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Sun B, Si N, Wei X, Wang H, Wang H, Liu Y, Jiang S, Liu H, Yang J, Xia B, Chen L, Bian B, Zhao H. Multi-omics reveals bufadienolide Q-markers of Bufonis Venenum based on antitumor activity and cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155914. [PMID: 39121534 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bufonis Venenum (BV) is a traditional animal-based Chinese medicine with therapeutic effects against cancer. However, its clinical use is significantly restricted due to associated cardiovascular risks. BV's value in China's market is typically assessed based on "content priority," focusing on indicator components. However, these components of BV possess both antitumor activity and toxicity, and the correlation between the antitumor activity and toxicity of BV has not yet been elucidated. PURPOSE This study employs an integrated multi-omics approach to identify bufadienolide Q-markers and explore the correlation between BV's antitumor activity and toxicity. The aim is to establish a more comprehensive method for BV's quality. METHODS Normal zebrafish and HepG2 xenograft zebrafish were chosen as activity and toxicity evaluation models. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a linear ion trap orbitrap (LTQ-Orbitrap) mass spectrometry was used to quantify eight batches of BV and key "toxic and effective" components were screened out. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity and cardiovascular toxicity of the key components in BV. RESULTS Eight key "toxic and effective" compounds were identified: resibufogenin, cinobufagin, arenobufagin, bufotalin, bufalin, gamabufotalin, desacetylcinobufagin, and telocinobufagin. The findings showed that bufalin and cinobufagin interfered with calcium homeostasis through CaV and CaSR, induced cardiotoxicity, and upregulated CASP9 to activate myocardial cell apoptosis. However, desacetylcinobufagin exhibited greater potential in terms of anti-tumor effects. Combining the results of untargeted and targeted metabolomics revealed that desacetylcinobufagin could have a callback effect on differential lipids and correct abnormal energy and amino acid metabolism caused by cancer, similar to cinobufagin and bufalin. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) ligand binding measurements also showed that the binding of desacetylcinobufagin to GPX4 has a more potent ability to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells compared to cinobufagin. CONCLUSION An innovative evaluation method based on the zebrafish was developed to investigate the relationship between the toxicity and efficacy of BV. This study identified toxicity and activity Q-markers and explored the mechanism between the two effects of BV. The research data could offer valuable insights into the efficacy of BV. Additionally, desacetylcinobufagin, an active ingredient with low toxicity, was found to enhance the quality of BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huining Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jiaying Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Hunter Biotechnology Inc., Zhejiang Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Jiang N, Jin S, Yu C, Zhao J, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X. Efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive agents for adults with lupus nephritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1232244. [PMID: 37901212 PMCID: PMC10611487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1232244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Various immunosuppressive regimens have been developed for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive regimens in adults with LN. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, including conference proceedings, trial registries, and reference lists, from inception until July 10, 2022. The effects of treatment were compared and ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). The primary endpoint was total remission. The secondary endpoints were complete remission, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI), relapse, all-cause mortality, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), infection, herpes zoster, ovarian failure, myelosuppression, and cancer. Results Sixty-two trials reported in 172 studies involving 6,936 patients were included in the network meta-analysis. The combination of tacrolimus (TAC), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and glucocorticoid (GC) provided the best result for the total remission rate (SUCRA, 86.63%) and SLEDAI (SUCRA, 91.00%), while the combination of voclosporin (VCS) , MMF and GC gave the best improvement in the complete remission rate (SUCRA, 90.71%). The combination of cyclophosphamide (CYC), MMF and GC was associated with the lowest risk of relapse (SUCRA, 85.57%) and cancer (SUCRA, 85.14%), while the combination of obinutuzumab (OTB), MMF and GC was associated with the lowest risk of all-cause mortality (SUCRA, 84.07%). Rituximab (RTX) plus MMF plus GC was associated with the lowest risk of ESRD (SUCRA, 83.11%), while the risk of infection was lowest in patients treated with azathioprine (AZA) plus CYC plus GC (SUCRA, 68.59%). TAC plus GC was associated with the lowest risk of herpes zoster (SUCRA, 87.67%) and ovarian failure (SUCRA, 73.60%). Cyclosporine (CsA) plus GC was associated with the lowest risk of myelosuppression (SUCRA, 79.50%), while AZA plus GC was associated with the highest risk of myelosuppression (SUCRA, 16.25%). Discussion This study showed that a combination of TAC, MMF and GC was the best regimen for improving the total remission rate. The optimal regimen for specific outcomes should be highlighted for high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shangyi Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Lane BM, Gbadegesin RA. The case for treatment of monogenic SRNS with calcineurin inhibitors. Kidney Int 2023; 103:839-841. [PMID: 37085258 PMCID: PMC10434727 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, no evidence-based guidelines exist for treatment of children with monogenic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. A retrospective study on 141 patients from Malakasioti et al. revealed that 27.6% responded to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) treatment, and 75% of responders maintained stable kidney function. Virtually all CNI nonresponders developed progressive loss of kidney function. This study emphasized roles for CNIs in patients with monogenic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, and the need for future studies to identify CNI response biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Lane
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rasheed A Gbadegesin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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4
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Njeim R, Alkhansa S, Fornoni A. Unraveling the Crosstalk between Lipids and NADPH Oxidases in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051360. [PMID: 37242602 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Abnormal lipid metabolism and intrarenal accumulation of lipids have been shown to be strongly correlated with the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, fatty acids, and sphingolipids are among the lipids that are altered in DKD, and their renal accumulation has been linked to the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, NADPH oxidase-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a critical role in the development of DKD. Several types of lipids have been found to be tightly linked to NADPH oxidase-induced ROS production. This review aims to explore the interplay between lipids and NADPH oxidases in order to provide new insights into the pathogenesis of DKD and identify more effective targeted therapies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Njeim
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sahar Alkhansa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
- AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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5
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Yang Y, Shi W, Li C, Li L, Li J, Chen Y, Shi Q, Xie Z, Wang M, Zhang H, Zhao X, Chen Y, Li R, Liu S, Ye Z, Zhang L, Liang X. Growth associated protein 43 deficiency promotes podocyte injury by activating the calmodulin/calcineurin pathway under hyperglycemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:104-114. [PMID: 36963347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and finding potential therapeutic interventions that can mitigate podocyte injury holds significant clinical relevance. This study was to elucidate the role of growth associated protein-43(Gap43) in podocyte injury of high glucose (HG). We confirmed the expression of Gap43 in human glomerulus and found that Gap43 expression was downregulated in podocytes of patients with DKD and HG-treated podocytes in vitro. Gap43 knockdown in podocytes promoted podocyte apoptosis, increased migration ability and decreased nephrin expression, while overexpression of Gap43 markedly suppressed HG-induced injury. Moreover, the increased expression and activity of calcineurin (CaN) were also abrogated by overexpression Gap43 in HG. Pretreatment with a typical CaN inhibitor FK506 in Gap43 knockdown podocytes restored the injury. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation experiments suggested that Gap43 could bind to calmodulin (CaM). Pull-down assay further demonstrated that Gap43 and CaM directly interacts with each other via amino acids 30-52 of Gap43 and amino acids 133-197 of CaM. In addition, we also identified Pax5 as potential transcription inhibitor factor mediating Gap43 expression. In conclusion, the study indicated that the Gap43/CaM-CaN pathway may be exploited as a promising therapeutic target for protecting against podocyte injury in high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wanxin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cuili Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yingwen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qingying Shi
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuanhan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruizhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xinling Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Drovandi S, Lugani F, Boyer O, La Porta E, Giordano P, Hummel A, Knebelmann B, Cornet J, Baujat G, Lipska-Ziętkiewicz BS, Ghiggeri GM, Caridi G, Angeletti A. Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis Syndrome Associated Nephropathy: Novel Variants of MAFB Gene and Literature Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4423. [PMID: 35956038 PMCID: PMC9369440 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicentric carpo-tarsal osteolysis (MCTO) is a rare osteolysis syndrome mainly involving carpal and tarsal bones usually presenting in early childhood. MCTO has autosomal dominant inheritance with heterozygous mutation in the MAFB gene. The skeletal disorder is often associated with chronic kidney disease. Data on clinical characterization and best treatment option of MCTO-associated nephropathy are scarce and mostly limited to case reports. With the aim to better define the phenotype and long-term outcomes of MCTO-associated nephropathy, we launched an online survey through the Workgroup for hereditary glomerulopathies of the European Rare Kidney Disease Network (ERKNet). Overall, we collected clinical and genetic data of 54 MCTO patients, of which 42 previously described and 12 new patients. We observed a high rate of kidney involvement (70%), early age of kidney disease onset, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and a kidney survival around of 40% at long-term follow-up. Our finding confirmed the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and widen the spectrum of phenotypes resulting from MCTO-associated nephropathy. Furthermore, we report the first case of complete remission after treatment with cyclosporine A. We demonstrated that multidisciplinary care is essential for MCTO patients and early referral to nephrologists is therefore warranted to facilitate prompt treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Drovandi
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (S.D.); (E.L.P.); (P.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Francesca Lugani
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Olivia Boyer
- PHP, Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Institut Imagine, Centre de Référence MARHEA, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (O.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Edoardo La Porta
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (S.D.); (E.L.P.); (P.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Paolo Giordano
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (S.D.); (E.L.P.); (P.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Aurélie Hummel
- PHP, Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Institut Imagine, Centre de Référence MARHEA, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (O.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Bertrand Knebelmann
- Nephrology Department, Reference Center for Inherited Kidney Diseases (MARHEA), APHP, Necker Hospital, Paris University, 75015 Paris, France; (B.K.); (J.C.)
| | - Joséphine Cornet
- Nephrology Department, Reference Center for Inherited Kidney Diseases (MARHEA), APHP, Necker Hospital, Paris University, 75015 Paris, France; (B.K.); (J.C.)
| | - Genevieve Baujat
- Reference Centre for Constitutional Bone Diseases, Laboratory of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Beata S. Lipska-Ziętkiewicz
- Rare Diseases Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Clinical Genetics Unit, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (S.D.); (E.L.P.); (P.G.); (G.M.G.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Caridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (S.D.); (E.L.P.); (P.G.); (G.M.G.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.C.)
