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Gao Q, Cheng K, Cai L, Duan Y, Liu Y, Nie Z, Li Q. Aβ 1-42 stimulates an increase in autophagic activity through tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in HTR-8/SVneo cells and late-onset pre-eclampsia. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10203-7. [PMID: 38777993 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Environmental changes can trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and misfolded protein accumulation, potentially leading to pre-eclampsia (PE). Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a crucial misfolded protein that can overactivate autophagy. Our study assessed the expression of Aβ1-42 and autophagic activity in PE placental tissues and trophoblasts under ER stress. Placental tissues were surgically collected from normal pregnant women (NP) and pregnant women with late-onset PE (LOPE) delivering through cesarean section. The expression levels of Aβ1-42 were detected in both PE and NP placental tissues, as well as in tunicamycin (TM)-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells. Autophagy-related proteins, such as Beclin-1, the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I, ATG5, and SQSTM1/p62 in the placental tissues and HTR-8/SVneo cells were measured by Western blot. The number and morphology of autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Potential targets associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the placental tissues of NP and PE cases were screened using PCR Arrays. The misfolded protein was significantly upregulated in the PE group. In both PE placental tissues and TM-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells, not only was Aβ1-42 upregulated, but also Beclin-1, ATG5, and LC3BII/I were significantly increased, accompanied by an increase in autophagosome count, while SQSTM1/P62 was downregulated. A total of 17 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the UPR were identified, among which elevated calnexin (CANX) was validated in the placenta from both PE and TM-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells. Autophagy is significantly upregulated in PE cases due to ER stress-induced Aβ1-42 accumulation, likely mediated by autophagy-related proteins involved in the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Leiming Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Yuping Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Zhiwen Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wusong Central Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200940, China.
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Cong J, Li M, Wang Y, Ma H, Yang X, Gao J, Wang L, Wu X. Protective effects of electroacupuncture on polycystic ovary syndrome in rats: Down-regulating Alas2 to inhibit apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian granulosa cells. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102090. [PMID: 37075681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder affecting women at reproductive age. The therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on PCOS has been revealed, while the anti-PCOS mechanisms of EA have not been fully explored. In this study, PCOS were induced in rats by daily injection with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 20 days and EA treatment was performed for 5 weeks. The mRNA expression profiles in ovarian tissues from control, PCOS, and EA-treated rats were examined by high-throughput mRNA sequencing. 5'-aminolevulinate synthase 2 (Alas2), a vital rate-limiting enzyme of the heme synthesis pathway, was selected to be further studied. PCOS led to the upregulation of Alas2 mRNA, whereas EA treatment restored this change. In vitro, primary ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) were challenged with H2O2 to mimic the oxidative stress (OS) state in PCOS. H2O2 induced apoptosis, OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as Alas2 overexpression in GCs, while lentivirus-mediated Alas2 knockdown evidently restrained the above impairments. In summary, this study highlights the crucial role of Alas2 in cell apoptosis, OS, and mitochondrial dysfunction of PCOS GCs and provides potential therapeutic candidates for further investigation on PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cong
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Mubai Li
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongli Ma
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingshu Gao
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoke Wu
