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Amoah E, Sahraeian T, Seth A, Badu-Tawiah AK. Differentiation of oligosaccharide isomers by direct infusion multidimensional mass spectrometry. Analyst 2024. [PMID: 39420774 DOI: 10.1039/d4an01142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides demonstrate many bioactivities with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. They also serve as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer and glycogen storage disorders. These make the structural characterization of oligosaccharides very important. Unfortunately, the structural diversity found in saccharides make their characterization challenging, necessitating the development of sophisticated instrumentation to enable isomer differentiation. Herein, we report the ability of halide (Cl- and Br-) adducts to enable direct differentiation of oligosaccharide isomers using conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem MS (MS/MS). The halide adducts were generated by direct infusion nano-electrospray ionization (nESI). For the first time, this traditional nESI CID MS/MS platform was used to differentiate stereoisomers of trisaccharides (cellotriose β(1 → 4) and maltotriose α(1 → 4), tetrasaccharides (cellotetraose and maltotetraose), and pentasaccharides (cellopentaose and maltopentaose)). In addition, the MS/MS of halide adducts enabled the differentiation of positional, structural, and linkage isomers from a total of 14 oligosaccharides. The isomer differentiation was realized by the generation of distinct diagnostic fragment ions in CID. We also performed principal component analysis using the entire range of MS/MS fragment ion profiles and found that negative-ion mode halide adduction provided more effective isomer differentiation compared with positive-ion mode sodium adduction. Finally, we demonstrated complex mixture analysis by spiking all 14 oligosaccharides into raw urine, of which we successfully distinguished species based on molecular weight (first dimension) and CID MS/MS fragmentation patterns as the second dimension separation. This work effectively showcases the potential to use direct infusion nESI-MS/MS to characterize synthetic oligosaccharide isomers in unpurified reaction mixture as well as from biofluids for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Amoah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Taghi Sahraeian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Ayesha Seth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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2
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K R, S VK, Saravanan P, Rajeshkannan R, Rajasimman M, Kamyab H, Vasseghian Y. Exploring the diverse applications of Carbohydrate macromolecules in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental technologies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117521. [PMID: 37890825 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are a class of macromolecules that has significant potential across several domains, including the organisation of genetic material, provision of structural support, and facilitation of defence mechanisms against invasion. Their molecular diversity enables a vast array of essential functions, such as energy storage, immunological signalling, and the modification of food texture and consistency. Due to their rheological characteristics, solubility, sweetness, hygroscopicity, ability to prevent crystallization, flavour encapsulation, and coating capabilities, carbohydrates are useful in food products. Carbohydrates hold potential for the future of therapeutic development due to their important role in sustained drug release, drug targeting, immune antigens, and adjuvants. Bio-based packaging provides an emerging phase of materials that offer biodegradability and biocompatibility, serving as a substitute for traditional non-biodegradable polymers used as coatings on paper. Blending polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) with carbohydrate biopolymers, such as starch, cellulose, polylactic acid, etc., reduces the undesirable qualities of PHA, such as crystallinity and brittleness, and enhances the PHA's properties in addition to minimizing manufacturing costs. Carbohydrate-based biopolymeric nanoparticles are a viable and cost-effective way to boost agricultural yields, which is crucial for the increasing global population. The use of biopolymeric nanoparticles derived from carbohydrates is a potential and economically viable approach to enhance the quality and quantity of agricultural harvests, which is of utmost importance given the developing global population. The carbohydrate biopolymers may play in plant protection against pathogenic fungi by inhibiting spore germination and mycelial growth, may act as effective elicitors inducing the plant immune system to cope with pathogens. Furthermore, they can be utilised as carriers in controlled-release formulations of agrochemicals or other active ingredients, offering an alternative approach to conventional fungicides. It is expected that this review provides an extensive summary of the application of carbohydrates in the realms of food, pharmaceuticals, and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaprabha K
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Venkat Kumar S
- Department of Petrochemical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Panchamoorthy Saravanan
- Department of Petrochemical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajeshkannan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Rajasimman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
