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Yang X, Wang Y, Qu C, Tan B, Wang M, Li S, Huang J, Li J, Fang M, Cheng Z, Zhou N. Real time monitoring peripheral nerve function with ICG and BDA-ICG by NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101084. [PMID: 38757055 PMCID: PMC11097087 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroanatomical tract tracers are important for studying axoplasmic transport and the complex interconnections of the nervous system. Though traditional fluorescent tracers are widely used, they have several prominent drawbacks when imaging, including low resolutions and low tissue penetrations and inability to be supervised dynamically within a long peripheral nerve during the long term. Here, we explored the potential of ICG as a neural tracer for axoplasmic transport and for the first time demonstrated that ICG could be used to detect transport function within peripheral nerve by near-infrared region II (NIR-II) imaging. On basis of this finding, a novel bi-directional neural tracer biotinylated dextran amine-indocyanine green (BDA-ICG) was prepared and characterized with better long-term stability and higher nerve-to-background ratio than ICG in vivo, and successfully imaged the injured peripheral nerve from the healthy one within 24 h. Our results show that BDA-ICG are promising neural tracers and clinically available dyes with NIR-II emission tail characteristics as ICG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanyi Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Orthopedics Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunrong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Boyu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Minjin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Senrui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jinsheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Mengyuan Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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Yang H, Liu Z, Liu F, Wu H, Huang X, Huang R, Saw PE, Cao M. TET1-Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Morphine for Specific Targeting of Peripheral Nerve for Pain Alleviation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4759-4777. [PMID: 38828199 PMCID: PMC11141738 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s453608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Opioids are irreplaceable analgesics owing to the lack of alternative analgesics that offer opioid-like pain relief. However, opioids have many undesirable central side effects. Restricting opioids to peripheral opioid receptors could reduce those effects while maintaining analgesia. Methods To achieve this goal, we developed Tet1-LNP (morphine), a neural-targeting lipid nanoparticle encapsulating morphine that could specifically activate the peripheral opioid receptor in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and significantly reduce the side effects caused by the activation of opioid receptors in the brain. Tet1-LNP (morphine) were successfully prepared using the thin-film hydration method. In vitro, Tet1-LNP (morphine) uptake was assessed in differentiated neuron-like PC-12 cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) primary cells. The uptake of Tet1-LNP (morphine) in the DRGs and the brain was assessed in vivo. Von Frey filament and Hargreaves tests were used to assess the antinociception of Tet1-LNP (morphine) in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) neuropathic pain model. Morphine concentration in blood and brain were evaluated using ELISA. Results Tet1-LNP (morphine) had an average size of 131 nm. Tet1-LNP (morphine) showed high cellular uptake and targeted DRG in vitro. CCI mice treated with Tet1-LNP (morphine) experienced prolonged analgesia for nearly 32 h compared with 3 h with free morphine (p < 0.0001). Notably, the brain morphine concentration in the Tet1-LNP (morphine) group was eight-fold lower than that in the morphine group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Our study presents a targeted lipid nanoparticle system for peripheral neural delivery of morphine. We anticipate Tet1-LNP (morphine) will offer a safe formulation for chronic neuropathic pain treatment, and promise further development for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, 516600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixuan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, 516600, People’s Republic of China
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Kim J, Potez M, She C, Huang P, Wu Q, Bao S, Rich JN, Liu JKC. Glioblastoma Stem Cell Targeting Peptide Isolated Through Phage Display Binds Cadherin 2. Stem Cells 2023; 41:762-774. [PMID: 37280108 PMCID: PMC10427963 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) have unique properties of self-renewal and tumor initiation that make them potential therapeutic targets. Development of effective therapeutic strategies against GSCs requires both specificity of targeting and intracranial penetration through the blood-brain barrier. We have previously demonstrated the use of in vitro and in vivo phage display biopanning strategies to isolate glioblastoma targeting peptides. Here we selected a 7-amino acid peptide, AWEFYFP, which was independently isolated in both the in vitro and in vivo screens and demonstrated that it was able to target GSCs over differentiated glioma cells and non-neoplastic brain cells. When conjugated to Cyanine 5.5 and intravenously injected into mice with intracranially xenografted glioblastoma, the peptide localized to the site of the tumor, demonstrating intracranial tumor targeting specificity. Immunoprecipitation of the peptide with GSC proteins revealed Cadherin 2 as the glioblastoma cell surface receptor targeted by the peptides. Peptide targeting of Cadherin 2 on GSCs was confirmed through ELISA and in vitro binding analysis. Interrogation of glioblastoma databases demonstrated that Cadherin 2 expression correlated with tumor grade and survival. These results confirm that phage display can be used to isolate unique tumor-targeting peptides specific for glioblastoma. Furthermore, analysis of these cell specific peptides can lead to the discovery of cell specific receptor targets that may serve as the focus of future theragnostic tumor-homing modalities for the development of precision strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- JongMyung Kim
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marine Potez
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chunhua She
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qiulian Wu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shideng Bao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James K C Liu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL, USA
