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Torres AM, Ojeda GA, Angelina E, Bustillo S, Peruchena N, Tonidandel L, Larcher R, Nardin T, Dellacassa E. The anti-snake activity of Nectandra angustifolia flavonoids on phospholipase A2: In vitro and in silico evaluation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115889. [PMID: 36334817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lauraceae family includes Nectandra angustifolia a species widely used in the folk medicine of South America against various maladies. It is commonly used to treat different types of processes like inflammation, pain, and snakebites. Snakes of the Bothrops genus are responsible for about 97% of the ophidic accidents in northeastern Argentina. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-snake activity of the phytochemicals present in N. angustifolia extracts, identify the compounds, and evaluate their inhibitory effect on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with in vitro and in silico assays. METHODS Seasonal variations in the alexiteric potential of aqueous, ethanolic and hexanic extracts were evaluated by inhibition of coagulant, haemolytic, and cytotoxic effects of B. diporus venom. The chemical identity of an enriched fraction obtained by bio-guided fractioning was established by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the binding mechanisms of the identified compounds to PLA2 enzyme from snake venom. RESULTS All the extracts inhibited venom coagulant activity. However, spring ethanolic extract achieved 100% inhibition of haemolytic activity. Bio-guide fractioning led to an enriched fraction (F4) with the highest haemolytic inhibition. Five flavonoids were identified in this fraction; molecular docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations indicated the binding mechanisms of the identified compounds. The carbohydrates present in some of the compounds had a critical effect on the interaction with PLA2. CONCLUSION This study shows, for the first time, which compounds are responsible for the anti-snake activity in Nectandra angustifolia based on in vitro and in silico assays. The results obtained in this work support the traditional use of this species as anti-snake in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina; Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del NEA - (IQUIBA-NEA-CONICET), Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Adrián Ojeda
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina; Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del NEA - (IQUIBA-NEA-CONICET), Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina.
| | - Emilio Angelina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina; Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del NEA - (IQUIBA-NEA-CONICET), Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Soledad Bustillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina; Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del NEA - (IQUIBA-NEA-CONICET), Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Nélida Peruchena
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina; Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del NEA - (IQUIBA-NEA-CONICET), Av. Libertad 5470, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Loris Tonidandel
- Centro Trasferimento Tecnologico, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige, Via E. Mach 1, 38010-S, Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Roberto Larcher
- Centro Trasferimento Tecnologico, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige, Via E. Mach 1, 38010-S, Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Tiziana Nardin
- Centro Trasferimento Tecnologico, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige, Via E. Mach 1, 38010-S, Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Eduardo Dellacassa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av General Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Fontana G, Bruno M, Sottile F, Badalamenti N. The Chemistry and the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Polymethoxyflavonoids from Citrus Genus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010023. [PMID: 36670885 PMCID: PMC9855034 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxyflavonoids (PMFs) are a large group of compounds belonging to the more general class of flavonoids that possess a flavan carbon framework decorated with a variable number of methoxy groups. Hydroxylated polymethoxyflavonoids (HPMFs), instead, are characterized by the presence of both hydroxyl and methoxy groups in their structural unities. Some of these compounds are the aglycone part in a glycoside structure in which the glycosidic linkage can involve the -OH at various positions. These compounds are particular to Citrus genus plants, especially in fruits, and they are present mainly in the peel. A considerable number of PMFs and HPMFs have shown promising biological activities and they are considered to be important nutraceuticals, responsible for some of the known beneficial effects on health associated with a regular consumption of Citrus fruits. Among their several actions on human health, it is notable that the relevant contribution in controlling the intracellular redox imbalance is associated with the inflammation processes. In this work, we aim to describe the status concerning the chemical identification and the anti-inflammatory activity of both PMFs and HPMFs. In particular, all of the chemical entities unambiguously identified by isolation and complete NMR analysis, and for which a biochemical evaluation on the pure compound was performed, are included in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Fontana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Centro di Conservazione della Biodiversità di Interesse Agrario, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 14, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Fahimeh Jalali, Hassanvand Z, Barati A. Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Nanocomposite of Carbon Dots, Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Chitosan for Mesalazine Determination. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ahn-Jarvis JH, Parihar A, Doseff AI. Dietary Flavonoids for Immunoregulation and Cancer: Food Design for Targeting Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E202. [PMID: 31261915 PMCID: PMC6680729 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, one of the most abundant phytochemicals in a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, have been recognized as possessing anti-proliferative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and estrogenic activities. Numerous cellular and animal-based studies show that flavonoids can function as antioxidants by preventing DNA damage and scavenging reactive oxygen radicals, inhibiting formation of DNA adducts, enhancing DNA repair, interfering with chemical damage by induction of Phase II enzymes, and modifying signaling pathways. Recent evidence also shows their ability to regulate the immune system. However, findings from clinical trials have been mixed with no clear consensus on dose, frequency, or type of flavonoids best suited to elicit many of the beneficial effects. Delivery of these bioactive compounds to their biological targets through "targeted designed" food processing strategies is critical to reach effective concentration in vivo. Thus, the identification of novel approaches that optimize flavonoid bioavailability is essential for their successful clinical application. In this review, we discuss the relevance of increasing flavonoid bioavailability, by agricultural engineering and "targeted food design" in the context of the immune system and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arti Parihar
- Department of Science, Bellingham Technical College, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Andrea I Doseff
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Michigan State University, MI, 48864, USA.
