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潘 子, 周 雪, 曹 志, 潘 剑. [Latest Findings on the Role of RUNX1 in Bone Development and Disorders]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:256-262. [PMID: 38645858 PMCID: PMC11026898 DOI: 10.12182/20240360103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX1) is a transcription factor closely involved in hematopoiesis. RUNX1 gene mutation plays an essential pathogenic role in the initiation and development of hematological tumors, especially in acute myeloid leukemia. Recent studies have shown that RUNX1 is also involved in the regulation of bone development and the pathological progression of bone-related diseases. RUNX1 promotes the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes and osteoblasts and modulates the maturation and extracellular matrix formation of chondrocytes. The expression of RUNX1 in mesenchymal stem cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts is of great significance for maintaining normal bone development and the mass and quality of bones. RUNX1 also inhibits the differentiation and bone resorptive activities of osteoclasts, which may be influenced by sexual dimorphism. In addition, RUNX1 deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, delayed fracture healing, and osteoporosis, which was revealed by the RUNX1 conditional knockout modeling in mice. However, the roles of RUNX1 in regulating the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes, the sexual dimorphism of activities of osteoclasts, as well as bone loss in diabetes mellitus, senescence, infection, chronic inflammation, etc, are still not fully understood. This review provides a systematic summary of the research progress concerning RUNX1 in the field of bone biology, offering new ideas for using RUNX1 as a potential target for bone related diseases, especially osteoarthritis, delayed fracture healing, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 子建 潘
- 口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 口腔颌面外科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - 雪儿 周
- 口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 口腔颌面外科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - 志炜 曹
- 口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 口腔颌面外科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - 剑 潘
- 口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 口腔颌面外科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Lv Y, Yao X, Ling Q, Suo S, Wang J, Zhao S, Gao X, Tong H, Jin J, Zhang X, Yu W. Osteolytic lesion as initial presentation in FIP1L1-PDGFRA-rearranged myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia: a case report. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:357-360. [PMID: 37777636 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - XingYun Yao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Zhejiang, 310030, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Suo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Zhejiang, 310030, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Dantsev IS, Parfenenko MA, Radzhabova GM, Nikolaeva EA. An FGFR2 mutation as the potential cause of a new phenotype including early-onset osteoporosis and bone fractures: a case report. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:329. [PMID: 38098042 PMCID: PMC10722747 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic, multifactorial disorder of bone mineralization. Many factors contributing to the development of osteoporosis have been identified so far, including gender, age, nutrition, lifestyle, exercise, drug use, as well as a range of comorbidities. In addition to environmental and lifestyle factors, molecular genetic factors account for 50-85% of osteoporosis cases. For example, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), collagen type I (COL1), estrogen receptor (ER), apolypoprotein Е (ApoE), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) are all involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Among the candidate genes, the pathogenic variants in which are involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is FGFR2. Additionally, FGFs/FGFRs-dependent signaling has been shown to regulate skeletal development and has been linked to a plethora of heritable disorders of the musculoskeletal system. In this study we present the clinical, biochemical and radiological findings, as well as results of molecular genetic testing of a 13-year-old male proband with heritable osteoporosis, arthralgia and multiple fractures and a family history of abnormal bone mineralization and fractures. Whole exome sequencing found a heterozygous previously undescribed variant in the FGFR2 gene (NM_000141.5) (GRCh37.p13 ENSG00000066468.16: g.123298133dup; ENST00000358487.5:c.722dup; ENSP00000351276.5:p.Asn241LysfsTer43). The same variant was found in two affected relatives. These data lead us to believe that the variant in FGFR2 found in our proband and his relatives could be related to their phenotype. Therefore, modern methods of molecular genetic testing can allow us to differentiate between osteogenesis imperfecta and other bone mineralization disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya S Dantsev
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
| | - Mariia A Parfenenko
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia.
| | - Gulnara M Radzhabova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Nikolaeva
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
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Rozen EJ, Ozeroff CD, Allen MA. RUN(X) out of blood: emerging RUNX1 functions beyond hematopoiesis and links to Down syndrome. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:83. [PMID: 37670378 PMCID: PMC10481493 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RUNX1 is a transcription factor and a master regulator for the specification of the hematopoietic lineage during embryogenesis and postnatal megakaryopoiesis. Mutations and rearrangements on RUNX1 are key drivers of hematological malignancies. In humans, this gene is localized to the 'Down syndrome critical region' of chromosome 21, triplication of which is necessary and sufficient for most phenotypes that characterize Trisomy 21. MAIN BODY Individuals with Down syndrome show a higher predisposition to leukemias. Hence, RUNX1 overexpression was initially proposed as a critical player on Down syndrome-associated leukemogenesis. Less is known about the functions of RUNX1 in other tissues and organs, although growing reports show important implications in development or homeostasis of neural tissues, muscle, heart, bone, ovary, or the endothelium, among others. Even less is understood about the consequences on these tissues of RUNX1 gene dosage alterations in the context of Down syndrome. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on RUNX1 activities outside blood/leukemia, while suggesting for the first time their potential relation to specific Trisomy 21 co-occurring conditions. CONCLUSION Our concise review on the emerging RUNX1 roles in different tissues outside the hematopoietic context provides a number of well-funded hypotheses that will open new research avenues toward a better understanding of RUNX1-mediated transcription in health and disease, contributing to novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Down syndrome-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban J Rozen
- Crnic Institute Boulder Branch, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Christopher D Ozeroff
- Crnic Institute Boulder Branch, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, 1945 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Mary Ann Allen