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Navals P, Kwiatkowska A, Mekdad N, Couture F, Desjardins R, Day R, Dory YL. Enhancing the Drug-Like Profile of a Potent Peptide PACE4 Inhibitor by the Formation of a Host-Guest Inclusion Complex with β-Cyclodextrin. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4559-4573. [PMID: 37555521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme PACE4 has been validated as a promising therapeutic target to expand the range of prostate cancer (PCa) treatments. In recent years, we have developed a potent peptidomimetic inhibitor, namely, compound C23 (Ac-(DLeu)LLLRVK-4-amidinobenzylamide). Like many peptides, C23 suffers from an unfavorable drug-like profile which, despite our efforts, has not yet benefited from the usual SAR studies. Hence, we turned our attention toward a novel formulation strategy, i.e., the use of cyclodextrins (CDs). CDs can benefit compounds through the formation of "host-guest" complexes, shielding the guest from degradation and enhancing biological survival. In this study, a series of βCD-C23 complexes have been generated and their properties evaluated, including potency toward the enzyme in vitro, a cell-based proliferation assay, and stability in plasma. As a result, a new βCD-formulated lead compound has been identified, which, in addition to being more soluble and more potent, also showed an improved stability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Navals
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Anna Kwiatkowska
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chirurgie/Urologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nawel Mekdad
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chirurgie/Urologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Frédéric Couture
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chirurgie/Urologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Roxane Desjardins
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chirurgie/Urologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Robert Day
- Phenoswitch Bioscience Inc, 975 Rue Léon-Trépanier, Sherbrooke, Québec J1G 5J6, Canada
| | - Yves L Dory
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
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4
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Choudhary N, Bawari S, Burcher JT, Sinha D, Tewari D, Bishayee A. Targeting Cell Signaling Pathways in Lung Cancer by Bioactive Phytocompounds. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3980. [PMID: 37568796 PMCID: PMC10417502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous group of malignancies with high incidence worldwide. It is the most frequently occurring cancer in men and the second most common in women. Due to its frequent diagnosis and variable response to treatment, lung cancer was reported as the top cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020. Many aberrant signaling cascades are implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, including those involved in apoptosis (B cell lymphoma protein, Bcl-2-associated X protein, first apoptosis signal ligand), growth inhibition (tumor suppressor protein or gene and serine/threonine kinase 11), and growth promotion (epidermal growth factor receptor/proto-oncogenes/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase). Accordingly, these pathways and their signaling molecules have become promising targets for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Recent research provides compelling evidence for the use of plant-based compounds, known collectively as phytochemicals, as anticancer agents. This review discusses major contributing signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of lung cancer, as well as currently available treatments and prospective drug candidates. The anticancer potential of naturally occurring bioactive compounds in the context of lung cancer is also discussed, with critical analysis of their mechanistic actions presented by preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, GNA School of Pharmacy, GNA University, Phagwara 144 401, India
| | - Sweta Bawari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201 301, India
| | - Jack T. Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110 017, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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5
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Riester O, Burkhardtsmaier P, Gurung Y, Laufer S, Deigner HP, Schmidt MS. Synergy of R-(-)carvone and cyclohexenone-based carbasugar precursors with antibiotics to enhance antibiotic potency and inhibit biofilm formation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18019. [PMID: 36289389 PMCID: PMC9606123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of antibiotics in recent decades has been a major factor in the emergence of antibiotic resistances. Antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose increasing challenges to healthcare systems in both developing and developed countries. To counteract this, the development of new antibiotics or adjuvants to combat existing resistance to antibiotics is crucial. Glycomimetics, for example carbasugars, offer high potential as adjuvants, as they can inhibit metabolic pathways or biofilm formation due to their similarity to natural substrates. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of carbasugar precursors (CSPs) and their application as biofilm inhibitors for E. coli and MRSA, as well as their synergistic effect in combination with antibiotics to circumvent biofilm-induced antibiotic resistances. This results in a biofilm reduction of up to 70% for the CSP rac-7 and a reduction in bacterial viability of MRSA by approximately 45% when combined with the otherwise ineffective antibiotic mixture of penicillin and streptomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Riester
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pia Burkhardtsmaier
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Yuna Gurung
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Stefan Laufer
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery and Development (TüCAD2), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Faculty of Science, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022EXIM Department, Fraunhofer Institute IZI (Leipzig), Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Magnus S. Schmidt
