaling, and pharmacological drugs targeting ECM accumulation. In addition, we provide the current state of knowledge by discussing the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation and emerging role of the extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of UFs and in applications. Comprehensive and deeper insights into ECM-mediated alterations and interactions in cellular events will help develop novel strategies to treat patients with this common tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
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7
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Qiao L, Ghosh P, Rangamani P. Design principles of improving the dose-response alignment in coupled GTPase switches. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36720885 PMCID: PMC9889403 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
"Dose-response alignment" (DoRA), where the downstream response of cellular signaling pathways closely matches the fraction of activated receptor, can improve the fidelity of dose information transmission. The negative feedback has been experimentally identified as a key component for DoRA, but numerical simulations indicate that negative feedback is not sufficient to achieve perfect DoRA, i.e., perfect match of downstream response and receptor activation level. Thus a natural question is whether there exist design principles for signaling motifs within only negative feedback loops to improve DoRA to near-perfect DoRA. Here, we investigated several model formulations of an experimentally validated circuit that couples two molecular switches-mGTPase (monomeric GTPase) and tGTPase (heterotrimeric GTPases) - with negative feedback loops. In the absence of feedback, the low and intermediate mGTPase activation levels benefit DoRA in mass action and Hill-function models, respectively. Adding negative feedback has versatile roles on DoRA: it may impair DoRA in the mass action model with low mGTPase activation level and Hill-function model with intermediate mGTPase activation level; in other cases, i.e., the mass action model with a high mGTPase activation level or the Hill-function model with a non-intermediate mGTPase activation level, it improves DoRA. Furthermore, we found that DoRA in a longer cascade (i.e., tGTPase) can be obtained using Hill-function kinetics under certain conditions. In summary, we show how ranges of activity of mGTPase, reaction kinetics, the negative feedback, and the cascade length affect DoRA. This work provides a framework for improving the DoRA performance in signaling motifs with negative feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxia Qiao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Padmini Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Di Paolo A, Vignini A, Alia S, Membrino V, Delli Carpini G, Giannella L, Ciavattini A. Pathogenic Role of the Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P) Pathway in Common Gynecologic Disorders (GDs): A Possible Novel Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113538. [PMID: 36362323 PMCID: PMC9658294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid, noteworthy for its involvement both in the modulation of various biological processes and in the development of many diseases. S1P signaling can be either pro or anti-inflammatory, and the sphingosine kinase (SphK)–S1P–S1P receptor (S1PR) axis is a factor in accelerating the growth of several cells, including endometriotic cells and fibrosis. Gynecologic disorders, including endometriosis, adenomyosis, and uterine fibroids are characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. S1P signaling and metabolism have been shown to be dysregulated in those disorders and they are likely implicated in their pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Enzymes responsible for inactivating S1P are the most affected by the dysregulation of S1P balanced levels, thus causing accumulation of sphingolipids within these cells and tissues. The present review highlights the past and latest evidence on the role played by the S1P pathways in common gynecologic disorders (GDs). Furthermore, it discusses potential future approaches in the regulation of this signaling pathway that could represent an innovative and promising therapeutical target, also for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Di Paolo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
- Research Center of Health Education and Health Promotion, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0712204675
| | - Sonila Alia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Membrino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Giannella
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
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9
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Positive growth of smooth muscle in uterine horns of myostatin homozygous mutant gilt. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Wang S, Fang L, Cong L, Chung JPW, Li TC, Chan DYL. Myostatin: a multifunctional role in human female reproduction and fertility - a short review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:96. [PMID: 35780124 PMCID: PMC9250276 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily and was originally identified in the musculoskeletal system as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. The functional roles of MSTN outside of the musculoskeletal system have aroused researchers' interest in recent years, with an increasing number of studies being conducted in this area. Notably, the expression of MSTN and its potential activities in various reproductive organs, including the ovary, placenta, and uterus, have recently been examined. Numerous studies published in the last few years demonstrate that MSTN plays a critical role in human reproduction and fertility, including the regulation of follicular development, ovarian steroidogenesis, granule-cell proliferation, and oocyte maturation regulation. Furthermore, findings from clinical samples suggest that MSTN may play a key role in the pathogenesis of several reproductive disorders such as uterine myoma, preeclampsia (PE), ovary hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). There is no comprehensive review regarding to MSTN related to the female reproductive system in the literature. This review serves as a summary of the genes in reproductive medicine and their potential influence. We summarized MSTN expression in different compartments of the female reproductive system. Subsequently, we discuss the role of MSTN in both physiological and several pathological conditions related to the female fertility and reproduction-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- Assisted reproductive technologies unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, SAR, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Luping Cong
- Assisted reproductive technologies unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, SAR, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung
- Assisted reproductive technologies unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, SAR, China
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Assisted reproductive technologies unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, SAR, China
| | - David Yiu Leung Chan
- Assisted reproductive technologies unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, SAR, China.
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11
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Arip M, Yap VL, Rajagopal M, Selvaraja M, Dharmendra K, Chinnapan S. Evidence-Based Management of Uterine Fibroids With Botanical Drugs-A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878407. [PMID: 35800452 PMCID: PMC9256340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are a common benign gynecological tumor that affect the majority of women over their lifetime. Several pharmacological agents are available to reduce the size of fibroids and ameliorate the symptoms of UF. However, these drugs are expensive and are usually associated with profound side effects. Thus, botanical drugs are gaining attention in this era due to their cost effectiveness with a comparable and more potent therapeutic efficacy while demonstrating lesser adverse effects. The objective of this review is to summarize the available information on the mechanism of various botanical drugs and polyherbal formulations with anti-uterine fibroid activity. A systematic search was performed on botanical drugs with anti-uterine fibroid activity using several search engines, which include PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Based on the literatures identified, a total of five botanical drugs and three polyherbal formulations were included and discussed in this review, which yields useful information regarding the mechanism of different botanical drugs and polyherbal formulations in exerting anti-uterine fibroid activity for its potential use as an alternative treatment choice for uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masita Arip
- Allergy and Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, National Institute of Health Complex, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Vi Lien Yap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Malarvili Selvaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - K Dharmendra
- Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Jamuhar, India
| | - Sasikala Chinnapan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia
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12
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Tian S, Zhang H, Chang HM, Klausen C, Huang HF, Jin M, Leung PCK. Activin a promotes hyaluronan production and upregulates versican expression in human granulosa cells via the ALK4-SMAD2/3-SMAD4 signaling pathway. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:458-473. [PMID: 35403677 PMCID: PMC9382401 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan is a structural component of the expanded cumulus matrix, and hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) is the major enzyme for the synthesis of hyaluronan in humans. Versican cross-links the hyaluronan-rich matrix to cumulus cells and is critical for successful ovulation. Activin A is a critical intrafollicular regulator of ovarian function. Although activin A has been shown to promote cumulus matrix expansion in mice, the functional role of activin A in the regulation of cumulus expansion in the human ovary remains to be elucidated. Using primary and immortalized human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells as study models, we provide the first data showing that activin A increased the production of hyaluronan by upregulating the expression of HAS2 in these cells. Additionally, activin A also promoted the expression of the hyaluronan-binding protein versican. Moreover, using inhibitor- and siRNA-mediated inhibition approaches, we found that these stimulatory effects of activin A are most likely mediated through the type I receptor ALK4-mediated SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 signaling pathway. Notably, the ChIP analyses demonstrated that SMAD4 could bind to human HAS2 and VERSICAN promoters. The results obtained from this in vitro study suggest that locally produced activin A plays a functional role in the regulation of hyaluronan production and stabilization in hGL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Tian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Christian Klausen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - He-Feng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Jin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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13
