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Liu J, Jiang Y, Liu R, Jin J, Wei S, Ji W, He X, Wu F, Yu P, Mao L. Vitamin C Drives Reentrant Actin Phase Transition: Biphasic Exocytosis Regulation Revealed by Single-Vesicle Electrochemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17747-17756. [PMID: 38889317 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Unveiling molecular mechanisms that dominate protein phase dynamics has been a pressing need for deciphering the intricate intracellular modulation machinery. While ions and biomacromolecules have been widely recognized for modulating protein phase separations, effects of small molecules that essentially constitute the cytosolic chemical atmosphere on the protein phase behaviors are rarely understood. Herein, we report that vitamin C (VC), a key small molecule for maintaining a reductive intracellular atmosphere, drives reentrant phase transitions of myosin II/F-actin (actomyosin) cytoskeletons. The actomyosin bundle condensates dissemble in the low-VC regime and assemble in the high-VC regime in vitro or inside neuronal cells, through a concurrent myosin II protein aggregation-dissociation process with monotonic VC concentration increase. Based on this finding, we employ in situ single-cell and single-vesicle electrochemistry to demonstrate the quantitative modulation of catecholamine transmitter vesicle exocytosis by intracellular VC atmosphere, i.e., exocytotic release amount increases in the low-VC regime and decreases in the high-VC regime. Furthermore, we show how VC regulates cytomembrane-vesicle fusion pore dynamics through counteractive or synergistic effects of actomyosin phase transitions and the intracellular free calcium level on membrane tensions. Our work uncovers the small molecule-based reversive protein phase regulatory mechanism, paving a new way to chemical neuromodulation and therapeutic repertoire expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ran Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Shiyi Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiulan He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fei Wu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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2
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Zeng CR, Gao JW, Wu MX, You S, Chen ZT, Gao QY, Cai ZX, Liu PM, Cai YW, Liang XT, Cai JW, Liao GH, Chen N, Huang ZG, Wang JF, Zhang HF, Chen YX. Dietary vitamin C and vitamin E with the risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection: A prospective population-based cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1407-1415. [PMID: 38664127 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The associations between dietary vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) intake and aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) remain unclear. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the associations between dietary VC and VE with the incident risk of AAD. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 139 477 participants of UK Biobank cohort were included in the analysis. Dietary VC and VE consumptions were acquired through a 24-h recall questionnaire. Cox proportional regression models were used to examine the associations between VC, VE intake and the risk of AAD. Incident AAD was ascertained through hospital inpatient records and death registers. During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 962 incident AAD events were documented. Both dietary VC [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.77; 95 % confidence intervals (CI), 0.63-0.93; P-trend = 0.008] and VE (adjusted HR, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.57-0.87; P-trend = 0.002) were inversely associated with incident AAD when comparing the participants in the highest quartile with those in the lowest. In subgroup analyses, the associations were more pronounced in participants who were over 60 years old, participants with smoking history, hypertension or hyperlipidemia, who were under the high risk of AAD. CONCLUSION Higher dietary VC and VE intakes are associated with reduced risk of AAD. Our study emphasizes the importance of diet adjustment strategies targeted on VC and VE to lower the incidence rate of AAD especially in the high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Rui Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si You
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Xi Cai
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Wei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Wen Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hong Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Gui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Ozon EA, Musuc AM, Iuga IDM, Manolescu BN, Petrescu S, Pandele Cusu J, Rusu A, Surdu VA, Oprea E, Lupuliasa D, Popescu IA. Comprehensive Analysis of Novel Synergistic Antioxidant Formulations: Insights into Pharmacotechnical, Physical, Chemical, and Antioxidant Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:690. [PMID: 38931357 PMCID: PMC11206646 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes, highlighting the pressing need for effective antioxidant interventions. (2) Methods: In this study, we aimed to develop and characterise two novel antioxidant formulations, F3 and F4, as therapeutic interventions for oxidative stress-related conditions. (3) Results: The physicochemical characterisation, preformulation analysis, formulation, preparation of filling powders for capsules, capsule content evaluation, and antioxidant activity assessment of the two novel antioxidant formulations were assessed. These formulations comprise a combination of well-established antioxidants like quercetin, biotin, coenzyme Q10, and resveratrol. Through comprehensive testing, the formulations' antioxidant efficacy, stability, and potential synergistic interactions were evaluated. (4) Conclusions: The findings underscore the promising potential of these formulations as therapeutic interventions for oxidative stress-related disorders and highlight the significance of antioxidant interventions in mitigating their progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.N.); (D.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (I.D.M.I.)
