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Feng Z, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang W. NCAPG2 contributes to the progression of malignant melanoma through regulating proliferation and metastasis. Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 100:473-484. [PMID: 36265182 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cutaneous neoplasm with increasing incidence worldwide. Non-SMC condensin II complex subunit G2 (NCAPG2) exerts import biological function in the pathogenesis of several tumors. In this study, the functional roles of NCAPG2 knockdown in malignant melanoma were revealed in in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro study demonstrated that NCAPG2 depletion could inhibit proliferation and migration and promote apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells. Our in vivo date further confirmed that NCAPG2 knockdown attenuated tumor growth of malignant melanoma. Interestingly, NCAPG2 drove tumor development of malignant melanoma through activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In conclusion, this study elaborated the tumor-promoting effects of NCAPG2 on malignant melanoma, and NCAPG2 may be a potential therapeutic target for malignant melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Feng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Linfeng Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
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2
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Wo G, Zhu Z, Fang Z, Chen X, Liang M, Wang Y, Shao X, Shen H, Tang J. Dihydrotanshinone I: A Target for STAT3 in the Therapy of Tamoxifen‐Resistant Breast Cancer. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Wo
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | | | - Yalin Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University 209 Tongshan Road Xuzhou 221004 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Shao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Shen
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Jin‐Hai Tang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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3
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Madera S, Izzo F, Chervo MF, Dupont A, Chiauzzi VA, Bruni S, Petrillo E, Merin SS, De Martino M, Montero D, Levit C, Lebersztein G, Anfuso F, Roldán Deamicis A, Mercogliano MF, Proietti CJ, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV, Cordo Russo RI. Halting ErbB-2 isoforms retrograde transport to the nucleus as a new theragnostic approach for triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:447. [PMID: 35534460 PMCID: PMC9084267 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is clinically defined by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the lack of membrane overexpression or gene amplification of receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2/HER2. Due to TNBC heterogeneity, clinical biomarkers and targeted therapies for this disease remain elusive. We demonstrated that ErbB-2 is localized in the nucleus (NErbB-2) of TNBC cells and primary tumors, from where it drives growth. We also discovered that TNBC expresses both wild-type ErbB-2 (WTErbB-2) and alternative ErbB-2 isoform c (ErbB-2c). Here, we revealed that the inhibitors of the retrograde transport Retro-2 and its cyclic derivative Retro-2.1 evict both WTErbB-2 and ErbB-2c from the nucleus of BC cells and tumors. Using BC cells from several molecular subtypes, as well as normal breast cells, we demonstrated that Retro-2 specifically blocks proliferation of BC cells expressing NErbB-2. Importantly, Retro-2 eviction of both ErbB-2 isoforms from the nucleus resulted in a striking growth abrogation in multiple TNBC preclinical models, including tumor explants and xenografts. Our mechanistic studies in TNBC cells revealed that Retro-2 induces a differential accumulation of WTErbB-2 at the early endosomes and the plasma membrane, and of ErbB-2c at the Golgi, shedding new light both on Retro-2 action on endogenous protein cargoes undergoing retrograde transport, and on the biology of ErbB-2 splicing variants. In addition, we revealed that the presence of a functional signal peptide and a nuclear export signal (NES), both located at the N-terminus of WTErbB-2, and absent in ErbB-2c, accounts for the differential subcellular distribution of ErbB-2 isoforms upon Retro-2 treatment. Our present discoveries provide evidence for the rational repurposing of Retro-2 as a novel therapeutic agent for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Madera
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Izzo
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - María F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Dupont
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Violeta A Chiauzzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Bruni
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Petrillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular and CONICET-UBA, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sharon S Merin
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mara De Martino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diego Montero
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Levit
- Servicio de Ginecología, Sanatorio Sagrado Corazón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Fabiana Anfuso
- Servicio de Ginecología, Sanatorio Sagrado Corazón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Roldán Deamicis
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rosalía I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Astrocytoma: A Hormone-Sensitive Tumor? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239114. [PMID: 33266110 PMCID: PMC7730176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytomas and, in particular, their most severe form, glioblastoma, are the most aggressive primary brain tumors and those with the poorest vital prognosis. Standard treatment only slightly improves patient survival. Therefore, new therapies are needed. Very few risk factors have been clearly identified but many epidemiological studies have reported a higher incidence in men than women with a sex ratio of 1:4. Based on these observations, it has been proposed that the neurosteroids and especially the estrogens found in higher concentrations in women's brains could, in part, explain this difference. Estrogens can bind to nuclear or membrane receptors and potentially stimulate many different interconnected signaling pathways. The study of these receptors is even more complex since many isoforms are produced from each estrogen receptor encoding gene through alternative promoter usage or splicing, with each of them potentially having a specific role in the cell. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent data supporting the involvement of steroids during gliomagenesis and to focus on the potential neuroprotective role as well as the mechanisms of action of estrogens in gliomas.