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MacLean JA, Hayashi K. Progesterone Actions and Resistance in Gynecological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:647. [PMID: 35203298 PMCID: PMC8870180 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone and their signaling mechanisms are tightly regulated to maintain a normal menstrual cycle and to support a successful pregnancy. The imbalance of estrogen and progesterone disrupts their complex regulatory mechanisms, leading to estrogen dominance and progesterone resistance. Gynecological diseases are heavily associated with dysregulated steroid hormones and can induce chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, heavy bleeding, and infertility, which substantially impact the quality of women's lives. Because the menstrual cycle repeatably occurs during reproductive ages with dynamic changes and remodeling of reproductive-related tissues, these alterations can accumulate and induce chronic and recurrent conditions. This review focuses on faulty progesterone signaling mechanisms and cellular responses to progesterone in endometriosis, adenomyosis, leiomyoma (uterine fibroids), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometrial hyperplasia. We also summarize the association with gene mutations and steroid hormone regulation in disease progression as well as current hormonal therapies and the clinical consequences of progesterone resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. MacLean
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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14
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Zheng X, Zheng Y, Qin D, Yao Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zheng C. Regulatory Role and Potential Importance of GDF-8 in Ovarian Reproductive Activity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878069. [PMID: 35692411 PMCID: PMC9178251 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Studies in vitro and in vivo have shown GDF-8 to be involved in the physiology and pathology of ovarian reproductive functions. In vitro experiments using a granulosa-cell model have demonstrated steroidogenesis, gonadotrophin responsiveness, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation as well as expression of lysyl oxidase and pentraxin 3 to be regulated by GDF-8 via the mothers against decapentaplegic homolog signaling pathway. Clinical data have shown that GDF-8 is expressed widely in the human ovary and has high expression in serum of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. GDF-8 expression in serum changes dynamically in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. GDF-8 expression in serum and follicular fluid is correlated with the ovarian response and pregnancy outcome during in vitro fertilization. Blocking the GDF-8 signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and ovulation disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome. GDF-8 has a regulatory role and potential importance in ovarian reproductive activity and may be involved in folliculogenesis, ovulation, and early embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongxu Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Caihong Zheng, ; Yunchun Zhao,
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Caihong Zheng, ; Yunchun Zhao,
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15
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Islam MS, Greco S, Delli Carpini G, Giannubilo SR, Segars J, Ciavattini A, Ciarmela P. Hop and artichoke extracts inhibit expression of extracellular matrix components in uterine leiomyoma cells. F&S SCIENCE 2021; 2:407-418. [PMID: 35559863 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen 14 different plant extracts for their antifibrotic effect on human primary leiomyoma and healthy myometrial cells. DESIGN Preclinical study. SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Human uterine leiomyoma and matched myometrial tissues were obtained from Caucasian premenopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids at the time of hysterectomy. INTERVENTION(S) Primary human leiomyoma and myometrial cells were cultured in the absence or presence of the plant extracts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Quantification of the expression of extracellular matrix components, such as fibronectin 1 (FN1), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), and versican (VCAN), and the profibrotic growth factor activin A or inhibin beta A subunit (INHBA). RESULT(S) The cells were treated with the 14 extracts for 48 hours, and we measured FN1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Of the 14 extracts, about (ABO) ABO-2 (hop) and ABO-9 (artichoke) significantly reduced FN1 expression in both the cell types. Next, we evaluated the effect of fractions of these 2 extracts on the mRNA expression of FN1 and other extracellular matrix components, such as COL1A1, VCAN, and INHBA, in leiomyoma and myometrial cells. We found that ABO-2 (hop) and ABO-9 (artichoke) as well as their fractions, ABO-AR-2016-015 (fraction of ABO-2) and ABO-AR-2014-168 (fraction of ABO-9), reduced the mRNA expression of FN1, COL1A1, VCAN, and INHBA in primary leiomyoma cells. In primary myometrial cells, the mRNA expression of FN1, COL1A1, VCAN, and INHBA was not greatly affected. CONCLUSION(S) These results suggest that the hop and artichoke extracts possess antifibrotic properties and support additional evaluation using in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - James Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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16
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Strzałkowska B, Dawidowicz M, Ochman B, Świętochowska E. The role of adipokines in leiomyomas development. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 123:104693. [PMID: 34637783 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many women of premenopausal age suffer from uterine leiomyomas, which are benign tumors of the uterus. Despite the high prevalence of uterine leiomyomas underlying pathogenesis mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Early data showed a positive correlation between increased levels of adipose tissue and leiomyomas prevalence. Adipose tissue cells-adipocytes can play a potential role in leiomyomas formation by producing and secreting adipokines. AIM The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on the potential relation between adipokines and leiomyomas basing on current data analyze, and justify future research directions. METHODOLOGY This review is based on pertinent articles searched using PubMed, encompassing all available literature. The key search words were as follows: adipokines, leiomyoma, TNFα, leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, omentin, lipocalin, apelin, adipsin, chemerin. Time was not an exclusion criterium due to few available studies on this subject. SUMMARY The results of the studies are inconclusive, but the vast majority indicates a significant connection between the adipokines and the leiomyomas. According to the majority of studies, TNFα contributes to the development of leiomyomas by inhibiting apoptosis, increasing migration of leiomyomas, and increasing fibrosis of leiomyomas. Most of the studies on the effects of leptin also indicate the relation between leptin and leiomyomas development. In the case of adiponectin released from mast cells' granularity, it is possible that adiponectin increases angiogenesis in leiomyomas. Under physiological conditions, adiponectin has the potential to inhibit the development of leiomyomas. The authors suggested that adiponectin affects leiomyomas via an insulin-dependent pathway or via an estrogen-dependent pathway. Most probably leptin contributes to the formation of myomas and adiponectin prevents this. More research is needed to understand better the influence of these molecules on the pathogenesis of leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Strzałkowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
| | - Miriam Dawidowicz
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Błażej Ochman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Świętochowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
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Winter A, Salamonsen LA, Evans J. Modelling fibroid pathology: development and manipulation of a myometrial smooth muscle cell macromolecular crowding model to alter extracellular matrix deposition. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:498-509. [PMID: 32449756 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for uterine fibroids are limited to hormonal manipulation or surgical intervention. We aimed to develop an in vitro model to mirror collagen deposition and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation, the principal features of uterine fibroids, to enable testing of novel therapeutics. Macromolecular crowding with Ficoll 400 and Ficoll 70 in cultures of human uterine myometrial smooth muscle cells containing ascorbic acid, provided the basis for this model. These culture conditions mimic the 'crowded' nature of the in vivo extracellular environment by incorporating neutral, space-filling macromolecules into conventional cell cultures. This method of culture facilitates appropriate ECM deposition, thus closely representing the in vivo fibrotic phenotype of uterine fibroids. Macromolecular crowding in Ficoll cultures containing ascorbic acid reduced myometrial smooth muscle cell proliferation and promoted collagen production. Under these conditions, collagen was processed for extracellular deposition as demonstrated by C-propeptide cleavage from secreted procollagen. The fibrosis marker activin was increased relative to its natural inhibitor, follistatin, in crowded culture conditions while addition of exogenous follistatin reduced collagen (Col1A1) gene expression. This in vitro model represents a promising development for the testing of therapeutic interventions for uterine fibroids. However, it does not recapitulate the full in vivo pathology which can include specific genetic and epigenetic alterations that have not been identified in the myometrial smooth muscle (hTERT-HM) cell line. Following screening of potential therapeutics using the model, the most promising compounds will require further assessment in the context of individual subjects including those with genetic changes implicated in fibroid pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Winter
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Lois A Salamonsen
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jemma Evans
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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18
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Drzewiecka EM, Kozlowska W, Paukszto L, Zmijewska A, Wydorski PJ, Jastrzebski JP, Franczak A. Effect of the Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Radiation on Transcriptomic Profile of Pig Myometrium during the Peri-Implantation Period-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7322. [PMID: 34298942 PMCID: PMC8305477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The electromagnetic field (EMF) affects the physiological processes in mammals, but the molecular background of the observed alterations remains not well established. In this study was tested the effect of short duration (2 h) of the EMF treatment (50 Hz, 8 mT) on global transcriptomic alterations in the myometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period using next-generation sequencing. As a result, the EMF treatment affected the expression of 215 transcript active regions (TARs), and among them, the assigned gene protein-coding biotype possessed 90 ones (differentially expressed genes, DEGs), categorized mostly to gene ontology terms connected with defense and immune responses, and secretion and export. Evaluated DEGs enrich the KEGG TNF signaling pathway, and regulation of IFNA signaling and interferon-alpha/beta signaling REACTOME pathways. There were evaluated 12 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DE-lnc-RNAs) and 182 predicted single nucleotide variants (SNVs) substitutions within RNA editing sites. In conclusion, the EMF treatment in the myometrium collected during the peri-implantation period affects the expression of genes involved in defense and immune responses. The study also gives new insight into the mechanisms of the EMF action in the regulation of the transcriptomic profile through lnc-RNAs and SNVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Monika Drzewiecka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.D.); (W.K.); (A.Z.); (P.J.W.)
| | - Wiktoria Kozlowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.D.); (W.K.); (A.Z.); (P.J.W.)