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Potez M, Snedal S, She C, Kim J, Thorner K, Tran TH, Ramello MC, Abate-Daga D, Liu JKC. Use of phage display biopanning as a tool to design CAR-T cells against glioma stem cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124272. [PMID: 37035164 PMCID: PMC10080078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is both the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor, associated with high mortality rates and resistance to conventional therapy. Despite recent advancements in knowledge and molecular profiling, recurrence of GBM is nearly inevitable. This recurrence has been attributed to the presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs), a small fraction of cells resistant to standard-of-care treatments and capable of self-renewal and tumor initiation. Therefore, targeting these cancer stem cells will allow for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies against GBM. We have previously identified several 7-amino acid length peptides which specifically target GSCs through in vitro and in vivo phage display biopanning. Methods and results We have combined two of these peptides to create a dual peptide construct (EV), and demonstrated its ability to bind GSCs in vitro and target intracranial GBM in mouse models. A peptide pull-down performed with peptide EV followed by mass spectrometry determined N-cadherin as the binding partner of the peptide, which was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and surface plasmon resonance. To develop cytotoxic cellular products aimed at specifically targeting GSCs, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) were engineered containing the peptide EV in place of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) as the antigen-binding domain. EV CAR-transduced T cells demonstrated specific reactivity towards GSCs by production of interferon-gamma when exposed to GSCs, in addition to the induction of GSC-specific apoptosis as illustrated by Annexin-V staining. Conclusion These results exemplify the use of phage display biopanning for the isolation of GSC-targeting peptides, and their potential application in the development of novel cytotoxic therapies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Potez
- Neurosurgical Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sebastian Snedal
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chunhua She
- Neurosurgical Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jongmyung Kim
- Neurosurgical Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Konrad Thorner
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Timothy H. Tran
- Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Maria Cecilia Ramello
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Daniel Abate-Daga
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - James K. C. Liu
- Neurosurgical Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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Kim J, She C, Potez M, Huang P, Wu Q, Prager BC, Qiu Z, Bao S, Rich JN, Liu JKC. Phage display targeting identifies EYA1 as a regulator of glioblastoma stem cell maintenance and proliferation. Stem Cells 2021; 39:853-865. [PMID: 33594762 PMCID: PMC10741052 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most lethal of human malignancies with GBM stem cells (GSCs) that contribute to tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Identification and isolation of GSCs continue to be a challenge, as definitive methods to purify these cells for study or targeting are lacking. Here, we leveraged orthogonal in vitro and in vivo phage display biopanning strategies to isolate a single peptide with GSC-specific binding properties. In silico analysis of this peptide led to the isolation of EYA1 (Eyes Absent 1), a tyrosine phosphatase and transcriptional coactivator. Validating the phage discovery methods, EYA1 was preferentially expressed in GSCs compared to differentiated tumor progeny. MYC is a central mediator of GSC maintenance but has been resistant to direct targeting strategies. Based on correlation and colocalization of EYA1 and MYC, we interrogated a possible interaction, revealing binding of EYA1 to MYC and loss of MYC expression upon targeting EYA1. Supporting a functional role for EYA1, targeting EYA1 expression decreased GSC proliferation, migration, and self-renewal in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that phage display can identify novel therapeutic targets in stem-like tumor cells and that an EYA1-MYC axis represents a potential therapeutic paradigm for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- JongMyung Kim
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Chunhua She
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Marine Potez
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Qiulian Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Briana C. Prager
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Zhixin Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Shideng Bao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Jeremy N. Rich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - James K. C. Liu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
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Rayner MLD, Grillo A, Williams GR, Tawfik E, Zhang T, Volitaki C, Craig DQM, Healy J, Phillips JB. Controlled local release of PPARγ agonists from biomaterials to treat peripheral nerve injury. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:046030. [PMID: 32780719 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aba7cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor clinical outcomes following peripheral nerve injury (PNI) are partly attributable to the limited rate of neuronal regeneration. Despite numerous potential drug candidates demonstrating positive effects on nerve regeneration rate in preclinical models, no drugs are routinely used to improve restoration of function in clinical practice. A key challenge associated with clinical adoption of drug treatments in nerve injured patients is the requirement for sustained administration of doses associated with undesirable systemic sideeffects. Local controlled-release drug delivery systems could potentially address this challenge, particularly through the use of biomaterials that can be implanted at the repair site during the microsurgical repair procedure. APPROACH In order to test this concept, this study used various biomaterials to deliver ibuprofen sodium or sulindac sulfide locally in a controlled manner in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Following characterisation of release parameters in vitro, ethylene vinyl acetate tubes or polylactic-co-glycolic acid wraps, loaded with ibuprofen sodium or sulindac sulfide, were placed around directly-repaired nerve transection or nerve crush injuries in rats. MAIN RESULTS Ibuprofen sodium, but not sulindac sulfide caused an increase in neurites in distal nerve segments and improvements in functional recovery in comparison to controls with no drug treatment. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed for the first time that local delivery of ibuprofen sodium using biomaterials improves neurite growth and functional recovery following PNI and provides the basis for future development of drug-loaded biomaterials suitable for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L D Rayner