- The First Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Yallampalli C, Betancourt A, Mishra A, Pennington KA, Ruano SH, Tacam M, Chauhan M. Role of adrenomedullin2/ intermedin in pregnancy induced vascular and metabolic adaptation in mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1116042. [PMID: 36875025 PMCID: PMC9982084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adrenomedullin2 (AM2) shares its receptor with Calcitonin gene related peptide and adrenomedullin with overlapping but distinct biological functions. Goal of this study was to assess the specific role of Adrenomedullin2 (AM2) in pregnancy induced vascular and metabolic adaptation using AM2 knockout mice (AM2 -/-). Method : The AM2 -/- mice were successfully generated using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Nuclease Cas nine system. Phenotype of pregnant AM2 -/- mice was assessed with respect to its fertility, blood pressure regulation, vascular health and metabolic adaptations and compared to the wild type littermates (AM2 +/+). Results : Current data shows that AM2 -/- females are fertile with no significant difference in number of pups/litter compared to the AM2 +/+. However, ablation of AM2 decreases the gestational length and the total number of pups born dead or that die after birth is greater in AM2 -/- mice compared to AM2 +/+ mice (p < 0.05). Further AM2 -/- mice exhibit elevated blood pressure and elevated vascular sensitivity for the contractile responses to angiotensin two and higher serum sFLT-1 trigylcerides levels compared to AM2 +/+(p < 0.05). In addition, AM2 -/- mice develop glucose intolerance with elevated serum levels of Insulin during pregnancy compared to the AM2 +/+mice. Discussion: Current data suggests a physiological role for AM2 in pregnancy induced vascular and metabolic adaptations in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Madhu Chauhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Chauhan M, Betancourt A, Balakrishnan M, Mishra A, Espinosa J, Shamshirsaz AA, Fox K, Belfort M, Yallampalli C. Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide, Adrenomedullin, and Adrenomedullin 2 Function in Uterine Artery During Human Pregnancy. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6374898. [PMID: 34558598 PMCID: PMC8574633 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its family members adrenomedullin (ADM) and adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2; also known as intermedin) support vascular adaptions in rat pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the relaxation response of uterine artery (UA) for CGRP, ADM, and ADM2 in nonpregnant and pregnant women and identify the involved mechanisms. FINDINGS (1) Segments of UA from nonpregnant women that were precontracted with U46619 (1μM) in vitro are insensitive to the hypotensive effects of CGRP, ADM, and ADM2; (2) CGRP, ADM, and ADM2 (0.1-100nM) dose dependently relax UA segments from pregnant women with efficacy for CGRP > ADM = ADM2; (3) the relaxation responses to CGRP, ADM, and ADM2 are differentially affected by the inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (L-NAME), adenylyl cyclase (SQ22536), apamin, and charybdotoxin; (4) UA smooth muscle cells (UASMC) express mRNA for calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)1 and RAMP2 but not RAMP3; (5) receptor heterodimer comprising CRLR/RAMP1 and CRLR/RAMP2 but not CRLR/RAMP3 is present in UA; (6) soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFLT-1) and TNF-α treatment decrease the expression of RAMP1 mRNA (P < 0.05) in UASMC; and (7) sFLT-1 treatment impairs the association of CRLR with all 3 peptides while TNF-α inhibits the interaction of CGRP but not ADM or ADM2 with CRLR in UASMC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Relaxation sensitivity of UA for CGRP, ADM, and ADM2 is increased during pregnancy via peptide-specific involvement of NO system and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors; vascular disruptors such as sFLT-1 and TNFα adversely impact their receptor system in UASMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Chauhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: Madhu Chauhan, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ancizar Betancourt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meena Balakrishnan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jimmy Espinosa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alireza A Shamshirsaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karin Fox
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Belfort
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chandra Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: Chandra Yallampalli, DMV, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Chauhan M, Betancourt A, Balakrishnan M, Mishra A, Fox K, Belfort M, Yallampalli C. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and angiotensin2 target calcitonin gene-related peptide family peptides in maternal vascular smooth muscle cells in pregnancy†. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:1071-1083. [PMID: 33624744 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CALCB), adrenomedullin (ADM), and adrenomedullin2 (ADM2) are hypotensive peptides that belong to CALCB family of peptides. Goal of this study was to identify the effect of fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFLT-1) and angiotensin2 (Ang2) on the function of these peptides in OA smooth muscle cells (OASMC) and assess the sensitivity of OA for these peptides in preeclampsia (PE) and normotensive pregnancy. METHODS Peptide function was assessed by Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) assays and wire myograph; mRNA expression by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and protein-protein interaction by proximity ligation assay and co-immunoprecipitation. FINDINGS All three peptides increased cAMP synthesis in the order of efficacy CALCB > ADM = ADM2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in OASMC (P < 0.05); sFLT-1 mediated decrease in cAMP synthesis (P < 