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (L.P.); (J.P.J.)
| | - Agata Zmijewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.D.); (W.K.); (A.Z.); (P.J.W.)
| | - Pawel Jozef Wydorski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.D.); (W.K.); (A.Z.); (P.J.W.)
| | - Jan Pawel Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (L.P.); (J.P.J.)
| | - Anita Franczak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.D.); (W.K.); (A.Z.); (P.J.W.)
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19
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Islam MS, Afrin S, Singh B, Jayes FL, Brennan JT, Borahay MA, Leppert PC, Segars JH. Extracellular matrix and Hippo signaling as therapeutic targets of antifibrotic compounds for uterine fibroids. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e475. [PMID: 34323413 PMCID: PMC8255059 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine fibroids are highly prevalent, collagen-rich, mechanically stiff, fibrotic tumors for which new therapeutic options are needed. Increased extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness activates mechanical signaling and Hippo/YAP promoting fibroid growth, but no prior studies have tested either as a therapeutic target. We tested the hypothesis that injection of a purified form of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) that selectively digests type I and type III collagens would alter ECM stiffness, Hippo signaling, and selectively reduce fibroid cell growth. We also used two FDA-approved drugs, verteporfin and nintedanib, to elucidate the role of Hippo/YAP signaling in uterine fibroid and myometrial cells. METHODS The clinical trial was registered (NCT02889848). Stiffness of samples was measured by rheometry. Protein expression in surgical samples was analyzed via immunofluorescence. Protein and gene expression in uterine fibroid or myometrial cell lines were measured by real time PCR and western blot, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Injection of CCH at high doses (0.1-0.2 mg/cm3 ) into fibroids resulted in a 46% reduction in stiffness in injected fibroids compared to controls after 60 days. Levels of the cell proliferation marker proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were decreased in fibroids 60 days after injection at high doses of CCH. Key Hippo signaling factors, specifically the transcriptionally inactive phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP), was increased at high CCH doses, supporting the role of YAP in fibroid growth. Furthermore, inhibition of YAP via verteporfin (YAP inhibitor) decreased cell proliferation, gene and protein expression of key factors promoting fibrosis and mechanotransduction in fibroid cells. Additionally, the anti-fibrotic drug, nintedanib, inhibited YAP and showed anti-fibrotic effects. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report that in vivo injection of collagenase into uterine fibroids led to a reduction in Hippo/YAP signaling and crucial genes and pathways involved in fibroid growth. These results indicate that targeting ECM stiffness and Hippo signaling might be an effective strategy for uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Bhuchitra Singh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Friederike L. Jayes
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Joshua T. Brennan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Mostafa A. Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Phyllis C. Leppert
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - James H. Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Fang L, Yan Y, Wang S, Guo Y, Li Y, Jia Q, Han X, Liu B, Cheng JC, Sun YP. High ovarian GDF-8 levels contribute to elevated estradiol production in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome by stimulating aromatase expression. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2338-2347. [PMID: 34239360 PMCID: PMC8241723 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8), also known as myostatin, belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF-8 is expressed in the ovary and regulates various ovarian functions. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most serious disorders during in vitro fertilization treatment. Aromatase, encoded by the CYP19A1 gene, is the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in estradiol (E2) biosynthesis. It has been demonstrated that high serum E2 levels are associated with the development of OHSS. However, the effects of GDF-8 on aromatase expression and its roles in the pathogenesis of OHSS remain unclear. Methods: The effect of GDF-8 on aromatase expression and the underlying mechanisms were explored by a series of in vitro experiments in primary human granulosa-lutein (hGL) and KGN cells. Rat OHSS model and human follicular fluid samples were used to examine the roles of the GDF-8 system in the pathogenesis of OHSS. Results: We demonstrate that GDF-8 stimulates aromatase expression and E2 production in hGL and KGN cells. In addition, TGF-β type I receptor ALK5-mediated SMAD2/3 signaling is required for GDF-8-induced aromatase expression and E2 production. Using a rat OHSS model, we show that the aromatase and GDF-8 levels are upregulated in the ovaries of OHSS rats. Blocking the function of ALK5 by the administration of its inhibitor, SB431542, alleviates OHSS symptoms and the upregulation of aromatase. Clinical results reveal that the protein levels of GDF-8 are upregulated in the follicular fluid of OHSS patients. Moreover, the expression of GDF-8 is increased in hGL cells of OHSS patients. Conclusions: This study helps to elucidate the mechanisms mediating the expression of aromatase in human granulosa cells, which may lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for OHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanjie Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiongqiong Jia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Boqun Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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Mousavi SO, Mohammadi R, Amjadi F, Zandieh Z, Aghajanpour S, Aflatoonian K, Sabbaghian M, Eslami M, Madani T, Aflatoonian R. Immunological response of fallopian tube epithelial cells to spermatozoa through modulating cytokines and chemokines. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 146:103327. [PMID: 34052728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatozoa interactions with fallopian tubes may influence fertilization. The purpose was to investigate cytokines, chemokines and growth factors expression from human fallopian tube epithelial cells (OE-E6/E7) exposed to spermatozoa. METHODS Fresh semen samples were obtained from 10 healthy normozoospermic men. Sperms were prepared and co-cultured with OE-E6/E7. The cell line without spermatozoa was considered as the control group. Afterwards, Expression of 84 cytokines from OE-E6/E7 cell line in the presence and absence of spermatozoa were measured using PCR-array. Quantitative PCR was performed on seven genes to confirm the results of PCR-array analysis. Differentially expressed genes were subjected to www.geneontology.org and www.pantherdb.org to perform GO enrichment and panther pathway analysis. The concentration of IL-8, IL-10, IL-1B and BMP-4 in culture medium were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS Sperm interaction with the epithelial cells resulted in a significant increase in expression of TGF-β2, BMP-4, IL-10, IL-9, and CD40LG markers. Moreover, expression of IL-16, IL-17F, SPP-1, CXCL-13, MSTN, IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-8, BMP-7, CSF-2, CSF-3, VEGF-A, OSM, LTA, TNF, TNFRSF11B, TNFSF11, CCL-11, CCL-20, CCL-24, CCL-3, CCL-8, CX3CL1 and CXCL-9 were considerably reduced in presence of spermatozoa. Panther pathway analysis discovered 3 pathways for upregulated genes including gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, TGF-beta and interleukin signaling pathways. Furthermore, 9 pathways were detected for down-regulated genes. Inflammation signaling pathway which is mediated by chemokine and cytokine contains the most number of genes. CONCLUSION This study indicates that sperm modifies expression of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors from OE-E6/E7. Moreover, altered genes expression are toward higher survival chance of the spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Omidreza Mousavi
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roudabeh Mohammadi
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandieh
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Aghajanpour
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Sabbaghian
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Eslami
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Madani
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Aflatoonian
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Zannotti A, Greco S, Pellegrino P, Giantomassi F, Delli Carpini G, Goteri G, Ciavattini A, Ciarmela P. Macrophages and Immune Responses in Uterine Fibroids. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050982. [PMID: 33922329 PMCID: PMC8146588 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids represent the most common benign tumors of the uterus. They are considered a typical fibrotic disorder. In fact, the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins—above all, collagen 1A1, fibronectin and versican—are upregulated in this pathology. The uterine fibroids etiology has not yet been clarified, and this represents an important matter about their resolution. A model has been proposed according to which the formation of an altered ECM could be the result of an excessive wound healing, in turn driven by a dysregulated inflammation process. A lot of molecules act in the complex inflammatory response. Macrophages have a great flexibility since they can assume different phenotypes leading to the tissue repair process. The dysregulation of macrophage proliferation, accumulation and infiltration could lead to an uncontrolled tissue repair and to the consequent pathological fibrosis. In addition, molecules such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), activin A and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) were demonstrated to play an important role in the macrophage action within the uncontrolled tissue repair that contributes to the pathological fibrosis that represents a typical feature of the uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.D.C.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Pamela Pellegrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Federica Giantomassi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.D.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Gaia Goteri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Specialist and Odontostomatological Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.D.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+39-071-220-6270