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, United Kingdom. UCL School of Pharmacy, UCL, London, United Kingdom. UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London, United Kingdom
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Spencer AP, Torrado M, Custódio B, Silva-Reis SC, Santos SD, Leiro V, Pêgo AP. Breaking Barriers: Bioinspired Strategies for Targeted Neuronal Delivery to the Central Nervous System. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E192. [PMID: 32102252 PMCID: PMC7076453 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders encompass a vast spectrum of pathological conditions and represent a growing concern worldwide. Despite the high social and clinical interest in trying to solve these pathologies, there are many challenges to bridge in order to achieve an effective therapy. One of the main obstacles to advancements in this field that has hampered many of the therapeutic strategies proposed to date is the presence of the CNS barriers that restrict the access to the brain. However, adequate brain biodistribution and neuronal cells specific accumulation in the targeted site also represent major hurdles to the attainment of a successful CNS treatment. Over the last few years, nanotechnology has taken a step forward towards the development of therapeutics in neurologic diseases and different approaches have been developed to surpass these obstacles. The versatility of the designed nanocarriers in terms of physical and chemical properties, and the possibility to functionalize them with specific moieties, have resulted in improved neurotargeted delivery profiles. With the concomitant progress in biology research, many of these strategies have been inspired by nature and have taken advantage of physiological processes to achieve brain delivery. Here, the different nanosystems and targeting moieties used to achieve a neuronal delivery reported in the open literature are comprehensively reviewed and critically discussed, with emphasis on the most recent bioinspired advances in the field. Finally, we express our view on the paramount challenges in targeted neuronal delivery that need to be overcome for these promising therapeutics to move from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Spencer
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marília Torrado
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Custódio
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara C. Silva-Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Santos
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Pêgo
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Langert KA, Brey EM. Strategies for Targeted Delivery to the Peripheral Nerve. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:887. [PMID: 30542262 PMCID: PMC6277764 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of compounds to the peripheral nervous system has the potential to be used as a treatment for a broad range of conditions and applications, including neuropathic pain, regional anesthesia, traumatic nerve injury, and inherited and inflammatory neuropathies. However, efficient delivery of therapeutic doses can be difficult to achieve due to peripheral neuroanatomy and the restrictiveness of the blood-nerve barrier. Depending on the underlying integrity of the blood-nerve barrier in the application at hand, several strategies can be employed to navigate the peripheral nerve architecture and facilitate targeted delivery to the peripheral nerve. This review describes different applications where targeted delivery to the peripheral nervous system is desired, the challenges that the blood-nerve barrier poses in each application, and bioengineering strategies that can facilitate delivery in each application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Langert
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Eric M Brey
- Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Sun S, Schaffer DV. Engineered viral vectors for functional interrogation, deconvolution, and manipulation of neural circuits. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 50:163-170. [PMID: 29614429 PMCID: PMC5984719 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of traditional replication-competent viral tracers has granted access to immediate synaptic partners of target neuronal populations, enabling the dissection of complex brain circuits into functional neural pathways. The excessive virulence of most conventional tracers, however, impedes their utility in revealing and genetically perturbing cellular function on long time scales. As a promising alternative, the natural capacity of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to safely mediate persistent and robust gene expression has stimulated strong interest in adapting them for sparse neuronal labeling and physiological studies. Furthermore, increasingly refined engineering strategies have yielded novel AAV variants with enhanced target specificity, transduction, and retrograde trafficking in the CNS. These potent vectors offer new opportunities for characterizing the identity and connectivity of single neurons within immense networks and modulating their activity via robust delivery of functional genetic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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10
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Gramlich PA, Westbroek W, Feldman RA, Awad O, Mello N, Remington MP, Sun Y, Zhang W, Sidransky E, Betenbaugh MJ, Fishman PS. A peptide-linked recombinant glucocerebrosidase for targeted neuronal delivery: Design, production, and assessment. J Biotechnol 2016; 221:1-12. [PMID: 26795355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although recombinant glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is the standard therapy for the inherited lysosomal storage disease Gaucher's disease (GD), enzyme replacement is not effective when the central nervous system is affected. We created a series of recombinant genes/proteins where GCase was linked to different membrane binding peptides including the Tat peptide, the rabies glycoprotein derived peptide (RDP), the binding domain from tetanus toxin (TTC), and a tetanus like peptide (Tet1). The majority of these proteins were well-expressed in a mammalian producer cell line (HEK 293F). Purified recombinant Tat-GCase and RDP-GCase showed similar GCase protein delivery to a neuronal cell line that genetically lacks the functional enzyme, and greater delivery than control GCase, Cerezyme (Genzyme). This initial result was unexpected based on observations of superior protein delivery to neurons with RDP as a vector. A recombinant protein where a fragment of the flexible hinge region from IgA (IgAh) was introduced between RDP and GCase showed substantially enhanced GCase neuronal delivery (2.5 times over Tat-GCase), suggesting that the original construct resulted in interference with the capacity of RDP to bind neuronal membranes. Extended treatment of these knockout neuronal cells with either Tat-GCase or RDP-IgAh-GCase resulted in an >90% reduction in the lipid substrate glucosylsphingosine, approaching normal levels. Further in vivo studies of RDP-IgAh-GCase as well as Tat-GCase are warranted to assess their potential as treatments for neuronopathic forms of GD. These peptide vectors are especially attractive as they have the potential to carry a protein across the blood-brain barrier, avoiding invasive direct brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Gramlich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care Service, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Wendy Westbroek
