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Alruwad MI, Salah El Dine R, Gendy AM, Sabry MM, El Hefnawy HM. Exploring the Biological and Phytochemical Potential of Jordan's Flora: A Review and Update of Eight Selected Genera from Mediterranean Region. Molecules 2024; 29:1160. [PMID: 38474670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Jordan's flora is known for its rich diversity, with a grand sum of 2978 plant species that span 142 families and 868 genera across four different zones. Eight genera belonging to four different plant families have been recognized for their potential natural medicinal properties within the Mediterranean region. These genera include Chrysanthemum L., Onopordum Vaill. Ex. L., Phagnalon Cass., and Senecio L. from the Asteraceae family, in addition to Clematis L. and Ranunculus L. from the Ranunculaceae family, Anchusa L. from the Boraginaceae family, and Eryngium L. from the Apiaceae family. The selected genera show a wide variety of secondary metabolites with encouraging pharmacological characteristics including antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-ulcer, and neuroprotective actions. Further research on these genera and their extracts will potentially result in the formulation of novel and potent natural pharmaceuticals. Overall, Jordan's rich flora provides a valuable resource for exploring and discovering new plant-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal I Alruwad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Riham Salah El Dine
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M Gendy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Manal M Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala M El Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Jacaranone Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity from Crepis pulchra and Relevance of This Group of Plant Metabolites. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060782. [PMID: 35336664 PMCID: PMC8955310 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Jacaranones are a small group of specific plant metabolites with promising biological activities. The occurrence of jacaranones is limited to only a few plant families, with Asteraceae being the most abundant source of these compounds. Therefore, jacaranones can also serve as chemotaxonomic markers. Our phytochemical investigation of Crepis pulchra L. (Asteraceae) resulted in three jacaranone derivatives (jacaranone, 2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxyjacaranone, 2,3-dihydro-2-methoxyjacaranone), and (6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol-β-d-glucopyranoside, fulgidic acid, 12,15-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester, scopoletin and apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucoside. This is the first report on the isolation of jacaranones from a species belonging to the Cichorioideae subfamily of Asteraceae. Jacaranone derivatives were subjected to an in vitro antiproliferative assay against a panel of human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and C33A), revealing high or moderate activities, with IC50 values ranging from 6.3 to 26.5 μM.
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Fraga BM, Díaz CE, Amador LJ, Reina M, Santana O, González-Coloma A. Bioactive compounds from transformed root cultures and aerial parts of Bethencourtia hermosae. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 108:220-228. [PMID: 25301666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A chemical study of Bethencourtia hermosae, aerial parts and in vitro root cultures, transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, afforded the hitherto unreported sesquiterpenes ceratopicanol angelate (1), 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one tiglate (4), 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 3'-angeloxy-2'-methylbutanoate (5), 1α,8β-dihydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 8β-angelate (7) and 6α,8β-dihydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 8β-angelate (8). In addition, 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one (6) was isolated for the first time from a natural source, along with the rare sesquiterpenoid senecrassidiol (10) and two jacaranone derivatives 14 and 16. Known pyrrolizidine alkaloids, together with previously unreported hermosine (23), have also been isolated from this plant. The insect antifeedant activities of the extracts and compounds were studied together with their cytotoxic effects against insect (Sf9) and mammalian (CHO) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Fraga
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Carmen E Díaz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Leonardo J Amador
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Matías Reina
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Omar Santana
- Centro de Investigación Agraria de Albaladejito, Cuenca, Spain; Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Albacete, Spain