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23
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S1P and activin A induce fibrotic phenotype in uterine fibroids: a promising target for antifibrotic therapy. Fertil Steril 2021; 115:1451-1452. [PMID: 33863554 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bernacchioni C, Ciarmela P, Vannuzzi V, Greco S, Vannuccini S, Malentacchi F, Pellegrino P, Capezzuoli T, Sorbi F, Cencetti F, Bruni P, Donati C, Petraglia F. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling in uterine fibroids: implication in activin A pro-fibrotic effect. Fertil Steril 2021; 115:1576-1585. [PMID: 33500141 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the link between sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling and leiomyoma and the possible S1P cross-talk with the fibrotic effect of activin A. DESIGN Case-control laboratory study. SETTING University institute and university hospital. PATIENT(S) Patients with uterine fibroids (n = 26). INTERVENTIONS(S) Tissue specimens of leiomyoma and normal myometrium were obtained from patients undergoing myomectomy or total hysterectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Expression of mRNA levels of the enzyme involved in S1P metabolism, S1P receptors, and S1P transporter Spns2 was evaluated in matched leiomyoma/myometrium specimens and cell populations. The effects of inhibition of S1P metabolism and signaling was evaluated on activin A-induced fibrotic action in leiomyoma cell lines. RESULT(S) The expression of the enzymes responsible for S1P formation, sphingosine kinase (SK) 1 and 2, and S1P2, S1P3, and S1P5 receptors was significantly augmented in leiomyomas compared with adjacent myometrium. In leiomyoma cells, but not in myometrial cells, activin A increased mRNA expression levels of SK1, SK2, and S1P2. The profibrotic action of activin A was abolished when SK1/2 were inhibited or S1P2/3 were blocked. Finally, S1P augmented by itself mRNA levels of fibrotic markers (fibronectin, collagen 1A1) and activin A in leiomyomas but not in myometrial cells. CONCLUSION(S) This study shows that S1P signaling is dysregulated in uterine fibroids and involved in activin A-induced fibrosis, opening new perspectives for uterine fibroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Vannuzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Vannuccini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Malentacchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Pellegrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Capezzuoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavia Sorbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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25
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Khan KN, Fujishita A, Koshiba A, Ogawa K, Mori T, Ogi H, Itoh K, Teramukai S, Kitawaki J. Expression profiles of E/P receptors and fibrosis in GnRHa-treated and -untreated women with different uterine leiomyomas. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242246. [PMID: 33186388 PMCID: PMC7665806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expressions of estrogen/progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and individual component of extracellular matrices derived from fibroid are reported. Information on the pattern of change in ER/PR expression and amount of tissue fibrosis after hormonal treatment is unclear. We investigated pattern of change in ER/PR expression and percentage of tissue fibrosis in different uterine leiomyomas after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment. Biopsy specimens from fibroids and adjacent myometria were collected after surgery from women with submucosal myoma (SMM, n = 18), intramural myoma (IMM, n = 16) and subserosal myoma (SSM, n = 17). A proportion of women in each group of fibroid underwent treatment with GnRHa for a variable period of 3-6 months. Tissue expression of ER and PR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In vitro cell proliferation effect of GnRHa on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was examined. Distribution of tissue fibrosis was examined by Masson's trichrome staining with computer-captured image analysis of fibrosis derived from different types of fibroid. PR content was significantly higher than ER in tissues derived from GnRHa-untreated women with SMM and SSM (p = 0.04 for both). Comparing to untreated group, GnRHa-treatment significantly decreased either ER or PR expression in different fibroids. Exogenous treatment with GnRHa dose-dependently decreased proliferation of HUVECs. No significant difference was observed in the percentage of fibrosis in tissues collected from GnRHa-treated and -untreated women with fibroids. The distribution of fibrosis in myoma/myometria and occurrence of fibrosis in perivascular area showed an increasing trend with higher age of the women and with larger size of fibroids. Our findings suggest that despite estrogen dependency, higher PR content in GnRHa-untreated group may indicate a potential role of progesterone in leiomyoma growth. Although GnRHa therapy may shrink fibroids and reduce risk of bleeding during surgery, the occurrence of diffuse tissue fibrosis may impair effective reduction of fibroid size after hormonal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleque N. Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Fujishita
- Department of Gynecology, Saiseikai Nagasaki Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akemi Koshiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanae Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jo Kitawaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Uterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasms of the female reproductive tract and one of the major public health concerns. Although most women with uterine fibroids are asymptomatic, over 30% of them will present with varying symptoms. This review focuses on the role of non-hormonal mediators and pathways in uterine fibroid biology. Furthermore, it provides data regarding the most recent findings in the field of compounds, which use those non-hormonal pathways in the medical therapy of uterine fibroids. RECENT FINDINGS Complex signaling pathway alterations are crucial for uterine fibroid development. The topic of the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids focuses mostly on steroids and other hormones. However, other very important pathways exist, and some of them are independent of hormones. Some of the most important pathways, which are non-hormonal, but in some cases still hormone-depended, include growth factors, cytokines and inflammation, Smad proteins, wingless type/β-catenin and others. SUMMARY Much more is known about hormonal than about non-hormonal signaling in uterine fibroids. Growth factors, early life exposure and inflammation are key factors in uterine fibroid biology. Numerous agents depend on those pathways and may find their place in the current and future therapy of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Cetin
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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27
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Yoon JD, Hwang SU, Kim M, Jeon Y, Hyun SH. Growth differentiation factor 8 regulates SMAD2/3 signaling and improves oocyte quality during porcine oocyte maturation in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:63-75. [PMID: 31004472 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), also known as myostatin, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family and has been identified as a strong physiological regulator of muscle differentiation. Recently, the functional role of GDF8 in reproductive organs has received increased interest following its detection in the human placenta and uterus. To investigate the effects of GDF8 during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM), we assessed the quality of matured oocytes. Furthermore, we investigated the specific gene transcription and protein activation levels in oocytes and cumulus cells after IVM and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization and parthenogenetic activation. Prior to these experiments, the concentration of GDF8 in porcine follicular fluid was determined. During the entire IVM period, 1.3 ng/mL GDF8 and its signaling inhibitor SB431542 (SB) at 5 μM were added as control, SB, SB + GDF8, and GDF8 groups, respectively. Our results demonstrate that supplementation with GDF8 during porcine oocyte IVM enhanced both meiotic and cytoplasmic maturation, with altered transcriptional patterns, via activation of Sma- and Mad-related protein 2/3 (SMAD2/3). Using the pharmacological inhibitor SB431542, we demonstrated that inhibition of GDF8-induced Smad2/3 signaling reduces matured oocyte quality. In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated paracrine factor GDF8 in porcine follicular fluid in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that GDF8 supplementation improved mature oocyte quality by regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and intracellular glutathione and reactive oxygen species levels during porcine IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchul David Yoon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ung Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubyeol Jeon