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
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6
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Pal D, Chaudhury A, Mukhopadhyay B. Chemical Synthesis of the Linker‐Armed Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of the O‐antigen from Pseudomonas putida BIM B‐1100. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Pal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Department of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Aritra Chaudhury
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Department of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata IISER-K Department of Chemical Sciences Mohanpur Campus, Nadia 741252 Nadia INDIA
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7
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Singh SK, Mishra N, Kumar S, Jaiswal MK, Tiwari VK. Growing Impact of Carbohydrate‐Based Organocatalysts. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 INDIA
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 INDIA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 INDIA
| | - Manoj K. Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 INDIA
| | - Vinod K. Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 INDIA
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Zorin A, Klenk L, Mack T, Deigner HP, Schmidt MS. Current Synthetic Approaches to the Synthesis of Carbasugars from Non-Carbohydrate Sources. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:12. [PMID: 35138497 PMCID: PMC8827411 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbasugars are a group of carbohydrate derivatives in which the ring oxygen is replaced by a methylene group, producing a molecule with a nearly identical structure but highly different behavior. Over time, this definition has been extended to include other unsaturated cyclohexenols and carba-, di-, and polysaccharides. Such molecules can be found in bacterial strains and the human body, acting as neurotransmitters (e.g., inositol trisphosphate). In science, there are a wide range of research areas that are affected by, and involve, carbasugars, such as studies on enzyme inhibition, lectin-binding, and even HIV and cancer treatment. In this review article, different methods for synthesizing carbasugars, their derivatives, and similar cyclohexanes presenting comparable characteristics are summarized and evaluated, utilizing diverse starting materials and synthetic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zorin
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Lukas Klenk
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Tonia Mack
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
- EXIM Department, Fraunhofer Institute IZI Leipzig, Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Associated Member of Tuebingen University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Magnus S. Schmidt
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
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9
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Chemical Reactivity Descriptors and Molecular Docking Studies of Octyl 6-O-hexanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosides. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE & PROCESS ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.33736/jaspe.3727.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes different chemical reactivity predictions of 6-O-hexanoylation of octyl β-D-glucopyranosides prepared from octyl β-D-glucopyranoside (OBG). Also, molecular docking of the OBGs was conducted against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (6LU7), urate oxidase (Aspergillus flavus; 1R51) and glucoamylase (Aspergillus niger; 1KUL). DFT optimization indicated that glucoside 1 and its ester derivatives 2-7 exist in 4C1 conformation with C1 symmetry. Interestingly, the addition of ester group(s) decreased the HOMO-LUMO gap (Δԑ) of glucosides indicating their good chemical reactivities, whereas the other chemical reactivity descriptors indicated their moderate reactive nature. This fact of moderate reactivity was confirmed by their molecular docking with 6LU7, 1R51 and 1KUL. All the esters showed a moderate binding affinity with these three proteins. More importantly, incorporation of the ester group(s) increased binding affinity with 6LU7 and 1R51, whereas decreased with 1KUL as compared to non-ester OBG 1.
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10
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A systematic review of carbohydrate-based bioactive molecules for Alzheimer's disease. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1695-1711. [PMID: 34472382 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundance, low cost, high density of functional groups and ease of purification of carbohydrates are among the most important features that make them a prime candidate for designing therapeutics. Several carbohydrate-based molecules, of both natural and synthetic origin, are known for their wide range of therapeutic activities. The incorporation of a carbohydrate moiety not only retains the pharmacological characteristics of a molecule but also improves its activity. Several sugar conjugates have been designed and reported to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, β-amyloid and tau aggregation. This systematic review provides a brief overview of carbohydrate-based bioactive molecules having anti-Alzheimer's activity along with improved therapeutic potential. Most importantly, several reported carbohydrate-based molecules for Alzheimer's disease act on β-amyloid aggregation, tau protein, cholinesterase and oxidative stress, with enhanced pharmacokinetic and mechanistic properties. The prospect of designing carbohydrate-based molecules for Alzheimer's disease will definitely provide potential opportunities to discover novel carbohydrate-based drugs.