| | - Emma Adriana Ozon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.N.); (D.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.P.); (J.P.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Izabela Dana Maria Iuga
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (I.D.M.I.)
| | - Bogdan Nicolae Manolescu
- “C. Nenitescu” Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Science of Materials, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Simona Petrescu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.P.); (J.P.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Jeanina Pandele Cusu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.P.); (J.P.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Adriana Rusu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.P.); (J.P.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Vasile-Adrian Surdu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1–3 Portocalilor Way, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.N.); (D.L.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Ioana Andreea Popescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.N.); (D.L.); (I.A.P.)
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4
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Cannas C, Lostia G, Serra PA, Peana AT, Migheli R. Food and Food Waste Antioxidants: Could They Be a Potent Defence against Parkinson's Disease? Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:645. [PMID: 38929084 PMCID: PMC11200518 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidants, plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's. The human brain is vulnerable to oxidative stress because of the high rate of oxygen that it needs and the high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are substrates of lipid peroxidation. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidation and reduce oxidative stress, preventing cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, in the literature, it is reported that antioxidants, due to their possible neuroprotective activity, may offer an interesting option for better symptom management, even Parkinson's disease (PD). Natural antioxidants are usually found in several foods, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, and oil, and in food wastes, such as seeds, peels, leaves, and skin. They can help the system of endogenous antioxidants, protect or repair cellular components from oxidative stress, and even halt lipid, protein, and DNA damage to neurons. This review will examine the extent of knowledge from the last ten years, about the neuroprotective potential effect of natural antioxidants present in food and food by-products, in in vivo and in vitro PD models. Additionally, this study will demonstrate that the pool of dietary antioxidants may be an important tool in the prevention of PD and an opportunity for cost savings in the public health area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rossana Migheli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy (A.T.P.)
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5
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Bird JK, Feskens EJM, Melse-Boonstra A. A Systematized Review of the Relationship Between Obesity and Vitamin C Requirements. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102152. [PMID: 38666038 PMCID: PMC11039309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates have increased globally in recent decades. Body weight is used as a modifiable factor in determining vitamin requirements. Accordingly, vitamin C requirements are volumetrically scaled from data for healthy weight males to other age- and sex-based categories. Likewise, it is possible that increases in body weight due to obesity may affect vitamin C needs. A systematized literature review was performed to summarize evidence on whether obesity affects vitamin C intake or status. The literature was also scanned for potential mechanisms for the relationship. Many observational studies showed that vitamin C status is lower in overweight and obese children and adults; this may be explained by lower vitamin C intakes. Nevertheless, a reanalysis of carefully conducted intervention studies has demonstrated a lower vitamin C status in participants who were overweight or obese when given the same dose of vitamin C as subjects of normal weight. Several mechanisms have been proposed to potentially explain why vitamin C status is lower in people with obesity: changes in vitamin C partitioning between lean and adipose tissue, volumetric dilution, metabolic alterations due to obesity, and gut microbial dysbiosis. Depletion-repletion or pharmacokinetic studies that include individuals of diverse body weights and ages would be helpful to further investigate whether obesity increases requirements for vitamin C. The current evidence base supports a lower vitamin C status in people who are overweight or obese; however, the association may be attenuated by lower vitamin C intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Bird
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edith JM Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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6
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Sakowski SA, Koubek EJ, Chen KS, Goutman SA, Feldman EL. Role of the Exposome in Neurodegenerative Disease: Recent Insights and Future Directions. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:635-652. [PMID: 38411261 PMCID: PMC11023772 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are increasing in prevalence and place a significant burden on society. The causes are multifactorial and complex, and increasing evidence suggests a dynamic interplay between genes and the environment, emphasizing the importance of identifying and understanding the role of lifelong exposures, known as the exposome, on the nervous system. This review provides an overview of recent advances toward defining neurodegenerative disease exposomes, focusing on Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. We present the current state of the field based on emerging data, elaborate on key themes and potential mechanisms, and conclude with limitations and future directions. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:635-652.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A. Sakowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily J. Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kevin S. Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen A. Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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7