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7
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How immunosuppressive drugs may directly target podocytes in glomerular diseases. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:1431-1441. [PMID: 34244853 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes are the direct target of immunologic injury in many immune-mediated glomerular diseases, leading to proteinuria and subsequent kidney failure. Immunosuppressive agents such as steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and rituximab are the commonly used treatment strategies in this context for their immunotherapeutic or anti-inflammatory properties. However, in recent years, studies have demonstrated that immunosuppressive agents can have a direct effect on podocytes, introducing the concept of the non-immunologic mechanism of kidney protection by immunomodulators. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms by which these agents may directly target the podocyte independent of their systemic effects and examine their clinical significance.
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Interaction of human phospholipid scramblase 1 with cholesterol via CRAC motif is essential for functional regulation and subcellular localization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:850-857. [PMID: 35439477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (hPLSCR1) possesses a putative cholesterol binding CRAC (cholesterol interaction/recognition amino acid consensus) motif at the C-terminal. The CRAC motif of hPLSCR1 interacts with cholesterol with an energy of interaction -64.39 KJ mol-1. Since palmitoylated hPLSCR1 localizes to the cholesterol-rich lipid rafts, the interaction between hPLSCR1 and raft cholesterol is highly likely. The present study investigated the hPLSCR1-cholesterol interaction in plasma membrane via putative CRAC motif. hPLSCR1 remains at cholesterol-rich lipid rafts as long as they interact. This interaction is inhibited by mutations in the CRAC motif or cholesterol depletion. Thus, CRAC mutants I300D hPLSCR1 and ΔCRAC hPLSCR1 diffused to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) dose-dependently reduced cell viability in A549 cells. However, cholesterol depletion released 1.74 ± 0.12 times Ca2+ to the cytosol in A549 cells. Similarly, cholesterol depletion increased intracellular Ca2+ release by 1.81 ± 0.13 and 4.11 ± 0.19 times in RAJI cells expressing hPLSCR1 and ΔCRAC hPLSCR1, respectively. Moreover, the expression of hPLSCR1 and ΔCRAC hPLSCR1 increased apoptosis in RAJI cells by 21 ± 1.5% and 53.50 ± 4.40%, respectively. It was further increased to 43 ± 2.5% and 71.4 ± 1.4% upon cholesterol depletion. The current work links hPLSCR1 expression with cholesterol depletion, intracellular Ca2+ release, and induction of apoptosis.
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Ritchie JA, Ng JQ, Kemi OJ. When one says yes and the other says no; does calcineurin participate in physiologic cardiac hypertrophy? ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2022; 46:84-95. [PMID: 34762541 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00104.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing engaging activities that build skills for understanding and appreciating research is important for undergraduate and postgraduate science students. Comparing and contrasting opposing research studies does this, and more: it also appropriately for these cohorts challenges higher level cognitive processing. Here, we present and discuss one such scenario, that of calcineurin in the heart and its response to exercise training. This scenario is further accentuated by the existence of only two studies. The background is that regular aerobic endurance exercise training stimulates the heart to physiologically adapt to chronically increase its ability to produce a greater cardiac output to meet the increased demand for oxygenated blood in working muscles, and this happens by two main mechanisms: 1) increased cardiac contractile function and 2) physiologic hypertrophy. The major underlying mechanisms have been delineated over the last decades, but one aspect has not been resolved: the potential role of calcineurin in modulating physiologic hypertrophy. This is partly because the existing research has provided opposing and contrasting findings, one line showing that exercise training does activate cardiac calcineurin in conjunction with myocardial hypertrophy, but another line showing that exercise training does not activate cardiac calcineurin even if myocardial hypertrophy is blatantly occurring. Here, we review and present the current evidence in the field and discuss reasons for this controversy. We present real-life examples from physiology research and discuss how this may enhance student engagement and participation, widen the scope of learning, and thereby also further facilitate higher level cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Ritchie
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Q Ng
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ole J Kemi
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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10
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Sharma M, Singh V, Sharma R, Koul A, McCarthy ET, Savin VJ, Joshi T, Srivastava T. Glomerular Biomechanical Stress and Lipid Mediators during Cellular Changes Leading to Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:407. [PMID: 35203616 PMCID: PMC8962328 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperfiltration is an important underlying cause of glomerular dysfunction associated with several systemic and intrinsic glomerular conditions leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). These include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), congenital abnormalities and reduced renal mass (low nephron number). Hyperfiltration-associated biomechanical forces directly impact the cell membrane, generating tensile and fluid flow shear stresses in multiple segments of the nephron. Ongoing research suggests these biomechanical forces as the initial mediators of hyperfiltration-induced deterioration of podocyte structure and function leading to their detachment and irreplaceable loss from the glomerular filtration barrier. Membrane lipid-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their metabolites are potent transducers of biomechanical stress from the cell surface to intracellular compartments. Omega-6 and ω-3 long-chain PUFA from membrane phospholipids generate many versatile and autacoid oxylipins that modulate pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory autocrine and paracrine signaling. We advance the idea that lipid signaling molecules, related enzymes, metabolites and receptors are not just mediators of cellular stress but also potential targets for developing novel interventions. With the growing emphasis on lifestyle changes for wellness, dietary fatty acids are potential adjunct-therapeutics to minimize/treat hyperfiltration-induced progressive glomerular damage and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukut Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA;
| | - Vikas Singh
- Neurology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Ram Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Arnav Koul
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Ellen T. McCarthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA;
| | - Virginia J. Savin
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
| | - Tarak Srivastava
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
- Section of Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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11
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Lian Z, Ke G, Zhang H, Dou C, Chen X, Li B, Zhang F, Wen S, Wu Q, Xia Y, Jiang N, Li Z, Li S, Zhao X, Ma J, Lin T, Wen F, Xu L, Li Z, Liang H, Dong W, Chen Y, Li R, Ye Z, Wang W, Liang X, Shi W, Zhang L, Liu S. GAP-43 ameliorates Podocyte injury by decreasing nuclear NFATc1 expression. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101145. [PMID: 34746448 PMCID: PMC8551842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is sufficient to cause glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria, eventually leading to kidney failure. Previous studies found that podocytes and neurons had similar biological characteristics. Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a growth cone protein in neurons, and a marker of axonal and synaptic growth. However, it is not known whether GAP-43 is expressed in podocytes. Compared with normal glomerular podocytes, GAP-43 was significantly reduced in patients with glomerular diseases. GAP-43 also significantly reduced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated podocytes. We found that the decreased expression of nephrin, the cell marker of the podocyte, was significantly recovered with GAP-43 overexpression. In contrast, the migration ability in LPS-treated podocyte was reduction after GAP-43 overexpressing. Moreover, overexpression of GAP-43 attenuated podocyte apoptosis by up-regulating the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax with LPS treatment. Finally, Plaue and Rcan1 which are downstream target gene of NFATc1 decreased with overexpression of GAP-43 podocytes. We concluded that GAP-43 attenuated podocyte injury by inhibiting calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling. The findings may provide a promising treatment for podocyte injury-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Nephrology, Foshan First People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Guibao Ke
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Caoshuai Dou
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bohou Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shichun Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yubin Xia
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhilian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huabang Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuanhan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruizhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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12
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Honerlagen H, Reyer H, Oster M, Ponsuksili S, Trakooljul N, Kuhla B, Reinsch N, Wimmers K. Identification of Genomic Regions Influencing N-Metabolism and N-Excretion in Lactating Holstein- Friesians. Front Genet 2021; 12:699550. [PMID: 34335696 PMCID: PMC8318802 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.699550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Excreted nitrogen (N) of dairy cows contribute to environmental eutrophication. The main N-excretory metabolite of dairy cows is urea, which is synthesized as a result of N-metabolization in the liver and is excreted via milk and urine. Genetic variation in milk urea (MU) has been postulated but the complex physiology behind the trait as well as the tremendous diversity of processes regulating the N-metabolism impede the consistent determination of causal regions in the bovine genome. In order to map the genetic determinants affecting N-excretion, MU and eight other N-excretory metabolites in milk and urine were assessed in a genome-wide association study. Therefore phenotypes of 371 Holstein- Friesians were obtained in a trial on a dairy farm under near commercial conditions. Genotype data comprised SNP information of the Bovine 50K MD Genome chip (45,613 SNPs). Significantly associated genomic regions for MU concentration revealed GJA1 (BTA 9), RXFP1, and FRY1 (both BTA 12) as putative candidates. For milk urea yield (MUY) a promising QTL on BTA 17 including SH3D19 emerged, whereas RCAN2, CLIC5, ENPP4, and ENPP5 (BTA 23) are suggested to influence urinary urea concentration. Minor N-fractions in milk (MN) may be regulated by ELF2 and SLC7A11 (BTA 17), whilst ITPR2 and MYBPC1 (BTA 5), STIM2 (BTA 6), SGCD (BTA 7), SLC6A2 (BTA 18), TMCC2 and MFSD4A (BTA 16) are suggested to have an impact on various non-urea-N (NUN) fractions excreted via urine. Our results highlight genomic regions and candidate genes for N-excretory metabolites and provide a deeper insight into the predisposed component to regulate the N-metabolism in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Honerlagen
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Henry Reyer
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Michael Oster
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Björn Kuhla
- Metabolism Efficiency Unit, Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Reinsch
