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Dirik H, Taşkıran AŞ, Joha Z. Ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 attenuates morphine tolerance development in male rats by inhibiting dorsal root ganglion neuronal ferroptosis. Korean J Pain 2024; 37:233-246. [PMID: 38946696 PMCID: PMC11220380 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.24042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ferrostatin-1 and liproxstatin-1, both ferroptosis inhibitors, protect cells. Liproxstatin-1 decreases morphine tolerance. Yet, ferrostatin-1's effect on morphine tolerance remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of ferrostatin-1 on the advancement of morphine tolerance and understand the underlying mechanisms in male rats. Methods This experiment involved 36 adult male Wistar albino rats with an average weight ranging from 220 to 260 g. These rats were categorized into six groups: Control, single dose ferrostatin-1, single dose morphine, single dose ferrostatin-1 + morphine, morphine tolerance (twice daily for five days), and ferrostatin-1 + morphine tolerance (twice daily for five days). The antinociceptive action was evaluated using both the hot plate and tail-flick tests. After completing the analgesic tests, tissue samples were gathered from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) for subsequent analysis. The levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), along with the measurements of total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS), were assessed in the tissues of the DRG. Results After tolerance development, the administration of ferrostatin-1 resulted in a significant decrease in morphine tolerance (P < 0.001). Additionally, ferrostatin-1 treatment led to elevated levels of glutathione, GPX4, Nrf2, and TOS (P < 0.001), while simultaneously causing a decrease in TAS levels (P < 0.001). Conclusions The study found that ferrostatin-1 can reduce morphine tolerance by suppressing ferroptosis and reducing oxidative stress in DRG neurons, suggesting it as a potential therapy for preventing morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Dirik
- Ankara City Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şevki Taşkıran
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ziad Joha
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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2
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Schmidhammer H, Al-Khrasani M, Fürst S, Spetea M. Peripheralization Strategies Applied to Morphinans and Implications for Improved Treatment of Pain. Molecules 2023; 28:4761. [PMID: 37375318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are considered the most effective analgesics for the treatment of moderate to severe acute and chronic pain. However, the inadequate benefit/risk ratio of currently available opioids, together with the current 'opioid crisis', warrant consideration on new opioid analgesic discovery strategies. Targeting peripheral opioid receptors as effective means of treating pain and avoiding the centrally mediated side effects represents a research area of substantial and continuous attention. Among clinically used analgesics, opioids from the class of morphinans (i.e., morphine and structurally related analogues) are of utmost clinical importance as analgesic drugs activating the mu-opioid receptor. In this review, we focus on peripheralization strategies applied to N-methylmorphinans to limit their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus minimizing central exposure and the associated undesired side effects. Chemical modifications to the morphinan scaffold to increase hydrophilicity of known and new opioids, and nanocarrier-based approaches to selectively deliver opioids, such as morphine, to the peripheral tissue are discussed. The preclinical and clinical research activities have allowed for the characterization of a variety of compounds that show low central nervous system penetration, and therefore an improved side effect profile, yet maintaining the desired opioid-related antinociceptive activity. Such peripheral opioid analgesics may represent alternatives to presently available drugs for an efficient and safer pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Schmidhammer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mahmoud Al-Khrasani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susanna Fürst
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariana Spetea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Zhang G, Lai Z, Gu L, Xu K, Wang Z, Duan Y, Chen H, Zhang M, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Wang S. Delta Opioid Receptor Activation with Delta Opioid Peptide [d-Ala2, d-Leu5] Enkephalin Contributes to Synaptic Improvement in Rat Hippocampus against Global Ischemia. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211041585. [PMID: 34470528 PMCID: PMC8419564 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211041585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia induced by cardiac arrest usually leads to poor neurological outcomes. Numerous studies have focused on ways to prevent ischemic damage in the brain, however clinical therapies are still limited. Our previous studies revealed that delta opioid receptor (DOR) activation with [d-Ala2, d-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE), a DOR agonist, not only significantly promotes neuronal survival on day 3, but also improves spatial memory deficits on days 5-9 after ischemia. However, the neurological mechanism underlying DADLE-induced cognitive recovery remains unclear. This study first examined the changes in neuronal survival in the CA1 region at the advanced time point (day 7) after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and found a significant amelioration of damaged CA1 neurons in the rats treated with DADLE (2.5 nmol) when administered at the onset of reperfusion. The structure and function of CA1 neurons on days 3 and 7 post-ischemia showed significant improvements in both the density of the injured dendritic spines and the basic transmission of the impaired CA3-CA1 synapses following DADLE treatment. The molecular changes involved in DADLE-mediated synaptic modulation on days 3 and 7 post-ischemia implied the time-related differential regulation of PKCα-MARCKS on the dendritic spine structure and of BDNF- ERK1/2-synapsin I on synaptic function, in response to ischemic/reperfusion injury as well as to DADLE treatment. Importantly, all the beneficial effects of DADLE on ischemia-induced cellular, synaptic, and molecular deficits were eliminated by the DOR inhibitor naltrindole (2.5 nmol). Taken together, this study suggested that DOR activation-induced protective signaling pathways of PKCα-MARCKS involved in the synaptic morphology and BDNF-ERK-synapsin I in synaptic transmission may be engaged in the cognitive recovery in rats suffering from advanced cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Zelin Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lingling Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kejia Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yale Duan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Huifen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital
| | - Min Zhang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital.,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
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4
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Boorman DC, Keay KA. Escalating morphine dosage fails to elicit conditioned analgesia in a preclinical chronic neuropathic pain model. Behav Pharmacol 2021; 32:479-486. [PMID: 34320522 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Many people with chronic pain escalate their opioid dosage to counteract tolerance effects. A treatment regimen consisting of placebos admixed with opioids has been suggested as a possible therapeutic option that could reduce the harm of long-term opioid use. However, the analgesic efficacy of such a regimen requires further investigation before widespread adoption. We have recently reported that a 4-day pharmacological conditioning procedure, which paired morphine (6 mg/kg) with contextual cues, elicited placebo analgesia in subpopulations of male (35%) and female (25%) rats with sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI). Here, we investigated how an escalating morphine dosage during conditioning affects the incidence and strength of placebo analgesia. Forty-four male, Sprague-Dawley rats received CCI. Thirty-eight (86%) rats developed strong cold allodynia by day 6 post-surgery, as measured by hind paw withdrawal (HPW) behaviour on a 5°C cold plate (120 s). In this experiment, pharmacological conditioning consisted of an escalating morphine dose over 4 days (8/9/10/12 mg/kg). This dosing regimen produced strong reductions in HPW behaviour and counteracted the effects of morphine tolerance during conditioning. However, none of the rats given the placebo treatment (n = 12) demonstrated reductions in HPW behaviour when morphine was substituted for saline (i.e. placebo analgesia), but instead showed a strong behavioural response (rearing). These results demonstrate that a high, escalating dose of morphine failed to produce conditioned placebo analgesia in rats with CCI. It is possible that admixing placebos with opioids may be similarly ineffective in chronic pain patients when the opioids regimen is high or escalating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien C Boorman
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience) and the Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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5
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Yadlapalli JSK, Albayati ZAF, Breen PJ, Dobretsov M, Penthala NR, Hendrickson HP, Crooks PA. A pharmacokinetic study of morphine-6-O-sulfate in rat plasma and brain. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:802-814. [PMID: 33427316 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Morphine-6-O-sulfate (M6S), a polar, zwitterionic sulfate ester of morphine, is a powerful and safe analgesic in several rat models of pain. A sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of M6S and morphine (MOR) in rat plasma and brain after M6S administration. Morphine-d6 was used as internal standard. Multiple reaction monitoring was used for detection and quantitation of M6S, MOR, and morphine-d6 in the turbo ion spray positive mode. The chromatographic separation was carried out on an Alltech Altima C18 column. The analytical method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, and stability over a concentration range of 3-8000 ng/ml in rat plasma and 10-10,000 ng/ml in brain samples for both M6S and MOR. The validated method was applied to determine the PK profile of M6S in plasma after i.v., i.p., and oral dosing in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were administered M6S by i.p. administration (5.6 and 10.0 mg/kg) or orally (10 and 30 mg/kg) and bioavailability compared to an i.v. injection (1 mg/kg) of M6S. The in vivo results indicate that M6S is not a prodrug of morphine, since M6S is not biotransformed into MOR in plasma after either i.p. or oral administration, and MOR was not detected in brain. The bioavailability of M6S was >93% and about 5% after i.p. and oral dosing, respectively. The low oral bioavailability of M6S may be due to poor permeation of the intestinal epithelial membrane. After i.p.