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo A Feldman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD, USA
| | - Ola Awad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Mello
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care Service, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD, USA
| | - Mary P Remington
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care Service, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wujuan Zhang
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul S Fishman
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care Service, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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McEachin ZT, Donsante A, Boulis N. Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1382:399-408. [PMID: 26611602 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3271-9_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a powerful tool for treating diseases, including neurological disorder such at amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. When delivered to the CNS, gene therapy vectors can provide prosurvival signals to neurons, knock down the expression of toxic proteins, or restore lost function. How to best deliver this type of therapeutic depends on the nature of the disease and the expected function of the transgene. Here we describe a method for parenchymal injection into rodent models, allowing for localized delivery of gene therapy vectors and other therapeutic molecules. This technique has been a robust mechanism for proof-of-principle experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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12
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Zhan C, Li C, Wei X, Lu W, Lu W. Toxins and derivatives in molecular pharmaceutics: Drug delivery and targeted therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 90:101-18. [PMID: 25959429 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein and peptide toxins offer an invaluable source for the development of actively targeted drug delivery systems. They avidly bind to a variety of cognate receptors, some of which are expressed or even up-regulated in diseased tissues and biological barriers. Protein and peptide toxins or their derivatives can act as ligands to facilitate tissue- or organ-specific accumulation of therapeutics. Some toxins have evolved from a relatively small number of structural frameworks that are particularly suitable for addressing the crucial issues of potency and stability, making them an instrumental source of leads and templates for targeted therapy. The focus of this review is on protein and peptide toxins for the development of targeted drug delivery systems and molecular therapies. We summarize disease- and biological barrier-related toxin receptors, as well as targeted drug delivery strategies inspired by those receptors. The design of new therapeutics based on protein and peptide toxins is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyou Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Institute of Human Virology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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13
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Davis AS, Federici T, Ray WC, Boulis NM, OʼConnor D, Clark KR, Bartlett JS. Rational design and engineering of a modified adeno-associated virus (AAV1)-based vector system for enhanced retrograde gene delivery. Neurosurgery 2015; 76:216-25; discussion 225. [PMID: 25549186 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After injection into muscle and peripheral nerves, a variety of viral vectors undergo retrograde transport to lower motor neurons. However, because of its attractive safety profile and durable gene expression, adeno-associated virus (AAV) remains the only vector to have been applied to the human nervous system for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Nonetheless, only a very small fraction of intramuscularly injected AAV vector arrives at the spinal cord. OBJECTIVE To engineer a novel AAV vector by inserting a neuronal targeting peptide (Tet1), with binding properties similar to those of tetanus toxin, into the AAV1 capsid. METHODS Integral to this approach was the use of structure-based design to increase the effectiveness of functional capsid engineering. This approach allowed the optimization of scaffolding regions for effective display of the foreign epitope while minimizing disruption of the native capsid structure. We also validated an approach by which low-titer tropism-modified AAV vectors can be rescued by particle mosaicism with unmodified capsid proteins. RESULTS Importantly, our rationally engineered AAV1-based vectors exhibited markedly enhanced transduction of cultured motor neurons, diminished transduction of nontarget cells, and markedly superior retrograde delivery compared with unmodified AAV1 vector. CONCLUSION This approach promises a significant advancement in the rational engineering of AAV vectors for diseases of the nervous system and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Davis
- ‡Gene Therapy Center and ¶Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; §Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; ‖Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Public Health and #Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio; **Calimmune, Inc, Tucson, Arizona
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14