- Crnic Institute Boulder Branch, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Liu J, Chang X, Dong D. MicroRNA-181a-5p Curbs Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Formation Partially Through Impairing Runx1-Dependent Inhibition of AIF-1 Transcription. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:156-173. [PMID: 36604945 PMCID: PMC10008668 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Evidence has revealed the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating osteogenic differentiation, implying the promise of miRNA-based therapies for treating osteoporosis. This study investigated whether miR-181a-5p influences osteogenic differentiation and bone formation and aimed to establish the mechanisms in depth. METHODS Clinical serum samples were obtained from osteoporosis patients, and MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with osteogenic induction medium (OIM) to induce osteogenic differentiation. miR-181a-5p-, Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1)-, and/or allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1)-associated oligonucleotides or vectors were transfected into MC3T3-E1 cells to explore their function in relation to the number of calcified nodules, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity, expression levels of osteogenesis-related proteins, and apoptosis. Luciferase activity, RNA immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to validate the binding relationship between miR-181a-5p and Runx1, and the transcriptional regulatory relationship between Runx1 and AIF-1. Ovariectomy (OVX)-induced mice were injected with a miR-181a-5p antagonist for in vivo verification. RESULTS miR-181a-5p was highly expressed in the serum of osteoporosis patients. OIM treatment decreased miR-181a-5p and AIF-1 expression, but promoted Runx1 expression in MC3T-E1 cells. Meanwhile, upregulated miR-181a-5p suppressed OIM-induced increases in calcified nodules, ALP content, and osteogenesis-related protein expression. Mechanically, miR-181a-5p targeted Runx1, which acted as a transcription factor to negatively modulate AIF-1 expression. Downregulated Runx1 suppressed the miR-181a-5p inhibitor-mediated promotion of osteogenic differentiation, and downregulated AIF-1 reversed the miR-181a-5p mimic-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation. Tail vein injection of a miR-181a-5p antagonist induced bone formation in OVX-induced osteoporotic mice. CONCLUSION In conclusion, miR-181a-5p affects osteogenic differentiation and bone formation partially via the modulation of the Runx1/AIF-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daming Dong
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Corresponding author: Daming Dong. Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Tel: +86-0451-53643856, Fax: +86-0451-53643856, E-mail:
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Bowles-Welch AC, Jimenez AC, Stevens HY, Frey Rubio DA, Kippner LE, Yeago C, Roy K. Mesenchymal stromal cells for bone trauma, defects, and disease: Considerations for manufacturing, clinical translation, and effective treatments. Bone Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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The roles of Runx1 in skeletal development and osteoarthritis: A concise review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12656. [PMID: 36636224 PMCID: PMC9830174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor-1 (Runx1) is well known for its functions in hematopoiesis and leukemia but recent research has focused on its role in skeletal development and osteoarthritis (OA). Deficiency of the Runx1 gene is fatal in early embryonic development, and specific knockout of Runx1 in cell lineages of cartilage and bone leads to delayed cartilage formation and impaired bone calcification. Runx1 can regulate genes including collagen type II (Col2a1) and X (Col10a1), SRY-box transcription factor 9 (Sox9), aggrecan (Acan) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and the up-regulation of Runx1 improves the homeostasis of the whole joint, even in the pathological state. Moreover, Runx1 is activated as a response to mechanical compression, but impaired in the joint with the pathological progress associated with osteoarthritis. Therefore, interpretation about the role of Runx1 could enlarge our understanding of key marker genes in the skeletal development and an increased understanding of Runx1 could be helpful to identify treatments for osteoarthritis. This review provides the most up-to-date advances in the roles and bio-mechanisms of Runx1 in healthy joints and osteoarthritis from all currently published articles and gives novel insights in therapeutic approaches to OA based on Runx1.
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Yang B, Qin Y, Zhang A, Wang P, Jiang H, Shi Y, You G, Shen D, Ni S, Guo L, Liu Y. Circular RNA CircSLC8A1 contributes to osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs via CircSLC8A1/miR-144-3p/RUNX1 in periprosthetic osteolysis. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:189-203. [PMID: 36541023 PMCID: PMC9843530 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are often found in eukaryocyte and have a role in the pathogenesis of a variety of human disorders. Our related research has shown the differential expression of circRNAs in periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL). However, the involvement of circRNAs in the exact process is yet unknown. CircSLC8A1 expression was evaluated in clinical samples and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in this investigation using quantitative real-time PCR. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to explicate its functional role and pathway. We demonstrated CircSLC8A1 is involved in PPOL using gain- and loss-of-function methods. The association of CircSLC8A1 and miR-144-3p, along with miR-144-3p and RUNX1, was predicted using bioinformatics. RNA pull-down and luciferase assays confirmed it. The impact of CircSLC8A1 in the PPOL-mouse model was also investigated using adeno-associated virus. CircSLC8A1 was found to be downregulated in PPOL patients' periprosthetic tissues. Overexpression of CircSLC8A1 promoted osteogenic differentiation (OD) and inhibited apoptosis of hBMSCs in vitro. The osteogenic markers of RUNX1, osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly upregulated in hBMSCs after miR-144-3p inhibitor was transferred. Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that CircSLC8A1 directly bound to miR-144-3p and participated in PPOL through the miR-144-3p/RUNX1 pathway in hBMSCs. Micro-CT and quantitative analysis showed that CircSLC8A1 markedly inhibited PPOL, and osteogenic markers (RUNX1, OPN and OCN) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the mice model. Our findings prove that CircSLC8A1 exerted a regulatory role in promoting osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs, and CircSLC8A1/miR-144-3p/RUNX1 pathway may provide a potential target for prevention of PPOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boning Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Penghao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yunyi Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Guanchao You
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Dianlin Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shenghui Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Nursing, First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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Vo T, Saini Y. Case report: Mafb promoter activity may define the alveolar macrophage dichotomy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1050494. [PMID: 36578483 PMCID: PMC9791191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cre-LoxP system has been widely used to induce recombination of floxed genes of interest. Currently available macrophage promoter-specific Cre recombinase mice strains have various limitations that warrants the testing of additional Cre strains. V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein b -Cre (Mafb-Cre) mice label macrophages in most organs such as spleen, small intestine, lung, bone marrow, and peritoneal cavity. However, whether Mafb-Cre recombinase targets the gene recombination in alveolar macrophage remains untested. Here, we utilized MafbCre/WTR26mTmG/WT strain that expresses mTOM protein in all the cells of mouse body except for those that express Mafb-Cre-regulated mEGFP. We performed fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry to analyze mTOM and mEGFP expression in alveolar macrophages from MafbCre/WTR26mTmG/WT mice. Our analyses revealed that the Mafb-Cre is active in only ~40% of the alveolar macrophages in an age-independent manner. While Mafb- (mTOM+/mEGFP-) and Mafb+ (mEGFP+) alveolar macrophages exhibit comparable expression of CD11b and CD11c surface markers, the surface expression of MHCII is elevated in the Mafb+ (mEGFP+) macrophages. The bone marrow-derived macrophages from MafbCre/WTR26mTmG/WT mice are highly amenable to Cre-LoxP recombination in vitro. The bone marrow depletion and reconstitution experiment revealed that ~98% of alveolar macrophages from MafbCre/WTR26mTmG/WT → WT chimera are amenable to the Mafb-Cre-mediated recombination. Finally, the Th2 stimulation and ozone exposure to the MafbCre/WTR26mTmG/WT mice promote the Mafb-Cre-mediated recombination in alveolar macrophages. In conclusion, while the Mafb-/Mafb+ dichotomy thwarts the use of Mafb-Cre for the induction of floxed alleles in the entire alveolar macrophage population, this strain provides a unique tool to induce gene deletion in alveolar macrophages that encounter Th2 microenvironment in the lung airspaces.