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeolabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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28
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Bao H, Sin TK, Zhang G. Activin A induces tumorigenesis of leiomyoma via regulation of p38β MAPK-mediated signal cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:379-385. [PMID: 32703439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the role of p38-C/EBPβ signaling in leiomyoma cells and myometrial cells challenged with Activin A, and to identify specifically the isoform of p38 MAPK that mediates the effects of Activin A. METHODS The immortalization human leiomyoma cells (HuLM) and human myometrial cells (HM), and mouse myometrial tissues were treated with Activin A (4 nM) in response to p38α/β inhibition (10 μM SB202190) or depletion (p38 α/β-targeting siRNA or p38β muscle specific-knock out mice). p38 MAPK signaling molecules (p-p38 and p-C/EBPβ) and ECM components (COL1A1 and/or FN) were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS Activin A induced ECM accumulation in leiomyoma cells and myofibroblastic transformation in myometrical cells specifically by p38β MAPK. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that activation of C/EBPβ by p38β MAPK may contribute to tumorigenesis and progression of Activin A-induced leiomyoma. Specific p38β inhibition may represent a novel and promising intervention for leiomyoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Bao
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Thomas K Sin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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29
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Ciebiera M, Ali M, Prince L, Jackson-Bey T, Atabiekov I, Zgliczyński S, Al-Hendy A. The Evolving Role of Natural Compounds in the Medical Treatment of Uterine Fibroids. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1479. [PMID: 32423112 PMCID: PMC7290481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) remain a significant health issue for many women, with a disproportionate impact on women of color, likely due to both genetic and environmental factors. The prevalence of UFs is estimated to be approximately 70% depending on population. UF-derived clinical symptoms include pelvic pain, excessive uterine bleeding, gastrointestinal and voiding problems, as well as impaired fertility. Nowadays numerous methods of UF treatment are available-from conservative treatment to invasive surgeries. Selecting an appropriate treatment option should be individualized and adjusted to the patient's expectations as much as possible. So far, the mainstay of treatment is surgery, but their negative impact of future fertility is clear. On the other hand, emerging new pharmaceutical options have significant adverse effects like liver function impairment, hot flashes, bone density loss, endometrial changes, and inability to attempt conception during treatment. Several natural compounds are found to help treat UFs and relieve their symptoms. In this review we summarize all the current available data about natural compounds that may be beneficial for patients with UFs, especially those who want to preserve their future fertility or have treatment while actively pursuing conception. Vitamin D, epigallocatechin gallate, berberine, curcumin, and others are being used as alternative UF treatments. Moreover, we propose the concept of using combined therapies of natural compounds on their own or combined with hormonal agents to manage UFs. There is a strong need for more human clinical trials involving these compounds before promoting widespread usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lillian Prince
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Tia Jackson-Bey
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Ihor Atabiekov
- Moscow Region Cancer Center, Balashikha 143900, Russian;
| | - Stanisław Zgliczyński
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Central Teaching Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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Greco S, Islam MS, Zannotti A, Delli Carpini G, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Petraglia F, Ciarmela P. Quercetin and indole-3-carbinol inhibit extracellular matrix expression in human primary uterine leiomyoma cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 40:593-602. [PMID: 32276890 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of quercetin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on extracellular matrix expression, cell migration and proliferation in human myometrial and uterine leiomyoma cells. DESIGN Myometrial and leiomyoma cells were treated with quercetin or I3C at different concentrations (10 µg/ml; 50 µg/ml; 100 µg/ml; and 250 µg/ml) for 48 h to measure mRNA and protein expressions of extracellular matrix (collagen 1A1, fibronectin and versican), as well as cell migration and the proliferation rate. RESULTS Quercetin decreased mRNA levels of collagen 1A1 in myometrial (P < 0.0001) and leiomyoma cells (P < 0.0001). Quercetin reduced mRNA and protein levels of fibronectin in myometrial cells (P < 0.05) and fibronectin protein in leiomyoma cells (P < 0.05). I3C reduced collagen 1A1 mRNA levels in myometrial (P < 0.05) and leiomyoma cells at higher dose (P < 0.05). The protein levels of fibronectin were also reduced in both myometrial and leiomyoma cells with highest dose of I3C (P < 0.05), although mRNA levels were not affected in leiomyoma cells. Neither quercetin nor I3C treatment altered versican mRNA levels in both cell types. A significant reduction of the migration of both myometrial and leiomyoma cells in response to quercetin was observed (P < 0.05) and I3C (P < 0.05 for myometrial and P < 0.01 for leiomyoma cells) treatment. Both quercetin and I3C significantly reduced myometrial cell proliferation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The in-vitro anti-fibrotic, anti-migratory and anti-proliferative effects of quercetin and I3C form the scientific basis for developing new therapeutic, preventive agents, or both, for uterine leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy.
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Lin TT, Chang HM, Hu XL, Leung PCK, Zhu YM. Follicular localization of growth differentiation factor 8 and its receptors in normal and polycystic ovary syndrome ovaries. Biol Reprod 2019; 98:683-694. [PMID: 29409020 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and its etiology has not been characterized. Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that plays a critical role in the regulation of ovarian functions. However, the expression pattern of GDF8 in the human ovary is not yet clear. This study examined the cellular distribution of GDF8 and its putative cellular receptors (ACVR2A, ACVR2B, and ALK5) in a series of normal (n = 34) and PCOS ovaries (n = 14). The immunostaining of GDF8, ACVR2A, ACVR2B, and ALK5 was detected in the oocytes regardless of the developmental stage. All these proteins were localized in antral follicles in normal and PCOS ovaries, and the expression of these proteins increased with increasing follicle diameter. A significantly higher expression of GDF8 was detected in the granulosa cells than in the matched theca cells (TCs). These proteins were also localized in the luteal cells of the corpus luteum. Granulosa cells and TCs of large antral follicles in PCOS ovaries display a higher expression of these proteins. The higher expression levels of GDF8 and its functional receptors (ACVR2A, ACVR2B, and ALK5) in antral follicles of PCOS ovaries than those in normal ovaries suggest the possible involvement of dysregulated GDF8 in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Lin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiao-Ling Hu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yi-Min Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Advanced 3D Imaging of Uterine Leiomyoma's Morphology by Propagation-based Phase-Contrast Microtomography. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10580. [PMID: 31332223 PMCID: PMC6646365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign smooth muscle tumor in women pelvis, originating from the myometrium. It is caused by a disorder of fibrosis, with a large production and disruption of extracellular matrix (ECM). Medical treatments are still very limited and no preventative therapies have been developed. We supposed that synchrotron-based phase-contrast microtomography (PhC-microCT) may be an appropriate tool to assess the 3D morphology of uterine leiomyoma, without the use of any contrast agent. We used this technique to perform the imaging and the quantitative morphometric analysis of healthy myometrium and pathologic leiomyomas. The quantitative morphometric analysis of collagen bundles was coupled to the Roschger approach. This method, previously only used to evaluate mineralized bone density distribution, was applied here to study the fibrosis mass density distribution in healthy and pathologic biopsies from two patients. This protocol was shown to be powerful in studying uterine leiomyomas, detecting also small signs of the ECM alteration. This is of paramount importance not only for the follow-up of the present study, i.e. the investigation of different compounds and their possible therapeutic benefits, but also because it offers new methodologic possibilities for future studies of the ECM in soft tissues of different body districts.