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Niu F, Xie W, Zhang W, Kawuki J, Yu X. Vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:329-341. [PMID: 36961747 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2192561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between the intake of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene, and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane library, CNKI, and WanFang databases were searched from inception to 29 August 2022 for observational studies reporting the odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD by Vitamin C/Vitamin E/β-carotene intake. Random-effects models, publication bias assessment, subgroup, sensitivity and dose-response analyses were performed, using.Stata version 12.0. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included. There was no significant association between high-dose vitamin C intake and the risk of PD compared with low-dose vitamin C intake (RR = 0.98, 95%CI:0.89,1.08). Compared with low-dose intake, high-dose intake of vitamin E can prevent the risk of PD (RR = 0.87, 95%CI:0.77,0.99). Compared with lower β-carotene intake, there was a borderline non-significant correlation between higher intake and PD risk (RR = 0.91, 95%CI:0.82,1.01), and high dose β-carotene intake was found to be associated with a lower risk of PD in women (RR = 0.78, 95%CI:0.64,0.96). CONCLUSION This study shows that vitamin E intake can reduce the risk of PD and play a preventive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Xie
- Department of Quality Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph Kawuki
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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8
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Can B, Sanlier N. Alzheimer, Parkinson, dementia, and phytochemicals: insight review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38189347 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2299340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia are the leading neurodegenerative diseases that threaten the world with the aging population. Although the pathophysiology of each disease is unique, the steps to be taken to prevent diseases are similar. One of the changes that a person can make alone is to gain the habit of an antioxidant-rich diet. Phytochemicals known for their antioxidant properties have been reported to prevent neurodegenerative diseases in various studies. Phytochemicals with similar chemical structures are grouped. Accordingly, there are two main groups of phytochemicals, flavonoid and non-flavonoid. Various in vitro and in vivo studies on phytochemicals have proven neuroprotective effects by increasing cognitive function with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies on phytochemicals with neuroprotective effects and to provide insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Can
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sanlier
- School of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Halliwell B. Understanding mechanisms of antioxidant action in health and disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:13-33. [PMID: 37714962 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Several different reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in vivo. They have roles in the development of certain human diseases whilst also performing physiological functions. ROS are counterbalanced by an antioxidant defence network, which functions to modulate ROS levels to allow their physiological roles whilst minimizing the oxidative damage they cause that can contribute to disease development. This Review describes the mechanisms of action of antioxidants synthesized in vivo, antioxidants derived from the human diet and synthetic antioxidants developed as therapeutic agents, with a focus on the gaps in our current knowledge and the approaches needed to close them. The Review also explores the reasons behind the successes and failures of antioxidants in treating or preventing human disease. Antioxidants may have special roles in the gastrointestinal tract, and many lifestyle features known to promote health (especially diet, exercise and the control of blood glucose and cholesterol levels) may be acting, at least in part, by antioxidant mechanisms. Certain reactive sulfur species may be important antioxidants but more accurate determinations of their concentrations in vivo are needed to help assess their contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Halliwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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10
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González-May CA, Barradas-Castillo MDR, Perera-Rios JH, Gallegos-Tintoré S, Pérez-Izquierdo O, Aranda-González II. Dietary flavonoids may have a protective and therapeutic effect in Parkinson disease: A systematic review. Nutr Res 2024; 121:39-50. [PMID: 38039600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons because of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Polyphenols in vegetables, known for their high antioxidant capacity, may prevent the onset, or delay the progression of the disease; among these, flavonoids are the most abundant class of polyphenols in foods. Clinical and cohort studies have evaluated the effect of polyphenol consumption on the risk of developing PD or of attenuating the symptoms after diagnosis; therefore, it is necessary to integrate the scientific evidence into making dietary recommendations. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that have investigated the use of polyphenols in PD. The studies were identified through the PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Web of Science databases. A total of 1100 studies were found; these were analyzed and filtered by 2 independent reviewers. After completion, 5 studies were included (3 randomized controlled trials and 2 cohort studies). The consumption of flavonoids, anthocyanins, or 2-5 servings/week of specific foods (apples, red wine, blueberries, and strawberries) reduces the risk of PD and associated mortality. Treatment with licorice, curcumin, or cocoa, which are rich in flavonoids and other polyphenols, improves motor function in PD patients. No statistically significant differences were found in quality of life, disease progression or nonmotor symptoms such as cognitive ability and mood. Although cohort studies suggest a neuroprotective effect, further clinical studies are urgently needed to evaluate the effect of specific flavonoids and other polyphenols in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Santiago Gallegos-Tintoré
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Colonia Chuburná Hidalgo Inn, 97203, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Odette Pérez-Izquierdo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Centro, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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11
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Liu L, Shen Q, Bao Y, Xu F, Zhang D, Huang H, Tu L, Xu Y. Association between dietary intake and risk of Parkinson's disease: cross-sectional analysis of survey data from NHANES 2007-2016. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1278128. [PMID: 38192644 PMCID: PMC10773772 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1278128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While dietary factors have shown an association with Parkinson's disease (PD), the available data remains a subject of ongoing debate and controversy. Aim We sought to evaluate potential relationships between dietary consumption of nutrients and micronutrients and risk of PD in a large sample. Methods Cross-sectional data were retrospectively analyzed for 10,651 adults aged 40-80 years that had been collected in the US between 2007 and 2016 as a component of the nationwide National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Aspects of dietary intake were compared between those who reported having specific PD medication regimens or not when they completed the survey, and potential associations between diet and risk of PD were explored using binomial logistic regression. We employed Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to minimize the impact of potential confounding factors, thus enhancing the reliability of the results. Additionally, subgroup analysis based on gender and age was conducted to investigate these relationships. Results Higher dietary intake of iron was linked to greater PD risk [odds ratio (OR) 1.065, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.019-1.114, p = 0.006], whereas risk decreased with higher intake of vitamin K (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.998-1.000, p = 0.024) or vitamin C (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.996-0.999, p = 0.039). Even after applying PSM, the connection between dietary iron intake and dietary vitamin C intake with PD risk remained substantial. Subgroup analysis results revealed a significant positive association between dietary intake of iron from food and the PD risk, which was evident among individuals under 60 years of age and among males. Conclusion The intake of micronutrients can influence risk of PD, which should be verified and explored further in prospective samples with other dietary habits and ethnic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanming Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Korczowska-Łącka I, Słowikowski B, Piekut T, Hurła M, Banaszek N, Szymanowicz O, Jagodziński PP, Kozubski W, Permoda-Pachuta A, Dorszewska J. Disorders of Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1811. [PMID: 37891890 PMCID: PMC10604347 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In diseases of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and even epilepsy and migraine, oxidative stress load commonly surpasses endogenous antioxidative capacity. While oxidative processes have been robustly implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the significance of particular antioxidants, both endogenous and especially exogenous, in maintaining redox homeostasis requires further research. Among endogenous antioxidants, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase are central to disabling free radicals, thereby preventing oxidative damage to cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Whether supplementation with endogenously occurring antioxidant compounds such as melatonin and glutathione carries any benefit, however, remains equivocal. Similarly, while the health benefits of certain exogenous antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenoids, polyphenols, sulforaphanes, and anthocyanins are commonly touted, their clinical efficacy and effectiveness in particular neurological disease contexts need to be more robustly defined. Here, we review the current literature on the cellular mechanisms mitigating oxidative stress and comment on the possible benefit of the most common exogenous antioxidants in diseases such as AD, PD, ALS, HD, stroke, epilepsy, and migraine. We selected common neurological diseases of a basically neurodegenerative nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Korczowska-Łącka
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Bartosz Słowikowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (B.S.); (P.P.J.)
| | - Thomas Piekut
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Mikołaj Hurła
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Natalia Banaszek
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Oliwia Szymanowicz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Paweł P. Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (B.S.); (P.P.J.)