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Extracellular vesicles secreted by human periodontal ligament induced osteoclast differentiation by transporting miR-28 to osteoclast precursor cells and further promoted orthodontic tooth movement. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Díaz-Hernández ME, Kinter CW, Watson SR, Mella-Velazquez G, Kaiser J, Liu G, Khan NM, Roberts JL, Lorenzo J, Drissi H. Sexually Dimorphic Increases in Bone Mass Following Tissue-specific Overexpression of Runx1 in Osteoclast Precursors. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6650061. [PMID: 35880727 PMCID: PMC9337273 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many metabolic bone diseases arise as a result excessive osteoclastic bone resorption, which has motivated efforts to identify new molecular targets that can inhibit the formation or activity of these bone-resorbing cells. Mounting evidence indicates that the transcription factor Runx1 acts as a transcriptional repressor of osteoclast formation. Prior studies using a conditional knockout approach suggested that Runx1 in osteoclast precursors acts as an inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis; however, the effects of upregulation of Runx1 on osteoclast formation remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the skeletal effects of conditional overexpression of Runx1 in preosteoclasts by crossing novel Runx1 gain-of-function mice (Rosa26-LSL-Runx1) with LysM-Cre transgenic mice. We observed a sex-dependent effect whereby overexpression of Runx1 in female mice increased trabecular bone microarchitectural indices and improved torsion biomechanical properties. These effects were likely mediated by delayed osteoclastogenesis and decreased bone resorption. Transcriptomics analyses during osteoclastogenesis revealed a distinct transcriptomic profile in the Runx1-overexpressing cells, with enrichment of genes related to redox signaling, apoptosis, osteoclast differentiation, and bone remodeling. These data further confirm the antiosteoclastogenic activities of Runx1 and provide new insight into the molecular targets that may mediate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shana R Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Giovanni Mella-Velazquez
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Jarred Kaiser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Guanglu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Nazir M Khan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Joseph L Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, 30033, USA
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, 06032, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Correspondence: Hicham Drissi, PhD, Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, 21 Ortho Ln, 6th Fl, Office 12, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
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12
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Zhou C, Cui Y, Yang Y, Guo D, Zhang D, Fan Y, Li X, Zou J, Xie J. Runx1 protects against the pathological progression of osteoarthritis. Bone Res 2021; 9:50. [PMID: 34876557 PMCID: PMC8651727 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor-1 (Runx1) is required for chondrocyte-to-osteoblast lineage commitment by enhancing both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during vertebrate development. However, the potential role of Runx1 in joint diseases is not well known. In the current study, we aimed to explore the role of Runx1 in osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT) surgery. We showed that chondrocyte-specific Runx1 knockout (Runx1f/fCol2a1-Cre) aggravated cartilage destruction by accelerating the loss of proteoglycan and collagen II in early osteoarthritis. Moreover, we observed thinning and ossification of the growth plate, a decrease in chondrocyte proliferative capacity and the loss of bone matrix around the growth plate in late osteoarthritis. We overexpressed Runx1 by adeno-associated virus (AAV) in articular cartilage and identified its protective effect by slowing the destruction of osteoarthritis in cartilage in early osteoarthritis and alleviating the pathological progression of growth plate cartilage in late osteoarthritis. ChIP-seq analysis identified new targets that interacted with Runx1 in cartilage pathology, and we confirmed the direct interactions of these factors with Runx1 by ChIP-qPCR. This study helps us to understand the function of Runx1 in osteoarthritis and provides new clues for targeted osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daimo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zou
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Zhang X, Li Z, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Sun Y, Cai Q. Runx1/miR-26a/Jagged1 signaling axis controls osteoclastogenesis and alleviates orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:107991. [PMID: 34438336 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of osteoclast biology and several pathogenic progression. This study aimed to identify the role of miR-26a in osteoclastogenesis and orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption(OIIRR). METHODS Rat orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model was established by ligating a closed coil spring between maxillary first molar and incisor, and 50 g orthodontic force was applied to move upper first molar to middle for 7 days. Human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells were isolated from periodontium of healthy donors, and then subjected to compression force (CF) for 24 h to mimic an in vitro OTM model. The levels of associated factors in vivo and in vitro were measured subsequently. RESULT The distance of tooth movement was increased and root resorption pits were occurred in rat OTM model. The expression of miR-26a was decreased in vivo and vitro experiments. CF treatment enhanced the secretion of inflammatory factors receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and IL-6, osteoclast marker levels, and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts, while miR-26a overexpression reversed these results. Furthermore, miR-26a overexpression inhibited the osteoclastogenesis and rescued the root resorption in OTM rats through inhibition of Jagged1. Additionally, Runx1 could bind to miR-26a promoter and promote its expression, thereby suppressing the osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION We concluded that Runx1/miR-26a/Jagged1 signaling axis restrained osteoclastogenesis and alleviated OIIRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangxi Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanqiang Sun
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiyong Cai
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Mun SH, Jastrzebski S, Kalinowski J, Zeng S, Oh B, Bae S, Eugenia G, Khan NM, Drissi H, Zhou P, Shin B, Lee S, Lorenzo J, Park‐Min K. Sexual Dimorphism in Differentiating Osteoclast Precursors Demonstrates Enhanced Inflammatory Pathway Activation in Female Cells. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1104-1116. [PMID: 33567098 PMCID: PMC11140852 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism of the skeleton is well documented. At maturity, the male skeleton is typically larger and has a higher bone density than the female skeleton. However, the underlying mechanisms for these differences are not completely understood. In this study, we examined sexual dimorphism in the formation of osteoclasts between cells from female and male mice. We found that the number of osteoclasts in bones was greater in females. Similarly, in vitro osteoclast differentiation was accelerated in female osteoclast precursor (OCP) cells. To further characterize sex differences between female and male osteoclasts, we performed gene expression profiling of cultured, highly purified, murine bone marrow OCPs that had been treated for 3 days with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). We found that 125 genes were differentially regulated in a sex-dependent manner. In addition to genes that are contained on sex chromosomes, transcriptional sexual dimorphism was found to be mediated by genes involved in innate immune and inflammatory response pathways. Furthermore, the NF-κB-NFATc1 axis was activated earlier in female differentiating OCPs, which partially explains the differences in transcriptomic sexual dimorphism in these cells. Collectively, these findings identify multigenic sex-dependent intrinsic difference in differentiating OCPs, which results from an altered response to osteoclastogenic stimulation. In humans, these differences could contribute to the lower peak bone mass and increased risk of osteoporosis that females demonstrate relative to males. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
| | - Sandra Jastrzebski
- Department of Medicine University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Judy Kalinowski
- Department of Medicine University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Steven Zeng
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
| | - Brian Oh
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
| | - Seyeon Bae
- Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
| | - Giannopoulou Eugenia
- Biological Sciences Department New York City College of Technology, City University of New York Brooklyn NY USA