- Livestock Genetics and Breeding Unit, Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Genomics Unit, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.,Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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13
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Lane BM, Murray S, Benson K, Bierzynska A, Chryst-Stangl M, Wang L, Wu G, Cavalleri G, Doyle B, Fennelly N, Dorman A, Conlon S, Vega-Warner V, Fermin D, Vijayan P, Qureshi MA, Shril S, Barua M, Hildebrandt F, Pollak M, Howell D, Sampson MG, Saleem M, Conlon PJ, Spurney R, Gbadegesin R. A Rare Autosomal Dominant Variant in Regulator of Calcineurin Type 1 ( RCAN1) Gene Confers Enhanced Calcineurin Activity and May Cause FSGS. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1682-1695. [PMID: 33863784 PMCID: PMC8425665 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podocyte dysfunction is the main pathologic mechanism driving the development of FSGS and other morphologic types of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Despite significant progress, the genetic causes of most cases of SRNS have yet to be identified. METHODS Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 320 individuals from 201 families with familial and sporadic NS/FSGS with no pathogenic mutations in any known NS/FSGS genes. RESULTS Two variants in the gene encoding regulator of calcineurin type 1 (RCAN1) segregate with disease in two families with autosomal dominant FSGS/SRNS. In vitro, loss of RCAN1 reduced human podocyte viability due to increased calcineurin activity. Cells expressing mutant RCAN1 displayed increased calcineurin activity and NFAT activation that resulted in increased susceptibility to apoptosis compared with wild-type RCAN1. Treatment with GSK-3 inhibitors ameliorated this elevated calcineurin activity, suggesting the mutation alters the balance of RCAN1 regulation by GSK-3β, resulting in dysregulated calcineurin activity and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest mutations in RCAN1 can cause autosomal dominant FSGS. Despite the widespread use of calcineurin inhibitors in the treatment of NS, genetic mutations in a direct regulator of calcineurin have not been implicated in the etiology of NS/FSGS before this report. The findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting RCAN1 regulatory molecules, such as GSK-3β, in the treatment of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Lane
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Susan Murray
- Irish Kidney Gene Project, Department of Genetics, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Katherine Benson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Agnieszka Bierzynska
- Department of Pediatrics, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Chryst-Stangl
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Liming Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Guanghong Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gianpiero Cavalleri
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Brendan Doyle
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont General Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Neil Fennelly
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont General Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Anthony Dorman
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont General Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Shane Conlon
- Irish Kidney Gene Project, Department of Genetics, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Poornima Vijayan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Azfar Qureshi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirlee Shril
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Moumita Barua
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Pollak
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Howell
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew G. Sampson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Moin Saleem
- Department of Pediatrics, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Conlon
- Irish Kidney Gene Project, Department of Genetics, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beaumont General Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Robert Spurney
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rasheed Gbadegesin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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14
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Ma R, Wang Y, Xu Y, Wang R, Wang X, Yu N, Li M, Zhou Y. Tacrolimus Protects Podocytes from Apoptosis via Downregulation of TRPC6 in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:8832114. [PMID: 34095318 PMCID: PMC8163546 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8832114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury plays an important role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and apoptosis is one of its mechanisms. The transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) is expressed in podocytes and mediates podocyte injury induced by high glucose levels. Tacrolimus is a novel immunosuppressive agent that is reported to play an important role in podocyte protection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of podocyte protection by tacrolimus in a type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) rat model and in immortalized mouse podocytes (MPC5). Transmission electron microcopy was used to evaluate renal injury morphology. After treatment with FK506, we measured 24-hour urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios and creatinine clearance rates as well as major biochemical parameters such as glucose, insulin, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Nephrin and TRPC6 protein expression and podocyte apoptotic rates in vivo and in vitro were measured using immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to measure expression of cleaved-caspase-3 and bax/bcl-2. Exposed to high glucose (HG), DM rats exhibited disrupted biochemical conditions and impaired podocyte structure. Decreased expression of nephrin and increased expression of TRPC6, cleaved-caspase-3, and bax/bcl-2 ratios were found in podocytes, along with higher apoptotic percentage, while tacrolimus intervention counteracted the effect of HG on podocytes. Our results suggest that tacrolimus protects podocytes during the progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy, possibly ameliorating podocyte apoptosis by downregulating the expression of TRPC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xianghua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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15
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Wan Nasri WN, Makpol S, Mazlan M, Tooyama I, Wan Ngah WZ, Damanhuri HA. Tocotrienol Rich Fraction Supplementation Modulate Brain Hippocampal Gene Expression in APPswe/PS1dE9 Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:S239-S254. [PMID: 30507571 PMCID: PMC6700627 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of memory and other cognitive abilities. AD is associated with aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposited in the hippocampal brain region. Our previous work has shown that tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) supplementation was able to attenuate the blood oxidative status, improve behavior, and reduce fibrillary-type Aβ deposition in the hippocampus of an AD mouse model. In the present study, we investigate the effect of 6 months of TRF supplementation on transcriptome profile in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice. TRF supplementation can alleviate AD conditions by modulating several important genes in AD. Moreover, TRF supplementation attenuated the affected biological process and pathways that were upregulated in the AD mouse model. Our findings indicate that TRF supplementation can modulate hippocampal gene expression as well as biological processes that can potentially delay the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nurzulaikha Wan Nasri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Musalmah Mazlan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Seta Tsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Shen X, Zhang Y, Lin C, Weng C, Wang Y, Feng S, Wang C, Shao X, Lin W, Li B, Wang H, Chen J, Jiang H. Calcineurin inhibitors ameliorate PAN-induced podocyte injury through the NFAT-Angptl4 pathway. J Pathol 2020; 252:227-238. [PMID: 32686149 DOI: 10.1002/path.5512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury plays a vital role in proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome. Calcineurin (CaN) inhibitors are effective in reducing proteinuria. However, their molecular mechanism is still not fully understood. Angiopoietin-like-4 (ANGPTL4) is a secreted protein that mediates proteinuria in podocyte-related nephropathy. In this study, we established a puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced minimal-change disease (MCD) rat model and a cultured podocyte injury model. We found that CaN inhibitors protected against PAN-induced podocyte injury, accompanied by an inhibition of Nfatc1 and Angptl4 both in vivo and in vitro. Nfatc1 overexpression and knockdown experiments indicated that Angptl4 was regulated by Nfatc1 in podocytes. ChIP assays further demonstrated that Nfatc1 increased Angptl4 expression by binding to the Angptl4 promoter. In addition, overexpression and knockdown of Angptl4 revealed that Angptl4 directly induced rearrangement of the cytoskeleton of podocytes, reduced the expression of synaptopodin, and enhanced PAN-induced podocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, in a cohort of 83 MCD and 94 membranous nephropathy (MN) patients, we found increased expression of serum ANGPTL4 compared to 120 healthy controls, and there were close correlations between serum ANGPTL4 and Alb, urinary protein, urinary Alb, eGFR, Scr, and BUN in MCD patients. No obvious correlation was found in MN patients. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that increased ANGPTL4 in MCD and MN patients was located mostly in podocytes. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CaN inhibitors ameliorate PAN-induced podocyte injury by targeting Angptl4 through the NFAT pathway, and Angptl4 plays a vital role in podocyte injury and is involved in human podocyte-related nephropathy. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujin Shen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuan Lin
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shi Feng
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Cuili Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xue Shao
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Lin
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Bingjue Li
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Haibing Wang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases; Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
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17
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Shen X, Weng C, Wang Y, Wang C, Feng S, Li X, Li H, Jiang H, Wang H, Chen J. Lipopolysaccharide-induced podocyte injury is regulated by calcineurin/NFAT and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways through angiopoietin-like protein 4. Genes Dis 2020; 9:443-455. [PMID: 35224159 PMCID: PMC8843862 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is an important cause of proteinuria. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4) is a secreted glycoprotein and has a role in proteinuria. However, the exact role of Angptl4 in podocyte injury and its upstream regulators has not been clarified. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice and cultured podocytes as podocyte injury models. Our results indicated that LPS increased the expression of podocyte Angptl4 in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that Angptl4 overexpression deteriorated LPS-induced podocyte injury by inducing podocyte cytoskeleton rearrangement, reducing the expression of synaptopodin while Angptl4 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced podocyte injury. In addition, we found that inhibitors and siRNA targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling inhibited the upregulation of Angptl4 in LPS-induced podocytes. Moreover, inhibitors and siRNA targeting calcineurin/NFAT signaling also relieved LPS-induced Angptl4 expression and podocyte injury in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our study has elucidated that both of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and calcineurin/NFAT signaling mediate the upregulation of Angptl4 in LPS-induced podocytes, which has important implications for further understanding the molecular mechanism of LPS-induced podocyte injury.