-administration, M6S appears to reach brain tissues in low, but significant, concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Shankar K Yadlapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Zaineb A F Albayati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Philip J Breen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Maxim Dobretsov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Neuroscience, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Narsimha R Penthala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Howard P Hendrickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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6
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Henry S, Anand JP, Twarozynski JJ, Brinkel AC, Pogozheva ID, Sears BF, Jutkiewicz EM, Traynor JR, Mosberg HI. Aromatic-Amine Pendants Produce Highly Potent and Efficacious Mixed Efficacy μ-Opioid Receptor (MOR)/δ-Opioid Receptor (DOR) Peptidomimetics with Enhanced Metabolic Stability. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1671-1683. [PMID: 31986033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a novel SAR campaign that converted a metabolically unstable series of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist/δ-opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist bicyclic core peptidomimetics with promising analgesic activity and reduced abuse liabilities into a more stable series of benzylic core analogues. Herein, we expanded the SAR of that campaign and determined that the incorporation of amines into the benzylic pendant produces enhanced MOR-efficacy in this series, whereas the reincorporation of an aromatic ring into the pendant enhanced MOR-potency. Two compounds, which contain a piperidine (14) or an isoindoline (17) pendant, retained the desired opioid profile in vitro, possessed metabolic half-lives of greater than 1 h in mouse liver microsomes (MLMs), and were active antinociceptive agents in the acetic acid stretch assay (AASA) at subcutaneous doses of 1 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Henry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 428 Church Street , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Jessica P Anand
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Jack J Twarozynski
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Ashley C Brinkel
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Irina D Pogozheva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 428 Church Street , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Bryan F Sears
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Emily M Jutkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - John R Traynor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 428 Church Street , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Medical School , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Henry I Mosberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 428 Church Street , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Edward F. Domino Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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7
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Abstract
This paper is the fortieth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2017 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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8
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Chen X, Zhang B, Liu T, Feng M, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Yao W, Wan L. Liproxstatin-1 Attenuates Morphine Tolerance through Inhibiting Spinal Ferroptosis-like Cell Death. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4824-4833. [PMID: 31682397 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine tolerance is a classic, challenging clinical issue. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Recently, studies have shown that ferroptosis correlates with drug resistance. Therefore, this study investigated whether spinal cord ferroptosis contributes to morphine tolerance. C57BL/6 mice were continuously subcutaneously injected with morphine, with or without the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1. We found that chronic morphine exposure led to morphine antinociception tolerance, accompanied by loss of spinal cord neurons, increase in the levels of iron, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species, and decreases in the levels of superoxide dismutase. Additionally, inflammatory response and mitochondrial shrinkage, processes that are involved in ferroptosis, were observed. Simultaneously, we found that 10 mg/kg of liproxstatin-1 could alleviate iron overload by balancing transferrin receptor protein 1/ferroportin expression and attenuate morphine tolerance by increasing glutathione peroxidase 4 levels, while reducing the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species. It also downregulated the expression of extracellularly regulated protein kinases that had been induced by chronic morphine exposure. Our results indicate that spinal cord ferroptosis contributes to morphine tolerance, while liproxstatin-1 attenuates the development of morphine tolerance. These findings suggest that ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic target for morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Feng