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Abstract
Flavonoids are tricyclic polyphenolic compounds naturally occurring in plants. Being nature’s antioxidants flavonoids have been shown to reduce the damages induced by oxidative stress in cells. Besides being an antioxidant, flavonols are demonstrated to have anti-infective properties, i.e., antiviral, antifungal, anti-angiogenic, anti-tumorigenic, and immunomodulatory bioproperties. Plants use them as one of their defense mechanisms against radiation-induced DNA damage and also for fungal infections. The use of flavonols for fabrication of new drugs has been underway with objectives to develop safer and effective therapeutic agents. This review covers 15 flavonols for their structure, biological properties, role in plant metabolisms, and current research focused on computational drug design using flavonols for searching drug leads.
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Sugiura Y, Usui M, Katsuzaki H, Imai K, Kakinuma M, Amano H, Miyata M. Orally Administered Phlorotannins from Eisenia arborea Suppress Chemical Mediator Release and Cyclooxygenase-2 Signaling to Alleviate Mouse Ear Swelling. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E267. [PMID: 30072652 PMCID: PMC6117712 DOI: 10.3390/md16080267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phlorotannin is the collective term for polyphenols derived from brown algae belonging to the genera Ascopyllum, Ecklonia, Eisenia, Fucus and Sargassum etc. Since the incidence of allergies is currently increasing in the world, there is a focus on phlorotannins having anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, six purified phlorotannins (eckol; 6,6'-bieckol; 6,8'-bieckol; 8,8'-bieckol; phlorofucofuroeckol (PFF)-A and PFF-B) from Eisenia arborea, orally administered to mice, were examined for their suppression effects on ear swelling. In considering the suppression, we also examined whether the phlorotannins suppressed release of chemical mediators (histamine, leukotriene B₄ and prostaglandin E₂), and mRNA expression and/or the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), using RBL-2H3 cells, a cultured mast cell model. Results showed that the phlorotnannins exhibited suppression effects in all experiments, with 6,8'-bieckol, 8,8'-bieckol and PFF-A showing the strongest of these effects. In conclusion, orally administered phlorotannins suppress mouse ear swelling, and this mechanism apparently involves suppression of chemical mediator release and COX-2 mRNA expression or activity. This is the first report of the anti-allergic effects of the orally administered purified phlorotannins in vivo. Phlorotannins show potential for use in functional foods or drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Sugiura
- Laboratory of Food Function and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki 759-6595, Japan.
| | - Masakatsu Usui
- Laboratory of Food Function and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki 759-6595, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Katsuzaki
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Kunio Imai
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kakinuma
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Hideomi Amano
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Miyata
- Laboratory of Food Function and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki 759-6595, Japan.
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Sugiura Y, Kinoshita Y, Usui M, Tanaka R, Matsushita T, Miyata M. The Suppressive Effect of a Marine Carotenoid, Fucoxanthin, on Mouse Ear Swelling through Regulation of Activities and mRNA Expression of Inflammation-associated Enzymes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.22.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Sugiura
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
| | - Yuichi Kinoshita
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
| | - Masakatsu Usui
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
| | - Ryusuke Tanaka
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
| | - Teruo Matsushita
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
| | - Masaaki Miyata
- The Laboratory of Food Function and Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University
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Okuyama S, Miyoshi K, Tsumura Y, Amakura Y, Yoshimura M, Yoshida T, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone, a citrus polymethoxylated flavone, attenuates inflammation in the mouse hippocampus. Brain Sci 2015; 5:118-29. [PMID: 25884208 PMCID: PMC4493459 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci5020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have recently been shown to suppress inflammation in peripheral tissues. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), one of the PMFs, on inflammation in the brain in vivo using mice injected intrahippocampally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We demonstrated that subcutaneously injected HMF suppressed: (1) LPS-induced losses in body weight; (2) LPS-induced microglial activation in the hippocampus; and (3) LPS-induced interleukin-1β mRNA expression in the hippocampus. These results suggest that HMF has the ability to reduce neuroinflammation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Miyoshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Tsumura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
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Citrus flavonoid improves MK-801-induced locomotive hyperactivity: Possible relevance to schizophrenia. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Lansiumamide B and SB-204900 isolated from Clausena lansium inhibit histamine and TNF-α release from RBL-2H3 cells. Inflamm Res 2013; 62:333-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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