1
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Okumura A, Aoshima K, Tanimizu N. Generation of in vivo-like multicellular liver organoids by mimicking developmental processes: A review. Regen Ther 2024; 26:219-234. [PMID: 38903867 PMCID: PMC11186971 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver is involved in metabolic reactions, ammonia detoxification, and immunity. Multicellular liver tissue cultures are more desirable for drug screening, disease modeling, and researching transplantation therapy, than hepatocytes monocultures. Hepatocytes monocultures are not stable for long. Further, hepatocyte-like cells induced from pluripotent stem cells and in vivo hepatocytes are functionally dissimilar. Organoid technology circumvents these issues by generating functional ex vivo liver tissue from intrinsic liver progenitor cells and extrinsic stem cells, including pluripotent stem cells. To function as in vivo liver tissue, the liver organoid cells must be arranged precisely in the 3-dimensional space, closely mimicking in vivo liver tissue. Moreover, for long term functioning, liver organoids must be appropriately vascularized and in contact with neighboring epithelial tissues (e.g., bile canaliculi and intrahepatic bile duct, or intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts). Recent discoveries in liver developmental biology allows one to successfully induce liver component cells and generate organoids. Thus, here, in this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on liver development with a focus on its application in generating different liver organoids. We also cover the future prospects in creating (functionally and structurally) in vivo-like liver organoids using the current knowledge on liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumu Okumura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
| | - Kenji Aoshima
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanimizu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
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2
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Promsut W, Yamada R, Takami S, Miyazaki N, Uemura M, Hiramatsu R, Takahashi N, Kanai Y. External genitalia phenotypes of a Mab21l1-null mouse model for cerebellar, ocular, craniofacial, and genital (COFG) syndrome. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:1943-1959. [PMID: 37750449 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellar, ocular, craniofacial, and genital (COFG) syndrome is a human genetic disease that is caused by MAB21L1 mutations. A COFG mouse model with Mab21l1-null mutation causes severe microphthalmia and fontanelle dysosteogenesis, similar to the symptoms in human patients. One of the typical symptoms is scrotal agenesis in male infants, while male Mab21l1-null mice show hypoplastic preputial glands, a rodent-specific derivative of the cranial scrotal fold. However, it is still unclear where and how MAB21Ll acts in the external genitalia in both mice and humans. Here we show that, at the neonatal stage, MAB21L1 expression in the external genitalia was restricted to two mesenchymal cell populations-underneath the scrotal and labial skin and around the preputial and clitoral glands (PG/CG). Morphometric analyses of the Mab21l1-/- pups revealed a significant reduction in the external size of the scrotum, vulva, and CG, as well as PG. In the periglandular region around PG and CG, the periglandular mesenchymal cells showed a drastic reduction in both cell density and immunoreactive signals for several extracellular matrix proteins (e.g., collagen I, fibronectin, and proteoglycans), together with their reduced Ki67-positive cell proliferation index. In the Mab21l1-/- PG/CG, together with reduced vascularization, the glandular epithelia displayed atrophy with discontinuous basal lamina along the basal surface and defective glycogen accumulation in their cytoplasm. Under a 5-day organ culture of the isolated PG, the Mab21l1-/- explants showed poor outgrowth and retention of the glandular structure in vitro. However, the addition of exogenous Matrigel could partially rescue such tissue-autonomous phenotypes, showing glandular morphology similar to that of the wild-type explants. These findings suggest that MAB21L1+ mesenchymal cells play a crucial role in providing nutrient ECM support for glandular outgrowth and morphogenesis in the peripheral external genitalia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryuichi Yamada
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- RNA Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Takami
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanae Miyazaki
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- RNA Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiakira Kanai
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Mu T, Xu L, Zhong Y, Liu X, Zhao Z, Huang C, Lan X, Lufei C, Zhou Y, Su Y, Xu L, Jiang M, Zhou H, Lin X, Wu L, Peng S, Liu S, Brix S, Dean M, Dunn NR, Zaret KS, Fu XY, Hou Y. Embryonic liver developmental trajectory revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing in the Foxa2 eGFP mouse. Commun Biol 2020; 3:642. [PMID: 33144666 PMCID: PMC7642341 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver and gallbladder are among the most important internal organs derived from the endoderm, yet the development of the liver and gallbladder in the early embryonic stages is not fully understood. Using a transgenic Foxa2eGFP reporter mouse line, we performed single-cell full-length mRNA sequencing on endodermal and hepatic cells isolated from ten embryonic stages, ranging from E7.5 to E15.5. We identified the embryonic liver developmental trajectory from gut endoderm to hepatoblasts and characterized the transcriptome of the hepatic lineage. More importantly, we identified liver primordium as the nascent hepatic progenitors with both gut and liver features and documented dynamic gene expression during the epithelial-hepatic transition (EHT) at the stage of liver specification during E9.5–11.5. We found six groups of genes switched on or off in the EHT process, including diverse transcripitional regulators that had not been previously known to be expressed during EHT. Moreover, we identified and revealed transcriptional profiling of gallbladder primordium at E9.5. The present data provides a high-resolution resource and critical insights for understanding the liver and gallbladder development. The authors report a single cell-resolution gene expression atlas for the developing mouse liver and gallbladder using a transgenic Foxa2eGFP mouse line. By tracing the development of cells from gut endoderm to hepatoblasts they identify key transcriptional changes during liver specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Mu