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Georgieva JV, Hoekstra D, Zuhorn IS. Smuggling Drugs into the Brain: An Overview of Ligands Targeting Transcytosis for Drug Delivery across the Blood-Brain Barrier. Pharmaceutics 2014; 6:557-83. [PMID: 25407801 PMCID: PMC4279133 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics6040557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier acts as a physical barrier that prevents free entry of blood-derived substances, including those intended for therapeutic applications. The development of molecular Trojan horses is a promising drug targeting technology that allows for non-invasive delivery of therapeutics into the brain. This concept relies on the application of natural or genetically engineered proteins or small peptides, capable of specifically ferrying a drug-payload that is either directly coupled or encapsulated in an appropriate nanocarrier, across the blood-brain barrier via receptor-mediated transcytosis. Specifically, in this process the nanocarrier-drug system ("Trojan horse complex") is transported transcellularly across the brain endothelium, from the blood to the brain interface, essentially trailed by a native receptor. Naturally, only certain properties would favor a receptor to serve as a transporter for nanocarriers, coated with appropriate ligands. Here we briefly discuss brain microvascular endothelial receptors that have been explored until now, highlighting molecular features that govern the efficiency of nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia V Georgieva
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Hoekstra
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Gunay H, Kucuk L, Erbas O, Atamaz FC, Kucuk U, Coskunol E. The effectiveness of tetanus toxin on sciatic nerve regeneration: a preliminary experimental study in rats. Microsurgery 2014; 34:384-9. [PMID: 24665036 DOI: 10.1002/micr.22249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The purpose was to investigate the effects of local tetanus toxin (TeTx) application on sciatic nerve regeneration following a rat model of transection injury. METHODS After both sciatic nerves were transected and repaired with three epineural sutures, 12 male Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups. 0.25 ml (2.5 flocculation units) TeTx was injected into a piece of absorbable gelatin sponge in TeTx group. In controls, 0.25 ml saline injected. Assessments were performed by using climbing degrees, compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and histological parameters (axon number and axonal diameter) 12th week. RESULTS CMAPs amplitudes were 11.6 ± 4.7 mV and 1.4 ± 1.3 mV in gastrocnemius and interdigital muscles in TeTx group (5.8 ± 2.4 mV and 0.2 ± 0.1 mV, P < 0.05). Climbing degrees were significantly different (61.6 ± 1.7 vs. 38.3 ± 2.6, P < 0.05). Total axon numbers were higher (1341.1 ± 57.3 vs. 877.5 ± 34.9, P < 0.05) and the mean axon diameter was smaller (4.2 ± 2.1 vs. 2.5 ± 1.9, P < 0.05) in the TeTx group. CONCLUSION This preliminary study firstly demonstrated the effectiveness of TeTx on nerve repair in experimental sciatic rat model based on functional, electromyographic and histological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Gunay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Faculty of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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16
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Chu DSH, Schellinger JG, Bocek MJ, Johnson RN, Pun SH. Optimization of Tet1 ligand density in HPMA-co-oligolysine copolymers for targeted neuronal gene delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9632-7. [PMID: 24041424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted gene delivery vectors can enhance cellular specificity and transfection efficiency. We demonstrated previously that conjugation of Tet1, a peptide that binds to the GT1b ganglioside, to polyethylenimine results in preferential transfection of neural progenitor cells in vivo. In this work, we investigate the effect of Tet1 ligand density on gene delivery to neuron-like, differentiated PC-12 cells. A series of statistical, cationic peptide-based polymers containing various amounts (1-5 mol%) of Tet1 were synthesized via one-pot reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization by copolymerization of Tet1 and oligo-l-lysine macromonomers with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA). When complexed with plasmid DNA, the resulting panel of Tet1-functionalized polymers formed particles with similar particle size as particles formed with untargeted HPMA-oligolysine copolymers. The highest cellular uptake in neuron-like differentiated PC-12 cells was observed using polymers with intermediate Tet1 peptide incorporation. Compared to untargeted polymers, polymers with optimal incorporation of Tet1 increased gene delivery to neuron-like PC-12 cells by over an order of magnitude but had no effect compared to control polymers in transfecting NIH/3T3 control cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S H Chu
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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17
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Kassa R, Monterroso V, David LL, Tshala-Katumbay D. Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of tetanus toxin-derivatives in neurological diseases. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:788-91. [PMID: 23842888 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the ex vivo reactivity of peptidic constructs of Tet1 (analog of tetanus toxin non-virulent C fragment) with sequence homology to the cysteine-active site of thioredoxin (Tet1THO) or tetralysine (Tet1PLYS) with oxidative species or axonopathic sodium cyanate (NaOCN), respectively. We then assessed their neuronal uptake in vivo in laboratory animals. The reactivity of Tet1PLYS with NaOCN (1:2.5 to 1:37.5 molar ratios) or Tet1THO with hydrogen peroxide (1:0.4 to 1:6.2 molar ratios) was assessed by mass spectrometry. Green fluorescence protein (GFP)-tagged Tet1-derivatives (3 mg/ml in artificial cerebrospinal fluid) were administered daily to rats by intramuscular injection in latissimus dorsi at lumborum at the dose of 1 μl/g of body weight, for 3 days. Motor neuron uptake was assessed after double immunolabeling for GFP and choline acetyltransferase. Mass spectrometry analysis successfully demonstrated the ex vivo reactivity of Tet1-derivatives in a concentration-dependent manner. Confocal microscopy revealed the localization of Tet1-derivatives in axons and motor neuron cell bodies. Intramuscular delivery of Tet1-derivatives appears to be a practical approach to circumvent the blood nerve barrier and selectively deliver small molecules to the nervous system, for diagnostic and/or treatment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kassa
- Center for Research on Occupational & Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), 3181 Sam Jackson Park Road, mail code L606, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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18