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
| | - Nazir M Khan
- Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Ping Zhou
- Feil Family Brain & Mind Research Institute (BMRI), Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA
| | - Bongjin Shin
- Center on Aging University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Sun‐Kyeong Lee
- Center on Aging University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
- Department of Medicine University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT USA
| | - Kyung‐Hyun Park‐Min
- BCMB Allied Program Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences New York NY USA
- Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY USA
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15
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Yu J, Kim S, Lee N, Jeon H, Lee J, Takami M, Rho J. Pax5 Negatively Regulates Osteoclastogenesis through Downregulation of Blimp1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042097. [PMID: 33672551 PMCID: PMC7923754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paired box protein 5 (Pax5) is a crucial transcription factor responsible for B-cell lineage specification and commitment. In this study, we identified a negative role of Pax5 in osteoclastogenesis. The expression of Pax5 was time-dependently downregulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) ligand (RANKL) stimulation in osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclast (OC) differentiation and bone resorption were inhibited (68.9% and 48% reductions, respectively) by forced expression of Pax5 in OC lineage cells. Pax5 led to the induction of antiosteoclastogenic factors through downregulation of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp1). To examine the negative role of Pax5 in vivo, we generated Pax5 transgenic (Pax5Tg) mice expressing the human Pax5 transgene under the control of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) promoter, which is expressed mainly in OC lineage cells. OC differentiation and bone resorption were inhibited (54.2–76.9% and 24.0–26.2% reductions, respectively) in Pax5Tg mice, thereby contributing to the osteopetrotic-like bone phenotype characterized by increased bone mineral density (13.0–13.6% higher), trabecular bone volume fraction (32.5–38.1% higher), trabecular thickness (8.4–9.0% higher), and trabecular number (25.5–26.7% higher) and decreased trabecular spacing (9.3–10.4% lower) compared to wild-type control mice. Furthermore, the number of OCs was decreased (48.8–65.3% reduction) in Pax5Tg mice. These findings indicate that Pax5 plays a negative role in OC lineage specification and commitment through Blimp1 downregulation. Thus, our data suggest that the Pax5–Blimp1 axis is crucial for the regulation of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.Y.); (S.K.); (N.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Sumi Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.Y.); (S.K.); (N.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.Y.); (S.K.); (N.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.Y.); (S.K.); (N.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawaku 142-8555, Japan;
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.Y.); (S.K.); (N.L.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-821-6420; Fax: +82-42-822-7367
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16
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Marycz K, Sobierajska P, Wiglusz RJ, Idczak R, Nedelec JM, Fal A, Kornicka-Garbowska K. <p>Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Nanoparticles Under Static Magnetic Field Improve Osteogenesis via RUNX-2 and Inhibit Osteoclastogenesis by the Induction of Apoptosis</p>. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:10127-10148. [PMID: 36213447 PMCID: PMC9537728 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s256542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Marycz
- The Department of Experimental Biology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Wroclaw50-375, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw01-938, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin55-114, Poland
- Correspondence: Krzysztof Marycz The Department of Experimental Biology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Norwida 27B, Wrocław50-375, PolandTel +48 71 320 5201 Email
| | - Paulina Sobierajska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw50-422, Poland
| | - Rafał J Wiglusz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw50-422, Poland
| | - Rafał Idczak
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw50-950, Poland
| | - Jean-Marie Nedelec
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrzej Fal
- Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw01-938, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kornicka-Garbowska
- The Department of Experimental Biology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Wroclaw50-375, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin55-114, Poland
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17
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Paglia DN, Diaz-Hernandez ME, Roberts JL, Kalinowski J, Lorenzo J, Drissi H. Deletion of Runx1 in osteoclasts impairs murine fracture healing through progressive woven bone loss and delayed cartilage remodeling. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1007-1015. [PMID: 31769548 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conditional deletion of the transcription factor Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) in myeloid osteoclast precursors promotes osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone loss. This study posits whether Runx1 regulates clastic cell-mediated bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. We first generated mice, in which Runx1 was conditionally abrogated in osteoclast precursors (LysM-Cre;Runx1F/F ; Runx1 cKO). Runx1 cKO and control mice were then subjected to experimental mid-diaphyseal femoral fractures. Our study found differential resorption of bony and calcified cartilage callus matrix by osteoclasts and chondroclasts within Runx1 cKO calluses, with increased early bony callus resorption and delayed calcified cartilage resorption. There was an increased number of osteoclasts and chondroclasts in the chondro-osseous junction of Runx1 cKO calluses starting at day 11 post-fracture, with minimal woven bone occupying the callus at day 18 post-fracture. LysM-Cre;Runx1F/F mutant mice had increased bone compliance at day 28, but their strength and work to failure were comparable with controls. Taken together, these results indicate that Runx1 is a critical transcription factor in controlling osteoclastogenesis that negatively regulates bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1007-1015, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Paglia
- Department of Orthopaedics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
| | | | - Joseph L Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Judy Kalinowski
- Department of Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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18
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The association of genetic variants in FGFR2 with osteoporosis susceptibility in Chinese Han population. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190275. [PMID: 31113874 PMCID: PMC6549083 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted for exploring the influence of fibroblast growth factor 2 receptor (FGFR2) gene polymorphisms on osteoporosis occurrence risk in the Chinese population. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was conducted for the genotyping of polymorphism in 145 osteoporosis patients and 123 controls. The status of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was detected in the control group. Genotype and allele frequency comparison of polymorphism between the two groups was performed by χ2 test, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used for the result expression about the association of FGFR2 polymorphisms with osteoporosis. Furthermore, the results were adjusted by clinical features via logistic regression analysis. Results: AA genotype and A allele of rs2420946 were significantly associated with the increased risk of osteoporosis development adjusted by clinical features (OR = 2.238, 95% CI = 1.055–4.746; OR = 1.482, 95% CI = 1.042–2.019). Similarly, CC genotype and C allele frequencies of rs1219648 were detected the significant difference between the case and control groups (P<0.01); moreover, it was still significant by the adjustion of clinical features, which indicated that rs1219648 was significantly associated with the risk of osteoporosis occurrence (OR = 2.900, 95% CI = 1.341–6.271; OR = 1.602, 95% CI = 1.126–2.279). Haplotype T-A-C-T also obviously increased the occurrence risk of osteoporosis (OR = 1.844, 95% CI = 1.180–2.884). Besides, the significant interaction of FGFR2 polymorphisms with drinking status in osteoporosis was also found (P<0.05), especially rs2981579. Conclusion:FGFR2 rs2420946 and rs1219648 polymorphisms may be the risk factor of osteoporosis in Chinese population. Furthermore, the interaction of FGFR2 polymorphisms with drinking may play an important role in osteoporosis etiology.