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Ng SSM, Jorge S, Malik M, Britten J, Su SC, Armstrong CR, Brennan JT, Chang S, Baig KM, Driggers PH, Segars JH. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 13 (AKAP13) Augments Progesterone Signaling in Uterine Fibroid Cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:970-980. [PMID: 30239831 PMCID: PMC6365770 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) are prevalent sex hormone‒dependent tumors with an altered response to mechanical stress. Ulipristal acetate, a selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator, significantly reduces fibroid size in patients. However, PR signaling in fibroids and its relationship to mechanical signaling are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE Our prior studies revealed that A-kinase anchoring protein 13 (AKAP13) was overexpressed in fibroids and contributed to altered mechanotransduction in fibroids. Because AKAP13 augmented nuclear receptor signaling in other tissues, we sought to determine whether AKAP13 might influence PR signaling in fibroids. METHODS AND RESULTS Fibroid samples from patients treated with ulipristal acetate or placebo were examined for AKAP13 expression by using immunohistochemistry. In immortalized uterine fibroid cell lines and COS-7 cells, we observed that AKAP13 increased ligand-dependent PR activation of luciferase reporters and endogenous progesterone-responsive genes for PR-B but not PR-A. Inhibition of ERK reduced activation of PR-dependent signaling by AKAP13, but inhibition of p38 MAPK had no effect. In addition, glutathione S-transferase‒binding assays revealed that AKAP13 was bound to PR-B through its carboxyl terminus. CONCLUSION These data suggest an intersection of mechanical signaling and PR signaling involving AKAP13 through ERK. Further elucidation of the integration of mechanical and hormonal signaling pathways in fibroids may provide insight into fibroid development and suggest new therapeutic strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinnie Sin Man Ng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Soledad Jorge
- Section on Reproductive Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Minnie Malik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Britten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Szu-Chi Su
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles R Armstrong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joshua T Brennan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sydney Chang
- Section on Reproductive Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of OBGYN and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kimberlyn Maravet Baig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Section on Reproductive Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul H Driggers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James H Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: James H. Segars, MD, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women’s Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Ross Building 624, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, Maryland 21205. E-mail address:
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Perinatal outcome and long-term pediatric morbidity of pregnancies with a fibroid uterus. Early Hum Dev 2019; 129:33-37. [PMID: 30639463 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine fibroids are a common morbidity in women and its prevalence is increasing with age. As maternal age rises, fibroids become more prevalent during pregnancy. AIM To assess perinatal outcome and long-term health of children to mothers with uterine fibroids during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN A population-based cohort analysis assessing long-term hospitalizations of offspring, up to the age of 18 years, due to gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, endocrine, and respiratory morbidity, following pregnancies diagnosed with and without a fibroid uterus. Multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis adjusted for maternal clusters and other possible confounders was performed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox survival regression models were used to compare cumulative morbidity incidence and control for confounders. SUBJECTS All singleton deliveries occurring between 1991 and 2014. OUTCOME MEASURES Perinatal outcome and long-term pediatric morbidity. RESULTS A total of 242,445 singleton deliveries were included; 0.5% of which were diagnosed with uterine fibroids (n = 1237). In the GEE multivariable analyses, advanced maternal age, hypertensive disorder and diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, low birthweight (<2500 g), and small for gestational age newborns, were all independently associated with uterine fibroids during pregnancy. Hospitalizations up to the age of 18 years in the different health categories were comparable between the groups, using Cox regression models, controlled for clinically significant confounders in the long-term outcomes. CONCLUSION Maternal uterine fibroids appear to negatively impact perinatal outcome, mainly fetal growth. However, no independent major impact on future health of the offspring can be detected.
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Bloise E, Ciarmela P, Dela Cruz C, Luisi S, Petraglia F, Reis FM. Activin A in Mammalian Physiology. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:739-780. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00002.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activins are dimeric glycoproteins belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and resulting from the assembly of two beta subunits, which may also be combined with alpha subunits to form inhibins. Activins were discovered in 1986 following the isolation of inhibins from porcine follicular fluid, and were characterized as ovarian hormones that stimulate follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release by the pituitary gland. In particular, activin A was shown to be the isoform of greater physiological importance in humans. The current understanding of activin A surpasses the reproductive system and allows its classification as a hormone, a growth factor, and a cytokine. In more than 30 yr of intense research, activin A was localized in female and male reproductive organs but also in other organs and systems as diverse as the brain, liver, lung, bone, and gut. Moreover, its roles include embryonic differentiation, trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall in early pregnancy, and fetal/neonate brain protection in hypoxic conditions. It is now recognized that activin A overexpression may be either cytostatic or mitogenic, depending on the cell type, with important implications for tumor biology. Activin A also regulates bone formation and regeneration, enhances joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, and triggers pathogenic mechanisms in the respiratory system. In this 30-yr review, we analyze the evidence for physiological roles of activin A and the potential use of activin agonists and antagonists as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrrico Bloise
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
| | - Cynthia Dela Cruz
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
| | - Stefano Luisi
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
| | - Fernando M. Reis
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and
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Arpaci H. Major determinants of circulating myostatin in polycystic ovary syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1383-1389. [PMID: 30680017 PMCID: PMC6327416 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the possible impact of hormonal and demographic parameters of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on the circulating levels of myostatin. The study cohort comprised 46 patients with PCOS and 42 healthy female controls, and all subjects were of normal weight. Multiple regression analysis was applied to investigate the possible associations between serum myostatin levels and other laboratory parameters. Evaluation of the levels of myostatin revealed no significant differences between the PCOS and control groups (P>0.05). In the control group, no significant correlations were identified between the myostatin levels and any other laboratory parameters. Only low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the PCOS group were revealed to be significantly, although negatively, associated with myostatin levels (P=0.018). In the regression model of the PCOS group, an increase in LDL-C and prolactin (PRL) were associated with a decrease in myostatin (P=0.001 and P=0.013, respectively). Furthermore, a decrease in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and monocytes were associated with an increase in myostatin (P=0.028, P<0.001 and P=0.026, respectively). An increase in triglycerides was also associated with an increase in myostatin (P=0.001). In the regression model of the control group, a decrease in LDL-C was associated with an increase in myostatin (P=0.003) and a decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone was associated with a decrease in myostatin (P=0.028). These results indicated that the normal range of myostatin levels in patients with PCOS is regulated by changes in the circulating levels of PRL, LDL-C, SHBG, triglycerides, monocytes and FBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haldun Arpaci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars 36000, Turkey
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Ali M, Shahin SM, Sabri NA, Al-Hendy A, Yang Q. 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Enhances the Antifibroid Effects of Ulipristal Acetate in Human Uterine Fibroids. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:812-828. [PMID: 30514160 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118812720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both European and American trials showed superior effect of ulipristal acetate (UPA) to placebo. However, the latter, which included black patients with known higher vitaminD3 deficiency risk, showed lower rate of amenorrhea responders and insignificant uterine fibroid (UF) size reduction. Our objective is to investigate whether adding vitamin D3 to UPA can enhance UPA potency on UF phenotype in vitro. METHODS We screened the antiproliferative effect of different (UPA/vitaminD3) combinations on UF cell proliferation using dimethylthiazolyl diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cells then were treated with UPA 100 nM in the presence or absence of vitamin D3 100 nM, and expression level of several markers related to proliferation, apoptosis, fibrosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis was measured on RNA or at protein level using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunofluorescence, or multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. RESULTS Significant dose- and time-dependent growth inhibitory effects of UPA/vitamin D3 combinations were observed compared to untreated cells at 2 and 4 days (P < .05). Importantly, vitamin D3/UPA combination significantly reduced cell proliferation as compared to UPA at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days (P < .05). Combination treatment significantly decreased protein expression of proliferation markers Ki-67, PCNA, and CyclinD1 by more than 50% compared to UPA (P < .05) along with a significant increase in apoptosis induction. Combination treatment resulted in a 2-fold decrease in protein levels of extracellular matrix markers collagen-1 and fibronectin besides pro-fibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor β3 (P < .05). Moreover, it significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukins 6, 8, 1α, and 1β compared to UPA (P < .05). CONCLUSION Combination of vitamin D3 with UPA exhibits additional and orchestrated anti-UF effects, therefore might offer a more favorable clinical option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S, Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Mahmoud Shahin