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Tani H, Osbourn JK, Walker EH, Rush RA, Ferguson IA. A novel in vivo method for isolating antibodies from a phage display library by neuronal retrograde transport selectively yields antibodies against p75(NTR.). MAbs 2013; 5:471-8. [PMID: 23549155 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.24112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) is utilized by a variety of pathogens to gain entry into the central nervous system (CNS). We tested if this entry portal might be exploited using a phage display library to isolate internalizing antibodies that target the CNS in vivo. By applying a phage library that expressed human single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies on their surface to a transected sciatic nerve, we showed that (1) phage conjugated to anti-p75(NTR) antibody or phage scFv library pre-panned against p75(NTR) are internalized by neurons expressing p75(NTR); (2) subsequent retrograde axonal transport separates internalized phage from the applied phage; and, (3) internalized phage can be recovered from a proximal ligature made on a nerve. This approach resulted in 13-fold increase in the number of phage isolated from the injured nerve compared with the starting population, and isolation of 18 unique internalizing p75(NTR) antibodies that were transported from the peripheral nerve into the spinal cord, through the blood-brain barrier. In addition, antibodies recognizing other potentially internalized antigens were identified through in vivo selection using a fully diverse library. Because p75(NTR) expression is upregulated in motor neurons in response to injury and in disease, the p75(NTR) antibodies may have substantial potential for cell-targeted drug/gene delivery. In addition, this novel selection method provides the potential to generate panels of antibodies that could be used to identify further internalization targets, which could aid drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tani
- Department of Human Physiology; Centre for Neuroscience; Flinders University School of Medicine; Adelaide, Australia; Current affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford, CA USA
| | - Jane K Osbourn
- MedImmune Ltd. (Formerly Cambridge Antibody Technology); Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward H Walker
- MedImmune Ltd. (Formerly Cambridge Antibody Technology); Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert A Rush
- Department of Human Physiology; Centre for Neuroscience; Flinders University School of Medicine; Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ian A Ferguson
- Department of Human Physiology; Centre for Neuroscience; Flinders University School of Medicine; Adelaide, Australia
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19
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Georgieva JV, Brinkhuis RP, Stojanov K, Weijers CAGM, Zuilhof H, Rutjes FPJT, Hoekstra D, van Hest JCM, Zuhorn IS. Peptide-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Polymersomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Georgieva JV, Brinkhuis RP, Stojanov K, Weijers CAGM, Zuilhof H, Rutjes FPJT, Hoekstra D, van Hest JCM, Zuhorn IS. Peptide-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Polymersomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8339-42. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Stojanov K, Georgieva JV, Brinkhuis RP, van Hest JC, Rutjes FP, Dierckx RAJO, de Vries EFJ, Zuhorn IS. In Vivo Biodistribution of Prion- and GM1-Targeted Polymersomes following Intravenous Administration in Mice. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1620-7. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200621v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katica Stojanov
- Department
of Cell Biology,
section Membrane Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Julia V. Georgieva
- Department
of Cell Biology,
section Membrane Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - René P. Brinkhuis
- Institute for
Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University Nijmegen, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. van Hest
- Institute for
Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University Nijmegen, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. Rutjes
- Institute for
Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University Nijmegen, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine
and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University
of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F. J. de Vries
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine
and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University
of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S. Zuhorn
- Department
of Cell Biology,
section Membrane Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen,
University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The
Netherlands
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22
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Rubin AD, Hogikyan ND, Oh A, Feldman EL. Potential for promoting recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration by remote delivery of viral gene therapy. Laryngoscope 2012; 122:349-55. [PMID: 22241608 DOI: 10.1002/lary.22436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The aims of this study were to demonstrate the ability to enhance nerve regeneration by remote delivery of a viral vector to the crushed recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), to demonstrate the usefulness of a crushed RLN model to test the efficacy of viral gene therapy, and to discuss future potential applications of this approach. STUDY DESIGN Animal study. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to two groups. In the experimental group, an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector carrying a zinc-finger transcription factor, which stimulates endogenous insulinlike growth factor I production (AAV2-TO-6876vp16), was injected into the crushed RLN. In the control group, an AAV vector carrying the gene for green fluorescent protein was injected into the crushed RLN. Unilateral RLN paralysis was confirmed endoscopically. At 1 week, laryngeal endoscopies were repeated and recorded. Larynges were cryosectioned in 15-μm sections and processed for acetylcholine histochemistry (motor endplates) followed by neurofilament immunoperoxidase (nerve fibers). Percentage nerve-endplate contact (PEC) was determined and compared. Vocal fold motion was evaluated by blinded reviewers using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS The difference between PEC on the crushed and uncrushed sides was statistically less in the experimental group (0.54 ± 0.18 vs. 0.30 ± 0.26, P = .0006). The VAS score at 1 week was significantly better in the experimental group (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AAV2-TO-6876vp16 demonstrated a neurotrophic effect when injected into the crushed RLN. The RLN offers a conduit for viral gene therapy to the brainstem that could be useful for the treatment of RLN injury or bulbar motor neuron disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Rubin
- Lakeshore Professional Voice Center, St. Clair Shores, Michigan, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48081, USA.