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18
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Saoud R, Jaffa MA, Habib A, Zhao J, Al Hariri M, Zhu R, Hasan A, Ziyadeh FN, Kobeissy F, Mechref Y, Jaffa AA. Modulation of proteomic and inflammatory signals by Bradykinin in podocytes. J Adv Res 2020; 24:409-422. [PMID: 32518694 PMCID: PMC7270529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte damage is one of the hallmarks of diabetic nephropathy leading to proteinuria and kidney damage. The underlying mechanisms of podocyte injury are not well defined. Bradykinin (BK) was shown to contribute to diabetic kidney disease. Here, we evaluated the temporal changes in proteome profile and inflammatory signals of podocytes in response to BK (10−7M). Protein profile was evaluated by liquid chromatography mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Proteome profile analysis of podocytes treated with BK (10−7M) for 3 and 6 h, revealed 61 proteins that were differentially altered compared to unstimulated control podocytes. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested inhibition of cell death pathways, engagement of cytoskeletal elements and activation of inflammatory pathways. One of the inflammatory proteins that was identified to be induced by BK treatment is Prostaglandin (PG) H Synthase-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2). In addition, BK significantly induced the production and release of PGE2 and this effect was inhibited by both COX-2 and MEK Kinase inhibitors, demonstrating that the production of PGE2 by BK is mediated via COX-2 and MAPK-dependent mechanisms. These findings provide a global understanding of the effector modulated proteome in response to BK and also reveal BK as an important modulator of inflammation and a potential player in podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Saoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Miran A Jaffa
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,INSERM-U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université de Paris, France
| | - Jingfu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Moustafa Al Hariri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar
| | - Fuad N Ziyadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Ayad A Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
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19
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Ozlu H, Cakir Gundogdu A, Elmazoglu Z, Take Kaplanoglu G, Oktar L, Karasu C. Bacopa Monnieri Protects the Directly Affected Organ as Well as Distant Organs Against I/R Injury by Modulating Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nitrosative Pathways in A Rat Model for Infra-Renal Aortic Occlusion. J INVEST SURG 2020; 34:935-946. [PMID: 32003261 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1716118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of B. monnieri, a medicinal plant, on kidney and skeletal muscle injury induced by infra-renal abdominal aorta clamping for 2-hours (ischemia) and following removal of the clamp (reperfusion, 2-hours). METHODS Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): (I) animals given only saline (sham-control); (II) animals given B. monnieri extract for 10-days (300 mg/kg/day) (Bacopa-treated sham); (III) animals subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R); (IV) animals given B. monnieri extract and then subjected to I/R. Kidneys and lower extremity muscles were examined for GPx, CAT, iNOS, 3-NT, IL-1β and TNF-α. Apoptosis and injury were evaluated by TUNEL and H&E staining, respectively. RESULTS I/R resulted in TUNEL positive cells, periarterial edema and glomerular capillary dilatation, decreased GPx activity, unchanged CAT, iNOS, 3-NT, IL-1β and TNF-α in kidney. B. monnieri minimized renal remote reperfusion injury, and Group IV showed a lower degree of renal histopathology score when compared to the others. B. monnieri mitigated muscle I/R injury, decreased muscle hypertrophy, myofibril abnormalities and apoptosis. Muscle 3-NT and cytokine levels were increased by I/R, and B. monnieri inhibited iNOS and 3-NT both in sham-control and I/R groups. Muscle GPx unaffected by I/R or B. monnieri, but CAT was inhibited only in B. monnieri-treated I/R group. Muscle iNOS, 3-NT, IL-1β, TNF-α levels and CAT activity of B. monnieri-treated I/R rats were lower than those in sham-control or Bacopa-treated sham. CONCLUSIONS B. monnieri can protect the directly affected organ as well as distant organs against I/R injury by modulating anti-inflammatory and anti-nitrosative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ozlu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Cakir Gundogdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Elmazoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cellular Stress Response & Signal Transduction Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Take Kaplanoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Oktar
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cimen Karasu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cellular Stress Response & Signal Transduction Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Wang L, Chang JH, Buckley AF, Spurney RF. Knockout of TRPC6 promotes insulin resistance and exacerbates glomerular injury in Akita mice. Kidney Int 2020; 95:321-332. [PMID: 30665571 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in TRPC6 cause familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and TRPC6 is upregulated in glomerular diseases including diabetic kidney disease. We studied the effect of systemic TRPC6 knockout in the Akita model of type 1 diabetes. Knockout of TRPC6 inhibited albuminuria in Akita mice at 12 and 16 weeks of age, but this difference disappeared by 20 weeks. Knockout of TRPC6 also reduced tubular injury in Akita mice; however, mesangial expansion was significantly increased. Hyperglycemia and blood pressure were similar between TRPC6 knockout and wild-type Akita mice, but knockout mice were more insulin resistant. In cultured podocytes, knockout of TRPC6 inhibited expression of the calcium/calcineurin responsive gene insulin receptor substrate 2 and decreased insulin responsiveness. Insulin resistance is reported to promote diabetic kidney disease independent of blood glucose levels. While the mechanisms are not fully understood, insulin activates both Akt2 and ERK, which inhibits apoptosis signal regulated kinase 1 (ASK1)-p38-induced apoptosis. In cultured podocytes, hyperglycemia stimulated p38 signaling and induced apoptosis, which was reduced by insulin and ASK1 inhibition and enhanced by Akt or ERK inhibition. Glomerular p38 signaling was increased in TRPC6 knockout Akita mice and was associated with enhanced expression of the p38 gene target cyclooxygenase 2. These data suggest that knockout of TRPC6 in Akita mice promotes insulin resistance and exacerbates glomerular disease independent of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jae-Hyung Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anne F Buckley
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert F Spurney
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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21
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Hall G, Wang L, Spurney RF. TRPC Channels in Proteinuric Kidney Diseases. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010044. [PMID: 31877991 PMCID: PMC7016871 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a decade ago, mutations in the gene encoding TRPC6 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6) were linked to development of familial forms of nephrosis. Since this discovery, TRPC6 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of non-genetic forms of kidney disease including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), diabetic nephropathy, immune-mediated kidney diseases, and renal fibrosis. On the basis of these findings, TRPC6 has become an important target for the development of therapeutic agents to treat diverse kidney diseases. Although TRPC6 has been a major focus for drug discovery, more recent studies suggest that other TRPC family members play a role in the pathogenesis of glomerular disease processes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review highlights the data implicating TRPC6 and other TRPC family members in both genetic and non-genetic forms of kidney disease, focusing on TRPC3, TRPC5, and TRPC6 in a cell type (glomerular podocytes) that plays a key role in proteinuric kidney diseases.
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22
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Li X, Wu X, Gao Y, Hao L, Sun S. Apoptosis-linked antifungal effect of ambroxol hydrochloride by cystolic calcium concentration disturbance in resistant Candida albicans. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1601-1604. [PMID: 31802417 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9830-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xuexin Wu
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Lina Hao
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Department, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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23
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Lang Y, Zhao Y, Zheng C, Lu Y, Wu J, Zhu X, Zhang M, Yang F, Xu X, Shi S, Liu Z. MiR-30 family prevents uPAR-ITGB3 signaling activation through calcineurin-NFATC pathway to protect podocytes. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:401. [PMID: 31127093 PMCID: PMC6534572 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is upregulated in podocytes of glomerular diseases and crucially mediates podocyte injury through integrin β3 (ITGB3). We previously showed that the miR-30 family maintains podocyte structure and function by inhibiting injurious calcineurin signaling through nuclear factor of activated T cells C (NFATC). Here, we tested whether the miR-30-calcineurin-NFATC and uPAR-ITGB3 pathways, two of the major pathways leading to podocyte injury, could interact. We found that podocyte-specific miR-30 knockdown in mice induced uPAR upregulation and ITGB3 activation, accompanied by proteinuria and podocyte injury. These effects of miR-30 knockdown were reduced using inhibitors of ITGB3, calcineurin, and NFATC, respectively, which are known to be antiproteinuric. These results indicate that miR-30 deficiency leads to calcineurin-NFATC signaling activation, which in turn activates the uPAR-ITGB3 pathway. In cultured podocytes, miR-30 knockdown also activated uPAR-ITGB3 signaling, leading to Rho GTPase activation, synaptopodin downregulation and podocyte injury. To explore uPAR-ITGB3 signaling regulation by miR-30 in podocytopathy development, we treated mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and found that miR-30 was downregulated in podocytes, accompanied by uPAR upregulation and ITGB3 activation. We obtained the same results in cultured podocytes treated with LPS. Podocyte-specific transgenic miR-30 abolished uPAR-ITGB3 signaling and ameliorated podocyte injury and proteinuria in mice. Taken together, these experiments show that uPAR-ITGB3 signaling is negatively regulated by miR-30 through calcineurin-NFATC pathway, a novel mechanism underlying podocyte injury in glomerular diseases. Our study has elucidated the relationship among the crucial players governing podocyte pathophysiology and the antiproteinuric actions of drugs commonly used for podocytopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Chunxia Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Yinghui Lu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Fan Yang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China.