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Echiburú-Chau C, Alfaro-Lira S, Brown N, Salas CO, Cuellar M, Santander J, Ogalde JP, Rothhammer F. The selective cytotoxicity elicited by phytochemical extract from Senecio graveolens (Asteraceae) on breast cancer cells is enhanced by hypoxia. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1357-64. [PMID: 24535330 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second cause of cancer‑related deaths in woman and the incidence of the disease has increased worldwide, in part due to improvements in early detection. Several drugs with anticancer effects have been extracted from plants in the last 20 years, many of which are particularly effective against breast cancer cells. In particular, we have become interested in the ethanolic extract from Senecio graveolens (synonym of S. nutans), a plant commonly called Chachacoma, in an effort to isolate compounds that could demonstrate cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. Senecio (Asteraceae) is the largest gender in Chile comprising approximatly 200 species. These herbs inhabit areas over 3,500 meters above the sea level in the Andes Mountains. S. graveolens is commonly used by local communities for its medicinal properties, particularly its capacity to ameliorate high-altitude-associated sickness. The cytotoxic effect of the alcoholic extract from S. graveolens, as well as its most abundant compound 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)acetophenone, were tested in the breast cancer cell lines ZR-75-1, MCF-7 and MDA-MB‑231, and non-tumorigenic MCF-10F cells. We show that the phytochemical extract was able to induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells but not in MCF-10F. Importantly, this effect was enhanced under hypoxic conditions. However, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)acetophenone, the main compound, did not by itself show an effective anticarcinogenic activity in comparison to the whole extract. Interestingly, the cytotoxic effect of the phytochemical extract was dependent on the basal MnSOD protein expression. Thus, cytotoxicity was increased when MnSOD levels were low, but resistance was evident when protein levels were high. Additionally, the crude extract seems to trigger cell death by a variety of processes, including autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis, in MCF-7 cells. In summary, S. graveolens extract possess anticancer activity displaying a specific cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, thus serving as a potential source of phytochemical compounds for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Echiburú-Chau
- Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CODECITE-CIHDE), Arica, Chile
| | - Susana Alfaro-Lira
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Nelson Brown
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristian O Salas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Cuellar
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Javier Santander
- Nucleus for Microbiology and Immunity, Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Tidjani S, Okusa PN, Zellagui A, Banuls LMY, Stévigny C, Duez P, Rhouati S. Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Evaluation of Some Biological Activities of Algerian Senecio Delphinifolius (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Senecio species are known as sources of potentially toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), some species of this genus are traditionally used as remedies, notably in Algeria. In this paper, the evaluation of biological activities and the analysis of PAs of Algerian specimens of Senecio delphinifolius Vahl are reported. The n-butanolic extract of the herb showed a weak antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli with a MIC of 1 mg/mL, but was inactive against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The n-butanolic extracts of the roots, stems and herb showed a modest antioxidant activity, scavenging the free radical DPPH with respective IC50 values of 55.3, 50.2 and 13.3 μg/mL. A cytotoxic effect against a series of human tumor cell lines was observed with the n-butanolic extract from stems (IC50 ranging between 34 and 88 μg/mL). The herb of the evaluated sample contains 140 ppm of PAs (senecionine, seneciphylline, integerrimine, senkirkine) and PA-related alkaloids (dehydrosenkirkine and neosenkirkine). As the major PAs belong to the toxic series (1,2-unsaturation in the pyrrolizidine cycle and macrocyclic diester), the use of S. delphinifolius should be discouraged in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Tidjani
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mentouri–Constantine, Algeria
| | - Philippe N. Okusa
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amar Zellagui
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mentouri–Constantine, Algeria
| | - Laetitia Moreno Y Banuls
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salah Rhouati
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mentouri–Constantine, Algeria
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Massaoka MH, Matsuo AL, Figueiredo CR, Farias CF, Girola N, Arruda DC, Scutti JAB, Romoff P, Favero OA, Ferreira MJP, Lago JHG, Travassos LR. Jacaranone induces apoptosis in melanoma cells via ROS-mediated downregulation of Akt and p38 MAPK activation and displays antitumor activity in vivo. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38698. [PMID: 22701695 PMCID: PMC3368838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma is a deadly type of metastatic skin cancer with increased incidence over the past 30 years. Despite the advanced knowledge on the biology, immunobiology and molecular genetics of melanoma, the alternatives of treatment are limited with poor prognosis. On clinical trials, natural products and among them redox-active quinones have been tested in the attempt to control the growth of cancer cells. Recently, we isolated jacaranone from Pentacalia desiderabilis, a benzoquinone derivative that showed a broad antitumor activity and protective anti-melanoma effect in a syngeneic model. The purified substance is active at micromolar concentrations, is not hemolytic, and is not toxic in naïve mice. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The jacaranone antitumor activity was shown against several human cancer cell lines in vitro. Moreover, the induction of apoptosis in murine melanoma cells and jacaranone antitumor activity in vivo, in a melanoma experimental model, were also shown. Jacaranone renders antiproliferative and proapoptotic responses in tumor cells, by acting on Akt and p38 MAPK signaling pathways through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The free radical scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) was able to completely suppress cell death induced by jacaranone as it blocked Akt downregulation, p38 MAPK activation as well as upregulation of proapoptotic Bax. Notably, treatment of melanoma growing subcutaneously in mice with jacaranone significantly extended the mean survival times in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The results provide evidence for the mechanisms of action of jacaranone and emphasize the potential use of this quinone for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana H. Massaoka
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alisson L. Matsuo
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Figueiredo
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camyla F. Farias
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Girola
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise C. Arruda
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge A. B. Scutti
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulete Romoff
- Centro de Ciências e Humanidades e Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oriana A. Favero
- Centro de Ciências e Humanidades e Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo J. P. Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências e Humanidades e Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João H. G. Lago
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R. Travassos
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Bonesi M, Colica C, Menichini F. In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Extracts and Isolated Constituents of Salvia leriifoliaBenth. against a Panel of Human Cancer Cell Lines. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:1152-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Menichini F, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Conforti F, De Luca D, Statti GA, de Cindio B, Menichini F, Tundis R. Phytochemical profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts from Citrus medica L. cv Diamante flowers, leaves and fruits at two maturity stages. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1549-55. [PMID: 21457747 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Since the past decade consumption of certain foods has been reported to have a positive effect on health. The object of the study was to determine for the first time the chemical composition and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic potential of Citrus medica L. cv Diamante flowers, leaves and fruits (endocarp and mesocarp) at two maturity stages. Flowers and leaves were characterized by the highest total phenols and flavonoids content. A declining trend was observed during maturity of fruits for both phenols and flavonoids. The antioxidant activity evaluated by the β-carotene bleaching test showed a strong activity for flowers and endocarp of mature fruits with IC50 values of 2.8 μg/mL and 3.5 μg/mL, respectively, after 30 min of incubation. Interestingly, the mature fruits endocarp (IC50 value of 426.0 μg/mL) could inhibit α-amylase with an IC50 value 2-fold higher than immature fruits. None of the tested extracts affected the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts 142BR. The obtained results suggest a potential use of C. medica L. cv Diamante as new valuable Citrus species with functional properties for food or nutraceutical product on the basis of high content of phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Menichini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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Zhang JJ, Wang YL, Feng XB, Song XD, Liu WB. Rosmarinic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:343-8. [PMID: 21372382 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), activated during liver injury, are defined as the most important target in the therapy of hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of Rosmarinic acid (RosA) on the proliferation and apoptosis in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC-T6), which is useful to decrease this cell population. The proliferation of HSC-T6 was significantly inhibited after treated with various concentrations of RosA for different times. Flow cytometric analyses and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations revealed that HSC-T6 treated with RosA underwent apoptosis in a time dependent manner and displayed typical apoptotic features in the cells. The phosphorylation in signal transducer and activator of transcription protein-3 (STAT3), which regulates cell survival, proliferation and differentiation in a variety of tissues, was markedly decreased as the result of Western blot assay and correlated with downregulation of CyclinD1 and B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2). In conclusion, these results suggested that RosA was able to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in HSC-T6, partly due to the inhibition of phosphorylation in STAT3, which contributed to the reversal of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Zhang