0.05) is differentially rescued by all three CALCB family peptides in OASMC (P < 0.005); sFLT-1 decreased receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)1 and RAMP2 mRNA expression (P < 0.05); Ang2 decreased the expression of calcitonin-receptor-like receptor and RAMP1 mRNA and desensitized CALCB and ADM2 receptors in OASMC (P < 0.05); sFLT-1 increased RAMP1and Ang2 type 1 receptor (AT1R) interaction in OASMC which is inhibited in presence of all three peptides; and all three peptides relax OA in PE with enhanced ADM2 response (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION sFLT-1 and Ang2 impair OASMC mediated functional responses of CALCB family peptides which can be inhibited by respective peptide treatment. The sensitivity of OA for CALCB, ADM, and ADM2-mediated relaxation is retained in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Chauhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ancizar Betancourt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meena Balakrishnan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karin Fox
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Belfort
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chandra Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Gu C, Park S, Seok J, Jang HY, Bang YJ, Kim GIJ. Altered expression of ADM and ADM2 by hypoxia regulates migration of trophoblast and HLA-G expression†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:159-169. [PMID: 32997116 PMCID: PMC7786263 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a placental disorder caused by endothelial dysfunction via trophoblast inadequate invasion activity. Adrenomedullin (ADM) and ADM2 are multifunctional peptides that can support vascular activity and placental growth. However, correlation between ADMs and trophoblast functions is currently unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in expression of ADMs in placenta and HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells under hypoxia and their effects on invasion activity of trophoblast cells and expression of HLA-G. In placental tissues of PE, expression levels of ADM and HLA-G were significantly increased (P < 0.05) whereas expression of ADM2 was decreased compared to that in normal term placenta. Under hypoxia, expression levels of ADM, ADM2, and HLA-G and invasion ability of trophoblast cells were increased in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α)- dependent manner (P < 0.05). Treatment with ADMs agonists reduced HIF-1α activity whereas enhanced invasion ability under hypoxia. However, they were not changed after cotreatment of ADMs and HIF-1α inhibitor, YC-1, although expression levels of invasion-related genes MMP2, MMP9, and Rac1 were altered (P < 0.05). ADMs also increased HLA-G expression under normoxia whereasADM2 or cotreatment of ADMs under hypoxia attenuated HLA-G expression (P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate that altered expression of ADMs plays a critical role in placental physiology, especially in trophoblast invasion and immune-modulation under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changdai Gu
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare (SMESH) Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohae Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ju Bang
- Seoulin Bioscience Co., Ltd, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - G I Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Neuroprotection of Intermedin Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Cerebral Microcirculation Improvement and Apoptosis Inhibition. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:767-777. [PMID: 32910355 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the primary cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced microcirculatory dysfunction and organ injury generally occur after ischemic stroke. Several studies have shown that intermedin (IMD) has a regulating function on cerebral microcirculation and blood-brain barrier via relaxing cerebral vessels and improving the local blood supply after cerebral ischemia. However, a unified conclusion has not been reached, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To observe and analyze the changes of cerebral microcirculation perfusion of cerebral IRI by IMD post-treatment in the rats and further explore the mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of IMD on cerebral IRI. Thirty-nine rats were divided into three groups: sham, I/R, and I/R + IMD groups. After IMD ischemia post-treatment, the rat cerebral infarction rate and the degree of neurological deficit were evaluated by TTC staining and neurological function score; the changes in the amount of cerebral microcirculation implantation on the injured side of the rats were observed by laser Doppler; the pathological changes and cell ultrastructure of rat cortex and hippocampus were observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy; the neuron apoptosis in the rat cortex and hippocampus was detected by TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical staining. Impaired neurological function, abnormal cortical/hippocampal neuron morphology, and the proportion of cerebral infarction were significantly improved in the IMD group compared with the I/R group, which suggested a possible neuroprotective role of