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19
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Loss of Stromal Galectin-1 Enhances Multiple Myeloma Development: Emphasis on a Role in Osteoclasts. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020261. [PMID: 30813402 PMCID: PMC6406775 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma osteolytic disease is caused by an uncoupled bone-remodelling process with an increased osteoclast activity. Disease development relies on interactions between myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Recent findings suggest a role for glycan-binding proteins in myeloma microenvironment. Here, we investigated lectins involved in osteoclastogenesis and their role in myeloma bone disease. Microarray data analysis showed a lower expression of galectin-1 (gal-1) in mature osteoclasts compared to monocytic progenitor cells, confirmed at the RNA and protein levels in osteoclast cultures. Confocal microscopy showed that gal-1 localised predominantly in the sealing zone of mature osteoclasts. Although equal differentiated-osteoclast numbers, gal-1−/− osteoclasts showed a higher resorption activity compared to wild-type controls. Micro-computed tomography showed an aberrant bone phenotype with decreased bone densities in gal-1−/− mice. In vivo, tumour progression was faster in gal-1−/− mice and associated with a marked bone loss. Additionally, myeloma cells were found to decrease gal-1 expression in osteoclasts. Our results demonstrate that galectin-1 regulates osteoclast activity with an increased resorption by gal-1−/− osteoclasts and decreased bone densities in gal-1−/− mice. We observed an enhanced tumour development in gal-1−/− mice compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that galectin-1 has a functional role in stromal cells in myeloma microenvironment.
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20
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Kang X, Sun Y, Zhang Z. Identification of key transcription factors - gene regulatory network related with osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells based on transcription factor prognosis system. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2113-2122. [PMID: 30783479 PMCID: PMC6364222 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into fabricate cartilage, muscle, marrow stroma, tendon/ligament, fat, and other connective tissues, providing a potential source for tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to find the key transcription factors (TFs), which regulated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In this study, three methods were performed to find the key TFs, which included enrichment analysis, direct impact value and indirect impact value. We used the patient and public involvements (PPI) network to integrate the results of the above methods for analysis. Then, we compared the osteoblast data to the control group on days 1, 3 and 7. Finally, we found the combination of the optimal and vital 30 TFs related to osteogenic differentiation. TFs FOS, SOX9 and EP300 were commonly expressed in 3 different days in the osteogenic lineages and presented in the PPI network at relatively high degrees. Moreover, TFs CREBBP, ESR1 and EGR1 also presented high effects on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day. The constructed network gives us a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of osteogenesis of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, P.R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, P.R. China
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21
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Tart Cherry Prevents Bone Loss through Inhibition of RANKL in TNF-Overexpressing Mice. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010063. [PMID: 30597968 PMCID: PMC6356454 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated bone loss come with concerns about their continued use. Thus, it is necessary to identify natural products with similar effects, but with fewer or no side effects. We determined whether tart cherry (TC) could be used as a supplement to prevent inflammation-mediated bone loss in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice. TG mice were assigned to a 0%, 5%, or 10% TC diet, with a group receiving infliximab as a positive control. Age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates fed a 0% TC diet were used as a normal control. Mice were monitored by measurement of body weight. Bone health was evaluated via serum biomarkers, microcomputed tomography (µCT), molecular assessments, and mechanical testing. TC prevented TNF-mediated weight loss, while it did not suppress elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. TC also protected bone structure from inflammation-induced bone loss with a reduced ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) to a degree comparable to infliximab. Furthermore, unlike with infliximab, TC exhibited a moderate improvement in TNF-mediated decline in bone stiffness. Thus, TC could be used as a prophylactic regimen against future fragility fractures in the context of highly chronic inflammation.
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE Transgenic Cre lines are a valuable tool for conditionally inactivating or activating genes to understand their function. Here, we provide an overview of Cre transgenic models used for studying gene function in bone cells and discuss their advantages and limitations, with particular emphasis on Cre lines used for studying osteocyte and osteoclast function. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shown that many bone cell-targeted Cre models are not as specific as originally thought. To ensure accurate data interpretation, it is important for investigators to test for unexpected recombination events due to transient expression of Cre recombinase during development or in precursor cells and to be aware of the potential for germ line recombination of targeted genes as well as the potential for unexpected phenotypes due to the Cre transgene. Although many of the bone-targeted Cre-deleter strains are imperfect and each model has its own limitations, their careful use will continue to provide key advances in our understanding of bone cell function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Yixia Xie
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Lora A Shiflett
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Yasuyoshi Ueki
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
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23
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Chu Y, Zhao Z, Sant DW, Zhu G, Greenblatt SM, Liu L, Wang J, Cao Z, Tho JC, Chen S, Liu X, Zhang P, Maciejewski JP, Nimer S, Wang G, Yuan W, Yang FC, Xu M. Tet2 Regulates Osteoclast Differentiation by Interacting with Runx1 and Maintaining Genomic 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 16:172-186. [PMID: 29908294 PMCID: PMC6076382 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a dioxygenase, Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) catalyzes subsequent steps of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) oxidation. TET2 plays a critical role in the self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, but its impact on mature hematopoietic cells is not well-characterized. Here we show that Tet2 plays an essential role in osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of Tet2 impairs the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells (macrophages) and their maturation into bone-resorbing osteoclasts in vitro. Furthermore, Tet2-/- mice exhibit mild osteopetrosis, accompanied by decreased number of osteoclasts in vivo. Tet2 loss in macrophages results in the altered expression of a set of genes implicated in osteoclast differentiation, such as Cebpa, Mafb, and Nfkbiz. Tet2 deletion also leads to a genome-wide alteration in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and altered expression of a specific subset of macrophage genes associated with osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, Tet2 interacts with Runx1 and negatively modulates its transcriptional activity. Our studies demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism controlling osteoclast differentiation and function by Tet2, that is, through interactions with Runx1 and the maintenance of genomic 5hmC. Targeting Tet2 and its pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of abnormal bone mass caused by the deregulation of osteoclast activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
| | - David Wayne Sant
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ganqian Zhu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sarah M Greenblatt
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jinhuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zeng Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jeanette Cheng Tho
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Shi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Stephen Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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24