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12
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Ding Y, Vara Prasad CVNS, Wang B. Glycosylation on Unprotected or Partially Protected Acceptors. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yili Ding
- Life Science Department; Foshan University; 528000 Foshan Guangdong China
| | | | - Bingyun Wang
- Life Science Department; Foshan University; 528000 Foshan Guangdong China
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13
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Chen L, Xu X, Cui F, Qiu Q, Chen X, Xu J. Au nanoparticles-ZnO composite nanotubes using natural silk fibroin fiber as template for electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide. Anal Biochem 2018; 554:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Malinowski M, Rowicki T, Guzik P, Wielechowska M, Sas W. Synthesis of Carbohydrate Mimetics by Intramolecular 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of N
-(3-Alkenyl)nitrones Derived from Unprotected d
-Aldopentoses. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Malinowski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Tomasz Rowicki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Patrycja Guzik
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Monika Wielechowska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Wojciech Sas
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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15
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Antibacterial properties of sophorolipid-modified gold surfaces against Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 157:325-334. [PMID: 28609707 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sophorolipids are bioderived glycolipids displaying interesting antimicrobial properties. We show that they can be used to develop biocidal monolayers against Listeria ivanovii, a Gram-positive bacterium. The present work points out the dependence between the surface density and the antibacterial activity of grafted sophorolipids. It also emphasizes the broad spectrum of activity of these coatings, demonstrating their potential against both Gram-positive strains (Enteroccocus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhymurium). After exposure to sophorolipids grafted onto gold, all these bacterial strains show a significant reduction in viability resulting from membrane damage as evidenced by fluorescent labelling and SEM-FEG analysis.
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16
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Mishra S, Upadhaya K, Mishra KB, Shukla AK, Tripathi RP, Tiwari VK. Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63601-0.00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Valotteau C, Calers C, Casale S, Berton J, Stevens CV, Babonneau F, Pradier CM, Humblot V, Baccile N. Biocidal Properties of a Glycosylated Surface: Sophorolipids on Au(111). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18086-18095. [PMID: 26247605 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Classical antibacterial surfaces usually involve antiadhesive and/or biocidal strategies. Glycosylated surfaces are usually used to prevent biofilm formation via antiadhesive mechanisms. We report here the first example of a glycosylated surface with biocidal properties created by the covalent grafting of sophorolipids (a sophorose unit linked by a glycosidic bond to an oleic acid) through a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of short aminothiols on gold (111) surfaces. The biocidal effect of such surfaces on Gram+ bacteria was assessed by a wide combination of techniques including microscopy observations, fluorescent staining, and bacterial growth tests. About 50% of the bacteria are killed via alteration of the cell envelope. In addition, the roles of the sophorose unit and aliphatic chain configuration are highlighted by the lack of activity of substrates modified, respectively, with sophorose-free oleic acid and sophorolipid-derivative having a saturated aliphatic chain. This system demonstrates thus the direct implication of a carbohydrate in the destabilization and disruption of the bacterial cell envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Valotteau
- †Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UMR 7574, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR 7197, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Calers
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR 7197, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Casale
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR 7197, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jan Berton
- §SynBioC Research Group, Departement of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- §SynBioC Research Group, Departement of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Florence Babonneau
- †Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UMR 7574, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Claire-Marie Pradier
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR 7197, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Humblot
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR 7197, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Niki Baccile
- †Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UMR 7574, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
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Fernández-Tejada A, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Recent Developments in Synthetic Carbohydrate-Based Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Therapeutics. Chemistry 2015; 21:10616-28. [PMID: 26095198 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are everywhere in biological systems, being involved in many cellular events with important implications for medical purposes. Building upon a detailed understanding of the functional roles of carbohydrates in molecular recognition processes and disease states, glycans are increasingly being considered as key players in pharmacological research. On the basis of the important progress recently made in glycochemistry, glycobiology, and glycomedicine, we provide a complete overview of successful applications and future perspectives of carbohydrates in the biopharmaceutical and medical fields. This review highlights the development of carbohydrate-based diagnostics, exemplified by glycan imaging techniques and microarray platforms, synthetic oligosaccharide vaccines against infectious diseases (e.g., HIV) and cancer, and finally carbohydrate-derived therapeutics, including glycomimetic drugs and glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Infectious Disease Programme, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain). .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María López de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao (Spain).