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuanhan Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province, China
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9
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Yadlapalli JSK, Bommagani SB, Mahelona RD, Wan A, Gannon BM, Penthala NR, Dobretsov M, Crooks PA, Fantegrossi WE. Evaluation of morphine-like effects of the mixed mu/delta agonist morphine-6- O-sulfate in rats: Drug discrimination and physical dependence. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6:e00403. [PMID: 29930811 PMCID: PMC6009770 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine-6-O-sulfate (M6S) is as a mixed-action mu/delta (μ/δ) opioid receptor agonist with high potency and analgesic efficacy. These studies used assays of drug discrimination and schedule-controlled responding to assess abuse-liability, tolerance, and physical dependence as compared to morphine in rats. Attempts to train 0.3 mg/kg (IP) M6S from saline failed, but all rats rapidly acquired the discrimination when the training dose was changed to 3.0 mg/kg morphine, and substitution tests showed that morphine and fentanyl both fully substituted for the training dose, M6S and M3A6S (3-O-acetyl ester of M6S) only partially substituted, and salvinorin A did not elicit morphine-like effects. Tolerance to response rate-decreasing effects was studied in rats administered either 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg morphine or M6S before food-reinforced operant sessions. At both unit doses, tolerance to M6S-elicited rate suppression developed more slowly than tolerance to morphine-induced reductions in response rates. To assess dependence, rats were maintained on 1.0 mg/kg morphine or 1.0 mg/kg M6S until food-reinforced response rates were stable for at least 5 days. Rats were then administered saline or increasing doses of the opioid antagonist naltrexone (NTX) (0.3, 1.0, 3.0, or 10.0 mg/kg) in order to determine antagonist-precipitated withdrawal. NTX precipitated withdrawal was similar in both morphine-maintained and M6S-maintained rats. In conclusion, the mixed μ/δ agonist activity of M6S failed to completely protect against the development of physical dependence, but delayed tolerance development to behavioral effects and resulted in decreased morphine-like subjective effects, perhaps implying a decreased abuse liability over μ agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Shankar K. Yadlapalli
- Departments of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Shoban Babu Bommagani
- Departments of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Ryan D. Mahelona
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Anqi Wan
- Departments of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Brenda M. Gannon
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Narsimha R. Penthala
- Departments of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Maxim Dobretsov
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - Peter A. Crooks
- Departments of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
| | - William E. Fantegrossi
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas72205
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10
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Yadlapalli JSK, Dogra N, Walbaum AW, Prather PL, Crooks PA, Dobretsov M. Pinprick hypo- and hyperalgesia in diabetic rats: Can diet content affect experimental outcome? Neurosci Lett 2018; 673:24-27. [PMID: 29490230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Existing literature concerning the effect of experimentally-induced diabetes on pain thresholds in rodent models remains controversial. In this work, we describe a phenotypical switch from streptozotocin-induced pinprick hypoalgesia to hyperalgesia observed in the same laboratory, in the same strain of rats, obtained from the same vendor, and measured by the same technique carried out by the investigators. This switch was observed around January 2015, at the time when there was a change in the diet of rats at the Radley North Carolina Charles River facility. These data support the contention that diet may significantly modify disease progression, including progression of signs of diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Shankar K Yadlapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA
| | - Navdeep Dogra
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA
| | - Anqi W Walbaum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA
| | - Paul L Prather
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA
| | - Maxim Dobretsov
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, USA.
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11
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Yadlapalli JSK, Dogra N, Walbaum AW, Prather PL, Crooks PA, Dobretsov M. Preclinical assessment of utility of M6S for multimodal acute and chronic pain treatment in diabetic neuropathy. Life Sci 2018; 192:151-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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