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Permoda-Pachuta
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
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13
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Alizadeh M, Kheirouri S, Keramati M. What Dietary Vitamins and Minerals Might Be Protective against Parkinson's Disease? Brain Sci 2023; 13:1119. [PMID: 37509049 PMCID: PMC10377174 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dietary constituents may affect the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to assess the contribution of dietary intake of vitamins and minerals to the severity, motor and non-motor symptoms, and risk of PD. METHODS In this case-control study, 120 patients with PD and 50 healthy participants participated. Dietary intake of vitamins and minerals was determined using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The severity of PD was determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). RESULTS Patients with PD had lower intake of several vitamins and minerals including lycopene, thiamine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, selenium, chromium, and phosphorus, but had higher intake of α-tocopherol. High dietary intake of vitamin A, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, vitamin C, and α-tocopherol were correlated with increased odds of PD. High intake of lycopene, thiamin, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, chromium, and phosphorous correlated with reduced odds of PD. The predictive power of α-tocopherol concerning the risk of PD was stronger relative to other vitamins. Dietary intake of pantothenic acid was negatively correlated with PD severity and symptoms of motor examination and complication. The severity and motor symptoms of PD were also negatively correlated with β-carotene, vitamin C, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and biotin intake. The UPDRS total score and motor symptoms in PD patients were negatively correlated with phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and chromium, and strongly with potassium intake. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that adequate dietary intake of vitamins and minerals may have a preventive effect on developing PD and progression of motor decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Majid Keramati
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
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14
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Constantin IM, Voruz P, Péron JA. Moderating effects of uric acid and sex on cognition and psychiatric symptoms in asymmetric Parkinson's disease. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:26. [PMID: 37143121 PMCID: PMC10157998 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-motor symptoms are an important early feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), encompassing a variety of cognitive and psychiatric symptoms that seem to manifest differently depending on motor symptom asymmetry. Different factors, such as uric acid (UA) and sex, seem to influence cognitive and psychiatric expression in PD, however their interplay remains to be better understood. METHODS Participants taking part in the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative were studied based on the side of motor symptom asymmetry and sex. Three-way interaction modeling was used to examine the moderating effects of sex and UA on cognitive functions and psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS Significant three-way interactions were highlighted at 1-year follow-up between motor symptom asymmetry, UA and sex for immediate and long-term memory in female patients exhibiting predominantly left-sided motor symptoms, and for processing speed and sleepiness in female patients exhibiting predominantly right-sided motor symptoms. No significant interactions were observed for male patients. Moreover, female patients exhibiting predominantly right-sided motor symptoms demonstrated lower serum UA concentrations and had overall better outcomes, while male patients with predominantly right-sided motor symptoms demonstrated particularly poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that in the earliest stages of the disease, UA and sex moderate cognitive functions and psychiatric symptoms differently depending on motor asymmetry, holding important clinical implications for symptom management in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Medeleine Constantin
- Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 40 Bd du Pont d'Arve, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Voruz
- Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 40 Bd du Pont d'Arve, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julie Anne Péron
- Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 40 Bd du Pont d'Arve, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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15
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Olufunmilayo EO, Gerke-Duncan MB, Holsinger RMD. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020517. [PMID: 36830075 PMCID: PMC9952099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by a complex interplay of various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point of neuronal degeneration and loss, and the eventual clinical manifestations. Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between pro-oxidant species and antioxidant systems, characterized by an elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and a reduction in the levels of endogenous antioxidants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted oxidative stress and associated mitochondrial dysfunction to be important players in the pathophysiologic processes involved in neurodegenerative conditions. In this article, we review the current knowledge of the general effects of oxidative stress on the central nervous system, the different specific routes by which oxidative stress influences the pathophysiologic processes involved in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington's disease, and how oxidative stress may be therapeutically reversed/mitigated in order to stall the pathological progression of these neurodegenerative disorders to bring about clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O. Olufunmilayo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Road, Oritamefa, Ibadan 5116, PMB, Nigeria
| | - Michelle B. Gerke-Duncan
- Education Innovation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence:
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16
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Wu LY, Chen JX, Chen GS, Gao H, Huo JH, Pang YF, Gao QH. Dietary β-carotene and vitamin A and risk of Parkinson disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31002. [PMID: 36253999 PMCID: PMC9575799 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on Parkinson disease (PD) have been confirmed, but some studies have yielded questionable results. Therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the effect of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on the risk of PD. METHODS The following databases were searched for relevant paper: PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Med online, and Weipu databases for the relevant paper from 1990 to March 28, 2022. The studies included were as follows: β-carotene and vitamin A intake was measured using scientifically recognized approaches, such as food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); evaluation of odds ratios using OR, RR, or HR; β-carotene and vitamin A intake for three or more quantitative categories; and PD diagnosed by a neurologist or hospital records. RESULTS This study included 11 studies (four cohort studies, six case-control studies, and one cross-sectional study). The high β-carotene intake was associated with a significantly lower chance of developing PD than low β-carotene intake (pooled OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.74-0.94). Whereas the risk of advancement of PD was not significantly distinctive among the highest and lowest vitamin A intake (pooled OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.91-1.29). CONCLUSIONS Dietary β-carotene intake may have a protective effect against PD, whereas dietary vitamin A does not appear to have the same effect. More relevant studies are needed to include into meta-analysis in the further, as the recall bias and selection bias in retrospective and cross-sectional studies cause misclassifications in the assessment of nutrient intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing-Xin Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing-Hong Huo
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Yu-Fei Pang
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Qing-Han Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
- * Correspondence: Qinghan Gao, School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China (e-mail: )