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Ramaswamy G, Fong J, Brewer N, Kim H, Zhang D, Choi Y, Kaplan FS, Shore EM. Ablation of Gsα signaling in osteoclast progenitor cells adversely affects skeletal bone maintenance. Bone 2018; 109:86-90. [PMID: 29183785 PMCID: PMC5866199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gsα, the alpha stimulatory subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins that activates downstream signaling through the adenylyl cyclase and cAMP/PKA pathway, plays an important role in bone development and remodeling. The role of Gsα in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation to osteoblasts has been demonstrated in several mouse models of Gsα inactivation. Previously, using mice with heterozygous germline deletion of Gsα (Gnas+/p-), we identified a novel additional role for Gsα in bone remodeling, and showed the importance of Gnas in maintaining bone quality by regulating osteoclast differentiation and function. In this study, we show that postnatal deletion of Gsα (CreERT2;Gnasfl/fl) leads to reduction in trabecular bone quality parameters and increased trabecular osteoclast numbers. Furthermore, mice with deletion of Gsα specifically in cells of the macrophage/osteoclast lineage (LysM-Cre;Gnasfl/fl) showed reduced trabecular bone quality and increased trabecular osteoclasts, but to a reduced extent compared to the CreERT2;Gnasfl/fl global knockout. This demonstrates that while Gsα has a cell autonomous role in osteclasts in regulating bone quality, Gsα expression in other cell types additionally contribute. In both of these mouse models, cortical bone was more subtly affected than trabecular bone. Our results support that Gsα is required postnatally to maintain trabecular bone quality and that Gsα function to maintain trabecular bone is regulated in part through a specific activity in osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Ramaswamy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Fong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Niambi Brewer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frederick S Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eileen M Shore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Growing evidence supports the critical role of transcriptional mechanisms in promoting the spatial and temporal progression of bone healing. In this review, we evaluate and discuss new transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of secondary bone repair, along with emerging evidence for epigenetic regulation of fracture healing. RECENT FINDINGS Using the candidate gene approach has identified new roles for several transcription factors in mediating the reactive, reparative, and remodeling phases of fracture repair. Further characterization of the different epigenetic controls of fracture healing and fracture-driven transcriptome changes between young and aged fracture has identified key biological pathways that may yield therapeutic targets. Furthermore, exogenously delivered microRNA to post-transcriptionally control gene expression is quickly becoming an area with great therapeutic potential. Activation of specific transcriptional networks can promote the proper progression of secondary bone healing. Targeting these key factors using small molecules or through microRNA may yield effective therapies to enhance and possibly accelerate fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David N Paglia
- Department of Orthopaedics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
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26
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Carey HA, Hildreth BE, Geisler JA, Nickel MC, Cabrera J, Ghosh S, Jiang Y, Yan J, Lee J, Makam S, Young NA, Valiente GR, Jarjour WN, Huang K, Rosol TJ, Toribio RE, Charles JF, Ostrowski MC, Sharma SM. Enhancer variants reveal a conserved transcription factor network governed by PU.1 during osteoclast differentiation. Bone Res 2018; 6:8. [PMID: 29619268 PMCID: PMC5874256 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage-specific pathways and functions that contribute to the trait. In this study, by integrating lineage-specific enhancers from mesenchymal and myeloid compartments with bone mineral density loci, we were able to segregate osteoblast- and osteoclast (OC)-specific functions. Specifically, in OCs, a PU.1-dependent transcription factor (TF) network was revealed. Deletion of PU.1 in OCs in mice resulted in severe osteopetrosis. Functional genomic analysis indicated PU.1 and MITF orchestrated a TF network essential for OC differentiation. Several of these TFs were regulated by cooperative binding of PU.1 with BRD4 to form superenhancers. Further, PU.1 is essential for conformational changes in the superenhancer region of Nfatc1. In summary, our study demonstrates that combining GWASs with genome-wide binding studies and model organisms could decipher lineage-specific pathways contributing to complex disease states. Genetic variation in non-coding regions of DNA could raise osteoporosis risk by affecting osteoclast differentiation. Osteoporosis occurs when the normal process of bone remodeling by osteoblasts and osteoclasts falls out of balance. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with osteoporosis, but how these affect specific cell types was unclear. Sudarshana Sharma and Michael Ostrowski at the Medical University of South Carolina and colleagues wondered if variations in non-coding ‘enhancer’ regions of DNA, might shed light on the molecular underpinnings of osteoporosis. So, they overlaid SNPs associated with reduced bone mineral density onto enhancers in mesenchymal and myeloid cells—the precursors of osteoblasts and osteoclasts—identifying a transcription factor network in myeloid cells that drives the differentiation of osteoclasts. When this was disrupted in mice, severe defects in osteoclast differentiation and function resulted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Carey
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Blake E Hildreth
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Jennifer A Geisler
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Mara C Nickel
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jennifer Cabrera
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sankha Ghosh
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Yue Jiang
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jing Yan
- 4Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - James Lee
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sandeep Makam
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Nicholas A Young
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Giancarlo R Valiente
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Wael N Jarjour
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Kun Huang
- 6Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Ramiro E Toribio
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Julia F Charles
- 4Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
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27
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Medina-Gomez C, Kemp JP, Trajanoska K, Luan J, Chesi A, Ahluwalia TS, Mook-Kanamori DO, Ham A, Hartwig FP, Evans DS, Joro R, Nedeljkovic I, Zheng HF, Zhu K, Atalay M, Liu CT, Nethander M, Broer L, Porleifsson G, Mullin BH, Handelman SK, Nalls MA, Jessen LE, Heppe DH, Richards JB, Wang C, Chawes B, Schraut KE, Amin N, Wareham N, Karasik D, Van der Velde N, Ikram MA, Zemel BS, Zhou Y, Carlsson CJ, Liu Y, McGuigan FE, Boer CG, Bønnelykke K, Ralston SH, Robbins JA, Walsh JP, Zillikens MC, Langenberg C, Li-Gao R, Williams FM, Harris TB, Akesson K, Jackson RD, Sigurdsson G, den Heijer M, van der Eerden BC, van de Peppel J, Spector TD, Pennell C, Horta BL, Felix JF, Zhao JH, Wilson SG, de Mutsert R, Bisgaard H, Styrkársdóttir U, Jaddoe VW, Orwoll E, Lakka TA, Scott R, Grant SF, Lorentzon M, van Duijn CM, Wilson JF, Stefansson K, Psaty BM, Kiel DP, Ohlsson C, Ntzani E, van Wijnen AJ, Forgetta V, Ghanbari M, Logan JG, Williams GR, Bassett JD, Croucher PI, Evangelou E, Uitterlinden AG, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Tobias JH, Evans DM, Rivadeneira F. Life-Course Genome-wide Association Study Meta-analysis of Total Body BMD and Assessment of Age-Specific Effects. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:88-102. [PMID: 29304378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by DXA is used to evaluate bone health. In children, total body (TB) measurements are commonly used; in older individuals, BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) is used to diagnose osteoporosis. To date, genetic variants in more than 60 loci have been identified as associated with BMD. To investigate the genetic determinants of TB-BMD variation along the life course and test for age-specific effects, we performed a meta-analysis of 30 genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of TB-BMD including 66,628 individuals overall and divided across five age strata, each spanning 15 years. We identified variants associated with TB-BMD at 80 loci, of which 36 have not been previously identified; overall, they explain approximately 10% of the TB-BMD variance when combining all age groups and influence the risk of fracture. Pathway and enrichment analysis of the association signals showed clustering within gene sets implicated in the regulation of cell growth and SMAD proteins, overexpressed in the musculoskeletal system, and enriched in enhancer and promoter regions. These findings reveal TB-BMD as a relevant trait for genetic studies of osteoporosis, enabling the identification of variants and pathways influencing different bone compartments. Only variants in ESR1 and close proximity to RANKL showed a clear effect dependency on age. This most likely indicates that the majority of genetic variants identified influence BMD early in life and that their effect can be captured throughout the life course.