- Medicine Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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Menichini F, Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Provenzano E, de Cindio B, Menichini F. In vitro photo-induced cytotoxic activity of Citrus bergamia and C. medica L. cv. Diamante peel essential oils and identified active coumarins. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:1059-65. [PMID: 20690896 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903486636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The search for innovative therapeutic approaches is gaining more interest in clinical oncology. OBJECTIVE In the present investigation we reported the chemical profile and the photo-induced cytotoxic activity of two endemic Calabrian Citrus species (Rutaceae): Citrus bergamia Risso & Poit. and Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante. MATERIALS AND METHODS Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In order to evaluate the cytotoxic activity two melanoma models, such as amelanotic melanoma C32 and malignant melanoma A375, were used. RESULTS The essential oil of C. bergamia was characterized by limonene, linalyl acetate, gamma-terpinene, linalool and beta-pinene as major components. The most abundant compounds of C. medica cv. Diamante oil were limonene, gamma-terpinene, citral, geranial, beta-pinene and alpha-pinene. Two coumarins, bergapten and citropten, were also identified in C. bergamia and C. medica cv. Diamante, respectively and tested for biological activity. Both C. bergamia and C. medica cv. Diamante oils exhibited a selective interesting activity against the A375 cell line with IC(50) values of 79.3 and 89.1 microg/mL, respectively, after 100 min exposure to UV irradiation. The strong antiproliferative activity demonstrated with bergapten (IC(50) value of 71.3 microg/mL after 20 min of irradiation) was not found with citropten. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our study suggested that UV irradiation is effective in activating essential oils and in particular bergapten. This phototoxicity may be considered as a treatment option in some cases of lentigo maligna or lentigo maligna melanoma.
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MESH Headings
- 5-Methoxypsoralen
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/radiation effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/radiation effects
- Citrus/chemistry
- Coumarins/analysis
- Coumarins/chemistry
- Coumarins/pharmacology
- Coumarins/radiation effects
- Drug Discovery
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Melanoma/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Amelanotic/drug therapy
- Methoxsalen/analogs & derivatives
- Methoxsalen/analysis
- Methoxsalen/chemistry
- Methoxsalen/pharmacology
- Methoxsalen/radiation effects
- Oils, Volatile/chemistry
- Oils, Volatile/pharmacology
- Oils, Volatile/radiation effects
- Photochemotherapy
- Phytotherapy
- Time Factors
- Ultraviolet Rays
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Menichini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, Dodaro D, Passalacqua NG, Statti G, Menichini F. In vitrocytotoxic effects ofSenecio stabianusLacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2009; 23:1707-18. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410802194151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Loizzo MR, Said A, Tundis R, Hawas UW, Rashed K, Menichini F, Frega NG, Menichini F. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of Diospyros lotus L. extract and isolated compounds. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2009; 64:264-70. [PMID: 19731038 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-009-0133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The object of the study was to determine the chemical composition of Diospyros lotus L. extract and their antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. Eight compounds were isolated from D. lotus and identified as gallic acid, methylgallate, ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin,myricetin, myricetin 3-O-beta-glucuronide, and myricetin-3-O-alpha-rhamnoside. D. lotus extract tested in different in vitro systems (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Fe2+ chelating activity assay) showed significant antioxidant activity. The potential antiproliferative properties of D. lotus extract and isolated compounds against nine human cancer cell lines such as COR-L23, CaCo-2, C32, ACHN, A375, A549, Huh-7D12, MCF-7, and LNCaP were investigated in vitro by SRB assay. D. lotus extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity against COR-L23 with an IC50 value of 12.2 microg/ml. Among identified hydrolysable tannins, ellagic acid evidenced strong antiproliferative activity against both C32 and A375 cells with IC50 values of 0.8 and 4.1 microg/ml, respectively. Interesting results were observed, also, with gallic acid that showed the highest cytotoxic activity against CaCo-2 (IC(50) 2.6 microg/ml). Overall, the results of this study suggest that D. lotus displays a good antioxidant activity and has antiproliferative effects. Both activities are related to identified phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