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17
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Abstract
The global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) has increased from 2.5 to 6.1 million since the 1990s. This is expected to rise as the world population ages and lives longer. With the current consensus on the existence of a prediagnostic phase of PD, which can be divided into a preclinical stage and a prodromal stage, we can better define the risk markers and prodromal markers of PD in the broader context of PD pathogenesis. Here, we review this pathogenetic process, and discuss the evidence behind various heritability factors, exposure to pesticides and farming, high dairy consumption, and traumatic brain injuries that have been known to raise PD risk. Physical activity, early active lifestyle, high serum uric acid, caffeine consumption, exposure to tobacco, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and calcium channel blockers, as well as the Mediterranean and the MIND diets are observed to lower PD risk. This knowledge, when combined with ways to identify at-risk populations and early prodromal PD patients, can help the clinician make practical recommendations. Most importantly, it helps us set the parameters for epidemiological studies and create the paradigms for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Rajan
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bonnie Kaas
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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18
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Song MK, Adams L, Lee JH, Kim YS. NXP031 prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss and oxidative damage in the AAV-WT-α-synuclein mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272085. [PMID: 35901090 PMCID: PMC9333296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by inclusions of aggregated α-synuclein (α-Syn). Oxidative stress plays a critical role in nigrostriatal degeneration and is responsible for α-Syn aggregation in PD. Vitamin C or ascorbic acid acts as an effective antioxidant to prevent free radical damage. However, vitamin C is easily oxidized and often loses its physiological activity, limiting its therapeutic potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether NXP031, a new compound we developed consisting of Aptamin C and Vitamin C, is neuroprotective against α-synucleinopathy. To model α-Syn induced PD, we stereotactically injected AAV particles overexpressing human α-Syn into the substantia nigra (SN) of mice. One week after AAV injection, NXP031 was administered via oral gavage every day for eight weeks. We found that oral administration of NXP031 ameliorated motor deficits measured by the rotarod test and prevented the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons caused by WT-α-Syn overexpression in the SN. Also, NXP031 blocked the propagation of aggregated α-Syn into the hippocampus by alleviating oxidative stress. These results indicate that NXP031 can be a potential therapeutic for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Song
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, UCF College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Levi Adams
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, UCF College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Joo Hee Lee
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seong Kim
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, UCF College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
- Nexmos Co Ltd, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Tan AH, Lim SY, Lang AE. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in Parkinson disease - from basic research to the clinic. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:476-495. [PMID: 35750883 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for a close bidirectional link between the brain and the gut has led to a paradigm shift in neurology, especially in the case of Parkinson disease (PD), in which gastrointestinal dysfunction is a prominent feature. Over the past decade, numerous high-quality preclinical and clinical publications have shed light on the highly complex relationship between the gut and the brain in PD, providing potential for the development of new biomarkers and therapeutics. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing, the role of the gut microbiome has been specifically highlighted. Here, we provide a critical review of the literature on the microbiome-gut-brain axis in PD and present perspectives that will be useful for clinical practice. We begin with an overview of the gut-brain axis in PD, including the potential roles and interrelationships of the vagus nerve, α-synuclein in the enteric nervous system, altered intestinal permeability and inflammation, and gut microbes and their metabolic activities. The sections that follow synthesize the proposed roles of gut-related factors in the development and progression of, in responses to PD treatment, and as therapeutic targets. Finally, we summarize current knowledge gaps and challenges and delineate future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shen Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Bianchi VE, Rizzi L, Somaa F. The role of nutrition on Parkinson's disease: a systematic review. Nutr Neurosci 2022; 26:605-628. [PMID: 35730414 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2073107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) in elderly patients is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. The pathogenesis of PD is associated with dopaminergic neuron degeneration of the substantia nigra in the basal ganglia, causing classic motor symptoms. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation have been identified as possible pathways in laboratory investigations. Nutrition, a potentially versatile factor from all environmental factors affecting PD, has received intense research scrutiny. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases from 2000 until the present. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs), observational case-control studies, and follow-up studies were included. RESULTS We retrieved fifty-two studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most selected studies investigated the effects of malnutrition and the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) on PD incidence and progression. Other investigations contributed evidence on the critical role of microbiota, vitamins, polyphenols, dairy products, coffee, and alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS There are still many concerns regarding the association between PD and nutrition, possibly due to underlying genetic and environmental factors. However, there is a body of evidence revealing that correcting malnutrition, gut microbiota, and following the MeDiet reduced the onset of PD and reduced clinical progression. Other factors, such as polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and coffee intake, can have a potential protective effect. Conversely, milk and its accessory products can increase PD risk. Nutritional intervention is essential for neurologists to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the disease progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Rizzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Fahad Somaa
- King Abdulaziz University, Department of occupational therapy. Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Rakowski M, Porębski S, Grzelak A. Nutraceuticals as Modulators of Autophagy: Relevance in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073625. [PMID: 35408992 PMCID: PMC8998447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have entered the mainstream. Especially in the media, they are strongly advertised as safe and even recommended for certain diseases. Although they may support conventional therapy, sometimes these substances can have unexpected side effects. This review is particularly focused on the modulation of autophagy by selected vitamins and nutraceuticals, and their relevance in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Parkinson’s disease (PD). Autophagy is crucial in PD; thus, the induction of autophagy may alleviate the course of the disease by reducing the so-called Lewy bodies. Hence, we believe that those substances could be used in prevention and support of conventional therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will shed some light on their ability to modulate the autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Rakowski
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Cytometry Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.P.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Szymon Porębski
- Cytometry Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Grzelak
- Cytometry Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.P.); (A.G.)