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Luo J, Zeng S, Tian C. MORC4 Promotes Chemoresistance of Luminal A/B Breast Cancer via STAT3-Mediated MID2 Upregulation. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6795-6803. [PMID: 32764967 PMCID: PMC7367747 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s260509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose MORC4 has recently been characterized as a breast cancer-associated anti-apoptotic oncoprotein. In the current study, we explored its downstream regulation in luminal A/B breast tumors. Materials and Methods Bioinformatic prediction was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-breast cancer (BRCA). Cellular and molecular studies were conducted using luminal A/B representative MCF-7 and BT-474 cell lines. Results ENST00000355610.8 (encoding MORC4a isoform) was the dominant transcript in breast cancer. ChIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase assay confirmed two STAT3-binding sites in the MID2 promoter in both MCF-7 and BT-474 cells. Co-IP confirmed an interaction between MORC4 and STAT3. ChIP-qPCR data indicated that MORC4 inhibition led to remarkably decreased enrichment of the STAT3-binding MID2 promoter segments. MORC4 overexpression significantly elevated BCL-2 expression in MCF-7 cells and increased their resistance to adriamycin (ADM), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and cisplatin (DDP). MID2 inhibition largely abrogated MORC4-induced drug-resistance. However, the drug-resistant phenotype was rescued by overexpressing MID2-MT that was resistant to MID2 siRNA. Conclusion This study revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of MORC4 on MID2 expression via STAT3-mediated transcriptional activation. This regulatory axis might confer increased chemoresistance to breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Zeng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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De Martino M, Tkach M, Bruni S, Rocha D, Mercogliano MF, Cenciarini ME, Chervo MF, Proietti CJ, Dingli F, Loew D, Fernández EA, Elizalde PV, Piaggio E, Schillaci R. Blockade of Stat3 oncogene addiction induces cellular senescence and reveals a cell-nonautonomous activity suitable for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1715767. [PMID: 32064174 PMCID: PMC6996562 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1715767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stat3 is constitutively activated in several tumor types and plays an essential role in maintaining their malignant phenotype and immunosupression. To take advantage of the promising antitumor activity of Stat3 targeting, it is vital to understand the mechanism by which Stat3 regulates both cell autonomous and non-autonomous processes. Here, we demonstrated that turning off Stat3 constitutive activation in different cancer cell types induces senescence, thus revealing their Stat3 addiction. Taking advantage of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) induced by Stat3 silencing (SASP-siStat3), we designed an immunotherapy. The administration of SASP-siStat3 immunotherapy induced a strong inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma growth associated with activation of CD4 + T and NK cells. Combining this immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody resulted in survival improvement in mice bearing melanoma. The characterization of the SASP components revealed that type I IFN-related mediators, triggered by the activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase DNA sensing pathway, are important for its immunosurveillance activity. Overall, our findings provided evidence that administration of SASP-siStat3 or low dose of Stat3-blocking agents would benefit patients with Stat3-addicted tumors to unleash an antitumor immune response and to improve the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara De Martino
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Sofía Bruni
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Darío Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro E Cenciarini
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Elmer A Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE), Universidad Católica De Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cenciarini ME, Proietti CJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying progesterone receptor action in breast cancer: Insights into cell proliferation and stem cell regulation. Steroids 2019; 152:108503. [PMID: 31562879 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ovarian steroid hormone progesterone and its nuclear receptor, the Progesterone Receptor (PR), play an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the mammary gland. In addition, experimental and clinical evidence demonstrate their critical role in controlling mammary gland tumorigenesis and breast cancer development. When bound to its ligand, the main action of PR is as a transcription factor, which regulates the expression of target genes networks. PR also activates signal transduction pathways through a rapid or non-genomic mechanism in breast cancer cells, an event that is fully integrated with its genomic effects. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of the ligand-activated PR actions that drive epithelial cell proliferation and the regulation of the stem cell population in the normal breast and in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro E Cenciarini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina.
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Proietti CJ, Cenciarini ME, Elizalde PV. Revisiting progesterone receptor (PR) actions in breast cancer: Insights into PR repressive functions. Steroids 2018; 133:75-81. [PMID: 29317254 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone receptor (PR) is a master regulator in female reproductive tissues that controls developmental processes and proliferation and differentiation during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. PR also plays a role in progression of endocrine-dependent breast cancer. As a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand-dependent transcription factors, the main action of PR is to regulate networks of target gene expression in response to binding its cognate steroid hormone, progesterone. Liganded-PR transcriptional activation has been thoroughly studied and associated mechanisms have been described while progesterone-mediated repression has remained less explored. The present work summarizes recent advances in the understanding of how PR-mediated repression is accomplished in breast cancer cells and highlights the significance of fully understanding the determinants of context-dependent PR action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina.