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Ali Sabri
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S, Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S, Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Ciebiera M, Włodarczyk M, Zgliczyńska M, Łukaszuk K, Męczekalski B, Kobierzycki C, Łoziński T, Jakiel G. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor α in the Biology of Uterine Fibroids and the Related Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3869. [PMID: 30518097 PMCID: PMC6321234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract. The incidence of UFs has been estimated at 25⁻80% depending on selected population. The pathophysiology of UFs remains poorly understood. The transformation of smooth muscle cells of the uterus into abnormal, immortal cells, capable of clonal division, is the main component of all pathways leading to UF tumor formation and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) is believed to be one of the key factors in this field. TNF-α is a cell signaling protein involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines responsible for the acute phase reaction. This publication presents current data about the role of tumor necrosis factor α in the biology of UFs and the related symptoms. TNF-α is an extremely important cytokine associated with the biology of UFs, UF-related symptoms and complaints. Its concentration has been proven to be elevated in women with clinically symptomatic UFs. The presented data suggest the presence of an "inflammation-like" state in women with UFs where TNF-α is a potent inflammation inducer. The origin of numerous symptoms reported by women with UFs can be traced back to the TNF-α influence. Nevertheless, our knowledge on this subject remains limited and TNF-α dependent pathways in UF pathophysiology should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zgliczyńska
- Students' Scientific Association at the I Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Łukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 80-172 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Błażej Męczekalski
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-513 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Christopher Kobierzycki
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-001 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Jakiel
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
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Ciebiera M, Włodarczyk M, Wrzosek M, Wojtyła C, Błażej M, Nowicka G, Łukaszuk K, Jakiel G. TNF-α serum levels are elevated in women with clinically symptomatic uterine fibroids. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2018; 32:2058738418779461. [PMID: 29809057 PMCID: PMC5977422 DOI: 10.1177/2058738418779461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are one of the most common pathologies of the female genital tract. The incidence of UFs has been estimated at 25-80%. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a cell-signaling protein involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines responsible for the acute phase reaction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of clinically symptomatic UFs on TNF-α serum levels. A total of 149 Caucasian women were included: 85 patients admitted for surgery due to clinically symptomatic UFs (n = 85; study group) and 64 age-matched UF-free controls (n = 64). TNF-α serum concentrations between the groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also used as a statistical model to evaluate TNF-α as a marker for UFs. Mean TNF-α serum concentration in the study group was 0.34 ± 0.14 pg/mL; (in half of the subjects, the level did not exceed 0.39 pg/mL. Mean TNF-α serum concentration in the control group was 0.17 ± 0.09 pg/mL; in half of the subjects, the level did not exceed 0.14 pg/mL. The difference was statistically significant. Using the area under the ROC curve, we found that TNF-α serum concentration of 0.34 pg/mL can be used as a predictor for UFs in selected populations. In our study, we confirmed higher TNF-α serum concentrations in women with clinically symptomatic UFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- 1 First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Wojtyła
- 1 First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Męczekalski Błażej
- 3 Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Łukaszuk
- 4 Department of Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,5 INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Jakiel
- 1 First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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40
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Activin A induces leiomyoma cell proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and myofibroblastic transformation of myometrial cells via p38 MAPK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:447-453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhao H, Li Y, Xu Q, Peng F, Zhao J, Webb RC, Peng C, Yu C. Establishment of a rat model for uterine leiomyomas based on Western and traditional Chinese medicine theories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7627. [PMID: 29972430 PMCID: PMC6040866 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) are benign monoclonal tumors that arise from the underlying myometrial tissue in the uterus. Effective therapies are still lacking because of poor understanding of the pathophysiology and epidemiology. Hence, it is urgent to establish efficient animal models to screen novel anti-UL therapies. In this study, for the first time, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine were combined to establish an animal model of ULs in rats. In order to evaluate the function and value of the novel model, it was compared with other models. The long-term and short-term rat models for ULs were established using progesterone and diethylstilbestrol. Rats in Qi stagnation and blood stasis group were injected with epinephrine hydrochloride and received chronic unpredictable stress for two weeks. Rats in combining disease with syndrome group (CDWSG) received not only epinephrine hydrochloride injection and chronic unpredictable stress but also progesterone and diethylstilbestrol treatment. We analyzed differences in organ coefficient, uterus size, uterine pathology, concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, expression of desmin, α-smooth muscle actin, and vimentin among the five groups. The animal model of ULs was successfully constructed by loading the rats with estrogen and progesterone. The rat model of CDWSG was more stable than other groups and the method was the most efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - QiuXia Xu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - JinShuang Zhao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Cheng Peng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - ChengHao Yu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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42
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Islam MS, Castellucci C, Fiorini R, Greco S, Gagliardi R, Zannotti A, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Frega NG, Pacetti D, Ciarmela P. Omega-3 fatty acids modulate the lipid profile, membrane architecture, and gene expression of leiomyoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7143-7156. [PMID: 29574773 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids or myomas) are the most common benign tumors of premenopausal women and new medical treatments are needed. This study aimed to determine the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the lipid profile, membrane architecture and gene expression patterns of extracellular matrix components (collagen1A1, fibronectin, versican, or activin A), mechanical signaling (integrin β1, FAK, and AKAP13), sterol regulatory molecules (ABCG1, ABCA1, CAV1, and SREBF2), and mitochondrial enzyme (CYP11A1) in myometrial and leiomyoma cells. Myometrial tissues had a higher amount of arachidonic acid than leiomyoma tissues while leiomyoma tissues had a higher level of linoleic acid than myometrial tissues. Treatment of primary myometrial and leiomyoma cells with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduced the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content and increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content in both cell types. Myometrial and leiomyoma cell membranes were in the liquid-crystalline phase, but EPA- and DHA-treated cells had decreased membrane fluidity. While we found no changes in the mRNA expression of ECM components, EPA and DHA treatment reduced levels of ABCG1, ABCA1, and AKAP13 in both cell types. EPA and DHA also reduced FAK and CYP11A1 expression in myometrial cells. The ability of omega-3 fatty acids to remodel membrane architecture and downregulate the expression of genes involved in mechanical signaling and lipid accumulation in leiomyoma cells offers to further investigate this compound as preventive and/or therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Clara Castellucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Fiorini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano R Giannubilo
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Natale G Frega
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle , Marche, Ancona, Italy
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43
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Islam MS, Akhtar MM, Segars JH, Castellucci M, Ciarmela P. Molecular targets of dietary phytochemicals for possible prevention and therapy of uterine fibroids: Focus on fibrosis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3583-3600. [PMID: 28609115 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1245649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (myomas or leiomyomas) are common benign tumors of reproductive aged women. Fibroids are clinically apparent in 20-50% of women, and cause abnormal uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and discomfort, pregnancy complications and infertility. Unfortunately, limited numbers of medical treatment are available but no effective preventive strategies exist. Moreover, the benefits of medical treatments are tempered by lack of efficacy or serious adverse side effects. Fibrosis has recently been recognized as a key pathological event in leiomyoma development and growth. It is defined by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM plays important role in making bulk structure of leiomyoma, and ECM-rich rigid structure is believed to be a cause of abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain/pressure. Dietary phytochemicals are known to regulate fibrotic process in different biological systems, and being considered as potential tool to manage human health. At present, very few dietary phytochemicals have been studied in uterine leiomyoma, and they are mostly known for their antiproliferative effects. Therefore, in this review, our aim was to introduce some dietary phytochemicals that could target fibrotic processes in leiomyoma. Thus, this review could serve as useful resource to develop antifibrotic drugs for possible prevention and treatment of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,b Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Most Mauluda Akhtar
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,c Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - James H Segars
- d Howard W. and Georgeanna Seegar Jones Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Mario Castellucci
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,e Department of Information Engineering , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
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44