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22
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Zhang X, Molsberry SA, Yeh TS, Cassidy A, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A, Gao X. Intake of Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Rich Foods and Mortality Risk Among Individuals With Parkinson Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Neurology 2022; 98:e1064-e1076. [PMID: 35082171 PMCID: PMC8967390 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000013275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although flavonoids have the potential to exert neuroprotective benefits, evidence of their role in improving survival rates among individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) remains lacking. We aimed to prospectively study the association between prediagnosis and postdiagnosis flavonoid intakes and risk of mortality among individuals with PD identified from 2 large ongoing cohorts of US men and women. METHODS Included in the current analysis were 599 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 652 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study who were newly diagnosed with PD during follow-up. Dietary intakes of total flavonoid and its subclasses, together with major flavonoid-rich foods (tea, apples, berries, orange and orange juice, and red wine), were repeatedly assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire every 4 years. Mortality was ascertained via the National Death Index and state vital statistics records. RESULTS We documented 944 deaths during 32 to 34 years of follow-up. A higher total flavonoid intake before PD diagnosis was associated with a lower future risk for all-cause mortality in men (hazard ratio [HR] comparing 2 extreme quartiles 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39, 0.71; p for trend < 0.001) but not in women (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.68, 1.28; p for trend = 0.69) after adjustment for age, smoking status, total energy intake, and other covariates. The pooled HR comparing the extreme quartiles was 0.70 (95% CI 0.40, 1.22; p for trend = 0.25) with significant heterogeneity (p = 0.01). For flavonoid subclasses, the highest quartile of anthocyanins, flavones, and flavan-3-ols intakes before diagnosis had a lower mortality risk compared to the lowest quartile (pooled HR 0.66, 0.78, and 0.69, respectively; p < 0.05 for all); for berries and red wine, participants consuming ≥3 servings per week had a lower risk (pooled HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.58, 1.02; and pooled HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51, 0.91, respectively) compared to <1 serving per month. After PD diagnosis, greater consumptions of total flavonoid, subclasses including flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and polymers, and berries and red wine were associated with lower mortality risk (p < 0.05 for all). DISCUSSION Among individuals with PD, higher consumption of flavonoids, especially anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, and flavonoid-rich food such as berries and red wine was likely to be associated with a lower risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Samantha A Molsberry
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Tian-Shin Yeh
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Michael A Schwarzschild
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Alberto Ascherio
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Xiang Gao
- From the Department of Nutritional Sciences (X.Z., X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Departments of Nutrition (S.A.M., T.-S.Y., A.A.) and Epidemiology (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine (T.-S.Y., A.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Institute for Global Food Security (A.C.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Department of Neurology (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Yeh is currently with Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK.