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19
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Battina SK, Reddy TR, Radha Krishna P, Kashyap S. Ruthenium-catalyzed thioglycosylation: synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated-S-glycosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Zhang Y, Wang F. Carbohydrate drugs: current status and development prospect. Drug Discov Ther 2015; 9:79-87. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2015.01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
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21
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Djordjevic MA, Bezos A, Susanti, Marmuse L, Driguez H, Samain E, Vauzeilles B, Beau JM, Kordbacheh F, Rolfe BG, Schwörer R, Daines AM, Gresshoff PM, Parish CR. Lipo-chitin oligosaccharides, plant symbiosis signalling molecules that modulate mammalian angiogenesis in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112635. [PMID: 25536397 PMCID: PMC4275186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipochitin oligosaccharides (LCOs) are signaling molecules required by ecologically and agronomically important bacteria and fungi to establish symbioses with diverse land plants. In plants, oligo-chitins and LCOs can differentially interact with different lysin motif (LysM) receptors and affect innate immunity responses or symbiosis-related pathways. In animals, oligo-chitins also induce innate immunity and other physiological responses but LCO recognition has not been demonstrated. Here LCO and LCO-like compounds are shown to be biologically active in mammals in a structure dependent way through the modulation of angiogenesis, a tightly-regulated process involving the induction and growth of new blood vessels from existing vessels. The testing of 24 LCO, LCO-like or oligo-chitin compounds resulted in structure-dependent effects on angiogenesis in vitro leading to promotion, or inhibition or nil effects. Like plants, the mammalian LCO biological activity depended upon the presence and type of terminal substitutions. Un-substituted oligo-chitins of similar chain lengths were unable to modulate angiogenesis indicating that mammalian cells, like plant cells, can distinguish between LCOs and un-substituted oligo-chitins. The cellular mode-of-action of the biologically active LCOs in mammals was determined. The stimulation or inhibition of endothelial cell adhesion to vitronectin or fibronectin correlated with their pro- or anti-angiogenic activity. Importantly, novel and more easily synthesised LCO-like disaccharide molecules were also biologically active and de-acetylated chitobiose was shown to be the primary structural basis of recognition. Given this, simpler chitin disaccharides derivatives based on the structure of biologically active LCOs were synthesised and purified and these showed biological activity in mammalian cells. Since important chronic disease states are linked to either insufficient or excessive angiogenesis, LCO and LCO-like molecules may have the potential to be a new, carbohydrate-based class of therapeutics for modulating angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Djordjevic
- Research School of Biology, Plant Science Division, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Anna Bezos
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Susanti
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Laurence Marmuse
- University Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV, Grenoble, France CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France
| | - Hugues Driguez
- University Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV, Grenoble, France CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Samain
- University Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV, Grenoble, France CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France
| | - Boris Vauzeilles
- University Paris Sud, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, Orsay, France, and Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles du CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Marie Beau
- University Paris Sud, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, Orsay, France, and Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles du CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Farzaneh Kordbacheh
- Research School of Biology, Plant Science Division, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Barry G. Rolfe
- Research School of Biology, Plant Science Division, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ralf Schwörer
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alison M. Daines
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Peter M. Gresshoff
- The Centre for Integrative Legume Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher R. Parish
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Biology and the Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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22
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Expedient synthesis of a tetrasaccharide and a pentasaccharide corresponding to the cell wall O-antigen of Escherichia coli O77 and Escherichia coli O17. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Jana M, Misra AK. Straightforward synthesis of a tetrasaccharide repeating unit corresponding to the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O16. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1757-62. [PMID: 24062839 PMCID: PMC3778367 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O16 has been achieved following a sequential glycosylation strategy. A minimum number of steps was used for the synthesis of the target compound involving a one-pot glycosylation and a protecting group manipulation. All intermediate reactions afford their products in high yield, and the glycosylation steps are stereoselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Jana
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII-M, Kolkata-700054, India
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24