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28
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Xu Z, Wang X, Zheng Y. Screening for key genes and transcription factors in ankylosing spondylitis by RNA-Seq. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1394-1402. [PMID: 29434723 PMCID: PMC5774495 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmune disease, the etiology and pathogenesis of which remain largely unknown. In the present study, blood samples were harvested from patients with AS and from healthy volunteers as a normal control (NC) for RNA-sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the AS group compared with the NC group were identified, and gene ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were subsequently performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and AS-specific transcriptional regulatory network construction was performed for the DEGs. A total of 503 DEGs, including 338 upregulated and 165 downregulated DEGs, were identified in patients with AS compared with the NC group. Three upregulated DEGs identified, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT)1, IFIT3 and radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing (RSAD)2, are interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes that serve a role in the IFN signaling pathway. The most significantly enriched GO term was response to other organisms. Osteoclast differentiation was a significantly enriched pathway for eight DEGs [High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor (FCGR)1A, FCGR2B, four and a half LIM domains 2, integrin β3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor (LILR)A4 and LILRA6]. The six hub genes in the PPI network constructed were interferon-stimulated gene 15, heat shock protein β1, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A, IFIT1, IFIT3 and SOCS3. POU domain class 2 transcription factor 1 (1-Oct) and ecotropic virus integration site-1 (Evi-1) were identified as two important transcription factors (TFs) in AS according to the AS-specific transcriptional regulatory network constructed. In addition, IFIT1 and IFIT3 were identified as targets of 1-Oct. The results of the present study indicate that osteoclast differentiation, the IFN signaling pathway and genes associated with these two signaling pathways, particularly FCGR2B, STAT2, SOCS3, IFIT1 and IFIT3, may serve a role in AS. In addition, Evi-1 and 1-Oct may be two important TFs associated with AS. These results may provide a basis for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of and developing novel treatments for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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29
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Mirza F, Lorenzo J, Drissi H, Lee FY, Soung DY. Dried plum alleviates symptoms of inflammatory arthritis in TNF transgenic mice. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 52:54-61. [PMID: 29149648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dried plum (DP), a rich source of polyphenols has been shown to have bone-preserving properties in both animal models of osteoporosis and postmenopausal women. We evaluated if DP alleviated the destruction of joints in transgenic mice (TG) that overexpress human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a genetic model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A four-week treatment of 20% DP diet in TG slowed the onset of arthritis and reduced bone erosions in the joints compared to TG on a regular diet. This was associated with fewer tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells, suggesting decreased osteoclastogenesis. A DP diet also produced significant protection of articular cartilage and reduction of synovitis. Cultures of human synovial fibroblast in the presence of TNF showed a significant increase in inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β, chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: MCP1 & macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha: MIP1α), cartilage matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1&3), and an osteoclastogenic cytokine (receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand: RANKL) compared to controls. Addition of neochlorogenic acid (NC), a major polyphenol in DP to these cultures resulted in down-regulation of these genes. In the cultures of mouse bone marrow macrophage, NC also repressed TNF-induced formation of osteoclasts and mRNA levels of cathepsin K and MMP9 through inhibition of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Our data suggested that dietary supplementation with DP inhibited TNF singling; leading to decreased erosions of bone and articular cartilage as well as synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Mirza
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, 800 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Do Y Soung
- Department of Orthpaedic Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th Street, Black Building 14-1410, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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30
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Okamoto K, Nakashima T, Shinohara M, Negishi-Koga T, Komatsu N, Terashima A, Sawa S, Nitta T, Takayanagi H. Osteoimmunology: The Conceptual Framework Unifying the Immune and Skeletal Systems. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1295-1349. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune and skeletal systems share a variety of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, hormones, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone cells interact with immune cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Osteoimmunology was created as a new interdisciplinary field in large part to highlight the shared molecules and reciprocal interactions between the two systems in both heath and disease. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) plays an essential role not only in the development of immune organs and bones, but also in autoimmune diseases affecting bone, thus effectively comprising the molecule that links the two systems. Here we review the function, gene regulation, and signal transduction of osteoimmune molecules, including RANKL, in the context of osteoclastogenesis as well as multiple other regulatory functions. Osteoimmunology has become indispensable for understanding the pathogenesis of a number of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We review the various osteoimmune pathologies, including the bone destruction in RA, in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets [such as IL-17-expressing helper T (Th17) cells] induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. We also focus on cellular interactions and the identification of the communication factors in the bone marrow, discussing the contribution of bone cells to the maintenance and regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells. Thus the time has come for a basic reappraisal of the framework for understanding both the immune and bone systems. The concept of a unified osteoimmune system will be absolutely indispensable for basic and translational approaches to diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Okamoto
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakashima
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinohara
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Negishi-Koga
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Komatsu
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Terashima
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nitta
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
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Self-Fordham JB, Naqvi AR, Uttamani JR, Kulkarni V, Nares S. MicroRNA: Dynamic Regulators of Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1062. [PMID: 28912781 PMCID: PMC5583156 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of a healthy immune system to clear the plethora of antigens it encounters incessantly relies on the enormous plasticity displayed by the comprising cell types. Macrophages (MΦs) are crucial member of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) that constantly patrol the peripheral tissues and are actively recruited to the sites of injury and infection. In tissues, infiltrating monocytes replenish MΦ. Under the guidance of the local micro-milieu, MΦ can be activated to acquire specialized functional phenotypes. Similar to T cells, functional polarization of macrophage phenotype viz., inflammatory (M1) and reparative (M2) is proposed. Equipped with diverse toll-like receptors (TLRs), these cells of the innate arm of immunity recognize and phagocytize antigens and secrete cytokines that activate the adaptive arm of the immune system and perform key roles in wound repair. Dysregulation of MΦ plasticity has been associated with various diseases and infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of transcriptome output. Their importance in maintaining health, and their contribution toward disease, encompasses virtually all aspects of human biology. Our understanding of miRNA-mediated regulation of MΦ plasticity and polarization can be utilized to modulate functional phenotypes to counter their role in the pathogenesis of numerous disease, including cancer, autoimmunity, periodontitis, etc. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge regarding the role of miRNA in shaping MΦ polarization and plasticity through targeting of various pathways and genes. Identification of miRNA biomarkers of diagnostic/prognostic value and their therapeutic potential by delivery of miRNA mimics or inhibitors to dynamically alter gene expression profiles in vivo is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Juhi Raju Uttamani