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Islam MS, Giampieri F, Janjusevic M, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Mazzoni L, Greco S, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Mezzetti B, Capocasa F, Castellucci M, Battino M, Ciarmela P. An anthocyanin rich strawberry extract induces apoptosis and ROS while decreases glycolysis and fibrosis in human uterine leiomyoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:23575-23587. [PMID: 28212568 PMCID: PMC5410328 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are highly prevalent benign tumors in reproductive aged women. Unfortunately, medical treatments are still limited and no preventive therapies have been developed. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of strawberry extract on uterine leiomyoma cells. Leiomyoma and myometrial cells were treated with strawberry (cultivar Alba) extract (250 μg/ml) for 48 h to measure apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative phosphorylation (OCR, oxygen consumption rate) and glycolysis (ECAR, extracellular acidification rate) as well as fibrosis associated gene and/or protein expression. In leiomyoma cells, strawberry increased the percentage of apoptotic and dead cells. Strawberry significantly increased ROS concentration in leiomyoma cells, while decreased it in myometrial cells. After strawberry treatment, leiomyoma cells showed a significant decreased rate of ECAR, while OCR was unchanged in both myometrial and leiomyoma cells. Strawberry significantly decreased collagen1A1, fibronectin and versican mRNA expression in leiomyoma cells. The reduced protein expression of fibronectin was observed by strawberry extract in leiomyoma cells as well. Furthermore, strawberry was able to reduce activin A induced fibronectin, collagen1A1, and versican as well as activin A and PAI-1 mRNA expression in leiomyoma cells. This study suggests that strawberry can be developed as therapeutic and/or preventive agent for uterine leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Milijana Janjusevic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Mazzoni
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Franco Capocasa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Castellucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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45
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Carrarelli P, Funghi L, Ciarmela P, Centini G, Reis FM, Dela Cruz C, Mattei A, Vannuccini S, Petraglia F. Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis and Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Express High Levels of Myostatin and Its Receptors Messenger RNAs. Reprod Sci 2017; 24:1577-1582. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117698579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Carrarelli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Funghi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Centini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fernando M. Reis
- Division of Human Reproduction, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Dela Cruz
- Division of Human Reproduction, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alberto Mattei
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Vannuccini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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46
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Islam MS, Segars JH, Castellucci M, Ciarmela P. Dietary phytochemicals for possible preventive and therapeutic option of uterine fibroids: Signaling pathways as target. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:57-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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Chang HM, Qiao J, Leung PCK. Oocyte-somatic cell interactions in the human ovary-novel role of bone morphogenetic proteins and growth differentiation factors. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 23:1-18. [PMID: 27797914 PMCID: PMC5155571 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmw039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initially identified for their capability to induce heterotopic bone formation,
bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional growth factors that belong
to the transforming growth factor β superfamily. Using cellular and
molecular genetic approaches, recent studies have implicated intra-ovarian BMPs as
potent regulators of ovarian follicular function. The bi-directional communication
of oocytes and the surrounding somatic cells is mandatory for normal follicle
development and oocyte maturation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on
the physiological role and molecular determinants of these ovarian regulatory
factors within the human germline-somatic regulatory loop. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The regulation of ovarian function remains poorly characterized in humans because,
while the fundamental process of follicular development and oocyte maturation is
highly similar across species, most information on the regulation of ovarian
function is obtained from studies using rodent models. Thus, this review focuses
on the studies that used human biological materials to gain knowledge about human
ovarian biology and disorders and to develop strategies for preventing, diagnosing
and treating these abnormalities. SEARCH METHODS Relevant English-language publications describing the roles of BMPs or growth
differentiation factors (GDFs) in human ovarian biology and phenotypes were
comprehensively searched using PubMed and the Google Scholar database. The
publications included those published since the initial identification of BMPs in
the mammalian ovary in 1999 through July 2016. OUTCOMES Studies using human biological materials have revealed the expression of BMPs,
GDFs and their putative receptors as well as their molecular signaling in the
fundamental cells (oocyte, cumulus/granulosa cells (GCs) and theca/stroma cells)
of the ovarian follicles throughout follicle development. With the availability of
recombinant human BMPs/GDFs and the development of immortalized human cell lines,
functional studies have demonstrated the physiological role of intra-ovarian
BMPs/GDFs in all aspects of ovarian functions, from follicle development to
steroidogenesis, cell–cell communication, oocyte maturation, ovulation and
luteal function. Furthermore, there is crosstalk between these potent ovarian
regulators and the endocrine signaling system. Dysregulation or naturally
occurring mutations within the BMP system may lead to several female reproductive
diseases. The latest development of recombinant BMPs, synthetic BMP inhibitors,
gene therapy and tools for BMP-ligand sequestration has made the BMP pathway a
potential therapeutic target in certain human fertility disorders; however,
further clinical trials are needed. Recent studies have indicated that GDF8 is an
intra-ovarian factor that may play a novel role in regulating ovarian functions in
the human ovary. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Intra-ovarian BMPs/GDFs are critical regulators of folliculogenesis and human
ovarian functions. Any dysregulation or variations in these ligands or their
receptors may affect the related intracellular signaling and influence ovarian
functions, which accounts for several reproductive pathologies and infertility.
Understanding the normal and pathological roles of intra-ovarian BMPs/GDFs,
especially as related to GC functions and follicular fluid levels, will inform
innovative approaches to fertility regulation and improve the diagnosis and
treatment of ovarian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Room 317, 950 West 28 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Room 317, 950 West 28 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4H4
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Chang HM, Fang Y, Liu PP, Cheng JC, Yang X, Leung PCK. Connective tissue growth factor mediates growth differentiation factor 8-induced increase of lysyl oxidase activity in human granulosa-lutein cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 434:186-98. [PMID: 27392496 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an essential enzyme for the stabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the subsequent follicle and oocyte maturation. Currently, there is limited information pertaining to the regulation of LOX activity in human ovarian tissue. Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) is a unique member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that is expressed in human granulosa cells and has important roles in regulating a variety of ovarian functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of GDF8 on the regulation of LOX expression and activity in human granulosa cells and to examine the underlying molecular determinants. An established immortalized human granulosa cell line (SVOG) and primary granulosa-lutein cells were used as study models. Using dual inhibition approaches (TGF-β type I inhibitor SB505124 and small interfering RNAs) and ChIP analyses, we have demonstrated that GDF8 up-regulated the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) through the activin receptor-like kinase 5-mediated SMAD2/3-SMAD4 signaling pathways. In addition, the increase in CTGF expression contributed to the GDF8-induced increase in LOX expression and activity. Our findings suggest that GDF8 and CTGF may play critical roles in the regulation of ECM formation in human granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Pang-Pin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Xiaokui Yang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.
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49
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Janjusevic M, Greco S, Islam MS, Castellucci C, Ciavattini A, Toti P, Petraglia F, Ciarmela P. Locostatin, a disrupter of Raf kinase inhibitor protein, inhibits extracellular matrix production, proliferation, and migration in human uterine leiomyoma and myometrial cells. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:1530-1538.e1. [PMID: 27565262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in human myometrium and leiomyoma as well as to determine the effect of locostatin (RKIP inhibitor) on extracellular matrix (ECM) production, proliferation, and migration in human myometrial and leiomyoma cells. DESIGN Laboratory study. SETTING Human myometrium and leiomyoma. PATIENT(S) Thirty premenopausal women who were admitted to the hospital for myomectomy or hysterectomy. INTERVENTION(S) Myometrial and leiomyoma tissues were used to investigate the localization and the expression level of RKIP through immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Myometrial and leiomyoma cells were treated with locostatin (10 μM) to measure ECM expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction, GSK3β expression by Western blotting, cell migration by wound-healing assay, and cell proliferation by MTT assay and immunocytochemistry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The expression of RKIP in human myometrial and leiomyoma tissue; ECM components and GSK3β expression, migration, and proliferation in myometrial and leiomyoma cells. RESULT(S) RKIP is expressed in human myometrial and leiomyoma tissue. Locostatin treatment resulted in the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway (ERK phosphorylation), providing a powerful validation of our targeting protocol. Further, RKIP inhibition by locostatin reduces ECM components. Moreover, the inhibition of RKIP by locostatin impaired cell proliferation and migration in both leiomyoma and myometrial cells. Finally, locostatin treatment reduced GSK3β expression. Therefore, even if the activation of MAPK pathway should increase proliferation and migration, the destabilization of GSK3β leads to the reduction of proliferation and migration of myometrial and leiomyoma cells. CONCLUSION(S) Our results indicate that RKIP may be involved in leiomyoma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milijana Janjusevic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Clara Castellucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Toti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Reis FM, Bloise E, Ortiga-Carvalho TM. Hormones and pathogenesis of uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 34:13-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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