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Egger J, Weckerle C, Cutting B, Schwardt O, Rabbani S, Lemme K, Ernst B. Nanomolar E-selectin antagonists with prolonged half-lives by a fragment-based approach. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9820-8. [PMID: 23742188 DOI: 10.1021/ja4029582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selectins, a family of C-type lectins, play a key role in inflammatory diseases (e.g., asthma and arthritis). However, the only millimolar affinity of sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x)), which is the common tetrasaccharide epitope of all physiological selectin ligands, has been a major obstacle to the development of selectin antagonists for therapeutic applications. In a fragment-based approach guided by NMR, ligands binding to a second site in close proximity to a sLe(x) mimic were identified. A library of antagonists obtained by connecting the sLe(x) mimic to the best second-site ligand via triazole linkers of different lengths was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance. Detailed analysis of the five most promising candidates revealed antagonists with K(D) values ranging from 30 to 89 nM. In contrast to carbohydrate-lectin complexes with typical half-lives (t(1/2)) in the range of one second or even less, these fragment-based selectin antagonists show t1/2 of several minutes. They exhibit a promising starting point for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Egger
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Synthesis of oligo(lactose)-based thiols and their self-assembly onto gold surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 105:187-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeman K. Mamidyala
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037
| | - M.G. Finn
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037
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27
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Gottschaldt M, Schubert US. Prospects of metal complexes peripherally substituted with sugars in biomedicinal applications. Chemistry 2009; 15:1548-57. [PMID: 19130511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes possess unique tunable properties, such as radioactivity, cytotoxicity or photophysical features, enabling them to act as diagnostic tracers or therapeutic agents. In applying them in biological systems, it is often necessary to enhance their solubility and biocompatibility. To achieve such goals, like the targeting of binding domains, transport systems and enzyme activities, the attachment of carbohydrate moieties appears to be suitable. Sugar-substitution in the periphery of metal complexes has therefore become a strongly growing field of research. Outlined herein is a selection of recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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28
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Grant CF, Kanda V, Yu H, Bundle DR, McDermott MT. Optimization of immobilized bacterial disaccharides for surface plasmon resonance imaging measurements of antibody binding. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:14125-32. [PMID: 19360960 DOI: 10.1021/la8026489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between proteins and immobilized carbohydrates are crucial to biological events such as cell signaling and immune response. The modification of surfaces with carbohydrates to create sensing platforms provides a pathway to study these interactions in a laboratory setting. In this work, a family of structurally related Salmonella disaccharide epitopes is immobilized on thin gold films in an array format to probe antibody binding with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging. The disaccharides are modified with an alkyl thiol linker for facile immobilization to gold. Small differences in the stereochemistry of the immobilized, modified disaccharides are shown to greatly influence the binding of a monoclonal antibody. Specifically, binding is only observed to an immobilized abequose dideoxyhexose relative to a tyvelose or a paratose analogue. However, both the amount and relative strength of bound antibody depends on the distribution of disaccharide moieties in a mixed monolayer of the epitope and a nonbinding diluent molecule. We thoroughly characterize the mixed monolayers with a variety of techniques to understand the optimal density and distribution of the disaccharide for antibody capture. This work reinforces the importance of controlling the density of ligands at the interface for optimized surface based bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris F Grant
- Department of Chemistry and National Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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29
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Welch KT, Turner TA, Preast CE. Rational design of novel glycomimetics: Inhibitors of concanavalin A. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6573-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Dasgupta S, Mukhopadhyay B. Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to a Biodynamic Saponin fromCalamus Insignisas Their Propargyl Glycosides. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Ellis D, Norman SE, Osborn HM. Synthesis of S-linked carbohydrate analogues via a Ferrier reaction. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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André S, Maljaars CEP, Halkes KM, Gabius HJ, Kamerling JP. Discovery of galectin ligands in fully randomized combinatorial one-bead-one-compound (glyco)peptide libraries. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:793-8. [PMID: 17095217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Revised: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of human lectins (galectins) in disease progression accounts for the interest to design potent inhibitors. Three fully randomized hexa(glyco)peptide libraries were prepared using the portion mixing method combined with ladder synthesis. On-bead screening with fluorescently labelled galectin-1 and -3 yielded a series of lead structures, whose inhibitory activity on carbohydrate-dependent galectin binding was tested in solution by solid-phase and cell assays. The various data obtained define the library approach as a facile route for the discovery of selective (glyco)peptide-based galectin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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33
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Abstract