| | - Mauro E Cenciarini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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Peevey JF, Seagle BLL, Maniar KP, Kim JJ. Association of body mass index with ER, PR and 14-3-3σ expression in tumor and stroma of type I and type II endometrial carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42548-42559. [PMID: 28476021 PMCID: PMC5522087 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a prominent risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC) and can impede on surgical and hormonal treatments. Markers of EC, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), phospho(Ser473)-AKT (pAKT) and 14-3-3 sigma (14-3-3σ) were measured in EC tissues in both the tumor and stroma and grouped by body mass index (BMI). Immunohistochemical scoring of 82 cases of Type 1 and Type II EC tissues revealed a significantly increased tumor expression of ER, PR and 14-3-3σ in women with Type I (BMI < 40) as compared to Type II (BMI < 30) EC. With higher BMI, only PR and 14-3-3σ in the tumor epithelium was significantly higher in Type I than Type II. In particular, Type I EC exhibited significantly increased levels of only PR from patients with BMI > 40 compared to BMI < 40. Type II EC showed increased expression of ER in the stroma only between high and low BMI. Analysis of the TCGA RNA-Seq mRNA expression of ER, PR, PIK3CA, PTEN and SFN (gene for 14-3-3σ) confirmed increased PR expression in EC of obese women. In conclusion, ER, PR and 14-3-3σ are differentially regulated in Type I compared to Type II EC while PR is dysregulated in obese women with Type I EC. These findings have potential implications for efficacy of progestin treatment in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Peevey
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brandon-Luke L Seagle
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kruti P Maniar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Julie Kim
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Knutson TP, Truong TH, Ma S, Brady NJ, Sullivan ME, Raj G, Schwertfeger KL, Lange CA. Posttranslationally modified progesterone receptors direct ligand-specific expression of breast cancer stem cell-associated gene programs. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:89. [PMID: 28412963 PMCID: PMC5392969 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen and progesterone are potent breast mitogens. In addition to steroid hormones, multiple signaling pathways input to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) actions via posttranslational events. Protein kinases commonly activated in breast cancers phosphorylate steroid hormone receptors (SRs) and profoundly impact their activities. Methods To better understand the role of modified PRs in breast cancer, we measured total and phospho-Ser294 PRs in 209 human breast tumors represented on 2754 individual tissue spots within a tissue microarray and assayed the regulation of this site in human tumor explants cultured ex vivo. To complement this analysis, we assayed PR target gene regulation in T47D luminal breast cancer models following treatment with progestin (promegestone; R5020) and antiprogestins (mifepristone, onapristone, or aglepristone) in conditions under which the receptor is regulated by Lys388 SUMOylation (K388 intact) or is SUMO-deficient (via K388R mutation to mimic persistent Ser294 phosphorylation). Selected phospho-PR-driven target genes were validated by qRT-PCR and following RUNX2 shRNA knockdown in breast cancer cell lines. Primary and secondary mammosphere assays were performed to implicate phospho-Ser294 PRs, epidermal growth factor signaling, and RUNX2 in breast cancer stem cell biology. Results Phospho-Ser294 PR species were abundant in a majority (54%) of luminal breast tumors, and PR promoter selectivity was exquisitely sensitive to posttranslational modifications. Phospho-PR expression and target gene programs were significantly associated with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Consistent with our finding that activated phospho-PRs undergo rapid ligand-dependent turnover, unique phospho-PR gene signatures were most prevalent in breast tumors clinically designated as PR-low to PR-null (luminal B) and included gene sets associated with cancer stem cell biology (HER2, PAX2, AHR, AR, RUNX). Validation studies demonstrated a requirement for RUNX2 in the regulation of selected phospho-PR target genes (SLC37A2). In vitro mammosphere formation assays support a role for phospho-Ser294-PRs via growth factor (EGF) signaling as well as RUNX2 as potent drivers of breast cancer stem cell fate. Conclusions We conclude that PR Ser294 phosphorylation is a common event in breast cancer progression that is required to maintain breast cancer stem cell fate, in part via cooperation with growth factor-initiated signaling pathways and key phospho-PR target genes including SLC37A2 and RUNX2. Clinical measurement of phosphorylated PRs should be considered a useful marker of breast tumor stem cell potential. Alternatively, unique phospho-PR target gene sets may provide useful tools with which to identify patients likely to respond to selective PR modulators that block PR Ser294 phosphorylation as part of rational combination (i.e., with antiestrogens) endocrine therapies designed to durably block breast cancer recurrence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0462-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Knutson
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Thu H Truong
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shihong Ma
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, J8.130C, Dallas, TX, 75390-9110, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Megan E Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Evanston Hospital, University of Chicago, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Ganesh Raj
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, J8.130C, Dallas, TX, 75390-9110, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Grimm SL, Hartig SM, Edwards DP. Progesterone Receptor Signaling Mechanisms. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3831-49. [PMID: 27380738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone receptor (PR) is a master regulator in female reproductive tissues that controls developmental processes and proliferation and differentiation during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. PR also plays a role in progression of endocrine-dependent breast cancer. As a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand-dependent transcription factors, the main action of PR is to regulate networks of target gene expression in response to binding its cognate steroid hormone, progesterone. This paper summarizes recent advances in understanding the structure-function properties of the receptor protein and the tissue/cell-type-specific PR signaling pathways that contribute to the biological actions of progesterone in the normal breast and in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Grimm
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dean P Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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