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China.
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24
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Park C, Kwon DH, Hwang SJ, Han MH, Jeong JW, Hong SH, Cha HJ, Hong SH, Kim GY, Lee HJ, Kim S, Kim HS, Choi YH. Protective Effects of Nargenicin A1 against Tacrolimus-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hirame Natural Embryo Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16061044. [PMID: 30909475 PMCID: PMC6466173 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16061044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus is widely used as an immunosuppressant to reduce the risk of rejection after organ transplantation, but its cytotoxicity is problematic. Nargenicin A1 is an antibiotic extracted from Nocardia argentinensis and is known to have antioxidant activity, though its mode of action is unknown. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of nargenicin A1 on DNA damage and apoptosis induced by tacrolimus in hirame natural embryo (HINAE) cells. We found that reduced HINAE cell survival by tacrolimus was due to the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis, both of which were prevented by co-treating nargenicin A1 or N-acetyl-l-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, with tacrolimus. In addition, apoptosis induction by tacrolimus was accompanied by increases in ROS generation and decreases in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, and these changes were significantly attenuated in the presence of nargenicin A1, which further indicated tacrolimus-induced apoptosis involved an oxidative stress-associated mechanism. Furthermore, nargenicin A1 suppressed tacrolimus-induced B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) down-regulation, Bax up-regulation, and caspase-3 activation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that nargenicin A1 protects HINAE cells against tacrolimus-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, at least in part, by scavenging ROS and thus suppressing the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
| | - Da Hye Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Su Jung Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Min Ho Han
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea.
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 17104, Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
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25
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Ma R, Xu Y, Zhou H, Zhang D, Yao D, Song L, Liu Y. Participation of the AngII/TRPC6/NFAT axis in the pathogenesis of podocyte injury in rats with type 2 diabetes. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2421-2430. [PMID: 30664212 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 ion channel is expressed in podocytes and is an important component of the glomerular slit diaphragm. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is closely associated with TRPC6 gene mutations, and TRPC6 mediates podocyte injury induced by high glucose. Angiotensin II (AngII) has been revealed to enhance TRPC6 currents in certain types of cells, including podocytes and ventricular myocytes. It has been reported that glucose regulated TRPC6 expression in an AngII‑dependent manner in podocytes and that this pathway is critical in diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, the role of TRPC6 detected by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction in AngII‑mediated podocyte injury was evaluated in rats with type 2 diabetes induced by high‑calorie diets and streptozotocin. The results demonstrated that urinary albumin excretion was elevated, and morphological changes, including glomerular basement membrane thickening and podocyte process effacement, were observed. There was increased expression of AngII and TRPC6 in diabetic rats. The angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan significantly reduced TRPC6 and nuclear factor of activated T‑cells (NFAT) overexpression in diabetic rats. These results in vivo were confirmed by studies in vitro, which demonstrated that inhibition of TRPC6 ameliorated high glucose‑induced podocyte injury by decreasing NFAT mRNA levels. Taken together, the present results suggested that the AngII/TRPC6/NFAT axis may be a crucial signaling pathway in podocytes that is necessary for maintaining the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. In addition, TRPC6 may represent a potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Hanyan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Limin Song
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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26
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Li H, Zhang W, Zhong F, Das GC, Xie Y, Li Z, Cai W, Jiang G, Choi J, Sidani M, Hyink DP, Lee K, Klotman PE, He JC. Epigenetic regulation of RCAN1 expression in kidney disease and its role in podocyte injury. Kidney Int 2018; 94:1160-1176. [PMID: 30366682 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that epigenetic modification is important in kidney disease pathogenesis. To determine whether epigenetic regulation is involved in HIV-induced kidney injury, we performed genome-wide methylation profiling and transcriptomic profiling of human primary podocytes infected with HIV-1. Comparison of DNA methylation and RNA sequencing profiles identified several genes that were hypomethylated with corresponding upregulated RNA expression in HIV-infected podocytes. Notably, we found only one hypermethylated gene with corresponding downregulated RNA expression, namely regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1). Further, we found that RCAN1 RNA expression was suppressed in glomeruli in human diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus nephritis, and in mouse models of HIV-associated nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy. We confirmed that HIV infection or high glucose conditions suppressed RCAN1 expression in cultured podocytes. This suppression was alleviated upon pretreatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, suggesting that RCAN1 expression is epigenetically suppressed in the context of HIV infection and diabetic conditions. Mechanistically, increased expression of RCAN1 decreased HIV- or high glucose-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity. Increased RCAN1 expression also stabilized actin cytoskeleton organization, consistent with the inhibition of the calcineurin pathway. In vivo, knockout of RCAN1 aggravated albuminuria and podocyte injury in mice with Adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Our findings suggest that epigenetic suppression of RCAN1 aggravates podocyte injury in the setting of HIV infection and diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fang Zhong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gokul C Das
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yifan Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhengzhe Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Weijing Cai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gengru Jiang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jae Choi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamad Sidani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Deborah P Hyink
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul E Klotman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Kidney Center at James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
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Yu MY, Kim YC, Koo HS, Chin HJ. Short-term anti-proteinuric effect of tacrolimus is not related to preservation of the glomerular filtration rate in IgA nephropathy: A 5-year follow-up study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188375. [PMID: 29155873 PMCID: PMC5695802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunosuppressive drug tacrolimus has the short-term effect of reducing proteinuria in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Our study investigated the effects on proteinuria and kidney function after discontinuation of tacrolimus. METHODS Patients with biopsy-proven IgAN were included in the study and randomly divided into two treatment groups. There was a corresponding control group for each treatment group. The first group included patients treated with tacrolimus (Tac vs non-Tac group) and the second group included patients with a renin angiotensin system blocker (RASi vs non-RASi group). The Tac group received treatment for up to 16 weeks, with the administration of tacrolimus being ceased at the final visit (trial phase). We tracked the patients at 12, 24, 52, and 240 weeks (observational phase). The primary outcomes examined were the percentage change (from the trial phase to the observational phase) of time-averaged proteinuria (TA-proteinuria; g/g creatinine [cr]) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Time-averaged proteinuria was defined as the average of urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR), measured every 3 months during both the trial and observational phases of the study. RESULTS A significant reduction in UPCR was observed in the Tac group compared to non-Tac group at the 4 and 8 week visits during the trial phase (p = 0.023 and p = 0.003, respectively). However, the difference between the Tac group and non-Tac group was not evident in the other review periods, estimated by linear mixed effect model. The percentage change in TA-proteinuria was greater in the Tac group than that in the corresponding control group (116 ± 96% vs. 63 ± 239%, p = 0.004). Therefore, during the observational phase, TA-proteinuria was not significantly different between the Tac group and the non-Tac group (1.150 ± 0.733 g/g cr vs. 1.455 ± 2.017 g/g cr, p = 0.775). The levels of eGFR throughout the observational phase were not significantly different between the two groups. Furthermore, the mean rate of eGFR change throughout both phases of the study was -6.4 ± 5.9 mL/min/1.73 m2/year in the non-Tac group and -5.4 ± 7.9 mL/min/1.73 m2/year in the Tac group (p = 0.988). CONCLUSION The anti-proteinuric effect of tacrolimus was promptly reversed 3 months after discontinuing the drug. The use of tacrolimus for a short period of time for patients with IgAN temporarily reduces proteinuria, but the data showed no long-term efficacy regarding proteinuria reduction and improvement of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Yeon Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Suk Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Jun Chin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seong-Nam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Renal Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Yang Q, Sun M, Chen Y, Lu Y, Ye Y, Song H, Xu X, Shi S, Wang J. Triptolide protects podocytes from TGF-β-induced injury by preventing miR-30 downregulation. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:5150-5159. [PMID: 29218112 PMCID: PMC5714798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triptolide is known to have a strong anti-proteinuric effect through direct protection of podocytes from injury and is used to treat glomerular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying its protective effect on podocytes remains elusive. MiR-30 family has recently been shown to be essential for structural and functional homeostasis of podocytes but is downregulated by injurious factors, leading to podocyte injury. In the present study, we explore whether Triptolide protects podocytes through preventing miR-30 downregulation. Since TGF-β signaling is a critical mediator in various podocyte injuries and we previously found that TGF-β induces podocyte injury through downregulating miR-30s, we thus used TGF-β-induced podocyte injury model to address the issue. We found that Triptolide is capable of protecting cultured podocytes from TGF-β-induced cytoskeletal injury and apoptosis, as expected. Consistently, Triptolide also prevented TGF-β-induced signaling activation of MAPK p38, NFkB (p65) and calcineurin/NFATC3, which are known to be downstream mediators of podocyte injury. Meanwhile, Triptolide was found to completely prevent TGF-β-induced miR-30 downregulation, indicating that Triptolide protects podocytes by sustaining miR-30 expression. Mechanistically, we found that Triptolide can prevent TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation/activation, which likely underlies miR-30 restoration by Triptolide. We also performed ex vivo study and found that Triptolide prevented TGF-β-induced miR-30 downregulation and Smad2/3 phosphorylation in the isolated glomeruli of mice or rats. Thus, our study has provided novel insights into the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effectiveness of Triptolide on podocytopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Mengjie Sun
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Ying Chen
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Yuqiu Lu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Hui Song
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of MedicineNanjing 210002, China
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29
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Abdallah MS, Kennedy CRJ, Stephan JS, Khalil PA, Mroueh M, Eid AA, Faour WH. Transforming growth factor-β1 and phosphatases modulate COX-2 protein expression and TAU phosphorylation in cultured immortalized podocytes. Inflamm Res 2017; 67:191-201. [PMID: 29085960 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The aim of this study is to elucidate TGF-β1 signaling pathways involved in COX-2 protein induction and modulation of TAU protein phosphorylation in cultured podocytes. MATERIALS, TREATMENT AND METHODS In vitro cultured immortalized podocytes were stimulated with TGF-β1 in presence and absence of pharmacologic inhibitors for various signaling pathways and phosphatases. Then, COX-2 protein expression, as well as P38MAPK, AKT and TAU phosphorylation levels were evaluated by western blot analysis. RESULTS TGF-β1 induction of COX-2 protein levels was completely blocked by pharmacologic inhibitors of phosphatases, P38 MAPK, or NF-қB pathways. Time course experiments showed that TGF-β1 activated p38 MAPK after 5 min of stimulation. Interestingly, podocyte co-incubated with TGF-β1, high glucose and/or PGE2 showed strong increase in p38 MAPK and AKT phosphorylation as well as COX- 2 protein expression levels. Levels of phosphorylated AKT were further reduced and levels of phosphorylated p38 were increased when PGE2 was added to the culture media. Interestingly, selective phosphatases inhibitors completely abrogated PGE2-induced P38 MAPK and TAU phosphorylation. Also, inhibition of phosphatases reversed TGF-β1-induced COX-2 protein expression either alone or when incubated with high glucose or PGE2. CONCLUSION These data suggest TGF-β1 mediates its effect in podocyte through novel signaling mechanisms including phosphatases and TAU protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya S Abdallah
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, PO Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Christopher R J Kennedy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Centre, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Joseph S Stephan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, PO Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Pamela Abou Khalil
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, PO Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Mroueh
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Assaad A Eid
- School of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wissam H Faour
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, PO Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon.