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119615, Singapore.,Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.,GenEros Biopharma, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqin Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yu Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- GenEros Biopharma, 310018, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Zhikun Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chaoben Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lan
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengchen Lufei
- GenEros Biopharma, 310018, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Yi Zhou
- GenEros Biopharma, 310018, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Yixun Su
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119615, Singapore.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luang Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongpo Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siqi Peng
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael Dean
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Norris R Dunn
- Endodermal Development and Differentiation Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Kenneth S Zaret
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Smilow Center for Translation Research, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xin-Yuan Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119615, Singapore. .,Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China. .,GenEros Biopharma, 310018, Hangzhou, China. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, 518033, Shenzhen, China. .,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Higashiyama H, Uemura M, Igarashi H, Kurohmaru M, Kanai-Azuma M, Kanai Y. Anatomy and development of the extrahepatic biliary system in mouse and rat: a perspective on the evolutionary loss of the gallbladder. J Anat 2017; 232:134-145. [PMID: 29023691 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gallbladder is the hepatobiliary organ for storing and secreting bile fluid, and is a synapomorphy of extant vertebrates. However, this organ has been frequently lost in several lineages of birds and mammals, including rodents. Although it is known as the traditional problem, the differences in development between animals with and without gallbladders are not well understood. To address this research gap, we compared the anatomy and development of the hepatobiliary systems in mice (gallbladder is present) and rats (gallbladder is absent). Anatomically, almost all parts of the hepatobiliary system of rats are topographically the same as those of mice, but rats have lost the gallbladder and cystic duct completely. During morphogenesis, the gallbladder-cystic duct domain (Gb-Cd domain) and its primordium, the biliary bud, do not develop in the rat. In the early stages, SOX17, a master regulator of gallbladder formation, is positive in the murine biliary bud epithelium, as seen in other vertebrates with a gallbladder, but there is no SOX17-positive domain in the rat hepatobiliary primordia. These findings suggest that the evolutionary loss of the Gb-Cd domain should be translated simply as the absence of a biliary bud at an early stage, which may correlate with alterations in regulatory genes, such as Sox17, in the rat. A SOX17-positive biliary bud is clearly definable as a developmental module that may be involved in the frequent loss of gallbladder in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mami Uemura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Igarashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masami Kanai-Azuma
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiakira Kanai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Arregi I, Climent M, Iliev D, Strasser J, Gouignard N, Johansson JK, Singh T, Mazur M, Semb H, Artner I, Minichiello L, Pera EM. Retinol Dehydrogenase-10 Regulates Pancreas Organogenesis and Endocrine Cell Differentiation via Paracrine Retinoic Acid Signaling. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4615-4631. [PMID: 27740873 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A-derived retinoic acid (RA) signals are critical for the development of several organs, including the pancreas. However, the tissue-specific control of RA synthesis in organ and cell lineage development has only poorly been addressed in vivo. Here, we show that retinol dehydrogenase-10 (Rdh10), a key enzyme in embryonic RA production, has important functions in pancreas organogenesis and endocrine cell differentiation. Rdh10 was expressed in the developing pancreas epithelium and surrounding mesenchyme. Rdh10 null mutant mouse embryos exhibited dorsal pancreas agenesis and a hypoplastic ventral pancreas with retarded tubulogenesis and branching. Conditional disruption of Rdh10 from the endoderm caused increased mortality, reduced body weight, and lowered blood glucose levels after birth. Endodermal Rdh10 deficiency led to a smaller dorsal pancreas with a reduced density of early glucagon+ and insulin+ cells. During the secondary transition, the reduction of Neurogenin3+ endocrine progenitors in the mutant dorsal pancreas accounted for fewer α- and β-cells. Changes in the expression of α- and β-cell-specific transcription factors indicated that Rdh10 might also participate in the terminal differentiation of endocrine cells. Together, our results highlight the importance of both mesenchymal and epithelial Rdh10 for pancreogenesis and the first wave of endocrine cell differentiation. We further propose a model in which the Rdh10-expressing exocrine tissue acts as an essential source of RA signals in the second wave of endocrine cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Arregi