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23
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Achazi K, Patel P, Paliwal R, Radonić A, Niedrig M, Donoso-Mantke O. RNA interference inhibits replication of tick-borne encephalitis virus in vitro. Antiviral Res 2011; 93:94-100. [PMID: 22086130 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Each year, up to 10,000 cases of infections with the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus that affect the central nervous system are reported in Europe and Asia. Due to the potentially severe adverse effects of post-exposure prophylaxis with TBE virus hyperimmunoglobulin, TBE can currently only be treated symptomatically. An RNA interference (RNAi) approach to inhibit TBE virus replication was therefore developed. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeted at the TBE virus genome reduce the quantity of infectious TBE virus particles, TBE virus genome, and TBE virus protein in vitro by up to 85%. The 50% inhibitory dose (DI(50)) of the shRNA plasmid was only 0.05μg/ml. As RNAi-based therapeutics for other diseases are already being evaluated in phases II and III clinical trials, it is possible that RNAi could become valuable tool for controlling TBE virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Achazi
- Centre for Biological Security 1 (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Federici T, Boulis NM. Invited review: festschrift edition of neurosurgery peripheral nervous system as a conduit for delivering therapies for diabetic neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and nerve regeneration. Neurosurgery 2010; 65:A87-92. [PMID: 19927084 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000335653.52938.f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe how therapies that promote axonal regeneration and neuronal protection can complement surgery for a successful functional restoration in peripheral nerve disorders. We discuss the advantages of peripheral drug delivery and the role of the neurosurgeon in the precise delivery of molecular therapies to surgically inaccessible structures. Strategies for enhancing uptake and retrograde transport of therapeutics, including gene therapy, are emphasized as conduits for delivery of therapeutics. Finally, candidate therapeutic proteins and genes are discussed in the context of application to degenerative disorders of the nervous system, including nerve injury, peripheral neuropathy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Federici
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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25
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Filler AG, Whiteside GT, Bacon M, Frederickson M, Howe FA, Rabinowitz MD, Sokoloff AJ, Deacon TW, Abell C, Munglani R, Griffiths JR, Bell BA, Lever AML. Tri-partite complex for axonal transport drug delivery achieves pharmacological effect. BMC Neurosci 2010; 11:8. [PMID: 20085661 PMCID: PMC2837052 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-11-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted delivery of pharmaceutical agents into selected populations of CNS (Central Nervous System) neurons is an extremely compelling goal. Currently, systemic methods are generally used for delivery of pain medications, anti-virals for treatment of dermatomal infections, anti-spasmodics, and neuroprotectants. Systemic side effects or undesirable effects on parts of the CNS that are not involved in the pathology limit efficacy and limit clinical utility for many classes of pharmaceuticals. Axonal transport from the periphery offers a possible selective route, but there has been little progress towards design of agents that can accomplish targeted delivery via this intraneural route. To achieve this goal, we developed a tripartite molecular construction concept involving an axonal transport facilitator molecule, a polymer linker, and a large number of drug molecules conjugated to the linker, then sought to evaluate its neurobiology and pharmacological behavior. RESULTS We developed chemical synthesis methodologies for assembling these tripartite complexes using a variety of axonal transport facilitators including nerve growth factor, wheat germ agglutinin, and synthetic facilitators derived from phage display work. Loading of up to 100 drug molecules per complex was achieved. Conjugation methods were used that allowed the drugs to be released in active form inside the cell body after transport. Intramuscular and intradermal injection proved effective for introducing pharmacologically effective doses into selected populations of CNS neurons. Pharmacological efficacy with gabapentin in a paw withdrawal latency model revealed a ten fold increase in half life and a 300 fold decrease in necessary dose relative to systemic administration for gabapentin when the drug was delivered by axonal transport using the tripartite vehicle. CONCLUSION Specific targeting of selected subpopulations of CNS neurons for drug delivery by axonal transport holds great promise. The data shown here provide a basic framework for the intraneural pharmacology of this tripartite complex. The pharmacologically efficacious drug delivery demonstrated here verify the fundamental feasibility of using axonal transport for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron G Filler
- Institute for Nerve Medicine, 2716 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 3082, Santa Monica, CA, 90405, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Atkinson Morley's Hospital, St. George's, University of London, 31 Copse Hill Road, London SW20 ONE, UK
- Division of Neurosurgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- SynGenix LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Molecular Synthetics LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Human Evolutionary Biology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Garth T Whiteside
- SynGenix LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Wyeth Research, Neuroscience Discovery Research, CN 8000 Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - Mark Bacon
- SynGenix LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Molecular Synthetics LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Spinal Research, Station Road, Bramley, Guildford, Surrey, GU5 0AZ, UK
| | - Martyn Frederickson
- SynGenix LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Astex Therapeutics, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Franklyn A Howe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE, UK
| | - Miri D Rabinowitz
- Carmell Therapeutics Corporation, 10 South Tower, 320 E. North Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Human Evolutionary Biology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Alan J Sokoloff
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Human Evolutionary Biology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Terrence W Deacon
- Department of Anthropology, Human Evolutionary Biology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of California at Berkeley, 232 Kroeber Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Chris Abell
- Department of Chemistry, University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Raj Munglani
- Department of Anesthesia, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - John R Griffiths
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE, UK
- Molecular Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 ORE, UK
| | - B Anthony Bell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Atkinson Morley's Hospital, St. George's, University of London, 31 Copse Hill Road, London SW20 ONE, UK
- Neuroscience Unit, St. George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE, UK
| | - Andrew ML Lever
- SynGenix LTD, Babraham Hall, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
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26
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Richardson PM, Miao T, Wu D, Zhang Y, Yeh J, Bo X. RESPONSES OF THE NERVE CELL BODY TO AXOTOMY. Neurosurgery 2009; 65:A74-9. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000352378.26755.c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Peripheral nerve injury causes retrograde changes in the damaged neurons, which are beneficial to axonal regeneration. Better understanding of the mechanisms of induction and mediation of these conditioning responses would help to design strategies to invoke stronger regenerative responses in neurons in situations when these responses are inadequate.