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30
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Zhang H, Liang S, Du Y, Li R, He C, Wang W, Liu S, Ye Z, Liang X, Shi W, Zhang B. Inducible ATF3-NFAT axis aggravates podocyte injury. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 96:53-64. [PMID: 29038896 PMCID: PMC5760612 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Podocyte injury and loss contribute to proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and eventually kidney failure. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress inducible transcription factor that is transiently expressed following stimulation. However, we show for the first time an induction of ATF3 in podocytes from patients with chronic kidney disease, including minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and diabetic nephropathy. The role of ATF3 induction in podocytes under chronic conditions is currently unknown. Compared with the control (C57 or BKS), ATF3 expression was elevated in animal model of proteinuria (LPS-treated C57 mice) and the model of diabetic nephropathy (db/db mice). Similarly, ATF3 was increased in high glucose (HG)-treated, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated, or Ionomycin-treated podocytes in vitro. Overexpression of ATF3 increased podocyte apoptosis and decreased expression of podocin, the cell marker of podocyte; in contrast, ATF3–small interfering RNA knockdown reduced podocyte apoptosis and increased podocin expression. The translocation of ATF3 to the nucleus was increased upon stimulation. ATF3 directly modulates the regulation of NFATc1 gene promoter activity and alters the expression of Wnt6 and Fzd9, direct target genes of NFATc1 signaling. The ATF3 binding site of NFATc1 gene promoter is located at the region 671–775 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. These results indicate a novel inducible axis of ATF3–NFAT in podocyte injury and loss. Key messages • The stress factor ATF3 is induced in podocytes from proteinuric patients, including diabetes. • ATF3 increased podocyte apoptosis and injury. • ATF3 directly modulates the regulation of NFATc1 gene promoter activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shun Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruizhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chaosheng He
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106# Zhongshan No. 2 Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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31
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Angiotensin II induces calcium/calcineurin signaling and podocyte injury by downregulating microRNA-30 family members. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:887-898. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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32
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Wang L, Sha Y, Bai J, Eisner W, Sparks MA, Buckley AF, Spurney RF. Podocyte-specific knockout of cyclooxygenase 2 exacerbates diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F430-F439. [PMID: 28490532 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00614.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) in podocytes contributes to glomerular injury in diabetic kidney disease, but some basal level of podocyte COX2 expression might be required to promote podocyte attachment and/or survival. To investigate the role of podocyte COX2 expression in diabetic kidney disease, we deleted COX2 specifically in podocytes in a mouse model of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Akita mice). Podocyte-specific knockout (KO) of COX2 did not affect renal morphology or albuminuria in nondiabetic mice. Albuminuria was significantly increased in wild-type (WT) and KO Akita mice compared with nondiabetic controls, and the increase in albuminuria was significantly greater in KO Akita mice compared with WT Akita mice at both 16 and 20 wk of age. At the 20-wk time point, mesangial expansion was also increased in WT and KO Akita mice compared with nondiabetic animals, and these histologic abnormalities were not improved by KO of COX2. Tubular injury was seen only in diabetic mice, but there were no significant differences between groups. Thus, KO of COX2 enhanced albuminuria and did not improve the histopathologic features of diabetic kidney disease. These data suggest that 1) KO of COX2 in podocytes does not ameliorate diabetic kidney disease in Akita mice, and 2) some basal level of podocyte COX2 expression in podocytes is necessary to attenuate the adverse effects of diabetes on glomerular filtration barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yonggang Sha
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - William Eisner
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; and
| | - Matthew A Sparks
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anne F Buckley
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert F Spurney
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina;
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Velez JCQ, Arif E, Rodgers J, Hicks MP, Arthur JM, Nihalani D, Bruner ET, Budisavljevic MN, Atkinson C, Fitzgibbon WR, Janech MG. Deficiency of the Angiotensinase Aminopeptidase A Increases Susceptibility to Glomerular Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2119-2132. [PMID: 28202497 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminopeptidase A (APA) is expressed in glomerular podocytes and tubular epithelia and metabolizes angiotensin II (AngII), a peptide known to promote glomerulosclerosis. In this study, we tested whether APA expression changes in response to progressive nephron loss or whether APA exerts a protective role against glomerular damage and during AngII-mediated hypertensive kidney injury. At advanced stages of FSGS, fawn-hooded hypertensive rat kidneys exhibited distinctly increased APA staining in areas of intact glomerular capillary loops. Moreover, BALB/c APA-knockout (KO) mice injected with a nephrotoxic serum showed persistent glomerular hyalinosis and albuminuria 96 hours after injection, whereas wild-type controls achieved virtually full recovery. We then tested the effect of 4-week infusion of AngII (400 ng/kg per minute) in APA-KO and wild-type mice. Although we observed no significant difference in achieved systolic BP, AngII-treated APA-KO mice developed a significant rise in albuminuria not observed in AngII-treated wild-type mice along with increased segmental and global sclerosis and/or collapse of juxtamedullary glomeruli, microcystic tubular dilation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In parallel, AngII treatment significantly increased the kidney AngII content and attenuated the expression of podocyte nephrin in APA-KO mice but not in wild-type controls. These data show that deficiency of APA increases susceptibility to glomerular injury in BALB/c mice. The augmented AngII-mediated kidney injury observed in association with increased intrarenal AngII accumulation in the absence of APA suggests a protective metabolizing role of APA in AngII-mediated glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Q Velez
- Department of Nephrology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana;
| | | | | | - Megan P Hicks
- Institute of Public and Preventative Health, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and
| | - John M Arthur
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | | | | | - Carl Atkinson
- Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Xu D, Gao X, Bian R, Mei C, Xu C. Tacrolimus improves proteinuria remission in adults with cyclosporine A-resistant or -dependent minimal change disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2016; 22:251-256. [PMID: 28035723 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cyclosporin A (CsA) is considered as an effective treatment option for steroid-resistant or-dependent patients with adult-onset minimal change disease (MCD). However, CsA resistance or dependence is also observed in these patients. Tacrolimus (TAC) is a calcineurin inhibitor that is potent in cytokine suppression. The authors aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAC therapy in CsA-resistant and-dependent adult-onset MCD patients. METHODS Patients with adult-onset MCD were enrolled in our department from 2008 to 2012. All patients were demonstrated to be resistant to or dependent on CsA therapy. Prednisone (0.5 mg/kg per day) combined with TAC (0.05-0.1 mg/kg per day) were prescribed to these patients for at least 6 months. The primary outcome was complete or partial remission of proteinuria. Secondary outcomes included time required for complete or partial remission, adverse events, number of relapses, and TAC dosages. RESULTS A total of 11 MCD patients were enrolled in this observational study. The numbers of patients who presented with resistance to or dependence on CsA were 7 and 4, respectively. The total remission rate was 90.9% (10/11) with the complete remission rate 72.7% (8/11). Most remission patients achieved remission during the first 2 months of TAC therapy. Patients who presented with dependence on CsA had achieved complete remission with TAC therapy, while outcomes for CsA-resistant patients were four complete remissions, two partial remissions and one resistance. The adverse events were observed in this study included infection, diarrhoea, and worsened hypertension. Five patients who had remission experienced relapse. CONCLUSIONS Tacrolimus improves proteinuria remission in adults with CsA-resistant or -dependent MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Xu
- Kidney Institute of PLA, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Kidney Institute of PLA, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Bian
- Kidney Institute of PLA, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changlin Mei
- Kidney Institute of PLA, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- Kidney Institute of PLA, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nephrology, Third affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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35
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Ward F, Bargman JM. Membranous Lupus Nephritis: The Same, But Different. Am J Kidney Dis 2016; 68:954-966. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin A and tacrolimus protect against podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in rodent models. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32087. [PMID: 27580845 PMCID: PMC5007516 DOI: 10.1038/srep32087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury and the appearance of proteinuria are features of minimal-change disease (MCD). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) has been reported to reduce proteinuria in patients with nephrotic syndrome, but mechanisms remain unknown. We, therefore, investigated the protective mechanisms of CsA and FK506 on proteinuria in a rat model of MCD induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and in vitro cultured mouse podocytes. Our results showed that CsA and FK506 treatment decreased proteinuria via a mechanism associated to a reduction in the foot-process fusion and desmin, and a recovery of synaptopodin and podocin. In PAN-treated mouse podocytes, pre-incubation with CsA and FK506 restored the distribution of the actin cytoskeleton, increased the expression of synaptopodin and podocin, improved podocyte viability, and reduced the migrating activities of podocytes. Treatment with CsA and FK506 also inhibited PAN-induced podocytes apoptosis, which was associated with the induction of Bcl-xL and inhibition of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved PARP expression. Further studies revealed that CsA and FK506 inhibited PAN-induced p38 and JNK signaling, thereby protecting podocytes from PAN-induced injury. In conclusion, CsA and FK506 inhibit proteinuria by protecting against PAN-induced podocyte injury, which may be associated with inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway.