Fucosylated carbohydrate structures are involved in a variety of biological and pathological processes in eukaryotic organisms including tissue development, angiogenesis, fertilization, cell adhesion, inflammation, and tumor metastasis. In contrast, fucosylation appears less common in prokaryotic organisms and has been suggested to be involved in molecular mimicry, adhesion, colonization, and modulating the host immune response. Fucosyltransferases (FucTs), present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms, are the enzymes responsible for the catalysis of fucose transfer from donor guanosine-diphosphate fucose to various acceptor molecules including oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. To date, several subfamilies of mammalian FucTs have been well characterized; these enzymes are therefore delineated and used as models. Non-mammalian FucTs that possess different domain construction or display distinctive acceptor substrate specificity are highlighted. It is noteworthy that the glycoconjugates from plants and schistosomes contain some unusual fucose linkages, suggesting the presence of novel FucT subfamilies as yet to be characterized. Despite the very low sequence homology, striking functional similarity is exhibited between mammalian and Helicobacter pylori alpha1,3/4 FucTs, implying that these enzymes likely share a conserved mechanistic and structural basis for fucose transfer; such conserved functional features might also exist when comparing other FucT subfamilies from different origins. Fucosyltranferases are promising tools used in synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which show great potential in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ma
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
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34
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Awad L, Demange R, Zhu YH, Vogel P. The use of levoglucosenone and isolevoglucosenone as templates for the construction of C-linked disaccharides. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1235-52. [PMID: 16678805 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2006] [Revised: 04/10/2006] [Accepted: 04/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Because of their functionalities (enone, ketone, and acetal) and their bicyclic structure (steric factors), levoglucosenone (1,6-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-beta-D-glycero-hex-3-enopyran-2-ulose) and isolevoglucosenone (1,6-anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-glycero-hex-3-enopyran-4-ulose) are useful templates for the convergent and combinatorial synthesis of (1-->2), (1-->3), and (1-->4)-linked C-disaccharides in reactions combining them with sugar-derived carbaldehydes. Synthetic methods relying on conjugate nucleophilic additions of these enones, their combination with aluminum reagents and aldehydes (Baylis-Hillman reaction) and modified Takai-Hiyama-Nozaki-Kishi couplings of enol triflates derived from them with sugar-derived aldehydes are reviewed. Highly stereoselective methods have thus been developed. These allow the generation of disaccharide mimetics with a high molecular diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loay Awad
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie et de Synthèse Asymétrique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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35
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Lauritsen A, Madsen R. Synthesis of naturally occurring iminosugars from d-fructose by the use of a zinc-mediated fragmentation reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:2898-905. [PMID: 16855738 DOI: 10.1039/b605818c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A short synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (DAB) and a formal synthesis of australine are described. In both cases, D-fructose is employed as the starting material and converted into a protected methyl 6-deoxy-6-iodo-furanoside. Zinc-mediated fragmentation produces an unsaturated ketone which serves as a key building block for both syntheses. Ozonolysis, reductive amination with benzylamine and deprotection affords 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol in only 7 steps and 11% overall yield from D-fructose. Alternatively, reductive amination with homoallylamine, ring-closing metathesis and protecting group manipulations give rise to an intermediate which can be converted into australine in 3 steps. The intermediate is prepared by two different strategies both of which use a total of 9 steps. The first strategy utilizes benzyl ethers for protection of fructose while the second and more effective strategy employs an isopropylidene acetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lauritsen
- Center for Sustainable and Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Building 201, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby
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36
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Kumaresan PR, Lam KS. Screening chemical microarrays: methods and applications. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2006; 2:259-70. [PMID: 16880944 DOI: 10.1039/b602004f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pappanaicken R Kumaresan
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Cancer Center, University of California Davis, 4501 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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37
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Shin I, Park S, Lee MR. Carbohydrate Microarrays: An Advanced Technology for Functional Studies of Glycans. Chemistry 2005; 11:2894-901. [PMID: 15635679 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200401030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The biological significance of glycans in the post-genomic era requires the development of new technologies to enable functional studies of carbohydrates in a high-throughput manner. Recently, carbohydrate microarrays have been exploited as an advanced technology for this purpose. Efficient immobilization methods for carbohydrate probes on the proper surface are essential for the successful fabrication of carbohydrate microarrays. Up to date, several techniques have been developed to attach simple or complex carbohydrates to a solid surface. The developed glycan microarrays have been applied for functional glycomics, drug discovery, and diagnosis. In this concept article, we discuss the progress of immobilization methods of carbohydrates on solid surfaces, their potential uses for biological research and biomedical applications, and possible solutions for some remaining challenges to improve this new technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
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38
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Clark SM, Osborn HM. Synthetic entry to functionalised morpholines and [1,4]-oxazepanes via reductive amination reactions of carbohydrate derived dialdehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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