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Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Menichini F, Saab AM, Statti GA, Menichini F. Antiproliferative effects of essential oils and their major constituents in human renal adenocarcinoma and amelanotic melanoma cells. Cell Prolif 2008; 41:1002-1012. [PMID: 19040575 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate cytotoxic activity of Platycladus orientalis, Prangos asperula and Cupressus sempervirens ssp. pyramidalis essential oils and to identify active components involved in inhibition of population growth of human cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Antiproliferative activity was tested on amelanotic melanoma C32 cells and on renal cell adenocarcinoma cells, using the sulphorhodamine B assay. RESULTS Cupressus sempervirens ssp. pyramidalis leaf oil exerted the highest cytotoxic activity with an IC(50)value of 104.90 microg/mL against C32, followed by activity of P. orientalis and P. asperula on the renal adenocarcinoma cell line (IC(50) of 121.93 and 139.17 microg/mL, respectively). P. orientalis essential oil was also active against amelanotic melanoma with an IC(50) of 330.04 microg/mL. Three identified terpenes, linalool, beta-caryophyllene and alpha-cedrol, were found to be active on both cell lines tested. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insights into the field of cytotoxic properties of essential oils. This study provided evidence on how cytotoxic activity of the oils is not always related to their major constituents, except for lower activity found in both cell lines for alpha-cedrol. Interestingly, beta-caryophyllene and linalool exhibited comparable IC(50) values to the commercial drug vinblastine on the ACHN cell line. This opens a new field of investigation to discover mechanisms responsible for the observed activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R Tundis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - F Menichini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A M Saab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - G A Statti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - F Menichini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, andChemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon
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14
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Bonesi M, Tundis R, Deguin B, Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Tillequin F, Menichini F. In vitro biological evaluation of novel 7-O-dialkylaminoalkyl cytotoxic pectolinarigenin derivatives against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5431-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Statti GA, Menichini F. Jacaranone: A cytotoxic constituent fromsenecio ambiguus subsp.ambiguus (Biv.) DC. Against renal adenocarcinoma achn and prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:701-7. [PMID: 17679547 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Senecio ambiguus subsp. ambiguus (Biv.) DC. extracts were able to inhibit the in vitro proliferation of renal cell adenocarcinoma ACHN and hormone dependent prostate carcinoma LNCaP. The potential cytotoxic property of the plant was revealed by the methanolic extract action against LNCaP (IC50 of 5.51 microg/mL) and ACHN (IC50 of 38.95 microg/mL). The most potent cytotoxic activity (IC50 of 5.34 microg/mL against the prostate carcinoma cell line) was exerted by the dichloromethane extract. Through bioassay-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract jacaranone was isolated as the major active constituent. This quinoid showed a very strong activity against ACHN and LNcaP with IC50 of 4.32 and 7.39 microg/mL, respectively. Its structure was established by GC/MS and NMR analysis. The n-hexane extract showed an interesting inhibition on the proliferation of tumor cell lines an IC50 value of 5.23 microg/mL against LNCaP. Three compounds identified in the n-hexane extract such as nerolidol, a-humulene and g-tocopherol were found to be active aginst LNCAP with IC50 values ranged from 11.24 to 15.56 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, 1-87036 Arcavata di Rende, CS, Italy.
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16
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Statti GA, Houghton PJ, Miljkovic-Brake A, Menichini F. In vitrohypoglycemic and antimicrobial activities ofSenecio leucanthemifoliusPoiret. Nat Prod Res 2007; 21:396-400. [PMID: 17487609 DOI: 10.1080/14786410500520111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the alpha-amylase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of Senecio leucanthemifolius Poiret. Extracts of S. leucanthemifolius were tested for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities against seven different pathogenic microorganisms using the microdilution technique. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited a strong antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 31.25 microg mL(-1), while the n-hexane extract showed a significant activity against dermatophytic fungi. S. leucanthemifolius extracts were tested also for their potential hypoglycemic activity through the in vitro inhibition of alpha-amylase. The dichloromethane extract inhibited alpha-amylase with a value of 56.6% at 0.05 mg mL(-1) and the n-butanol extract showed a value of 89.2% at 1 mg mL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tundis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy.
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