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YAO XINGMEI, LIU YUJUN, WANG YUNMAN, WANG HAO, ZHU BINGBING, LIANG YONGPING, YAO WEIGUO, YU HUI, WANG NIANSONG, ZHANG XUEMEI, PENG WEN. Astragaloside IV prevents high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis via downregulation of TRPC6. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:5149-56. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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38
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Wen Y, Liu L, Zhou P, Li H, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liang J. Tacrolimus restores podocyte injury and stabilizes the expression of Cabin1 in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Ren Fail 2016; 38:564-70. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2016.1148936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wu J, Zheng C, Wang X, Yun S, Zhao Y, Liu L, Lu Y, Ye Y, Zhu X, Zhang C, Shi S, Liu Z. MicroRNA-30 family members regulate calcium/calcineurin signaling in podocytes. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4091-106. [PMID: 26436650 DOI: 10.1172/jci81061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calcineurin signaling is critical for normal cellular physiology. Abnormalities in this pathway cause many diseases, including podocytopathy; therefore, understanding the mechanisms that underlie the regulation of calcium/calcineurin signaling is essential. Here, we showed that critical components of calcium/calcineurin signaling, including TRPC6, PPP3CA, PPP3CB, PPP3R1, and NFATC3, are the targets of the microRNA-30 family (miR-30s). We found that these 5 genes are highly expressed as mRNA, but the level of the proteins is low in normal podocytes. Conversely, protein levels were markedly elevated in podocytes from rats treated with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and from patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In both FSGS patients and PAN-treated rats, miR-30s were downregulated in podocytes. In cultured podocytes, PAN or a miR-30 sponge increased TRPC6, PPP3CA, PPP3CB, PPP3R1, and NFATC3 expression; calcium influx; intracellular Ca2+ concentration; and calcineurin activity. Moreover, NFATC3 nuclear translocation, synaptopodin degradation, integrin β3 (ITGB3) activation, and actin fiber loss, which are downstream of calcium/calcineurin signaling, were induced by miR-30 reduction but blocked by the calcineurin inhibitor FK506. Podocyte-specific expression of the miR-30 sponge in mice increased calcium/calcineurin pathway component protein expression and calcineurin activity. The mice developed podocyte foot process effacement and proteinuria, which were prevented by FK506. miR-30s also regulated calcium/calcineurin signaling in cardiomyocytes. Together, our results identify miR-30s as essential regulators of calcium/calcineurin signaling.
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Wen Y, Zhou P, Liu L, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liang J. Effect of the knockdown of Cabin1 on p53 in glomerular podocyte. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:173-80. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1069847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Johnson SA, Spurney RF. Twenty years after ACEIs and ARBs: emerging treatment strategies for diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F807-20. [PMID: 26336162 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00266.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The disease is now the most common cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in developed countries, and both the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. Current treatments are directed at controlling hyperglycemia and hypertension, as well as blockade of the renin angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin receptor blockers. Despite these therapies, DN progresses to ESKD in many patients. As a result, much interest is focused on developing new therapies. It has been over two decades since ACEIs were shown to have beneficial effects in DN independent of their blood pressure-lowering actions. Since that time, our understanding of disease mechanisms in DN has evolved. In this review, we summarize major cell signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, as well as emerging treatment strategies. The goal is to identify promising targets that might be translated into therapies for the treatment of patients with diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Johnson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert F Spurney
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina
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Wen Y, Wang Z, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhou P, Liang J. Cabin1 localizes in glomerular podocyte and undergoes nuclear translocation during podocyte injury. Ren Fail 2015; 37:1344-8. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1073527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Wang L, Jirka G, Rosenberg PB, Buckley AF, Gomez JA, Fields TA, Winn MP, Spurney RF. Gq signaling causes glomerular injury by activating TRPC6. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1913-26. [PMID: 25844902 DOI: 10.1172/jci76767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial forms of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) have been linked to gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the transient receptor potential channel C6 (TRPC6). GPCRs coupled to Gq signaling activate TRPC6, suggesting that Gq-dependent TRPC6 activation underlies glomerular diseases. Here, we developed a murine model in which a constitutively active Gq α subunit (Gq(Q209L), referred to herein as GqQ>L) is specifically expressed in podocytes and examined the effects of this mutation in response to puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis. We found that compared with control animals, animals expressing GqQ>L exhibited robust albuminuria, structural features of FSGS, and reduced numbers of glomerular podocytes. Gq activation stimulated calcineurin (CN) activity, resulting in CN-dependent upregulation of TRPC6 in murine kidneys. Deletion of TRPC6 in GqQ>L-expressing mice prevented FSGS development and inhibited both tubular damage and podocyte loss induced by PAN nephrosis. Similarly, administration of the CN inhibitor FK506 reduced proteinuria and tubular injury but had more modest effects on glomerular pathology and podocyte numbers in animals with constitutive Gq activation. Moreover, these Gq-dependent effects on podocyte injury were generalizable to diabetic kidney disease, as expression of GqQ>L promoted albuminuria, mesangial expansion, and increased glomerular basement membrane width in diabetic mice. Together, these results suggest that targeting Gq/TRPC6 signaling may have therapeutic benefits for the treatment of glomerular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Albuminuria/chemically induced
- Animals
- Calcineurin/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/physiology
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, Reporter
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/chemically induced
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/genetics
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/pathology
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Kidney Glomerulus/pathology
- Kidney Tubules/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mice, Transgenic
- NFATC Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Podocytes/metabolism
- Point Mutation
- Puromycin Aminonucleoside/toxicity
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- TRPC Cation Channels/biosynthesis
- TRPC Cation Channels/deficiency
- TRPC Cation Channels/genetics
- TRPC Cation Channels/physiology
- TRPC6 Cation Channel
- Tacrolimus/pharmacology
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Shengyou Y, Li Y, Zhihong H, Yuanyuan M. Influence of tacrolimus on podocyte injury inducted by angiotensin II. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2015; 16:260-6. [PMID: 25650384 DOI: 10.1177/1470320314568520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shengyou
- Department of Pediatric, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Pediatric, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hao Zhihong
- Department of Pediatric, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ma Yuanyuan
- Department of Pediatric, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, China
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Liu Z, Xing C, Fu P, Ni Z, Chen J, Lin H, Liu F, He Y, He Y, Miao L, Chen N, Li Y, Gu Y, Shi W, Hu W, Liu Z, Bao H, Zeng C, Zhou M. Multitarget therapy for induction treatment of lupus nephritis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162:18-26. [PMID: 25383558 DOI: 10.7326/m14-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) remains challenging. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of a multitarget therapy consisting of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroid compared with intravenous cyclophosphamide and steroid as induction therapy for LN. DESIGN 24-week randomized, open-label, multicenter study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00876616). SETTING 26 renal centers in China. PATIENTS Adults (aged 18 to 65 years) with biopsy-proven LN. INTERVENTION Tacrolimus, 4 mg/d, and mycophenolate mofetil, 1.0 g/d, versus intravenous cyclophosphamide with a starting dose of 0.75 (adjusted to 0.5 to 1.0) g/m2 of body surface area every 4 weeks for 6 months. Both groups received 3 days of pulse methylprednisolone followed by a tapering course of oral prednisone therapy. MEASUREMENTS The primary end point was complete remission at 24 weeks. Secondary end points included overall response (complete and partial remission), time to overall response, and adverse events. RESULTS After 24 weeks of therapy, more patients in the multitarget group (45.9%) than in the intravenous cyclophosphamide group (25.6%) showed complete remission (difference, 20.3 percentage points [95% CI, 10.0 to 30.6 percentage points]; P < 0.001). The overall response incidence was higher in the multitarget group than in the intravenous cyclophosphamide group (83.5% vs. 63.0%; difference, 20.4 percentage points [CI, 10.3 to 30.6 percentage points]; P < 0.001), and the median time to overall response was shorter in the multitarget group (difference, -4.1 weeks [CI, -7.9 to -2.1 weeks]). Incidence of adverse events did not differ between the multitarget and intravenous cyclophosphamide groups (50.3% [91 of 181] vs. 52.5% [95 of 181]). LIMITATION The study was limited to 24 weeks of follow-up. CONCLUSION Multitarget therapy provides superior efficacy compared with intravenous cyclophosphamide as induction therapy for LN. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Basic Research Program of China, National Key Technology R&D Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Changying Xing