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Climent
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dobromir Iliev
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen Strasser
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nadège Gouignard
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny K Johansson
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tania Singh
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Mazur
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Semb
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Isabella Artner
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liliana Minichiello
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Edgar M Pera
- Lund Stem Cell Center (I.Arr., M.C., D.I., J.S., N.G., J.K.J., T.S., M.M., I.Art., E.M.P.), Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; The Danish Stem Cell Center (H.S.), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Pharmacology (L.M.), University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
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6
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Housset C, Chrétien Y, Debray D, Chignard N. Functions of the Gallbladder. Compr Physiol 2016; 6:1549-77. [PMID: 27347902 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile between meals. Gallbladder motor function is regulated by bile acids via the membrane bile acid receptor, TGR5, and by neurohormonal signals linked to digestion, for example, cholecystokinin and FGF15/19 intestinal hormones, which trigger gallbladder emptying and refilling, respectively. The cycle of gallbladder filling and emptying controls the flow of bile into the intestine and thereby the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. The gallbladder also largely contributes to the regulation of bile composition by unique absorptive and secretory capacities. The gallbladder epithelium secretes bicarbonate and mucins, which both provide cytoprotection against bile acids. The reversal of fluid transport from absorption to secretion occurs together with bicarbonate secretion after feeding, predominantly in response to an adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway triggered by neurohormonal factors, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide. Mucin secretion in the gallbladder is stimulated predominantly by calcium-dependent pathways that are activated by ATP present in bile, and bile acids. The gallbladder epithelium has the capacity to absorb cholesterol and provides a cholecystohepatic shunt pathway for bile acids. Changes in gallbladder motor function not only can contribute to gallstone disease, but also subserve protective functions in multiple pathological settings through the sequestration of bile acids and changes in the bile acid composition. Cholecystectomy increases the enterohepatic recirculation rates of bile acids leading to metabolic effects and an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and small-intestine carcinoid, independently of cholelithiasis. Among subjects with gallstones, cholecystectomy remains a priority in those at risk of gallbladder cancer, while others could benefit from gallbladder-preserving strategies. © 2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:1549-1577, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Housset
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CMR) des Maladies Inflammatoires des Voies Biliaires (MIVB), Service d'Hépatologie, Paris, France
| | - Yues Chrétien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CMR) des Maladies Inflammatoires des Voies Biliaires (MIVB), Service d'Hépatologie, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Debray
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Medical-Surgical Center, Hepatology and Transplantation, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Chignard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
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7
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Uemura M, Igarashi H, Ozawa A, Tsunekawa N, Kurohmaru M, Kanai-Azuma M, Kanai Y. Fate mapping of gallbladder progenitors in posteroventral foregut endoderm of mouse early somite-stage embryos. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:587-91. [PMID: 25648459 PMCID: PMC4478739 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In early embryogenesis, the posteroventral foregut endoderm gives rise to the
budding endodermal organs including the liver, ventral pancreas and gallbladder during
early somitogenesis. Despite the detailed fate maps of the liver and pancreatic
progenitors in the mouse foregut endoderm, the exact location of the gallbladder
progenitors remains unclear. In this study, we performed a DiI fate-mapping analysis using
whole-embryo cultures of mouse early somite-stage embryos. Here, we show that the majority
of gallbladder progenitors in 9–11-somite-stage embryos are located in the lateral-most
domain of the foregut endoderm at the first intersomite junction level along the
anteroposterior axis. This definition of their location highlights a novel entry point to
understanding of the molecular mechanisms of initial specification of the gallbladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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