IMD. IMD treatment also increased the average perfusion of cerebral surface microcirculation in rats by astonished 42.7 times. Finally, IMD administration decreased the caspase-3- and Bax-positive cell numbers and apoptotic cell ratio. IMD has a significant protective effect on neuronal damage caused by cerebral I/R in rats by improving cerebral microcirculation and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Matrix metalloproteinases improves trophoblast invasion and pregnancy potential in mice. Theriogenology 2020; 151:144-150. [PMID: 32344273 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Successful implantation is closely linked to the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, which greatly influence the ability of an embryo to degrade the basement membrane of the uterine epithelium, mainly composed of type IV collagen, and invade the uterine stroma. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of MMP-2 and MMP-9 co-transfer with embryos on reproductive performance in mice. Using invasion assay, we tested the effect of MMP-2 and MMP-9 for their ability to support trophoblastic invasion in vitro. We performed co-transfer of MMP-2 and MMP-9 with mouse embryos to 2.5 days post-coitum (dpc) pseudo-pregnant uteri using nonsurgical embryo transfer (NSET) technique and evaluated the pregnancy outcomes. Uterine tissue samples were collected to determine collagen content by Masson's trichrome staining. Our results showed that in vitro treatment of MMP-2 and MMP-9 significantly promoted both spreading and invasion of mouse trophoblastic cells compared to the non-treated blastocysts. Moreover, embryo transfer results showed that MMP-9 co-transfer enhanced pregnancy outcome inform of live pup rate by degrading the extracellular matrix, collagen, and facilitate embryo implantation. Taken together our findings imply that MMP-9 can regulate trophoblastic cell invasion during preimplantation, which may have important consequences on embryo implantation, and shed the light on new strategies to avoid miscarriage and provides a platform for successful human embryo transfer technologies.
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Qu H, Xu F, Hu H, Zhang Q, Ye Y. Reduced ELABELA expression attenuates trophoblast invasion through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in early onset preeclampsia. Placenta 2019; 87:38-45. [PMID: 31546152 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early onset preeclampsia is linked to abnormal trophoblast invasion, leading to insufficient recasting of uterine spiral arteries and shallow placental implantation. This study investigated ELABELA (ELA) expression and its involvement in the pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR and Western blot to calculate ELA levels in the placentas. Transwell assays were utilize to assess the invasion and migration of trophoblastic Cells. Western blot was used to identify the concentrations of vital kinases in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and invasion-related proteins in trophoblast cells. RESULTS ELA was expressed in villous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts in placental tissue. Compared with the normal pregnancies, ELA mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in early onset preeclampsia placentas. In the HTR-8/SVneo cells, when ELA was knocked down, the invasion and migration capability of cells decreased significantly, with MMP2 and MMP9 expression downregulated and the expression of important kinases in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways being significantly decreased compared to the control group. Overexpression of ELA was on the contrary. Besides, while PI3K was blocked, the invasion and migration capability of HTR-8/SVneo cells and the expression of key kinases in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were decreased significantly. DISCUSSION ELA stimulates the invasion and migration of trophoblastic cells through activation of downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and is complicit in early onset preeclampsia pathogenesis. Our research offers a potential novel treatment for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hongmei Qu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Fengsen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Zhang SY, Xu MJ, Wang X. Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin: a putative drug candidate for treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1230-1240. [PMID: 28407200 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) 2/intermedin (IMD) is a short peptide that belongs to the CGRP superfamily. Although it shares receptors with CGRP, ADM and amylin, ADM2 has significant and unique functions in the cardiovascular system. In the past decade, the cardiovascular effect of ADM2 has been carefully analysed. In this review, progress in understanding the effects of ADM2 on the cardiovascular system and its protective role in cardiometabolic diseases are summarized. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
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Novel Regulators of Hemodynamics in the Pregnant Uterus. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 145:181-216. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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