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Fu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongli Lin
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongcheng He
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Yani He
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Lining Miao
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Chen
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Li
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Gu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Shi
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Weixin Hu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengzhao Liu
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Bao
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Caihong Zeng
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Minlin Zhou
- From Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China; Renji Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, and Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China; and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong, China
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Zhang L, Li R, Shi W, Liang X, Liu S, Ye Z, Yu C, Chen Y, Zhang B, Wang W, Lai Y, Ma J, Li Z, Tan X. NFAT2 inhibitor ameliorates diabetic nephropathy and podocyte injury in db/db mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:426-39. [PMID: 23826864 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Podocyte injury plays a key role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We have recently shown that 11R-VIVIT, an inhibitor of cell-permeable nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), attenuates podocyte apoptosis induced by high glucose in vitro. However, it is not known whether 11R-VIVIT has a protective effect on DN, especially podocyte injury, under in vivo diabetic conditions. Hence, we examined the renoprotective effects of 11R-VIVIT in diabetic db/db mice and the possible mechanisms underlying its protective effects on podocyte injury in vivo and in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Type 2 diabetic db/db mice received i.p. injections of 11R-VIVIT (1 mg·kg(-1)) three times a week and were killed after 8 weeks. Immortalized mouse podocytes were cultured under different experimental conditions. KEY RESULTS 11R-VIVIT treatment markedly attenuated the albuminuria in diabetic db/db mice and also alleviated mesangial matrix expansion and podocyte injury. However, body weight, food and water intake, and glucose levels were unaffected. It also attenuated the increased NFAT2 activation and enhanced urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPA receptor) expression in glomerulor podocytes. In cultured podocytes, the increased nuclear accumulation of NFAT2 and uPA receptor expression induced by high glucose treatment was prevented by 11R-VIVIT or NFAT2-knockdown; this was accompanied by improvements in the filtration barrier function of the podocyte monolayer. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The NFAT inhibitor 11R-VIVIT might be a useful therapeutic strategy for protecting podocytes and treating DN. The calcinerin/NFAT2/uPA receptor signalling pathway should be exploited as a therapeutic target for protecting podocytes from injury in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Calcineurin suppresses AMPK-dependent cytoprotective autophagy in cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e997. [PMID: 24434520 PMCID: PMC4040710 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin signalling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. Calcineurin has been proven to affect a series of signalling pathways and to exert a proapoptotic effect in cardiomyocytes. However, whether it is able to regulate autophagy remains largely unknown. Here, we report that prolonged oxidative stress-induced activation of calcineurin contributes to the attenuation of adaptive AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling and inhibits autophagy in cardiomyocytes. Primary cardiomyocytes exhibited rapid formation of autophagosomes, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) expression and phosphorylation of AMPK in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. However, prolonged (12 h) H2O2 treatment attenuated these effects and was accompanied by a significant increase in calcineurin activity and apoptosis. Inhibition of calcineurin by FK506 restored AMPK function and LC3 expression, and decreased the extent of apoptosis caused by prolonged oxidative stress. In contrast, overexpression of the constitutively active form of calcineurin markedly attenuated the increase in LC3 induced by short-term (3 h) H2O2 treatment and sensitised cells to apoptosis. In addition, FK506 failed to induce autophagy and alleviate apoptosis in cardiomyocytes expressing a kinase-dead K45R AMPK mutant. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy by 3-methylanine (3-MA) or by knockdown of the essential autophagy-related gene ATG7 abrogated the protective effect of FK506. These findings suggest a novel role of calcineurin in suppressing adaptive autophagy during oxidative stress by downregulating the AMPK signalling pathway. The results also provide insight into how altered calcineurin and autophagic signalling is integrated to control cell survival during oxidative stress and may guide strategies to prevent cardiac oxidative damage.
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Spurney RF. Non-immunologic actions of calcineurin inhibitors in proteinuric kidney diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:181. [PMID: 25429282 PMCID: PMC4228912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Frank Spurney
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, USA
- *Correspondence:
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Williams CR, Gooch JL. Calcineurin Aβ regulates NADPH oxidase (Nox) expression and activity via nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in response to high glucose. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:4896-905. [PMID: 24371139 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.514869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophy is an adaptive response that enables organs to appropriately meet increased functional demands. Previously, we reported that calcineurin (Cn) is required for glomerular and whole kidney hypertrophy in diabetic rodents (Gooch, J. L., Barnes, J. L., Garcia, S., and Abboud, H. E. (2003). Calcineurin is activated in diabetes and is required for glomerular hypertrophy and ECM accumulation. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 284, F144-F154; Reddy, R. N., Knotts, T. L., Roberts, B. R., Molkentin, J. D., Price, S. R., and Gooch, J. L. (2011). Calcineurin Aβ is required for hypertrophy but not matrix expansion in the diabetic kidney. J. Cell Mol. Med. 15, 414-422). Because studies have also implicated the reactive oxygen species-generating enzymes NADPH oxidases (Nox) in diabetic kidney responses, we tested the hypothesis that Nox and Cn cooperate in a common signaling pathway. First, we examined the role of the two main isoforms of Cn in hypertrophic signaling. Using primary kidney cells lacking a catalytic subunit of Cn (CnAα(-/-) or CnAβ(-/-)), we found that high glucose selectively activates CnAβ, whereas CnAα is constitutively active. Furthermore, CnAβ but not CnAα mediates hypertrophy. Next, we found that chronic reactive oxygen species generation in response to high glucose is attenuated in CnAβ(-/-) cells, suggesting that Cn is upstream of Nox. Consistent with this, loss of CnAβ reduces basal expression and blocks high glucose induction of Nox2 and Nox4. Inhibition of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), a CnAβ-regulated transcription factor, decreases Nox2 and Nox4 expression, whereas NFAT overexpression increases Nox2 and Nox4, indicating that the CnAβ/NFAT pathway modulates Nox. These data reveal that the CnAβ/NFAT pathway regulates Nox and plays an important role in high glucose-mediated hypertrophic responses in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clintoria R Williams
- From the Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033 and
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PTGER1 deletion attenuates renal injury in diabetic mouse models. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:1789-1802. [PMID: 24113456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the EP1 receptor promotes renal damage in diabetic nephropathy. We rendered EP1 (PTGER1, official symbol) knockout mice (EP1(-/-)) diabetic using the streptozotocin and OVE26 models. Albuminuria, mesangial matrix expansion, and glomerular hypertrophy were each blunted in EP1(-/-) streptozotocin and OVE26 cohorts compared with wild-type counterparts. Although diabetes-associated podocyte depletion was unaffected by EP1 deletion, EP1 antagonism with ONO-8711 in cultured podocytes decreased angiotensin II-mediated superoxide generation, suggesting that EP1-associated injury of remaining podocytes in vivo could contribute to filtration barrier dysfunction. Accordingly, EP1 deletion in OVE26 mice prevented nephrin mRNA expression down-regulation and ameliorated glomerular basement membrane thickening and foot process effacement. Moreover, EP1 deletion reduced diabetes-induced expression of fibrotic markers fibronectin and α-actin, whereas EP1 antagonism decreased fibronectin in cultured proximal tubule cells. Similarly, proximal tubule megalin expression was reduced by diabetes but was preserved in EP1(-/-) mice. Finally, the diabetes-associated increase in angiotensin II-mediated constriction of isolated mesenteric arteries was blunted in OVE26EP1(-/-) mice, demonstrating a role for EP1 receptors in the diabetic vasculature. These data suggest that EP1 activation contributes to diabetic nephropathy progression at several locations, including podocytes, proximal tubule, and the vasculature. The EP1 receptor facilitates the actions of angiotensin II, thereby suggesting that targeting of both the renin-angiotensin system and the EP1 receptor could be beneficial in diabetic nephropathy.
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