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Varun Kulkarni
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Whole grape alleviates inflammatory arthritis through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Tang X, Lin J, Wang G, Lu J. MicroRNA-433-3p promotes osteoblast differentiation through targeting DKK1 expression. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28628652 PMCID: PMC5476290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a powerful antagonist of canonical WNT signaling pathway, and is regarded as a biomarker for osteoporosis. Its expression is highly correlated with bone mass and osteoblasts maturation. In this study, mouse primary bone marrow cells and osteoblast cell lines were used. Luciferase reporter assay and western blotting methods were employed to validate if miRNA-433-3p epigenetically regulated DKK1 translation. Rat bone marrow derived osteoblasts were infected with lentivirus vector in which miR-433-3p was constructed. The authors constructed lentivirus mediated miRNA-433-3p stable expression and examined the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineral deposition level in vitro. In situ hybridization method was used to observe miR-433-3p in primary osteoblasts. We built up an OVX rat model to mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis, and found aberrant circulating miR-433-3p and miR-106b, which were not reported previously. Results showed that miR-433-3p potentially regulated DKK1 mRNA, Furthermore, the correlation of serum DKK1 with circulating miR-433-3p level was significant (r = 0.7520, p = 0.046). In the luciferase reporter assay, we found that miR-433-3p siRNA decreased luminescence signal, indicating direct regulation of miR-433-3p on DKK1 mRNA. When the miR-433-3p binding site in DKK1 3’UTR was mutant, such reduction was prohibited. Western blotting result validated that miR-433-3p inhibited over 90% of DKK1 protein expression. Similarly, the change of protein expression was not observed in mutant group. The stable expression of lentivirus mediated miR-433-3p increased ALP activity and mineralization both in human and rat derived immortalized cells. We found that primary osteoblasts had higher miR-433-3p level compared with immortal cells through real-time PCR, as well as in situ hybridization experiment. Conclusively, our findings further emphasized the vital role of miR-433-3p in DKK1/WNT/β-catenin pathway through decreasing DKK1 expression and inducing osteoblasts differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Tang
- Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jiantao Lin
- Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Guanhai Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jianlin Lu
- Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan, China
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Yang ZQ, Zhang HL, Duan CC, Geng S, Wang K, Yu HF, Yue ZP, Guo B. IGF1 regulates RUNX1 expression via IRS1/2: Implications for antler chondrocyte differentiation. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:522-532. [PMID: 28055425 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1274471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although IGF1 is important for the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, its underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here we addressed the physiologic function of IGF1 in antler cartilage and explored the interplay of IGF1, IRS1/2 and RUNX1 in chondrocyte differentiation. The results showed that IGF1 was highly expressed in antler chondrocytes. Exogenous rIGF1 could increase the proliferation of chondrocytes and cell proportion in the S phase, whereas IGF1R inhibitor PQ401 abrogated the induction by rIGF1. Simultaneously, IGF1 could stimulate the expression of IHH which was a well-known marker for prehypertrophic chondrocytes. Further analysis evidenced that IGF1 regulated the expression of IRS1/2 whose silencing resulted in a rise of IHH mRNA levels, but the regulation was impeded by PQ401. Knockdown of IRS1 or IRS2 with specific siRNA could greatly enhance rIGF1-induced chondrocyte differentiation and reduce the expression of RUNX1. Extraneous rRUNX1 might rescue the effects of IRS1 or IRS2 siRNA on the differentiation. In antler chondrocytes, IGF1 played a role in modulating the expression of RUNX1 through IGF1R. Moreover, attenuation of RUNX1 expression advanced the differentiation elicited by rIGF1, while administration of rRUNX1 to chondrocytes treated with IGF1 siRNA or PQ401 reduced their differentiation. Additionally, siRNA-mediated downregulation of IRS1 or IRS2 in the chondrocytes impaired the interaction between IGF1 and RUNX1. Collectively, IGF1 could promote the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. Furthermore, IRS1/2 might act downstream of IGF1 to regulate chondrocyte differentiation through targeting RUNX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Qing Yang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Cui-Cui Duan
- b Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Hai-Fan Yu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
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Phospholipase Cγ1 suppresses foreign body giant cell formation by maintaining RUNX1 expression in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:1025-1029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Paglia DN, Yang X, Kalinowski J, Jastrzebski S, Drissi H, Lorenzo J. Runx1 Regulates Myeloid Precursor Differentiation Into Osteoclasts Without Affecting Differentiation Into Antigen Presenting or Phagocytic Cells in Both Males and Females. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3058-69. [PMID: 27267711 PMCID: PMC4967120 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1), a master regulator of hematopoiesis, is expressed in preosteoclasts. Previously we evaluated the bone phenotype of CD11b-Cre Runx1(fl/fl) mice and demonstrated enhanced osteoclasts and decreased bone mass in males. However, an assessment of the effects of Runx1 deletion in female osteoclast precursors was impossible with this model. Moreover, the role of Runx1 in myeloid cell differentiation into other lineages is unknown. Therefore, we generated LysM-Cre Runx1(fl/fl) mice, which delete Runx1 equally (∼80% deletion) in myeloid precursor cells from both sexes and examined the capacity of these cells to differentiate into osteoclasts and phagocytic and antigen-presenting cells. Both female and male LysM-Cre Runx1(fl/fl) mice had decreased trabecular bone mass (72% decrease in bone volume fraction) and increased osteoclast number (2-3 times) (P < .05) without alteration of osteoblast histomorphometric indices. We also demonstrated that loss of Runx1 in pluripotential myeloid precursors with LysM-Cre did not alter the number of myeloid precursor cells in bone marrow or their ability to differentiate into phagocytizing or antigen-presenting cells. This study demonstrates that abrogation of Runx1 in multipotential myeloid precursor cells significantly and specifically enhanced the ability of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand to stimulate osteoclast formation and fusion in female and male mice without affecting other myeloid cell fates. In turn, increased osteoclast activity in LysM-Cre Runx1(fl/fl) mice likely contributed to a decrease in bone mass. These dramatic effects were not due to increased osteoclast precursors in the deleted mutants and argue that inhibition of Runx1 in multipotential myeloid precursor cells is important for osteoclast formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Paglia
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Xiaochuan Yang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Judith Kalinowski
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Sandra Jastrzebski
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (D.N.P., X.Y., H.D., J.L.), Medicine (J.K., S.J., J.L.), and Genetics and Genome Sciences (H.D.), University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
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