METHODS
Relevant literature is reviewed.
RESULTS
Experimental preparations that measure the influence of peripheral axotomy on regeneration in the central axons of primary sensory neurons are useful to examine mechanisms of conditioning neurons. Despite 4 decades of speculation, the nature of the damage signals from injured nerves that initiate axonal signals to the nerve cell body remains elusive. Members of the family of neuropoietic cytokines are clearly implicated, but what induces them is unknown. Multiple changes in gene regulation in axotomized neurons have been described, and dozens of growth-associated genes have been identified: neurotrophic factors, transcription factors, molecules participating in axonal transport, and molecules active in the growth cone. The mechanisms of interaction of a few regeneration-associated molecules with the signaling cascades that lead to actin and tubulin remodeling at the growth cone are understood in some detail. In animals, viral gene therapy to deliver regeneration-associated genes to neurons or other local measures to induce these genes can improve regeneration. A few pharmacological agents, administered systemically, have small beneficial effects on axonal regeneration.
CONCLUSION
Advances in laboratory research have provided knowledge of cell body responses to axotomy with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Richardson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Mary, University of London, The Royal London Hospital, London, England
| | - Tizong Miao
- Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, England
| | - Dongsheng Wu
- Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, England
| | - Yi Zhang
- Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, England
| | - John Yeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Mary, University of London, The Royal London Hospital, London, England
| | - Xuenong Bo
- Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, England
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of chronic pain remains a challenge in spite of the numerous drugs either approved or still in development. Apart from inadequacy of relief, there are concerns about adverse effects and addiction in the case of drugs such as opioids. Gene therapy is being investigated for improving management of pain. OBJECTIVE To addresses the rationale of gene therapy for treatment of pain and its advantages over drugs. The prospects of translation of these techniques from experimental animals to clinical use are discussed. METHODS The review is based on the available literature and is confined to experimental work, as there are no approved therapies in this category. RESULTS/CONCLUSION A number of promising gene therapies as well as antisense- and RNA interference-based approaches have been identified. These provide targeted approaches to delivery of antinociceptive molecules or interruption of pain pathways without subjecting the patient to systemic toxicity of drugs. Some of these approaches are aimed at correcting the underlying pathology of the diseases (e.g., treating degenerative joint diseases causing pain). Management of neuropathic pain is a challenge and a number of studies are addressing it. Overall the future of gene therapy for pain is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Jain
- Jain PharmaBiotech, Blaesiring 7, CH-4057, Basel, Switzerland.
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28
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Zacchigna S, Giacca M. Chapter 20 Gene Therapy Perspectives for Nerve Repair. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2009; 87:381-92. [DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(09)87020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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29
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Carlton E, Teng Q, Federici T, Yang J, Riley J, Boulis NM. FUSION OF THE TETANUS TOXIN C FRAGMENT BINDING DOMAIN AND BCL-XL FOR PROTECTION OF PERIPHERAL NERVE NEURONS. Neurosurgery 2008; 63:1175-82; discussion 1182-4. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000334415.45003.ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Carlton
- Department of Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Qingshan Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Thais Federici
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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30
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Kwon EJ, Bergen JM, Park IK, Pun SH. Peptide-modified vectors for nucleic acid delivery to neurons. J Control Release 2008; 132:230-5. [PMID: 18627784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuron-targeted nucleic acid delivery systems are important technologies for realizing the potential of gene therapy for nervous system disorders. However, neurons are difficult cells to transfect using non-viral vectors due in part to the specific and unique delivery challenges present in these cells. We have investigated several bioactive peptides for their ability to assist in overcoming delivery barriers in mammalian cells. We summarize here our recent progress in developing and applying peptide-modified polycations for nucleic acid delivery. In addition, we present data demonstrating the potential of using multicomponent, peptide-modified polycations for nucleic acid delivery to neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
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