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Talebi S, Ghoreishy SM, Jayedi A, Travica N, Mohammadi H. Dietary Antioxidants and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1493-1504. [PMID: 35030236 PMCID: PMC9526846 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current review was to explore the association between various dietary antioxidants and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2021. Prospective, observational cohort studies, nested case-control, and case-control designs that investigated the association between antioxidants and PD risk were included. A random-effects model was used to pool the RRs. The certainty of the evidence was rated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) scoring system. In addition, a dose-response relation was examined between antioxidant intake and PD risk. Six prospective cohort studies and 2 nested case-control (total n = 448,737 with 4654 cases), as well as 6 case-control (1948 controls, 1273 cases) studies were eligible. The pooled RR was significantly lower for the highest compared with the lowest intake categories of vitamin E (n = 7; 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.99) and anthocyanins (n = 2; 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) in cohort studies. Conversely, a significantly higher risk of PD was observed for higher lutein intake (n = 3; 1.86; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.88) among case-control studies. Dose-response meta-analyses indicated a significant association between a 50-mg/d increase in vitamin C (n = 6; RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99), a 5-mg/d increment in vitamin E (n = 7; RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.99), a 2-mg/d increment in β-carotene (n = 6; RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.99), and a 1-mg/d increment in zinc (n = 1; OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.86) and a reduced risk of PD. Overall, higher intake of antioxidant-rich foods may be associated with a lower risk of PD. Future well-designed prospective studies are needed to validate the present findings. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, CRD42021242511).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Talebi
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT–the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
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Human gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 192:281-307. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Costas C, Faro LR. Do Naturally Occurring Antioxidants Protect Against Neurodegeneration of the Dopaminergic System? A Systematic Revision in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:432-459. [PMID: 33882808 PMCID: PMC9413795 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210421092725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by a significant decrease in dopamine levels, caused by progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Multiple mechanisms have been implicated in its pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, insufficient support for neurotrophic factors and cell apoptosis. The absence of treatments capable of slowing or stopping the progression of PD has increased the interest in the natural antioxidant substances present in the diet, since they have multiple beneficial properties and it is possible that they can influence the mechanisms responsible for the dysfunction and death of dopaminergic neurons. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the results obtained in a set of studies carried out in the last years, which describe the neuroprotective, antioxidant and regenerative functions of some naturally occurring antioxidants in experimental models of PD. The results show that the exogenous no enzymatic antioxidants can significantly modify the biochemical and behavioral mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinsonism in experimental animals. Therefore, it is possible that they may contribute to effective neuroprotection by providing a significant improvement in neuropathological markers. In conclusion, the results of this review suggest that exogenous antioxidants can be promising therapeutic candidates for the prevention and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Costas
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lilian R.F. Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Hantikainen E, Trolle Lagerros Y, Bonn S. Author Response: Dietary Antioxidants and the Risk of Parkinson Disease: The Swedish National March Cohort. Neurology 2021; 97:511-512. [PMID: 34489347 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kawada T. Reader Response: Dietary Antioxidants and the Risk of Parkinson Disease: The Swedish National March Cohort. Neurology 2021; 97:511. [PMID: 34489346 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang L, Wang T, Han Z, Wu L, Liu G. Effect of plasma vitamin C levels on Parkinson's disease and age at onset: a Mendelian randomization study. J Transl Med 2021; 19:221. [PMID: 34030714 PMCID: PMC8142636 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until now, epidemiological evidence regarding the association between vitamin C intake (both diet and supplements) and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains inconsistent. Hence, it is necessary to establish the causal link between vitamin C levels and PD, and further develop effective therapies or prevention. METHODS We selected 11 newly identified plasma vitamin C genetic variants from a large-scale plasma vitamin C GWAS dataset (n = 52,018) as the effective instrumental variables, and extracted their corresponding GWAS summary statistics from PD (33,674 PD cases and 449,056 controls) and PD age at onset (AAO) (n = 28,568). We then performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the causal association of plasma vitamin C levels with PD and PD AAO using inverse-variance weighted (IVW), the weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO test. RESULTS We did not observe any significant association between genetically increased vitamin C levels and PD. Interestingly, we found a reduced trend of PD AAO (1.134 years) with 1 SD genetically increased vitamin C levels using IVW (beta = - 1.134, 95% CI: [- 2.515, 0.248], P = 0.108). Importantly, this trend was further successfully verified using both weighted median and MR-Egger. Each 1 SD genetically increased vitamin C levels could reduce PD AAO 1.75 and 2.592 years using weighted median (beta = - 1.750, 95% CI: [- 3.396, - 0.105], P = 0.037) and MR-Egger (beta = - 2.592, 95% CI: [- 4.623, - 0.560], P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the causal association between genetically increased plasma vitamin C levels and reduced PD AAO in people of European descent. Randomized controlled trials are required to clarify whether diet intake or supplement, or both could reduce the AAO of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Longcai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifa Han
- School of Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment TechnologyXuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Role of Vitamins in Advanced Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: Decoding the Paradox. Can J Neurol Sci 2021; 49:3-4. [PMID: 33988104 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2021.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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